Addressing methods, battery management systems, battery management components, and related devices

Abstract

An addressing method, a battery management system (1013) and a battery management assembly (201), a battery pack (101), a battery module (100), a propulsion system (602), a movable device (600) and a computer readable storage medium. The addressing method is applied to each battery management system (1013) in a plurality of battery management systems (1013) connected in sequence, and each battery management system (1013) can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system (1013) of the battery management system (1013). The addressing method comprises: (S11) in the case that the battery management system (1013) is a host, controlling the previous battery management system (1013) of the target battery management system (1013) to activate the target battery management system (1013), the target battery management system (1013) being an unaddressed battery management system (1013); (S12) addressing the target battery management system (1013).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an addressing method, a battery management system, a battery management assembly, a battery pack, a battery module, a propulsion system, a movable device and a computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] When using a battery pack for power supply, a single battery pack can not be able to meet the power demand of a power consumption device in the current period. Therefore, in the related art, a plurality of battery packs can be combined together to supply power to the power consumption device, so as to meet the power demand of the power consumption device. However, in the manner of power supply by the combination of a plurality of battery packs, in order to distinguish different battery packs, address programming needs to be performed on each battery pack in sequence, and the efficiency of this address allocation manner is low. SUMMARY

[0003] In a first aspect, the present application provides an addressing method applied to each battery management system in a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each battery management system being capable of being activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the battery management system; the addressing method comprising: in the case that the battery management system is a master, controlling the previous battery management system of a target battery management system to activate the target battery management system, the target battery management system being an unaddressed battery management system; and addressing the target battery management system.

[0004] In a second aspect, the present application provides an addressing method applied to each battery management system in a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each battery management system being capable of being activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the battery management system; the addressing method comprising: in the case that the battery management system is a slave, receiving an activation control signal sent by a master; and activating a target battery management system in response to the activation control signal, the target battery management system being a next battery management system of the battery management system.

[0005] In a third aspect, the present application provides an addressing method applied to a battery management assembly, the battery management assembly comprising a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each battery management system being capable of being activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the battery management system; the addressing method comprising: a master in the plurality of battery management systems sending an activation control signal to a slave in the plurality of battery management systems; the slave activating a next battery management system of the slave in response to the activation control signal; and the master addressing the next battery management system.

[0006] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a battery management system, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the addressing method of the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application when executing the program.

[0007] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a battery management assembly, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the addressing method of the third aspect of the present application when executing the program.

[0008] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising the battery management system of the fourth aspect of the present application, and a battery cell connected with the battery management system.

[0009] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising a plurality of battery packs of the sixth aspect of the present application, or comprising a battery cell and a battery management assembly of the fifth aspect of the present application, wherein the battery cell is connected with the battery management assembly.

[0010] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a propulsion system, comprising a propeller, and a battery module of the seventh aspect of the present application, wherein the battery module is connected with the propeller.

[0011] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a movable device, comprising a movable body, and a propulsion system of the eighth aspect of the present application, wherein the propulsion system is combined with the movable body.

[0012] In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are executed by a processor to implement the addressing method of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect of the present application.

[0013] In the embodiments of the present application, each of the plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence can be activated in response to the activation signal of the previous battery management system of the present battery management system, so that the previous battery management system of the target battery management system can be activated by the battery management system as the host to control the target battery management system, and then the target battery management system is addressed. Through the above-mentioned manner, the addressing of the battery management system is realized, so that the address burning of each battery pack is not required in sequence, and the address allocation efficiency of the battery pack is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of a battery management assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an addressing method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 is a flowchart of an addressing method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 is a flowchart of an addressing method according to still another embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a switching element and a double-pole switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a voltage conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a second switching unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including an externally connected signal input terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 11FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack connected to a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 12 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack connected to a charger according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 13 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of battery management systems connected according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 14 FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an addressing process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 15 FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a readdressing process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 16 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a propulsion system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 17 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of the present application.

[0037] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein below with reference to the drawings. The following description is presented with reference to the drawings, wherein the same reference numbers indicate the same or similar elements throughout the several drawings. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not meant to be all inclusive of all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0038] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting thereof. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "and / or", as used herein, refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "front", "back", "lower" and / or "upper" and / or similar terms are used for ease of description to describe the orientation of elements when it is assumed that the device is in an upright position on a horizontal surface. Terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not restricted to direct or physical connections, but can refer also to indirect or wireless connections unless otherwise indicated by the context.

[0039] A movable device includes a device capable of running or moving in a land, water, air, or the like area. As an example, the movable device can be a land movable device, such as a car, a truck, or the like. As another example, the movable device can be an aircraft, such as a drone, an airship, or the like. As still another example, a water movable device refers to a mobile device capable of running or moving on water, which can be used for navigation, diving, entertainment, or other water activities. For example, the water movable device can be various water vehicles, such as a commercial ship, a passenger ship, a yacht, a fishing boat, a sailboat, a civilian ship, or the like, and can also be a water inspection device, a water management device, a water environment monitoring device, or the like, which is capable of moving in water, and can also be a submersible boat or the like, which is capable of operating underwater, and the like, without limitation.

[0040] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a movable device 600 is shown. The movable device 600 can include a movable body 601 and a propulsion system 602, which is installed on the movable body 601. Taking the movable device 600 as a water movable device as an example, the movable body 601 is a water movable body, and the propulsion system 602 is a water propeller system. The water propeller system is a power providing device of the water movable device, which can change its attitude relative to the water movable body to be placed below the water surface when the water propeller system is needed to be used, so as to provide a propelling force for the movement of the water movable body. When the water propeller system is not needed to be used, it is placed above the water surface to reduce the resistance of the water flow when the water movable body moves. The water propeller system can be installed at the head, the tail, or the side, and when installed at the side, it can be used as a side thruster to assist the turning of the water movable device, or the like. The water propeller can be an outboard motor, an inboard motor, a pod propeller, or the like, without limitation.

[0041] Referring to Figure 16The propulsion system 602 includes propellers 6021 and battery modules 100 connected with the propellers 6021. The battery modules 100 can supply power to the propellers 6021 to enable the propellers 6021 to output power. The number of propellers 6021 can be greater than or equal to 1, and the number of battery modules 100 can also be greater than or equal to 1. In some examples, the battery modules 100 can correspond to the propellers 6021 one-to-one, and each propeller 6021 is powered by its corresponding battery module 100. In other examples, one propeller 6021 can also be powered by multiple battery modules 100. In yet other examples, one battery module 100 can also supply power to multiple propellers 6021.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1A , the battery module 100 can include a plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence. Referring to Figure 1B , the battery pack 101 can include battery cells 1011 and a battery management system 1013, and the battery cells 1011 are connected with the battery management system 1013. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 1C , the battery module 100 can include battery cells 1011 and a battery management assembly 201. The battery management assembly 201 can include a plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, and the number of battery cells 1011 can correspond to the number of battery management systems 1013, and each battery management system 1013 is connected with one battery cell 1011. In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1D , the battery management assembly 201 can include a memory 2011, a processor 2012, and a computer program stored in the memory 2011 and executable on the processor 2012. In the case where the battery management assembly 201 includes a plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, each battery management system 1013 in the battery management assembly 201 can include at least one processor 2012. The various battery management systems 1013 in the battery management assembly 201 can share the memory 2011, or each battery management system 1013 in the battery management assembly 201 includes a respective memory 2011. In order to facilitate fault positioning of the various battery management systems 1013, the various battery management systems 1013 can be addressed. The processor 2012 can implement an addressing method for addressing the battery management systems 1013 when executing the computer program thereon.

[0043] The battery management system 1013 can manage and control the charging and discharging process of the battery pack 101 or the battery management assembly 201 in which the battery management system 1013 is located, for example, control the charging current and / or charging voltage of the battery cell 1011 in the battery pack 101 or the battery management assembly 201, monitor the temperature of the battery pack 101 or the battery management assembly 201, alarm the fault of the battery pack 101 or the battery management assembly 201, etc. See Figure 1E The battery management system 1013 can include a memory 1013a, a processor 1013b, and a computer program stored on the memory 1013a and executable on the processor 1013b, and the processor 1013b can implement an addressing method for addressing the battery management system 1013 when executing the computer program.

[0044] The addressing method of the present application is used to address each of the N (N is a positive integer greater than 1) battery management systems 1013 (Battery Management System, BMS) 1013 connected in sequence. After addressing each battery management system 1013, different battery management systems 1013 have different addresses.

[0045] The plurality of battery management systems 1013 in the present application can include a master battery management system 1013 and a slave battery management system 1013. Through the cooperation of the master and the slave, the addressing of each battery management system 1013 is realized. The specific way of addressing is illustrated below.

[0046] Each of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 in the present application can be activated in response to the activation signal of the previous battery management system 1013 of the present battery management system 1013. For example, the second battery management system 1013 of the N battery management systems 1013 can be activated in response to the activation signal of the first battery management system 1013, the third battery management system 1013 of the N battery management systems 1013 can be activated in response to the activation signal of the second battery management system 1013, and so on. Wherein, the activation signal can be a voltage signal, a current signal, a pulse signal or other types of signals.

