Multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser plasma diagnosis, in particular to a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement method. The first branch comprises a target spot plasma, protective glass, an adjustable diaphragm, a first light receiving lens, a first imaging lens, a first filter assembly, a grating spectrometer, a half-region attenuation sheet, a first optical streak camera and a first computer which are arranged in sequence, and the system further comprises a semi-transparent and semi-reflecting mirror and a second branch; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is arranged between the first imaging lens and the first filter assembly, the first scattered light transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the first filter assembly, and the second scattered light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the second branch. The objective of the invention is to solve the technical problem that data of three dimensions of time behavior, spectral distribution and angular distribution of scattered light cannot be obtained at the same time, and to realize flexible selection of optical Thomson scattering for solid angle measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser plasma diagnosis, and in particular to a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Optical Thomson scattering (OTS) is an important diagnostic tool in the field of high energy density physics. It obtains the state parameters of plasma by analyzing the scattering spectrum generated by the interaction between laser and free electrons in plasma. When the scattering spectrum carries thermal fluctuation information, it is called thermal coherent Thomson scattering (TCTS), which is mainly used to measure electron temperature, density, ion temperature and flow velocity. When the scattering spectrum reflects the electron density fluctuation caused by instability, it is called super-thermal coherent Thomson scattering (STCTS), which is mainly used to explore the development mechanism of instability and its dynamic characteristics.

[0003] In instability research, it is crucial to simultaneously obtain the temporal and spatial spectral information of electron density fluctuations. Therefore, STCTS requires not only spectral measurements of scattered light, but also its spatial angular distribution. Given the transient nature of instability processes in high-energy-density physics experiments, the measured data must have time resolution. In addition, due to the limited repeatability between experiments, it is particularly critical to obtain spectral and angular distribution data with time resolution in a single experiment. Furthermore, some experiments may only focus on the scattered spectrum within a specific solid angle, so the ability to flexibly adjust the measurement solid angle is extremely beneficial for a deeper understanding of the instability mechanism.

[0004] However, existing OTS systems can usually only provide two-dimensional information simultaneously - either the temporal evolution and spectral distribution of scattered light, or the angular distribution and spectral distribution of scattered light, but cannot simultaneously obtain data in three dimensions: the temporal behavior, spectral distribution, and angular distribution of scattered light. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that it is impossible to simultaneously obtain data in three dimensions, namely, the temporal behavior, spectral distribution and angular distribution of scattered light, and to achieve flexible selection of optical Thomson scattering measurement solid angle, the present invention provides a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and measurement method, and the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] The first technical solution of the present invention provides a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, including a first branch, the first branch includes a target plasma, a protective glass, an adjustable aperture, a first light-collecting lens, a first imaging lens, a first filter combination, a grating spectrometer, a half-zone attenuation plate, a first optical streak camera and a first computer arranged in sequence, the system also includes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror and a second branch, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is arranged between the first imaging lens and the first filter combination, the first scattered light transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the first filter combination, and the second scattered light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the second branch.

[0007] Furthermore, the second branch includes a second filter combination, a spatial filtering aperture, a second light collecting lens, a diffuse scattering plate, a second imaging lens, a second optical streak camera and a second computer which are arranged in sequence, and the second optical streak camera is electrically connected to the second computer.

[0008] Furthermore, the spatial filter limiting aperture is aligned with the focal position of the first imaging lens, and the focal position of the second light-collecting lens is aligned with the spatial filter limiting aperture.

[0009] Furthermore, the F number of the second light-collecting lens is less than or equal to the F number of the first imaging lens.

[0010] Furthermore, the size of the diffuse scattering plate is larger than the aperture size of the parallel light transmitted by the second light collecting lens.

[0011] Furthermore, the diffuse scattering plate is used to emit diffusely scattered light to a second imaging lens, and the second imaging lens is used to image onto a cathode of a second optical streak camera to measure time-resolved angular distribution data of the second scattered light.

[0012] Furthermore, the grating spectrometer is used to perform spectral dispersion on the first scattered light, and the image point of the grating spectrometer is located on the cathode of the first optical streak camera, and is used to measure time-resolved spectral distribution data of the first scattered light.

