Multi-dimensional grassland ecology rapid restoration method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-dimensional grassland ecology rapid restoration method. The multi-dimensional grassland ecology rapid restoration method comprises the following steps: S1, on-site investigation: comprehensively investigating a grassland needing to be restored, and determining key points and difficulty points of restoration; s2, making a repair scheme: making a detailed repair scheme according to the exploration result; and S3, grassland cleaning, wherein garbage, stones, weeds and the like on the grassland are cleaned, and good conditions are created for follow-up repairing work. According to the multi-dimensional grassland ecology rapid restoration method, microbial restoration and plant restoration are combined, effective comprehensive management is matched, the ecological environment of the grassland can be remarkably improved, soil improvement and water and soil loss treatment are carried out, water and soil loss of restored grassland vegetation can be effectively reduced, and the ecological environment of the grassland is improved. The dense grassland can slow down scouring of rainwater to soil, the root system plays a role in soil fixation, soil erosion and fertility loss are prevented, and grassland vegetation can be recovered through ecological system management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of grassland ecological restoration, and in particular to a multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method. Background Art

[0002] Grassland is land that mainly grows herbs and shrubs and is suitable for the development of animal husbandry. It is the most basic means of production and base for the development of grassland animal husbandry. Under unreasonable use, the process of reverse succession of grassland ecosystems and decline in productivity is called grassland degradation, also known as grassland degradation. The main manifestations are the decline in the height, coverage, yield and quality of grassland vegetation, the deterioration of soil habitats, and the decline in production capacity and ecological functions. Long-term and large-scale grassland degradation not only causes a decline in the productivity of the grassland itself, but also causes the deterioration of the ecological environment and a threat to human survival and development.

[0003] Grassland restoration refers to a series of measures to improve damaged or degraded grasslands and restore them to a healthy and fully functional state. It plays a vital role in the restoration and protection of the ecological environment and is more conducive to sustainable development.

[0004] With the rapid development of domestic animal husbandry, the impact of overgrazing, excessive reclamation and deforestation has become increasingly serious, leading to problems such as desertification and desertification of native grasslands. Especially in high-altitude areas with fragile ecology, the self-repair ability of grasslands after destruction is extremely weak, which seriously affects the local ecological environment and greatly restricts the construction of ecological civilization. The overall grassland restoration process has many interference factors and high uncertainty, resulting in poor overall restoration effects and prolonging the restoration time, which needs to be optimized and improved.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method, which solves the problem of poor grassland restoration effect.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. On-site investigation: Conduct a comprehensive investigation of the grassland to be repaired to determine the key points and difficulties of the restoration;

[0009] S2. Develop a restoration plan: Develop a detailed restoration plan based on the survey results;

[0010] S3. Grassland cleaning: clean up garbage, stones, weeds, etc. on the grass to create good conditions for subsequent restoration work;

[0011] S4. Soil improvement: Take appropriate soil improvement measures according to soil texture and fertility, such as fertilizing and adding soil conditioners to improve soil fertility and water retention capacity;

[0012] S5. Soil and water loss control: On sloping land or areas prone to soil and water loss, build soil and water conservation projects such as terraces and fish scale pits, plant slope protection plants, strengthen the soil, and reduce soil and water loss;

[0013] S6. Vegetation restoration: Select grass species suitable for local climate and soil conditions for sowing or transplanting, and take appropriate maintenance measures, such as watering, fertilizing, and pest and disease control, to ensure the survival rate and growth of vegetation;

[0014] S7. Ecosystem management: formulate scientific grazing plans, control grazing intensity and time, protect wild plants and animals in the grassland, provide them with a suitable living environment, and regularly monitor and evaluate the effects of grassland ecological restoration.

[0015] Preferably, the survey in S1 includes soil type, texture, fertility, existing vegetation types, coverage, growth conditions, and surrounding climate conditions and water source distribution.

[0016] Preferably, in S4, organic fertilizer is applied at a rate of 50-100 kg / mu; the organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of pond mud, 20-30 parts of soybean cake, 10-15 parts of crop straw, and 10-20 parts of rotten fruit.