[0047] The embodiments of the addressing method of the present application are illustrated below. Figure 2 In the present embodiment, the execution subject of the addressing method is the master battery management system 1013 of the plurality of battery management systems 1013. The addressing method can include:

[0048] Step S11: In the case that the present battery management system 1013 is the master, the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013, which is the unaddressed battery management system 1013;

[0049] Step S12: Addressing the target battery management system 1013.

[0050] In the present application, assuming that the unaddressed battery management system 1013 is the i(th) (1≤i≤N) battery management system 1013 in the N battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, the master can control the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 to activate the i(th) battery management system 1013. If the unaddressed battery management system 1013 is the 1(st) battery management system 1013 in the N battery management systems 1013, the master can activate the 1(st) battery management system 1013 by itself.

[0051] In some embodiments, the master is the 1(st) battery management system 1013 in the N battery management systems 1013, and the 2(nd) to N(th) battery management systems 1013 in the N battery management systems 1013 are slaves. In the case that each of the battery management systems 1013 is unaddressed, the target battery management system 1013 includes each of the N battery management systems 1013. The master can address each of the battery management systems 1013 in sequence. After the 1(st) battery management system 1013 is powered on, it determines that the present machine is the master and addresses the present machine. After the master addresses itself successfully, it activates the 2(nd) battery management system 1013 by the present machine, and addresses the 2(nd) battery management system 1013 after the 2(nd) battery management system 1013 is activated. After the 2(nd) battery management system 1013 addresses itself successfully, it activates the 3(rd) battery management system 1013 by the 2(nd) battery management system 1013, and so on, until all the N battery management systems 1013 are addressed successfully.

[0052] Alternatively, the master can also not address itself, but only address the slaves. Since the master sends the master message and the slave sends the slave message, the master and the slave can be distinguished based on the message, so that the master itself does not need to be addressed.

[0053] The above embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application. In other embodiments, the host can also be a battery management system 1013 other than the first battery management system 1013. For example, in the case of failure of the first battery management system 1013, the second battery management system 1013 can be set as the host, and the third to Nth battery management systems 1013 can be set as slaves, and the second (or third) to Nth battery management systems 1013 can be sequentially addressed by the second battery management system 1013.

[0054] In some embodiments, the action of addressing the target battery management system 1013 can be performed when the battery management system 1013 is powered on, which is the first addressing. For example, when a certain battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is powered on by receiving a user operation, the action of addressing the battery management system 1013 and the remaining battery management systems 1013 connected after the battery management system 1013 is started to be performed.

[0055] In other embodiments, during the operation after the addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, a certain battery management system 1013 can lose signal due to vibration, environment, and other problems, and the target battery management system 1013 is the battery management system 1013 that loses signal. The host can address the battery management system 1013, which is readdressing (referred to as readdressing). Assuming that the slave that loses signal is the i-th battery management system 1013, the host can activate the i-th battery management system 1013 through the i-1-th battery management system 1013, and after the i-th battery management system 1013 is activated, the i-th battery management system 1013 is readdressed.

[0056] During the operation after the addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, each slave can send a feedback signal to the host, which can be used by the host to determine whether each slave loses signal. If the host fails to receive the feedback signal sent by a certain slave, the host can determine that the slave loses signal, and thus determine the target battery management system 1013 as the slave, and control the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 for readdressing the target battery management system 1013. Monitoring the connection state of the slave based on the reception of the feedback signal can help the host to discover the loss of the slave in time and make appropriate decisions, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the operation of the plurality of battery management systems 1013.

[0057] As to the type of the feedback signal, optionally, the feedback signal can be a heartbeat signal sent by the slave to the master at a preset frequency. Since the heartbeat signal is sent at a preset frequency, the master can determine in time whether the slave is lost according to the reception of the heartbeat signal, which is conducive to improving the detection efficiency of whether the slave is lost. Optionally, the feedback signal can also be a response signal in response to the polling signal sent by the master. It can be understood that, compared with the scheme of detecting the loss of the slave by using an additional heartbeat signal, the additional heartbeat signal can occupy the time sequence of the communication between the master and the slave. For the case where the number of slaves is large, the polling cycle between the master and all the slaves can be prolonged, the polling frequency of the master to all the slaves can be reduced, and the master cannot obtain the data of the slave in time. However, the response signal is directly used to monitor the loss of the slave, without inserting an additional communication process, and does not occupy the communication time sequence between the master and any slave. In the case of meeting the monitoring demand of the loss of the slave, the polling frequency between the master and the plurality of slaves can be guaranteed, and the timely acquisition of the data of the slave by the master can be guaranteed. In an example of the present application, after the addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, the type of the feedback signal can be determined based on the number of slaves in the plurality of battery management systems 1013. When the number reaches a set number, the response signal is selected as the feedback signal; when the number is less than the set number, the heartbeat signal is selected as the feedback signal. In this way, when the number of slaves is small, the timeliness of the monitoring of the loss of the slave can be improved, and when the number of slaves is large, the timeliness of the acquisition of the data of the slave can be guaranteed.

[0058] When the target battery management system 1013 is addressed (firstly addressed or readdressed), the master can send the address of the target battery management system 1013 to the target battery management system 1013. The target battery management system 1013 can store an address field. After receiving the address sent by the master, the target battery management system 1013 can assign the address sent by the master to the address field of the local machine, so as to set the address of the local machine as the address sent by the master.

[0059] The address of the target battery management system 1013 can include numbers, letters and / or symbols. The host can address different battery management systems 1013 as different addresses so as to distinguish the individual battery management systems 1013. Alternatively, the address of the target battery management system 1013 is determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence. For example, the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013 in the N battery management systems 1013, and the address of the target battery management system 1013 is N. It can be understood that when a certain battery management system 1013 is lost, the host can prompt the user of the lost battery management system 1013 and prompt the user of the address of the lost target battery management system 1013. Since the address is related to the connection order of the lost battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013, the user can easily find the lost battery management system 1013 from the plurality of battery management systems 1013. Thus, great convenience can be provided for the user to identify the lost battery management system 1013.

[0060] In the case of readdressing the target battery management system 1013, the readdressed address of the target battery management system 1013 can be the original address of the target battery management system 1013. Continuing the previous example, in the case of the target battery management system 1013 being the i-th battery management system 1013, the original address of the target battery management system 1013 is N, and the readdressed address of the target battery management system 1013 is also N. It can be understood that after a certain battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is lost, the lost battery management system 1013 is generally directly readdressed without changing the connection order of the lost battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013. Therefore, the address of the lost battery management system 1013 can be set to the original address, on the one hand, to avoid assigning a new address to the lost battery management system 1013, which can cause the new address to be duplicated with the addresses of other battery management systems 1013, and on the other hand, to facilitate the address management of the host, and further to facilitate the user to identify the position of the lost battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013.

[0061] In other examples, both the readdressed address of the target battery management system 1013 and the original address of the target battery management system 1013 can be determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, but the readdressed address and the original address can be different. For example, the address of the target battery management system 1013 can carry information about the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is readdressed. Still assuming that the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, after the target battery management system 1013 is addressed for the x-th time, the address of the target battery management system 1013 can be denoted as i x. If x = 1, it means that the i-th battery management system 1013 is addressed for the first time. If x > 1, it means that the i-th battery management system 1013 is readdressed for x-1 times.

[0062] In the above manner, the number of times each battery management system 1013 is readdressed can be recorded. If the number of times a battery management system 1013 is readdressed is greater than a preset number threshold, a prompt message can be output. The prompt message can carry the address of the battery management system 1013 whose number of readdressing is greater than the preset number threshold. If a battery management system 1013 is frequently readdressed, it can indicate that the battery management system 1013 has a problem such as loose wiring. Therefore, by outputting the prompt message, the user can be reminded to timely handle the abnormal situation such as loose wiring.

[0063] In some embodiments, after the host activates the target battery management system 1013 before the host controls the previous battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 returns an activation response signal to the host. The activation response signal can indicate that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully activates the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, addressing the target battery management system 1013 can include that the host addresses the target battery management system 1013 if the host receives the activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system 1013. The feedback of the activation response signal can facilitate the host to understand the activation state of the target battery management system 1013, and thus facilitate the host to perform subsequent addressing operations, and ensure the smooth development of the addressing process.

[0064] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further comprise: if the host fails to receive the activation response signal, the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 again. When abnormal situations such as poor communication signals occur, the host can fail to successfully receive the activation response signal. The duration of some abnormal situations can be short. Therefore, by activating the target battery management system 1013 again through the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully activated after the abnormal situation recovers, thereby improving the success rate of activating the target battery management system 1013.

[0065] Further, the number of times of activating the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 (referred to as the third preset number) can be set in advance. If the activation response signal is still not received when the number of times of activating the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 reaches the third preset number, it means that the activation of the target battery management system 1013 fails. At this time, the host can output a fault prompt to prompt the user to handle the fault in time. The fault prompt can also include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the failure of the target battery management system 1013 activation), the address of the battery management system 1013 that fails to activate, and the like, so as to facilitate the user to find the battery management system 1013 that fails to activate and troubleshoot the fault.

[0066] If the activation response signal is received before the number of times of activating the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 reaches the third preset number, the host can also clear the number of times of activating the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of the current activation number of the next target battery management system 1013 when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, avoiding the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be activated multiple times after the first activation fails due to the number of activations not being cleared, and ensuring the smooth development of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013.