[0013] Furthermore, the F number of the first light collecting lens is 2 to 4.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention provides a measurement method of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, including the multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system described in the first technical solution of the present invention, and the method comprises:

[0015] Aim the first and second branches at the same target area;

[0016] The time-resolved spectral distribution data of Thomson scattered light is measured by the first branch, and the time-resolved angular distribution data of Thomson scattered light is measured by the second branch, including:

[0017] The aperture of the adjustable aperture is adjusted to be larger than the aperture of the first light-collecting lens. The Thomson scattered light emitted from the target plasma is converted into parallel light by the first light-collecting lens for relay transmission, and then converged and imaged by the first imaging lens. The light is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror as first scattered light and reflected as second scattered light. The first scattered light is transmitted into the first filter combination and imaged onto the grating spectrometer. The grating spectrometer performs spectral dispersion on the first scattered light. After attenuation by the half-zone attenuation plate, the light is imaged onto the cathode of the first optical streak camera. The first optical streak camera performs time-resolved measurement on the spectral signal on the cathode. The first computer reads the data and records the time-resolved spectral distribution data.

[0018] The second scattered light is reflected into the second branch to obtain time-resolved angular distribution data.

[0019] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0020] Measuring the temporal behavior and spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle, including: adjusting the position and size of the adjustable iris for the target according to the time-resolved angular distribution data to ensure that only the Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle can pass through the adjustable iris;

[0021] The first branch is used to obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and measurement method provided by the present invention can simultaneously obtain time-resolved spectral distribution data and time-resolved angular distribution data of Thomson scattered light from the same target area in the same experimental round by setting a first branch and a second branch; on the other hand, the size and position of the adjustable aperture can be adjusted arbitrarily, which improves the flexibility of measuring the solid angle selection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A method flow chart of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Icons: 1-target plasma, 2-protective glass, 3-adjustable aperture, 4-first light-collecting lens, 5-first imaging lens, 6-first filter combination, 7-grating spectrometer, 8-half-zone attenuation plate, 9-first optical streak camera, 10-first computer, 11-semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, 12-second filter combination, 13-spatial filtering aperture, 14-second light-collecting lens, 15-diffuse scattering plate, 16-second imaging lens, 17-second optical streak camera, 18-second computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and measurement method proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation, structure, features and effects, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0029] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0030] The specific scheme of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and a measurement method provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The first technical solution of the present invention provides a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, including a first branch, the first branch includes a target plasma 1, a protective glass 2, an adjustable aperture 3, a first light-collecting lens 4, a first imaging lens 5, a first filter combination 6, a grating spectrometer 7, a half-area attenuation plate 8, a first optical streak camera 9 and a first computer 10 arranged in sequence, the system also includes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 and a second branch, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 is arranged between the first imaging lens 5 and the first filter combination 6, the first scattered light transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 is incident on the first filter combination 6, and the second scattered light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 is incident on the second branch; wherein the target plasma 1, i.e., the plasma target area, is the source of the scattered light; the first light-collecting lens 4 is used to collect the scattered light after passing through the adjustable aperture 3;

[0032] Specifically, in the first branch, the F number (ratio of focal length to diameter) of the first light-collecting lens 4 is preferably 2-4, the focal length is preferably ≥300mm, the aperture is preferably ≥75mm, the focus of the first light-collecting lens 4 is aligned with the target area position of the target plasma 1, and is used to convert the Thomson scattered light emitted by the target area into parallel light; there is a protective glass 2 between the first light-collecting lens 4 and the target plasma 1, which is used to protect the first light-collecting lens 4, and has high transmittance within the wavelength range of the target signal (for example, 260nm-266nm), and there is an adjustable aperture 3 between the protective glass 2 and the first light-collecting lens 4, and its center position and aperture can be freely adjusted to flexibly select the measurement solid angle of the system; the first light-collecting lens 4 is followed by a first imaging lens 5, and its aperture is the same as that of the first light-collecting lens 4, and is used to converge the parallel light into an image; the first imaging lens 5 is followed by a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 , which divides the scattered light into two, forming a first scattered light and a second scattered light; the first filter assembly 6 is used to shield stray light and attenuate signal intensity. After the first filter assembly 6 is an imaging grating spectrometer 7, whose entrance slit is located at the focal position of the first imaging lens 5. The imaging grating spectrometer 7 performs spectral dispersion on the first scattered light, and its image point is located on the cathode of the first optical streak camera 9. There is a half-area attenuation plate 8 between the imaging grating spectrometer 7 and the first optical streak camera 9, which is composed of two left and right half-areas with significant difference in transmittance. Within the wavelength range of the scattered light (260nm~266nm), the transmittance of one half-area is ≥80%, while the transmittance of the other half-area is ≤10%; the first optical streak camera 9 is used to realize time-resolved measurement of the scattered light spectrum. The first optical streak camera 9 is electrically connected to the first computer 10, and the result is read and stored by the first computer 10;