[0017] Preferably, the animal manure is one or more of chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure or cow manure.

[0018] Preferably, in S4, the soil remediation agent is sprayed at a usage amount of 80-110 kg / mu; the soil conditioner is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-8 parts of sodium alginate, 3-5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3-5 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of potassium humate, 2-4 parts of microbial agent, and 500-800 parts of water.

[0019] Preferably, the microbial agent is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

[0020] Preferably, the grass species in S6 is one or more of Leymus chinensis, Agropyron asiatica, and Elymus salsa.

[0021] Preferably, the S6 sowing adopts broadcasting, row sowing and other methods to sow grass seeds. The seeds can be processed before sowing, such as soaking, disinfection, etc., to improve the germination rate; for some grass seeds that are difficult to propagate by sowing, transplanting can be carried out, and healthy plants can be selected and transplanted with soil to improve the survival rate.

[0022] Preferably, the grazing plan in S7 may adopt rotational grazing, rest grazing and the like to allow the grassland sufficient time to recover, and control the number of livestock to avoid overgrazing; while protecting the wild plants and animals in the grassland in S7, some beneficial insects, birds and the like may be appropriately introduced to promote the balance of the ecosystem.

[0023] Preferably, the S7 regularly monitors and evaluates the effects of grassland ecological restoration, including indicators such as vegetation coverage, soil fertility, and soil erosion conditions, and adjusts restoration measures in a timely manner based on the monitoring results.

[0024] Compared with the related art, the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention provides a multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method. The present invention combines microbial restoration and plant restoration, and cooperates with effective comprehensive management to significantly improve the ecological environment of the grassland. By improving the soil and controlling soil erosion, the restored grassland vegetation can effectively reduce soil erosion. The dense grass can slow down the erosion of soil by rainwater, and the root system plays a role in consolidating the soil, preventing soil erosion and fertility loss. In addition, through ecosystem management, it helps to restore grassland vegetation, increase biodiversity, provide habitats for various animals and plants, and promote the stable and balanced development of the ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. On-site investigation: Conduct a comprehensive investigation of the grassland to be repaired to determine the key points and difficulties of the restoration;

[0031] S2. Develop a restoration plan: Based on the survey results, develop a detailed restoration plan, including restoration objectives, technical measures, implementation steps, time schedule, etc.;

[0032] S3. Grassland cleaning: clean up garbage, stones, weeds, etc. on the grass to create good conditions for subsequent restoration work;

[0033] S4. Soil improvement: Take appropriate soil improvement measures according to soil texture and fertility, such as fertilizing and adding soil conditioners to improve soil fertility and water retention capacity;

[0034] S5. Soil and water loss control: On sloping land or areas prone to soil and water loss, build soil and water conservation projects such as terraces and fish scale pits, plant slope protection plants, strengthen the soil, and reduce soil and water loss;

[0035] S6. Vegetation restoration: Select grass species suitable for local climate and soil conditions for sowing or transplanting, and take appropriate maintenance measures, such as watering, fertilizing, and pest and disease control, to ensure the survival rate and growth of vegetation;

[0036] S7. Ecosystem management: formulate scientific grazing plans, control grazing intensity and time, protect wild plants and animals in the grassland, provide them with a suitable living environment, and regularly monitor and evaluate the effects of grassland ecological restoration.

[0037] The survey in S1 includes soil type, texture, fertility, existing vegetation types, coverage, growth conditions, as well as surrounding climate conditions and water source distribution.

[0038] The soil improvement in step S4 also includes soil testing to understand the soil fertility, pH, texture, etc., so as to improve it in a targeted manner. For poor soil, organic fertilizers such as well-rotted compost and manure can be added to improve soil fertility; for acidic soil, alkaline substances such as lime can be added to neutralize and adjust the soil pH; for soil with poor texture, sand, clay and other substances can be added to improve the soil's air permeability and water retention; for compacted soil, shallow tillage or loosening can be performed to increase soil permeability.