[0067] After the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, the target battery management system 1013 can return an addressing response signal to the host. After the target battery management system 1013 is addressed, the addressing method can further include: if the host receives the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013, confirming that the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed. The feedback of the addressing response signal can facilitate the host to know whether the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, and then facilitate the host to perform subsequent operations.

[0068] If the host fails to receive the above-mentioned addressing response signal due to the target battery management system 1013 being offline, the communication link between the target battery management system 1013 and the host being abnormal, or the like, the addressing method can further include: attempting to address the target battery management system 1013 again. Since the duration of some abnormal conditions is relatively short, by attempting to address the target battery management system 1013 multiple times, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully addressed after the abnormal condition recovers to normal, thereby improving the addressing success rate. The maximum number of times (hereinafter referred to as the first preset number) of addressing the target battery management system 1013 can be set in advance. The first preset number can be set according to actual needs, for example, set to 3 times, 5 times, or 10 times, or the like. Optionally, the first preset number in the first addressing process can be less than the first preset number in the re-addressing process. For example, the first preset number can be 3 times in the first addressing, and the first preset number can be 10 times in the re-addressing. Setting a smaller first preset number in the first addressing can reduce the time delay of the addressing process, thereby enabling each battery pack 101 to obtain an address as soon as possible; setting a larger first preset number in the re-addressing can reduce the situation of re-addressing failure caused by temporary abnormality, and improve the success rate of re-addressing.

[0069] The host can record the current number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013 in the local machine, and start timing when addressing the target battery management system 1013. If the host fails to receive the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 before the timing is timed out, the host adds 1 to the current number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013, and attempts to address the target battery management system 1013 again. By timing and setting a timeout time, the host can timely determine the situation that the target battery management system 1013 fails to feed back the response signal, and reattempt to address the target battery management system 1013, thereby improving the addressing efficiency.

[0070] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include: if the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013 reaches the first preset number of times, and the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 is not received, it indicates that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 fails. At this time, the host can output a fault prompt to prompt the user to handle the fault in time. The fault prompt can further include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the addressing failure of the target battery management system 1013), the address of the battery management system 1013 that fails to address, and the like, to facilitate the user to find the battery management system 1013 that fails to address and troubleshoot the fault.

[0071] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include: if the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 is received before the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013 reaches the first preset number of times, it indicates that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 succeeds, and the host can clear the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013. By clearing the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013, the number of times of addressing the next target battery management system 1013 can be accurately determined when the next target battery management system 1013 is addressed, avoiding the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be addressed multiple times after the first addressing fails due to the number of times not being cleared, and ensuring the smooth development of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013.

[0072] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include: after the target battery management system 1013 is addressed, the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. By controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the power consumption of the battery pack 101 where the previous battery management system 1013 is located due to the activation of the target battery management system 1013 can be reduced, and the balance between the power of each battery management system 1013 can be improved.

[0073] The process of the host controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to activate and stop activating the target battery management system 1013 can be realized by sending an activation instruction to the target battery management system 1013. Specifically, the host can send an activation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 can activate the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control instruction. The host can also send a stop activation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 can stop activating the target battery management system 1013 in response to the stop activation control instruction.

[0074] In an implementation, two adjacent battery management systems 1013 can be connected through a switch module, and a previous battery management system 1013 of a target battery management system 1013 is activated, specifically including: the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to close the switch module between the previous battery management system 1013 and the target battery management system 1013, so as to activate the target battery management system 1013. In this implementation, the instruction sent by the host for controlling the switch module to close is the activation control instruction. After the switch module is closed, the target battery management system 1013 can be powered on, so as to be activated. In this embodiment, the host only needs to control the switch module to close, so as to make the target battery management system 1013 powered on and activated. Since the process from the switch module being closed to the target battery management system 1013 being powered on and successfully activated takes a short time, the activation efficiency of the target battery management system 1013 can be effectively improved.

[0075] The host can also control the switch module to be disconnected, so as to make the previous battery management system 1013 stop activating the target battery management system 1013. In this implementation, the instruction sent by the host for controlling the switch module to be disconnected is the stop activation control instruction. In the above embodiment, the previous battery management system 1013 activates and stops activating the target battery management system 1013 only needs to be implemented by setting the switch module in hardware. Since the cost of the switch module is low, the hardware cost of the battery pack 101 can be effectively reduced. Moreover, the host only needs to control the switch module to be closed or disconnected, so as to activate and stop activating the target battery management system 1013, and the control logic is simple.

[0076] After the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 can return a stop activation response signal to the host, so as to indicate that the previous battery management system 1013 has stopped activating the target battery management system 1013. After the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the addressing method can further include: if the host receives the stop activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system 1013, it is confirmed that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully stops activating the target battery management system 1013. By sending the stop activation response signal to the host, the host can determine whether the target battery management system 1013 is successfully stopped activating, and then, the host can perform further actions according to the determination result, for example, reattempt to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, or output a fault prompt, so as to ensure the smooth development of the addressing process.

[0077] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further comprise: if the host fails to receive the stop activation response signal, returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, i.e. the host again attempts to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. The maximum number of times of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 (hereinafter referred to as the second preset number) can be set in advance. The second preset number can be set to the same value as or a different value from the first preset number according to actual needs. The host can record in the host the number of times of currently controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, and start timing when controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. If the host fails to receive the stop activation response signal before the timing is timed out, the host adds 1 to the number of times of currently controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, and again attempts to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013.

[0078] If the stop activation response signal is still not received when the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number, it indicates that the previous battery management system 1013 fails to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, the addressing method can further comprise: if the stop activation response signal is still not received when the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number, the host outputs a fault prompt so that the user can timely handle the fault. The fault prompt can further comprise fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the failure of the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013), the address of the previous battery management system 1013, etc., so as to facilitate the user to find the previous battery management system 1013 and troubleshoot the fault.

[0079] If the stop activation response signal is received before the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 controls the activation of the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, it indicates that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully stops the activation of the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, the addressing method can further include: if the stop activation response signal is received before the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 controls the activation of the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, the host clears the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 controls the activation of the target battery management system 1013. In this way, when the next target battery management system 1013 is addressed, the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 controls the activation of the next target battery management system 1013 can be accurately determined, avoiding the problem that the number of times of stopping activation is not cleared, which may cause the previous battery management system 1013 to fail to stop the activation of the next target battery management system 1013 for the first time, and ensuring the smooth development of the addressing process.

[0080] After the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, the addressing method further includes: taking the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 as an updated target battery management system 1013, and returning to step S11.

[0081] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the updated target battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, confirming that the original target battery management system 1013 is the last slave. For example, assuming that the original target battery management system 1013 is the i th battery management system 1013, the updated target battery management system 1013 is the i + 1 th battery management system 1013. If the i + 1 th battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, the i th battery management system 1013 can be confirmed as the last slave, thereby completing the current addressing process.

[0082] In some embodiments, if the process of addressing the target battery management system 1013 is readdressing the target battery management system 1013 rather than first addressing, the addressing method can further include: determining whether a feedback signal of the target battery management system 1013 is received.

[0083] Based on this, the step of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 can specifically include: when the feedback signal is not received, controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013.

[0084] In the process of readdressing the target battery management system 1013, the addressing method further comprises: updating the target battery management system 1013, and returning to the step of activating the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013. Wherein, if the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the first slave can be taken as the updated target battery management system 1013, otherwise, the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 is taken as the updated target battery management system 1013.

[0085] Specifically, if the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the master can determine whether the feedback signal of the first slave is received. If the feedback signal of the first slave is not received, the first slave is updated as the target battery management system 1013; if the feedback signal of the first slave is received, it is determined whether the feedback signal of the second slave is received. In this way, until the slave which does not receive the feedback signal is determined, and the slave is determined as the target battery management system 1013.

[0086] Similarly, if the target battery management system 1013 is not the last slave, the master can determine whether the feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 (i.e. the first battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013) of the target battery management system 1013 is received. If the feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 is not received, the next battery management system 1013 is updated as the target battery management system 1013; if the feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 is received, it is determined whether the feedback signal of the second battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013 is received. In this way, until the slave which does not receive the feedback signal is determined, and the slave is determined as the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, if the master receives the feedback signal of a slave, it can be directly determined that the slave has been successfully addressed, so that it is not necessary to address the slave again, but to determine whether the next slave has been successfully addressed, thereby improving the addressing efficiency.

[0087] The following will be described in combination with Figure 3 Another embodiment of the addressing method of the present application is exemplified. In this embodiment, the execution subject of the addressing method is the battery management system 1013 as a slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013. The addressing method can comprise:

[0088] Step S21: receiving the activation control signal sent by the master in the case that the present battery management system 1013 is a slave;

[0089] Step S22: activating the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal, the target battery management system 1013 being the next battery management system 1013 of the current battery management system 1013.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, each of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence can activate the next battery management system 1013 as the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal of the host, so that the host addresses the target battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013 is successfully activated. In this way, the address programming of each battery pack 101 is performed sequentially, which greatly improves the address allocation efficiency of the battery pack 101.

[0091] In the following, the target battery management system 1013 is taken as the i-th (1 < i ≤ N) battery management system 1013 of the N battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, and the current battery management system 1013 is taken as the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 of the N battery management systems 1013 as an example to describe the scheme of the embodiment.