[0033] In the second branch, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 is arranged after the first imaging lens 5 and before the first filter combination 6, and is used to guide a part of the scattered light to the second branch (i.e., the second scattered light). The second branch is designed to receive and process the scattered light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11, and finally transmit the data to a corresponding detector or streak camera through appropriate optical configuration (such as imaging lens, filter combination, etc.), so as to obtain time-resolved angular distribution data of the scattered light;

[0034] The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system and measurement method provided in this embodiment can simultaneously obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution data and the time-resolved angular distribution data of Thomson scattered light from the same target area in the same experimental round by setting the first branch and the second branch, thereby increasing the understanding of the plasma dynamic process, reducing the need for multiple experiments to obtain complete data, and saving experimental resources; on the other hand, the size and position of the adjustable aperture 3 can be adjusted arbitrarily, and different measurement solid angles can be selected according to experimental requirements, thereby enhancing the system's ability to adapt to different experimental conditions;

[0035] Preferably, the second branch includes a second filter assembly 12, a spatial filter aperture 13, a second light-collecting lens 14, a diffuse scattering plate 15, a second imaging lens 16, a second optical streak camera 17 and a second computer 18, which are arranged in sequence. The second optical streak camera 17 is electrically connected to the second computer 18. In the second branch:

[0036] The second filter assembly 12 is used to shield stray light and attenuate signal strength to reduce the impact of background noise;

[0037] After the second filter assembly 12 is a spatial filtering aperture 13 aligned with the focal position of the first imaging lens 5, which is used to shield scattered light from non-target positions, ensure that only scattered light from the target area passes through the aperture, eliminate interference from scattered light in other non-target areas, and improve measurement accuracy;

[0038] After the spatial filter limiting aperture 13 is a second light-collecting lens 14, which converts the scattered light into parallel light again. The focal position of the second light-collecting lens 14 is aligned with the spatial filter limiting aperture 13, so as to convert the scattered light passing through the spatial filter limiting aperture 13 into parallel light, which is convenient for subsequent optical processing; the F number (ratio of focal length to diameter) of the second light-collecting lens 14 is less than or equal to the F number of the first imaging lens 5, so as to maintain a high light flux and good beam quality;

[0039] After the second light-collecting lens 14 is a diffuse scattering plate 15, which is used to intercept the parallel light transmitted from the second light-collecting lens 14. The size of the diffuse scattering plate 15 is larger than the aperture size of the parallel light transmitted from the second light-collecting lens 14 to ensure that all light can be scattered evenly. The diffuse scattered light emitted from the diffuse scattering plate 15 is imaged by the second imaging lens 16 onto the cathode of the second optical streak camera 17 to achieve time-resolved measurement of the angular distribution of the scattered light, and the result is read and stored by the second computer 18.

[0040] The second branch provided in this embodiment ensures that only scattered light from the target area enters the subsequent measurement link through the use of the spatial filtering limit hole 13, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the angular distribution measurement; combined with the first branch, the system can simultaneously obtain time-resolved spectral distribution and angular distribution information in a single experiment.