[0039] The water and soil erosion control in step S5 also includes taking measures to control water and soil erosion, such as building terraces, fish scale pits and other water and soil conservation projects. Planting slope protection plants such as Amorpha fruticosa and Hippophae rhamnoides on the edge of grasslands and steep slopes to reduce soil erosion. Reasonable arrangements for grazing and mowing to avoid excessive trampling and damage to the soil.

[0040] In S4, organic fertilizer is applied at a rate of 50-100 kg / mu; the organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of pond mud, 20-30 parts of soybean cake, 10-15 parts of crop straw, and 10-20 parts of rotten fruit.

[0041] Preferably, in S4, organic fertilizer is applied at a rate of 80 kg / mu; the organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of pond mud, 20 parts of soybean cake, 15 parts of crop straw, and 20 parts of rotten fruit.

[0042] The animal excrement is one or more of chicken excrement, pig excrement, sheep excrement or cow excrement.

[0043] In the S4, the soil remediation agent is sprayed at a usage amount of 80-110 kg / mu; the soil improver is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-8 parts of sodium alginate, 3-5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3-5 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of potassium humate, 2-4 parts of microbial agent, and 500-800 parts of water.

[0044] Preferably, in S4, the soil remediation agent is sprayed at a usage amount of 100 kg / mu; the soil conditioner is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of potassium humate, 2 parts of microbial agent, and 500 parts of water.

[0045] The microbial agent is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

[0046] The grass species in S6 are one or more of Leymus chinensis, Agropyron asiatica, and Elymus dahliae.

[0047] The S6 sowing method adopts broadcasting, row sowing and other methods to sow grass seeds. The seeds can be processed before sowing, such as soaking, disinfection, etc., to improve the germination rate; for some grass seeds that are difficult to propagate by sowing, transplanting can be carried out, and healthy plants can be selected and transplanted with soil to improve the survival rate.

[0048] The vegetation restoration in step S6 includes: (1) seed sowing, selecting grass seeds suitable for local climate and soil conditions for sowing. Local grass seeds can be selected to improve adaptability and survival rate. Before sowing, the seeds are treated, such as disinfection, soaking, etc., to improve germination rate. Appropriate sowing methods are used, such as broadcast sowing, drill sowing, spot sowing, etc., and the sowing amount and sowing depth are controlled.

[0049] (2) Transplanting plants. For some plants that are difficult to propagate through seeds, transplanting can be used to restore them. Select healthy and well-growing plants for transplanting, and pay attention to protecting the root system to avoid damage. After transplanting, water and fertilize in time to promote plant growth.

[0050] Develop a reasonable irrigation plan based on the grassland's water needs and precipitation conditions; adopt water-saving measures, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, to reduce waste of water resources; establish a rainwater collection system to use rainwater for grassland irrigation and achieve recycling.

[0051] (3) Enclosure and grazing ban: Enclosure and grazing ban are imposed on severely damaged grasslands to allow them to recover naturally. During the closure period, human interference such as grazing and mowing is prohibited to provide the grasslands with sufficient time to recover.

[0052] The grazing plan in S7 may adopt rotational grazing, rest grazing and other methods to allow the grassland enough time to recover, and control the number of livestock to avoid overgrazing; when protecting wild plants and animals in the grassland in S7, some beneficial insects, birds, etc. may also be appropriately introduced to promote the balance of the ecosystem.

[0053] The S7 regularly monitors and evaluates the effects of grassland ecological restoration, including indicators such as vegetation coverage, soil fertility, and soil erosion conditions, and adjusts restoration measures in a timely manner based on monitoring results.