[0092] Suppose the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 is a slave, the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 can receive the activation control signal sent by the host and activate the i-th battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal. Wherein, the host can send the activation control signal to the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 when the i-th battery management system 1013 is not addressed.

[0093] In some embodiments, the address programming method can further include: after the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 receives the activation control signal, sending a response signal (i.e. the activation response signal in the foregoing embodiment) of the activation control signal to the host to inform the host that the activation control signal has been successfully received. The feedback of the activation response signal can facilitate the host to understand the activation state of the target battery management system 1013, and further facilitate the host to perform subsequent address programming operations, thereby ensuring the smooth development of the address programming process. The operation of sending the response signal of the activation control signal and the operation of activating the i-th battery management system 1013 can be performed asynchronously, and the present application does not limit the execution order of the above two operations.

[0094] After the i-th battery management system 1013 is activated, the host can address the i-th battery management system 1013. After addressing the i-th battery management system 1013, the host can also send a stop activation control signal to the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013. In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include that the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 receives the stop activation control signal and stops activating the i-th battery management system 1013 in response to the stop activation control signal. The (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 stops activating the i-th battery management system 1013 under the control of the host, which can reduce the power consumption of the battery pack 101 in which the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 is located due to the activation of the i-th battery management system 1013, and improve the balance between the powers of the battery packs 101 in which the respective battery management systems 1013 are located.

[0095] In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include that, after the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 stops activating the i-th battery management system 1013, a response signal (i.e., the stop activation response signal in the foregoing embodiment) of the stop activation control signal is sent to the host to inform the host that the i-th battery management system 1013 has been stopped activating. The (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 sends the stop activation response signal to the host, which facilitates the host to determine whether the target battery management system 1013 has stopped activating successfully, and further facilitates the host to perform further actions according to the determination result, for example, reattempting to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, or outputting a fault prompt, to ensure the smooth development of the addressing process.

[0096] In addition, the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 can also be addressed by the host. Specifically, the host can control the (i-2)-th battery management system 1013 to activate the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013, and send an addressing signal to the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 after the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 is activated. The addressing signal can carry the address of the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013. After receiving the addressing signal, the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 can set the address carried in the addressing signal as its own address. The way of controlling the (i-2)-th battery management system 1013 to activate the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 is similar to the way of controlling the (i-1)-th battery management system 1013 to activate the i-th battery management system 1013, which will not be described here.

[0097] Further, the addressing method can further include: the i-1th battery management system 1013, after receiving the addressing signal sent by the host, sends an addressing response signal to the host to inform the host that the i-1th battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed. The i-1th battery management system 1013 feeds back the addressing response signal to the host, so that the host can know whether the i-1th battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, and then the host can perform subsequent operations.

[0098] If the i-1th battery management system 1013 does not receive the addressing signal sent by the host after being powered on, the i-1th battery management system 1013 can also control the battery management system 1013 to be powered off. Because the battery management system 1013 before the i-1th battery management system 1013 fails to be addressed, or wiring is wrong, etc., the i-1th battery management system 1013 can not be normally addressed. This situation is called single-box mode of the i-1th battery management system 1013. In the single-box mode, the addressing method can further include: if the i-1th battery management system 1013 does not receive the addressing signal sent by the host after the battery management system 1013 is powered on, the i-1th battery management system 1013 controls the battery management system 1013 to be powered off, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery pack 101 where the i-1th battery management system 1013 is located.

[0099] Referring to Figure 4 The application also provides an addressing method. The addressing method is applied to a battery management assembly 201. The battery management assembly 201 includes a plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, and each battery management system 1013 can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system 1013 of the battery management system 1013. The addressing method includes:

[0100] Step S31: a host in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 sends an activation control signal to a slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013;

[0101] Step S32: the slave activates a next battery management system 1013 of the slave in response to the activation control signal;

[0102] Step S33: the host addresses the next battery management system 1013.

[0103] In some embodiments, after the host in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 sends the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013, the addressing method further includes: the slave sends an activation response signal of the activation control signal to the host; and the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, including: if the host receives the activation response signal sent by the slave, the host addresses the next battery management system 1013. In some embodiments, after the host in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 sends the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013, the addressing method further includes: the slave sends an activation response signal of the activation control signal to the host; and the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, including: if the host receives the activation response signal sent by the slave, the host addresses the next battery management system 1013.

[0104] In some embodiments, after the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method further comprises: the slave sending an addressing response signal to the host; the host receiving the addressing response signal fed back by the next battery management system 1013, confirming that the addressing of the next battery management system 1013 is successful.

[0105] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host does not receive the addressing response signal fed back by the next battery management system 1013, returning to the step of the host addressing the next battery management system 1013.

[0106] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host still does not receive the addressing response signal when the number of times of addressing the next battery management system 1013 by the host reaches a first preset number of times, the host outputs a fault prompt.

[0107] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host receives the addressing response signal before the number of times of addressing the next battery management system 1013 by the host reaches the first preset number of times, the host clears the number of times of addressing the next battery management system 1013.

[0108] In some embodiments, after the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method further comprises: the host sending a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013; the slave stopping activating the next battery management system 1013 in response to the stop activation control signal sent by the host.

[0109] In some embodiments, after the host sends the stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method further comprises: the slave sending a stop activation response signal to the host; the host receiving the stop activation response signal sent by the slave, confirming that the slave stops activating the next battery management system 1013 successfully.

[0110] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host does not receive the stop activation response signal, returning to the step of the host sending the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013.

[0111] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host still does not receive the stop activation response signal when the number of times of sending the stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013 by the host reaches a second preset number of times, outputting a fault prompt.

[0112] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the host receives the stop-activation response signal before the number of times the host sends the stop-activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, the host clears the number of times the host sends the stop-activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013.

[0113] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: after the host successfully addresses the next battery management system 1013, the host takes the next battery management system 1013 of the next battery management system 1013 as an updated next battery management system 1013, and returns to the step of the host sending the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013.

[0114] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: if the updated next battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, the host confirms the original next battery management system 1013 as the last slave.

[0115] In some embodiments, the address of the next battery management system 1013 is determined based on the connection order of the next battery management system 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence.

[0116] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: the host judges whether a feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 is received, and the feedback signal is used as a basis for the host to judge whether the next battery management system 1013 is lost; the host sending the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 comprises: the host sending the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 when the feedback signal is not received; and the host addressing the next battery management system 1013 comprises: the host re-addressing the next battery management system 1013.

[0117] In some embodiments, the address of the next battery management system 1013 after re-addressing is the original address of the next battery management system 1013.

[0118] In some embodiments, the addressing method further comprises: the host updates the next battery management system 1013, and returns to the step of the host sending the activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013; and wherein, if the next battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the host takes the first slave as the updated next battery management system 1013, otherwise the host takes the next battery management system 1013 of the next battery management system 1013 as the updated next battery management system 1013.

[0119] In some embodiments, a switch module is connected between two adjacent battery management systems 1013 in the plurality of battery management systems 1013, the master sends an activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems 1013, including: the master sends a closing instruction to the slave to control the slave to close the switch module between the slave and the next battery management system 1013, the next battery management system 1013 is activated when the switch module is closed.

[0120] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the slave does not receive the addressing signal sent by the master after being powered on, the slave controls the battery management system 1013 to be powered off.

[0121] The next battery management system 1013 of the slave in the method embodiment can be the target battery management system 1013 in the foregoing embodiments, and the slave in the method embodiment can be the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 in the foregoing embodiments. The specific implementation details of the steps performed by the master and the steps performed by the slave in the embodiment can be respectively referred to the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. Figure 2 The specific implementation details of the steps performed by the master and the steps performed by the slave in the embodiment can be respectively referred to the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

[0122] Each battery management system 1013 in the application can be used in parallel, and any battery management system 1013 can serve as a master or a slave. The software and hardware configurations of all battery management systems 1013 can be completely consistent. In some embodiments, an interaction component can be configured on each battery pack 101 where the battery management system 1013 is located. If a user operates the interaction component on a certain battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 in the interaction component can determine that the local machine is the master; the battery management system 1013 in the battery pack 101 not operated by the user is the slave. After determining the master and the slave, the addressing can be performed according to the method in the foregoing embodiments. The structure of the battery pack 101 and the specific way of determining the master and the slave are exemplified below.

[0123] Referring to Figures 5 to 12 The application provides a battery pack 101. The battery pack 101 is applied to a battery module 100 including a plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence. The battery pack 101 includes a battery cell 1011, a battery management system 1013, and a first switch unit 1012.

[0124] The battery management system 1013 includes a first input end In1, a second input end In2 and an output end Out. The first input end In1 and the second input end In2 are connected to one end of the first switch unit 1012, and the other end of the first switch unit 1012 is connected to the battery cell 1011. The output end Out is used to connect the first input end In1 of the next battery pack 101 connected with the battery pack 101. The first input end In1 of the battery pack 101 is used to transmit a power supply signal when the first switch unit 1012 is closed, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered on. The second input end In2 is used to transmit a control signal when the first switch unit 1012 is closed after receiving the closing operation of the user, so that the battery management system 1013 sets itself as the master.