[0041] See also Figure 2 , which shows a method flow chart of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the second technical solution of the present invention provides a measurement method of a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, including the multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system described in the first technical solution of the present invention, the method comprising:

[0042] Step S100: aim the first branch and the second branch at the same target area; specifically, place a small ball of known size and material in the target area, such as a gold ball with a diameter of 100 microns, and use the small ball as a standard reference to help align various parts of the measurement system; then use a laser to illuminate the gold ball to generate scattered light; adjust the optical path of the first branch, including the protective glass 2, the adjustable aperture 3, the first light-collecting lens 4, the first imaging lens 5 and other components, to ensure that the image of the gold ball accurately falls on the center of the incident slit of the imaging grating spectrometer 7; at the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that the image of the gold ball is also located at the cathode of the first optical streak camera 9 The center position ensures that the first branch is correctly aligned with the target area; on the other hand, through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11, part of the scattered light will be directed to the second branch, and the second filter combination 12, the spatial filter limiting hole 13, the second light-collecting lens 14 and other components in the second branch are adjusted to ensure that the image of the gold ball falls exactly at the center of the spatial filter limiting hole 13; the position of the spatial filter limiting hole 13 should be aligned with the focus of the first imaging lens 5 to ensure that only the scattered light from the target area passes through; through the meticulous operation of the alignment step, it is ensured that the two branches can accurately aim at the same target area at the same time, thereby improving the consistency and reliability of subsequent measurement data;

[0043] Step S200: using the first branch to measure the time-resolved spectral distribution data of the Thomson scattered light, and using the second branch to measure the time-resolved angular distribution data of the Thomson scattered light, including:

[0044] Step S210: adjusting the aperture of the adjustable aperture 3 to be larger than the aperture of the first light-collecting lens 4, the Thomson scattered light emitted from the target plasma 1 is converted into parallel light by the first light-collecting lens 4 for relay transmission, and then converged and imaged by the first imaging lens 5, transmitted as first scattered light and reflected as second scattered light by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11, the first scattered light is transmitted into the first filter assembly 6 and imaged to the grating spectrometer 7, the grating spectrometer 7 performs spectral dispersion on the first scattered light, and after attenuation by the half-zone attenuation plate 8, the first scattered light is imaged to the cathode of the first optical streak camera 9, the first optical streak camera 9 performs time-resolved measurement on the spectral signal on the cathode, and the first computer 10 reads the data and records the time-resolved spectral distribution data;

[0045] Step S220: The second scattered light is reflected into the second branch to obtain time-resolved angular distribution data; specifically, the second scattered light enters the second branch after being reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11, and the second scattered light entering the second branch first passes through the spatial filter limiting hole 13, and the spatial filter limiting hole 13 is placed on the focal plane of the first imaging lens 5, and its function is to further screen out the scattered light signal only from the target area, and exclude the scattered light interference from other non-target areas; the scattered light transmitted from the spatial filter limiting hole 13 is converted into parallel light again after passing through the second light-collecting lens 14, and then collected by the diffuse scattering plate 15, and the size of the diffuse scattering plate 15 is designed to be larger than the second light-collecting lens 14. The aperture size of the parallel light transmitted by the lens 14 is to ensure that all light can be scattered evenly. The diffuse scattered light scattered by the diffuse scattering plate 15 is imaged onto the cathode of the second optical streak camera 17 through the second imaging lens 16, and time-resolved measurement is performed, and the result is read and recorded by the second computer 18; the spatial distribution of the incident signal on the diffuse scattering plate 15 reflects the angular distribution information of the Thomson scattered light emitted by the target area of ​​the target plasma 1 within the light receiving solid angle of the measurement system; therefore, in the second branch, the spatial distribution of the diffuse scattered light emitted by the diffuse scattering plate 15 is measured by time resolution, which can correspond to the time-resolved angular distribution data of the Thomson scattered light;

[0046] Preferably, the method further comprises: measuring the temporal behavior and spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle, including: adjusting the position and size of the adjustable aperture 3 as a target according to the time-resolved angular distribution data to ensure that only the Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle can pass through the adjustable aperture 3; specifically, in order to further optimize the multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement method so that the system can accurately measure the temporal behavior and spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle, we can limit the measured solid angle by adjusting the position and size of the adjustable aperture 3, and use the first branch to obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution data of the Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle; determine the target solid angle according to the time-resolved angular distribution data obtained by the second branch, and the key to this step is to analyze the data of the second branch and identify the angular range of the scattered light of interest; and then adjust the position and size of the adjustable aperture 3 to ensure that only the scattered light within the target solid angle can pass through the adjustable aperture 3, which can be achieved by a manual or automatic control system, depending on the experimental conditions and technical implementation means;

[0047] Then, the first branch is used to obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution of the Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle; specifically, after the adjustment of the adjustable aperture 3 is completed, the first branch is used to measure the time-resolved spectral distribution of the scattered light; the Thomson scattered light emitted from the target plasma 1 is converted into parallel light by the first light-collecting lens 4, and is converged into an image by the first imaging lens 5; the first scattered light transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 11 enters the first filter combination 6, and is spectrally dispersed by the grating spectrometer 7; the half-area attenuation plate 8 appropriately attenuates the spectral signal, and finally, the first optical streak camera 9 performs time-resolved measurement on the spectral signal on the cathode, and the first computer 10 reads and records the time-resolved spectral distribution data.