[0054] The working principle of the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0055] First, conduct a comprehensive survey of the grassland that needs to be repaired to determine the key points and difficulties of the restoration; then, based on the survey results, formulate a detailed restoration plan; then clean up the garbage, stones, weeds, etc. on the grassland to create good conditions for subsequent restoration work; then, according to the soil texture and fertility, take corresponding soil improvement measures, such as fertilization and adding soil conditioners to improve soil fertility and water retention capacity; on sloping land or areas prone to soil erosion, build terraces, fish scale pits and other soil and water conservation projects, plant slope protection plants, strengthen the soil, and reduce soil erosion; then select grass seeds suitable for local climate and soil conditions for sowing or transplanting, and take appropriate maintenance measures, such as watering, fertilizing, and pest and disease control to ensure the survival rate and growth of vegetation; finally, formulate a scientific grazing plan, control grazing intensity and time, protect wild plants and animals in the grassland, provide them with a suitable living environment, and regularly monitor and evaluate the effects of grassland ecological restoration.

[0056] Compared with the related art, the multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0057] Beneficial effects:

[0058] The present invention combines microbial restoration and phytoremediation with effective integrated management to significantly improve the ecological environment of grasslands. By improving the soil and controlling soil erosion, the restored grassland vegetation can effectively reduce soil erosion. The dense grass can slow down the erosion of soil by rainwater, and the root system can consolidate the soil, preventing soil erosion and fertility loss. In addition, through ecosystem management, it helps to restore grassland vegetation, increase biodiversity, provide habitats for various animals and plants, and promote the stability and balanced development of the ecosystem.

[0059] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. On-site investigation: Conduct a comprehensive investigation of the grassland to be repaired to determine the key points and difficulties of the restoration; S2. Develop a restoration plan: Develop a detailed restoration plan based on the survey results; S3. Grassland cleaning: clean up garbage, stones, weeds, etc. on the grass to create good conditions for subsequent restoration work; S4. Soil improvement: Take appropriate soil improvement measures according to soil texture and fertility, such as fertilizing and adding soil conditioners to improve soil fertility and water retention capacity; S5. Soil and water loss control: On sloping land or areas prone to soil and water loss, build soil and water conservation projects such as terraces and fish scale pits, plant slope protection plants, strengthen the soil, and reduce soil and water loss; S6. Vegetation restoration: Select grass species suitable for local climate and soil conditions for sowing or transplanting, and take appropriate maintenance measures, such as watering, fertilizing, and pest and disease control, to ensure the survival rate and growth of vegetation; S7. Ecosystem management: formulate scientific grazing plans, control grazing intensity and time, protect wild plants and animals in the grassland, provide them with a suitable living environment, and regularly monitor and evaluate the effects of grassland ecological restoration.

2. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The survey in S1 includes soil type, texture, fertility, existing vegetation types, coverage, growth conditions, as well as surrounding climate conditions and water source distribution.

3. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S4, organic fertilizer is applied at a rate of 50-100 kg / mu; the organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of pond mud, 20-30 parts of soybean cake, 10-15 parts of crop straw, and 10-20 parts of rotten fruit.

4. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The animal excrement is one or more of chicken excrement, pig excrement, sheep excrement or cow excrement.

5. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the S4, the soil remediation agent is sprayed at a usage amount of 80-110 kg / mu; the soil improver is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-8 parts of sodium alginate, 3-5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3-5 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of potassium humate, 2-4 parts of microbial agent, and 500-800 parts of water.

6. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The microbial agent is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

7. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grass species in S6 are one or more of Leymus chinensis, Agropyron asiatica, and Elymus dahliae.

8. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S6 sowing method adopts broadcasting, row sowing and other methods to sow grass seeds. The seeds can be processed before sowing, such as soaking, disinfection, etc., to improve the germination rate; for some grass seeds that are difficult to propagate by sowing, transplanting can be carried out, and healthy plants can be selected and transplanted with soil to improve the survival rate.

9. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grazing plan in S7 may adopt rotational grazing, rest grazing and other methods to allow the grassland enough time to recover, and control the number of livestock to avoid overgrazing; when protecting wild plants and animals in the grassland in S7, some beneficial insects, birds, etc. may also be appropriately introduced to promote the balance of the ecosystem.

10. The multi-dimensional grassland ecological rapid restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 regularly monitors and evaluates the effects of grassland ecological restoration, including indicators such as vegetation coverage, soil fertility, and soil erosion conditions, and adjusts restoration measures in a timely manner based on monitoring results.

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