[0125] Each battery pack 101 in the battery module 100 of the present application can be used alone or together with at least one other battery pack 101. The following mainly illustrates the embodiment in which a plurality of battery packs 101 are used together. In this case, the battery module 100 can include N (N is a positive integer greater than 1) battery packs 101 connected in sequence. Each battery pack 101 can be a battery pack 101 with the same configuration, specifically, can have the same software configuration, the same hardware configuration, the same appearance and / or the same wiring mode. In this way, the user does not need to distinguish between the master and the slave when connecting a plurality of battery packs 101, improving the operation convenience of the user. For the manufacturer of the battery pack 101, it also does not need to distinguish between a plurality of battery packs 101, facilitating the production, manufacturing and sales of the manufacturer.

[0126] The battery cell 1011 can store and release electric energy. The battery cell 1011 can supply power to the power-consuming components in the battery pack 101, including the battery management system 1013, and can also include components such as indicator lights, buzzers, etc. Among them, the indicator light can be used to indicate the state of the battery pack 101, such as the charging state, the charging completion state, the fault state, the low power state, etc. The buzzer can be used to output alarm information when the state of the battery pack 101 is abnormal.

[0127] The battery cell 1011 can be connected with the battery management system 1013 through a first switch unit 1012, wherein the first switch unit 1012 can control the opening and closing of the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013. When the first switch unit 1012 is opened, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is disconnected, and the battery cell 1011 stops supplying power to the battery management system 1013; when the first switch unit 1012 is closed, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is connected, and the battery cell 1011 supplies power to the battery management system 1013. The first switch unit 1012 can be closed in response to a closing operation of a user. For example, the first switch unit 1012 can include an interactive component such as a physical button, a slider, a rotating component, or a voice control component, and the closing operation can be pressing the physical button, dragging the slider, rotating the rotating component, or sending a voice signal.

[0128] The battery management system 1013 is used to monitor, control, and protect the battery pack 101. The battery management system 1013 can include a first input terminal In1 and a second input terminal In2. When the first switch unit 1012 is closed, the battery cell 1011 can output a power supply signal to the first input terminal In1, and the first input terminal In1 transmits the power supply signal to the battery management system 1013 to power the battery management system 1013. When the first switch unit 1012 is closed in response to a closing operation of a user, the battery cell 1011 can output a control signal to the second input terminal In2, and the second input terminal In2 transmits the control signal to the battery management system 1013 to set the battery management system 1013 as a master. The power supply signal and the control signal can both be voltage signals, and the voltage of the control signal can be the same as or different from the voltage of the power supply signal.

[0129] Referring to Figure 9 , the battery management system 1013 can further include an output terminal Out for connecting the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 connected with the battery pack 101 where the battery management system 1013 is located. When the battery pack 101 where the battery management system 1013 is located is the last battery pack 101 in the plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence, the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the last battery pack 101 can not need to be connected to other terminals. The battery pack 101 can output a power supply signal to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 to power the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101.

[0130] Alternatively, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 8The battery pack 101 further comprises a second switch unit 1015 (i.e. the switch module in the foregoing embodiment). One end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the end of the first switch unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101 connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the first input end In1 of the next battery pack 101, specifically, the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the end of the first switch unit 1012 connected to the first input end In1, thereby accessing the first input end In1. The second switch unit 1015 can be a device with a switching function such as a relay. The second switch unit 1015 can further comprise an enable end, and the enable end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the output end Out of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 is located, thereby the second switch unit 1015 can be controlled to be opened or closed by the battery management system 1013. Specifically, the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 is located can control the second switch unit 1015 to be closed after being powered. After the second switch unit 1015 is closed, the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 is short-circuited, thereby enabling the battery cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101 to supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101, so as to power the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101.

[0131] If the second input end In2 of the battery management system 1013 in one battery pack 101 fails to obtain the control signal transmitted when the first switch unit 1012 of the battery pack 101 receives the closing operation of the user, the battery management system 1013 will set itself as a slave. For example, the battery management system 1013 can start timing when being powered, and if the timing duration reaches a preset duration threshold, and the second input end In2 of the battery management system 1013 still fails to obtain the control signal, the battery management system 1013 will set itself as a slave.

[0132] When the plurality of battery packs 101 are working, the user can power on the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101 by closing operation, and set the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101 as the master. Then the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101 is powered on through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101, and the battery management system 1013 of the i + 1 th battery pack 101 is powered on through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the i + 1 th battery pack 101, and the battery management system 1013 of the i + 2 th battery pack 101 is powered on through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the i + 2 th battery pack 101, and so on, so that the battery management systems 1013 in the i th battery pack 101 to the N th battery pack 101 are powered on in turn, and start to work. Since the battery management system 1013 in the i + 1 th battery pack 101 to the battery management system 1013 in the N th battery pack 101 all fail to receive the control signal, the battery management system 1013 in the i + 1 th battery pack 101 to the battery management system 1013 in the N th battery pack 101 are all set as slaves. In this way, the user can realize one-key power-on of the plurality of battery packs 101 by operating the first switch unit 1012 in the battery pack 101 where the master is located, which improves the power-on efficiency of the battery pack 101 and shortens the power-on judgment time. Moreover, the master and the slave can be accurately distinguished according to whether the user operates the first switch unit 1012, which reduces the conflict between the master and the slave.

[0133] In actual application, the battery pack 101 where the master is located is the first battery pack 101 in the plurality of battery packs 101, however, the application is not limited thereto. In the case that the first battery pack 101 fails or the like, the user can also operate the first switch unit 1012 in other battery packs 101 according to actual needs, so as to set the battery management system 1013 in the other battery packs 101 as the master.

[0134] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8The first switch unit 1012 includes a double-blade switch 1012b, which includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit. One end of the first switch circuit is connected to the first input end In1 of the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the battery cell 1011. The first switch circuit is used to convert the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 into a power supply signal and transmit it to the first input end In1, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered. The first switch circuit can also be referred to as a power supply circuit. One end of the second switch circuit is connected to the second input end In2 of the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the first input end In1 of the battery management system 1013, specifically connected to the end of the first switch circuit connected to the first input end In1, and then connected to the first input end In1. That is, the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 is divided into two paths, one of which is transmitted to the first input end In1 through the first switch circuit, and the other of which is transmitted to the second input end In2 through the second switch circuit. The second switch circuit is used to convert the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 into a control signal and transmit it to the second input end In2 when the first switch unit 1012 receives the closing operation of the user and is closed, so that the battery management system 1013 sets the local machine as the host. The second switch circuit can also be referred to as a control circuit. In this embodiment, the transmission of the power supply signal and the transmission of the control signal are realized by one double-blade switch 1012b, so that the battery pack 101 has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0135] Continuing to refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the battery pack 101 can also include a voltage conversion unit 1014 connected between the battery management system 1013 and the double-blade switch 1012b, for converting the output voltage of the battery cell 1011. In the case where the battery pack 101 includes the voltage conversion unit 1014, the end of the first switch circuit connected to the first input end In1 is connected to the first input end In1 via the voltage conversion unit 1014, and the end of the second switch circuit connected to the first input end In1 is also connected to the end of the voltage conversion unit 1014 connected to the first input end In1.

[0136] To meet the power demand of the electrical equipment, the voltage output by the battery cell 1011 is usually large. By adding the voltage conversion unit 1014 in the battery pack 101, the voltage output by the battery cell 1011 can be converted into a working voltage suitable for the battery management system 1013, so as to prevent the battery management system 1013 from being damaged due to the excessively large input voltage. In addition, when the output voltage of the battery cell 1011 changes, the voltage conversion unit 1014 can convert the output voltage of the battery cell 1011 into a fixed-size voltage, so as to ensure the stability of the power supply signal and the control signal input to the battery management system 1013. Optionally, the voltage conversion unit 1014 can be a direct current-direct current (DC-DC) converter.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first switch unit 1012 is a self-restoring switch. After the first switch unit 1012 is closed in response to the closing operation of the user, the first switch unit 1012 can automatically restore to the open state. In the case where the first switch unit 1012 is a self-restoring switch, the first switch unit 1012 can further include a switch element 1012a. One end of the switch element 1012a is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1. After the first switch unit 1012 is closed in response to the closing operation of the user, the battery management system 1013 is powered, and thereafter, the battery management system 1013 can control the switch element 1012a to be closed, so that the battery cell 1011 can continue to output the power supply signal to the battery management system 1013 through the closed switch element 1012a, so as to maintain the battery management system 1013 in the working state. Optionally, the switch element 1012a is a relay.

[0138] When the power supply to the battery management system 1013 is not needed, the switch element 1012a can be controlled to be open, so as to disconnect the power supply loop from the battery cell 1011 to the battery management system 1013, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery management system 1013 on the battery cell 1011. Further, in the case where the battery pack 101 includes the voltage conversion unit 1014, one end of the switch element 1012a is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1 through the voltage conversion unit 1014. In this way, when the switch element 1012a is open, the battery cell 1011 can stop outputting the power to the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013, thereby simultaneously reducing the power consumption of the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013 on the battery cell 1011.

[0139] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 8In the embodiment in which the battery pack 101 comprises the second switch unit 1015 and the first switch unit 1012 comprises the switch element 1012a, after the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 is powered, the battery management system 1013 in the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 is located can control the second switch unit 1015 of the battery pack 101 to be disconnected. And the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 can control the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 to be closed. After the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 is closed, the loop between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 is conducted, so that the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 can supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101. Therefore, by controlling the second switch unit 1015 to be disconnected, the embodiment can make the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 only be powered by the battery cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101, avoiding the case that one battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 for a long time, thereby improving the balance between the power of each battery pack 101.