[0048] This embodiment guides the adjustment of the adjustable aperture 3 through the time-resolved angular distribution data of the second branch, thereby ensuring that the measurement system can accurately select the scattered light within the target solid angle, thereby improving the accuracy and pertinence of the data; by limiting the measured solid angle, the interference of scattered light in non-target areas is reduced, thereby improving the quality of the measurement data of the first branch; combining the functions of the first branch and the second branch, the system can simultaneously obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution and angular distribution information of scattered light within the target solid angle in a single experiment, providing rich data support for in-depth research on the dynamic process inside the plasma.

[0049] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is for description only and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, comprising a first branch, wherein the first branch comprises a target plasma, a protective glass, an adjustable aperture, a first light-collecting lens, a first imaging lens, a first filter assembly, a grating spectrometer, a half-area attenuation plate, a first optical streak camera and a first computer arranged in sequence, characterized in that: The system also includes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror and a second branch. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is arranged between the first imaging lens and the first filter combination. The first scattered light transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the first filter combination, and the second scattered light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror enters the second branch.

2. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second branch includes a second filter assembly, a spatial filtering aperture, a second light collecting lens, a diffuse scattering plate, a second imaging lens, a second optical streak camera and a second computer which are arranged in sequence, and the second optical streak camera is electrically connected to the second computer.

3. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spatial filter limiting aperture is aligned with the focal position of the first imaging lens, and the focal position of the second light-collecting lens is aligned with the spatial filter limiting aperture.

4. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The F number of the second light-collecting lens is less than or equal to the F number of the first imaging lens.

5. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The size of the diffuse scattering plate is larger than the aperture size of the parallel light transmitted by the second light collecting lens.

6. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diffuse scattering plate is used to emit diffuse scattered light to the second imaging lens, and the second imaging lens is used to image the light onto the cathode of the second optical streak camera to measure the time-resolved angular distribution data of the second scattered light.

7. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The grating spectrometer is used to perform spectral dispersion on the first scattered light. The image point of the grating spectrometer is located on the cathode of the first optical streak camera and is used to measure the time-resolved spectral distribution data of the first scattered light.

8. The multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The F number of the first light-collecting lens is 2 to 4.

9. A measurement method for a multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system, characterized in that: A multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system comprising any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises: Aim the first and second branches at the same target area; The time-resolved spectral distribution data of Thomson scattered light is measured by the first branch, and the time-resolved angular distribution data of Thomson scattered light is measured by the second branch, including: The aperture of the adjustable aperture is adjusted to be larger than the aperture of the first light-collecting lens. The Thomson scattered light emitted from the target plasma is converted into parallel light by the first light-collecting lens for relay transmission, and then converged and imaged by the first imaging lens. The light is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror as first scattered light and reflected as second scattered light. The first scattered light is transmitted into the first filter combination and imaged onto the grating spectrometer. The grating spectrometer performs spectral dispersion on the first scattered light. After attenuation by the half-zone attenuation plate, the light is imaged onto the cathode of the first optical streak camera. The first optical streak camera performs time-resolved measurement on the spectral signal on the cathode. The first computer reads the data and records the time-resolved spectral distribution data. The second scattered light is reflected into the second branch to obtain time-resolved angular distribution data.

10. The measurement method of the multi-messenger optical Thomson scattering measurement system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Measuring the temporal behavior and spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle, including: adjusting the position and size of the adjustable iris for the target according to the time-resolved angular distribution data to ensure that only the Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle can pass through the adjustable iris; The first branch is used to obtain the time-resolved spectral distribution of Thomson scattered light within the target solid angle.

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