[0140] Referring to Figure 9 , the battery management system 1013 further comprises an external signal input end In3 connected with an external power supply. The external signal input end In3 can be used to transmit the electrical signal output by the external power supply, so that the battery management system 1013 sets itself as the master. If the battery management system 1013 fails to obtain the electrical signal output by the external power supply through the external signal input end In3, the battery management system 1013 sets itself as the slave. Wherein, the external signal input end In3 can comprise a third input end In31 for connecting with the external battery 200; and / or a fourth input end In32 for connecting with the external charging device 300. By setting the external signal input end In3, in addition to manually operating the first switch unit 1012 by the user, the master-slave setting mode can also be set by the external power supply, so that the master-slave setting mode is more flexible.

[0141] The overall flow of the application will be described below in combination with specific circuit diagrams.

[0142] As shown in Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 , there is one double-blade self-restoring switch (i.e. the first switch unit 1012) on each battery pack 101. When the user presses the double-blade self-restoring switch, the self-locking relay (i.e. the switch element 1012a) will be short-circuited, the first switch circuit Figure 10When the double-pole self-recovery switch is pressed (as shown by the short dashed line), the DC-DC converter obtains power supply from the battery, and outputs a 12V or 24V power supply signal to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 (as shown by the long dashed line), so that the battery management system 1013 can obtain power supply and work. Figure 10 When the double-pole self-recovery switch is pressed (as shown by the short dashed line), the DC-DC converter obtains power supply from the battery, and outputs a 12V or 24V power supply signal to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 (as shown by the long dashed line), so that the battery management system 1013 can obtain power supply and work. Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the host controls the start-stop relay of the battery pack in which the host is located to be closed, so that the ignition 1 and the ignition 2 below the host are turned on, and then the ignition 1 and the ignition 2 above the slave 1 are turned on. After the ignition 1 and the ignition 2 above the slave 1 are turned on, the self-locking relay of the slave 1 is short-circuited, the first switch circuit of the slave 1 is turned on, and the battery management system 1013 of the slave 1 obtains power supply. Similar to the operation of the host, after the battery management system 1013 of the slave 1 obtains power supply, the slave 1 controls the start-stop relay of the battery pack 101 in which the slave 1 is located to be closed, so that the self-locking relay of the battery pack in which the slave 2 is located is short-circuited, the first switch circuit of the slave 2 is turned on, and the battery management system 1013 of the slave 2 obtains power supply. Thus, the user only needs to operate the host to make the host obtain power supply, and then the remaining slaves can be controlled to obtain power supply by the previous battery pack 101 connected thereto, so as to realize the function of one-key power-on of multiple battery packs 101, and greatly facilitate the operation of the user.

[0143] Whether the battery management system 1013 is the host or the slave, after the battery management system 1013 obtains power supply and works, the battery management system 1013 outputs a holding signal to the self-locking relay, so that the self-locking relay is closed and kept in the closed state. Thus, when the double-pole self-recovery switch is opened, the circuit in which the self-locking relay is located is turned on, the DC-DC converter can continue to obtain power supply from the battery cell 1011, and the battery management system 1013 can continuously be in the power-on state. When the user presses the double-pole self-recovery switch, the second switch circuit (as shown by the long dashed line) is also turned on, and the 12V or 24V control signal output by the DC-DC converter is given to the second input terminal In2 (i.e., the PWM signal detection port) of the battery management system 1013. The battery management system 1013 detects the 12V or 24V control signal within 3s after power-on, sets itself as the host. For the battery management system 1013 which is not pressed by the double-pole self-recovery switch, the PWM signal detection port of the battery management system 1013 fails to detect the 12V or 24V control signal, and thus the battery management system 1013 sets itself as the slave. Figure 10

[0144] Figure 10 and Figure 11 ​​As shown, each battery pack 101 also has an externally connected 12V power supply 12V-C detection port (i.e. external signal input end In3). When the battery pack 101 is used for the propeller 6021, such as an outboard motor, the outboard motor is equipped with a 12V storage battery 200, which is mainly used to power the ECU, lifting motor, steering motor and other electrical equipment of the outboard motor. When the outboard motor is connected with the battery pack 101, and the outboard motor is powered on, the outboard motor outputs the 12V-C signal provided by the storage battery 200 to the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered on. After the battery management system 1013 is powered on, it is detected that there is a 12V signal input at the 12V-C detection port in the figure, and the battery management system 1013 is set as the master. As for the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 which is not directly connected with the outboard motor, the 12V-C detection port of the battery management system 1013 does not detect the 12V signal, so the battery management system 1013 of this part is set as the slave.

[0145] As shown in FIG. 1, the battery management system 1013 of each battery pack 101 has a first input end In1, a second input end In2, a third input end In3, a first output end Out1, a second output end Out2, and a third output end Out3. The first input end In1 is connected with the first switch unit 1012 of the battery management system 1013, and the second input end In2 is connected with the second switch unit 1014 of the battery management system 1013. The third input end In3 is connected with the third switch unit 1016 of the battery management system 1013. The first output end Out1 is connected with the first switch unit 1012 of the battery management system 1013, the second output end Out2 is connected with the second switch unit 1014 of the battery management system 1013, and the third output end Out3 is connected with the third switch unit 1016 of the battery management system 1013. Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, during charging, the battery pack 101 can be charged without operating the first switch unit 1012. The charger (i.e. the charging device 300 in the foregoing embodiment) only supplies power and communicates with the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto (referred to as directly connected battery pack 101). After the charger is plugged in, the charger outputs an auxiliary 12V power supply to the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto, the battery pack 101 is powered on, and the CHG_P+ detection port (i.e. external signal input end In3) of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 detects the charging auxiliary 12V power supply, and sets itself as the master. As for the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 which is not directly connected with the charger, the CHG_P+ detection port of the battery management system 1013 does not detect the 12V signal, so the battery management system 1013 of this part is set as the slave. By setting multiple master-slave identification modes, different application scenarios can be adapted, and the flexibility of the scheme is improved. For example, in the charging scene, the master-slave can be judged by the input signal of the third input end In31; in the power-on process of each battery management system 1013, the master-slave can be judged by the input signal of the second input end In2.

[0146] Thus, the power-on operation of the plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence and the master-slave setting process are realized. After the master and the slaves are set, the master can send a master message, and the slaves can send a slave message. The number of battery management systems 1013 sending the master message can determine the number of masters. If the number of masters is greater than 1 (for example, the user presses the first switch unit 1012 in the plurality of battery packs 101), a fault prompt can be output. Moreover, the battery pack 101 can also output a high-voltage signal to an external power-consuming device (such as the thruster 6021). If the high-voltage power is not turned on when the fault prompt is output, the high-voltage power is not allowed to be turned on (i.e., the battery pack 101 is prohibited from outputting a high-voltage signal); if the high-voltage power is turned on at this time, the master issues a low-voltage command to the local and all slaves, so that all battery packs 101 turn off the high-voltage (i.e., stop outputting the high-voltage signal).

[0147] In some embodiments, after the battery management system 1013 in the master is powered on, if a power-off signal is detected, the battery management system 1013 in the master can also disconnect the line between the battery cell 1011 in the battery pack 101 where the master is located and the master, so as to power off the master. Referring to Figures 5 to 9 , the power-off signal can be generated by the user operating the first switch unit 1012 in the master, or generated after the charging is completed, or issued by the power-consuming device. Specifically, the battery management system 1013 in the master can disconnect the switch element 1012a in the master, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 of the master and the battery management system 1013 of the master.

[0148] For example, considering that the master plays a role in unified management of the slaves, after the master is powered on, if a power-off signal is detected, the master can first send a shutdown instruction to all slaves, so that each slave disconnects the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located and the slave, and then disconnects the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the master is located and the master, thereby one-key powering off the plurality of battery packs 101, which is beneficial to improve the power-off efficiency. Wherein, each slave can disconnect the switch element 1012a in the battery pack 101 where the slave is located, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located and the slave.

[0149] For example, the user can operate the first switch unit 1012 of the battery pack 101 where the host computer is located, so that the host computer receives a power-off signal. Since the first switch unit 1012 can both power on and power off the battery pack 101, in order to avoid the user pressing the first switch unit 1012 for a long time and causing the battery pack 101 to mistakenly consider the power-on signal as the power-off signal, the host computer controls the master computer and all slave computers to power off after a first time period from power on if a power-off signal is detected. The embodiment realizes the judgment of whether to detect the power-off signal after a certain period of power on, to ensure the accuracy of power off. It can be understood that the first time period can be specifically set according to the actual application scenario, and the embodiment does not make any limitation in this regard. For example, the first time period can be 10s or 20s.

[0150] For example, the power-off signal is an input signal received by the host computer from the second input end In2 thereof. When the host computer is in a working state, the user can operate the first switch unit 1012 to make the first switch unit 1012 closed. When the host computer is in a working state and the first switch unit 1012 is closed due to the closing operation of the user, the battery cell 1011 can output a control signal to the second input end In2, and the second input end In2 transmits the control signal to the battery management system 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 powers off.

[0151] For example, in order to ensure that the slave computer can receive the shutdown instruction sent by the host computer, the host computer can send a shutdown instruction to all slave computers every second time period after detecting the power-off signal, and disconnect the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the master computer is located and the master computer after sending a preset number of shutdown instructions. The embodiment realizes the multiple sending of the shutdown instruction, to ensure that the slave computer can receive the shutdown instruction and perform the power-off operation according to the shutdown instruction, and ensure the accuracy of power off. It can be understood that the second time period and the preset number can be specifically set according to the actual application scenario, and the embodiment does not make any limitation in this regard. For example, the second time period can be 200ms or 250ms; the preset number can be 3 or 5, etc.

[0152] In addition, referring to Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 13After the user manually presses the double-blade self-recovery switch, the battery management system 1013 of the host is powered on, the host closes the start-stop relay of the battery pack 101 where the host is located, so that the self-locking relay of the next battery pack 101 is short-circuited by the ignition 1 and the ignition 2 below the host, the first input end In1 of the slave 1 is powered on, the slave 1 is activated, and the host addresses the slave 1 after the slave 1 is activated. After successfully addressing the slave 1, the host disconnects the start-stop relay of the battery pack 101 where the host is located to stop activating the slave 1. Then, the slave 1 closes the start-stop relay of the battery pack 101 where the slave 1 is located, so that the self-locking relay of the next battery pack 101 is short-circuited by the ignition 1 and the ignition 2 below the slave 1, the first input end In1 of the slave 2 is powered on, the slave 2 is activated, and the host addresses the slave 2 after the slave 2 is activated. In this way, the process is repeated.

[0153] The structure of the battery management system 1013 and the control flow of the first addressing and readdressing will be described below with reference to FIG. 1, Figures 5 to 13 Figure 14 and Figure 15 .

[0154] Figure 14 The process of the first addressing of the battery management system 1013 is shown. The plurality of battery management systems 1013 are connected in sequence, the 0th slave is the host itself, the 1st slave is the battery directly connected to the host, the 2nd slave is the battery directly connected to the 1st slave, and so on.

[0155] For the host:

[0156] First, the battery management system 1013 is powered on (step S41), and the battery management system 1013 determines whether a start signal (for example, a control signal transmitted after the user closes the first switch unit 1012 or an electrical signal output by an external power supply transmitted through the external signal input end In3) is received within a preset time period (for example, 3s) after being powered on (step S42). If yes, the battery management system 1013 sets the host as the host itself, enters the host mode, and sets K=0 (step S43).

[0157] The host activates the K+1th slave through the Kth slave and addresses the K+1th slave. The specific process is as follows: the host sends an activation control signal to the Kth slave, which can be a message for controlling the Kth slave to close the start-stop relay, so that the start-stop relay of the Kth slave is closed and the K+1th slave is activated (step S44). Then, the host sends an address signal of the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave, which can be an address message (step S45). The host determines whether an address response signal (also referred to as an address reply signal) sent by the K+1th slave is received (step S46). The address reply signal can be a reply message. ​

[0158] If the addressing response signal is received, it indicates that the K+1th slave is addressed successfully. If not, it is determined whether the number of times of sending the addressing message reaches a preset number (e.g., 3) (step S47). If not, the process returns to step S44, and the host sends the addressing message of the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave for the second time. Then, the host determines again whether the addressing response signal sent by the K+1th slave is received. If yes, it indicates that the K+1th slave is addressed successfully. If not, the host sends the addressing message of the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave for the third time, and determines for the third time whether the response message (i.e., the addressing response signal) of the K+1th slave is received. If yes, it indicates that the K+1th slave is addressed successfully. If not, the process ends (step S53). After the addressing is completed, the host sends a start-stop relay disconnection message to the Kth slave to disconnect the start-stop relay of the Kth slave, and the K+1th slave is powered by the DC-DC converter in the K+1th slave (step S48).

[0159] The host determines whether the response message of the Kth slave (i.e., the stop activation response signal in the foregoing embodiment) is received (step S49). If yes, the number of slaves K is set to K+1 (step S51), and the number of times of message retransmission is cleared (step S52), and then the host continues to address the next slave. If the determination result of step S49 is no, it is determined whether the number of times of retransmission of the response message reaches a preset number (e.g., 3) (step S50). If not, the host continues to send the start-stop relay disconnection message to the Kth slave until the start-stop relay disconnection response message of the Kth slave is received, or the number of times of sending the start-stop relay disconnection response message of the Kth slave reaches 3, and the process ends (step S53).

[0160] For the slave:

[0161] If the battery management system 1013 does not receive the start-up signal within a preset time period (e.g., 3 s) after power-up, it enters the slave mode (step S54), and determines whether the host addressing message is received (step S55). If not, it enters the single-box mode (step S56). If yes, the address of the slave is obtained, and the response message is sent to the host (step S57).

[0162] After the slave is addressed, the slave needs to assist the addressing of the next slave connected directly to the slave. Therefore, the slave also judges whether a close start-stop relay message is received (step S58), and when the message is received, the slave closes its own start-stop relay to activate the next slave (step S60). Subsequently, the slave also needs to judge whether a disconnect start-stop relay message is received (step S61), and when the message is received, the slave disconnects its own start-stop relay (step S62) and sends a start-stop relay disconnect response message to the master. If the number of times the slave sends the response addressing message reaches a preset number threshold (for example, 3 times) (step S59), or the slave does not receive the disconnect start-stop relay message, the process ends (step S53).

[0163] Figure 15 The process of readdressing is shown.

[0164] During the operation after the addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, a slave signal may be lost due to vibration and environment and the like, and at this time, the slave needs to be readdressed, and if the addressing still fails, the slave is reported to have a communication fault. The process is as follows:

[0165] K = 1;

[0166] The master judges whether a heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

[0167] When the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received, the value of K is increased by 1 (step S72), and at this time, K = 2. The master judges whether K is greater than the number of slaves (step S73);

[0168] If yes, the master continues to judge whether the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

[0169] If no, K is set to 1 (step S74), and the master continues to judge whether the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

[0170] and so on.

[0171] When the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is not received by the master, the master sends a start-stop relay closing message to the K-1th slave (step S75) to activate the Kth slave (if the heartbeat message of the 1st slave is not received by the master, the master directly closes its own start-stop relay to activate the 1st slave);

[0172] The master sends an addressing message to the Kth slave (step S76);

[0173] The master judges whether a response addressing message sent by the Kth slave is received (step S77);

[0174] If the host receives the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, it means that the Kth slave is successfully addressed, and the host sends a disconnect start-stop relay message to the K-1th slave (step S78);

[0175] The host judges whether the start-stop relay disconnect response message sent by the K-1th slave is received (step S79);

[0176] If the host receives the start-stop relay disconnect response message sent by the K-1th slave, the number of times of sending the response addressing message is cleared (step S80), and the process returns to step S71; if the host does not receive the start-stop relay disconnect response message sent by the K-1th slave, the host determines that the communication of the K-1th slave is timed out, and reports a fault (step S83);

[0177] If the host does not receive the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, the host continues to send the addressing message to the Kth slave until the host receives the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, or the number of times of sending the response addressing message reaches a preset number (for example, 10 times) (step S81);

[0178] When the number of times of sending the response addressing message reaches 10 times but the host has not received the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, the host determines that the Kth slave is lost, reports a fault, and ignores the heartbeat message (i.e., the feedback signal) of the slave (step S82).

[0179] In operation, the loss of the slave includes the restart or power failure of any slave, and in the above cases, the host can re-control the power-on of the slave.

[0180] Any message of the slave can be considered as the heartbeat message of the slave, in other words, no additional heartbeat message is needed, and any message sent by the slave can be used to assist the host in determining whether the slave is lost.

[0181] All the battery packs 101 in the application can be powered on to determine the host and the slave while the software and hardware are the same, and the battery management system 1013 is addressed, which not only facilitates the programming of the battery program, but also facilitates the parallel connection of the battery, and improves the efficiency.

[0182] In addition, since the application re-addresses all connected battery management systems 1013, the battery management systems 1013 can be addressed according to the connection order. When a fault occurs in a battery pack 101 where a certain battery management system 1013 is located, the user can directly find the faulty battery pack 101 from multiple battery packs 101 according to the address of the faulty battery management system 1013. For example, if the address of the faulty battery management system 1013 is 3, the user can directly consider that the third battery pack 101 has a fault.

[0183] In addition, the battery pack 101 can solve the problem of slave communication loss caused by poor contact during operation, and readdress the lost slave when the signal is suddenly lost, effectively solving the signal loss caused by contact problems.

[0184] The application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are executed by a processor to implement the addressing method of any embodiment of the application. The computer readable storage medium can be a phase change memory (PRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory or other memory technology, a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, a magnetic cassette tape, a magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0185] For the embodiments of the battery management system 1013, the battery management component 201, the battery pack 101, the battery module 100, the propulsion system 602, and the movable device 600, they basically correspond to the method embodiments, so the relevant parts are described in the method embodiments. The method embodiments and the embodiments of the battery management system 1013, the battery management component 201, the battery pack 101, the battery module 100, the propulsion system 602, and the movable device 600 are complementary to each other.

[0186] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. The term "includes", "contains" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0187] The method and device provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by applying specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed according to the idea of the present application. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An addressing method, characterized by, The application is applied to each battery management system in a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each battery management system can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the battery management system; the addressing method comprises: In the case that the battery management system is a host, a previous battery management system of a target battery management system is controlled to activate the target battery management system, the target battery management system is an unaddressed battery management system; The target battery management system is addressed; The battery pack in which the previous battery management system is located can output a power supply signal to the target battery management system through the previous battery management system, so that the target battery management system is powered on and activated; after the target battery management system is addressed, the method further comprises: The previous battery management system is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system, so that the target battery management system is powered by the battery cell in the battery pack in which the target battery management system is located; Wherein, any one battery management system can be a host or a slave; the battery management system comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end, the first input end and the second input end are connected to the battery cell corresponding to the battery management system through the first switch unit corresponding to the battery management system, respectively, the output end is used to connect the first input end of the next battery management system; when the first switch unit corresponding to any one battery management system receives the closing operation of the user and is closed, the battery cell corresponding to the battery management system outputs a control signal to the second input end of the battery management system, the second input end of the battery management system transmits the control signal to the battery management system, so that the battery management system sets the host as the local machine, and the battery cell corresponding to the battery management system outputs a power supply signal to the first input end of the battery management system, so that the battery management system is powered on.

2. The method of addressing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target battery management system is addressed, comprising: If the activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system is received, the target battery management system is addressed.

3. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, After the target battery management system is addressed, the addressing method further comprises: If the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system is received, it is confirmed that the target battery management system is successfully addressed.

4. The method of addressing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The addressing method further comprises: If the addressing response signal is not received, the step of addressing the target battery management system is returned.

5. The method of addressing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The addressing method further comprises: If the addressing response signal is not received when the number of times of addressing the target battery management system reaches the first preset number of times, a fault prompt is output.

6. The method of addressing according to claim 4, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: If the addressing response signal is received before the number of times of addressing the target battery management system reaches the first preset number of times, the number of times of addressing the target battery management system is cleared.

7. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, After the control of the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system, the addressing method further comprises: if a stop activating response signal sent by the previous battery management system is received, confirming that the previous battery management system successfully stops activating the target battery management system.

8. The method of addressing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The addressing method further comprises: if the stop activating response signal is not received, returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system.

9. The method of addressing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The addressing method further comprises: If the stop activating response signal is not received when the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system reaches a second preset number of times, outputting a fault prompt.

10. The method of addressing according to claim 8, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: If the stop activating response signal is received before the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system reaches the second preset number of times, resetting the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system.

11. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: After successfully addressing the target battery management system, taking a next battery management system of the target battery management system as an updated target battery management system, and returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system of the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system.

12. The method of addressing according to claim 11, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: If the updated target battery management system fails to be successfully addressed, confirming that the original target battery management system is the last slave.

13. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, The address of the target battery management system is determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system in the plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence.

14. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: Judging whether a feedback signal of the target battery management system is received, the feedback signal being used by the master to judge whether the target battery management system is lost; The control of the previous battery management system of the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system comprises: When the feedback signal is not received, controlling the previous battery management system to activate the target battery management system; The addressing of the target battery management system comprises: Readdressing the target battery management system.

15. The method of addressing according to claim 14, wherein, The address of the readdressed target battery management system is the original address of the target battery management system.

16. The method of addressing according to claim 14, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: Updating the target battery management system, and returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system of the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system; If the target battery management system is the last slave, taking the first slave as the updated target battery management system, otherwise, taking a next battery management system of the target battery management system as the updated target battery management system.

17. The method of addressing according to claim 1, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: The control of the previous battery management system of the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system comprises: controlling the previous battery management system to close a switch module between the previous battery management system and the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system.

18. An addressing method, characterized by, The addressing method is applied to each of a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each of which can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the current battery management system; the addressing method comprises: In the case that the current battery management system is a slave, receiving an activation control signal sent by a master; activating a target battery management system in response to the activation control signal, the target battery management system being a next battery management system of the current battery management system; The battery pack in which the current battery management system is located can output a power supply signal to the target battery management system through the current battery management system to activate the target battery management system; after addressing the target battery management system, the method further comprises: receiving a stop activation control signal sent by the master; stopping activating the target battery management system in response to the stop activation control signal; Wherein, any one of the battery management systems can be a master or a slave; the battery management system comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end, the first input end and the second input end are connected to the corresponding battery cell of the battery management system through the corresponding first switch unit of the battery management system, and the output end is used to connect the first input end of the next battery management system; when the corresponding first switch unit of any one of the battery management systems receives a closing operation of the user and is closed, the corresponding battery cell of the battery management system outputs a control signal to the second input end of the battery management system, and the second input end of the battery management system transmits the control signal to the battery management system, so that the battery management system sets the local machine as a master, and the corresponding battery cell of the battery management system outputs a power supply signal to the first input end of the battery management system to make the battery management system powered.

19. The method of addressing according to claim 18, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: sending an activation response signal of the activation control signal to the master.

20. The method of addressing according to claim 18, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: sending a stop activation response signal of the stop activation control signal to the master.

21. The method of addressing according to claim 18, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: After receiving the addressing signal sent by the master, sending an addressing response signal to the master.

22. The method of addressing according to claim 18, wherein, The addressing method further comprises: If no addressing signal sent by the master is received after the current battery management system is powered on, controlling the current battery management system to power off.

23. An addressing method, characterized by, The addressing method is applied to a battery management assembly, the battery management assembly comprising a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each of which can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the current battery management system; the addressing method comprises: The master in the plurality of battery management systems sends an activation control signal to the slave in the plurality of battery management systems; The slave activates a next battery management system of the local machine in response to the activation control signal; The master addresses the next battery management system; The master addresses the next battery management system; The battery pack where the slave machine is located can output a power supply signal to the next battery management system through the slave machine, so that the next battery management system is powered to activate; after the master machine addresses the next battery management system, the method further comprises: The master machine controls the slave machine to stop activating the next battery management system, so that the next battery management system is powered by the cell in the battery pack where the next battery management system is located; Wherein, any one battery management system can be used as a master machine or a slave machine; the battery management system comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end, the first input end and the second input end are connected to the cell corresponding to the battery management system through the first switch unit corresponding to the battery management system respectively, and the output end is used to connect the first input end of the next battery management system; when the first switch unit corresponding to any one battery management system receives the closing operation of the user and is closed, the cell corresponding to the battery management system outputs a control signal to the second input end of the battery management system, and the second input end of the battery management system transmits the control signal to the battery management system, so that the battery management system sets the local machine as a master machine, and the cell corresponding to the battery management system outputs a power supply signal to the first input end of the battery management system, so that the battery management system is powered.

24. A battery management system, comprising: The computer program product comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the addressing method of any one of claims 1 to 22 when executing the computer program.

25. A battery management assembly comprising: The computer program product comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the addressing method of claim 23 when executing the computer program.

26. A battery pack, characterized by The battery pack comprises: The battery management system of claim 24; and The cell is connected with the battery management system.

27. The battery pack of claim 26, wherein, The battery pack further comprises: The battery management system comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; The first input end and the second input end are connected to one end of the first switch unit, and the other end of the first switch unit is connected to the cell, and the output end is used to connect the first input end of the next battery pack connected with the battery pack; The first input end of the battery pack is used to transmit a power supply signal when the first switch unit is closed, so that the battery management system is powered; The second input end is used to transmit a control signal when the first switch unit receives the closing operation of the user and is closed, so that the battery management system sets the local machine as a master machine.

28. The battery pack of claim 27, wherein, The first switch unit of the battery pack comprises a double-pole switch, and the double-pole switch comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; One end of the first switch circuit is connected to the first input end, and the other end is connected to the cell; One end of the second switch circuit is connected to the second input end, and the other end is connected to the first input end of the battery pack.

29. The battery pack of claim 28, wherein, The double-pole switch is a double-pole self-recovery switch, and the first switch unit further comprises a switch element; One end of the switch element is connected to the battery cell, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal.

30. The battery pack of claim 28 or 29, wherein, The battery pack further comprises: A voltage conversion unit connected between the battery management system and the double-pole switch, for converting the output voltage of the battery cell.

31. The battery pack of claim 30, wherein, One end of the first switch circuit connected to the first input terminal is connected to the first input terminal via the voltage conversion unit.

32. The battery pack of claim 27, wherein, The battery pack further comprises: A second switch unit, one end of which is connected to the output terminal, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal of the next battery pack.

33. The battery pack of claim 32, wherein, One end of the second switch unit is connected to one end of the first switch unit of the next battery pack connected to the battery cell, and the other end of the second switch unit is connected to the first input terminal of the next battery pack.

34. The battery pack of claim 27, wherein, The battery management system further comprises: An external signal input terminal for connecting with an external power source.

35. The battery pack of claim 34, wherein, The external signal input terminal comprises: A third input terminal for connecting with an external battery; and / or A fourth input terminal for connecting with an external charging device.

36. A battery module comprising: The battery module comprises: A plurality of battery packs according to any one of claims 26 to 35; or A battery cell and a battery management assembly according to claim 25, wherein the battery cell is connected to the battery management assembly.

37. A propulsion system characterized by, The propulsion system comprises: A propeller; and a battery module according to claim 36, wherein the battery module is connected to the propeller.

38. A mobile device, comprising: The movable device comprises: A movable body; and a propulsion system according to claim 37, wherein the propulsion system is combined with the movable body.

39. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program product, wherein computer instructions stored thereon are executed by a processor to implement the addressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

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