An intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures

Abstract

The present invention proposes an intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures, which belongs to the field of marine engineering corrosion protection. In the present invention, the corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection units are designed with simulated neural networks, so that the system has comprehensive, continuous and accurate corrosion monitoring capabilities; the interconnection between the corrosion monitoring units enables information to be quickly transmitted between units, and the multi-link connection loop can process multiple information in parallel, improving the efficiency of information processing; the present invention also uses machine learning algorithms based on the monitored corrosion signals and the regular information of the signals to construct a corrosion evolution law model and a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model, further improving the system's adaptability and pertinence to the corrosion environment; it can autonomously adjust the connection between units according to the model, enhance effective connections, optimize information transmission paths, save computing power and power consumption, and improve the ability to deal with emergencies such as local abnormal corrosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of marine engineering corrosion protection, and in particular relates to an intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures. Background Art

[0002] Corrosion monitoring and protection of offshore wind power is aimed at ensuring that wind power equipment can operate safely and efficiently in harsh marine environments. The current corrosion monitoring technologies mainly include visual inspection, non-destructive testing and electrochemical monitoring. Cathodic protection technologies are mainly divided into impressed current cathodic protection and sacrificial anode cathodic protection technologies.

[0003] Visual inspection is to conduct regular appearance inspections of wind power structures, and evaluate the corrosion situation by observing the coating condition, rust, corrosion products, etc. However, visual inspection is subjective, inefficient, and cannot detect corrosion hidden under the coating or inside the structure. Nondestructive testing uses the propagation characteristics of ultrasound in materials to detect defects and corrosion inside the material, or detects the temperature distribution on the surface of the structure through the principle of infrared thermal imaging to indirectly judge the corrosion situation; electrochemical monitoring evaluates the corrosion state and rate by measuring the electrochemical parameters such as the potential and current of the structure. Although nondestructive testing technology and electrochemical monitoring technology have the advantages of high efficiency and multi-point monitoring, the technology currently lacks linkage and intelligence, and cannot achieve rapid transmission, processing and immediate use of corrosion information. The monitoring system has poor adaptability and fault tolerance.

[0004] Impressed current cathodic protection is to apply cathodic current to the protected structure through an external power supply to make its potential lower than the surrounding environment, thereby preventing corrosion; sacrificial anode cathodic protection is to use metals that are more active than the protected structure, such as zinc and aluminum, as anodes to protect the protected structure through the dissolution of the anode. These two cathodic protection technologies have response lags, lack of intelligence and accuracy, and cannot adjust the cathodic protection current in real time according to the corrosion situation, which can easily cause under-protection and over-protection, and accelerate corrosion damage to the structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, on the one hand, the present invention proposes an intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures, including a corrosion monitoring unit, a cathodic protection unit, a signal processing unit and a central processing unit;

[0006] The corrosion monitoring unit includes a central induction repeater and multiple corrosion sensors at the edge, each corrosion sensor is provided with a cathode protection unit with an impressed current; a chipset is provided in the induction repeater, the chipset is connected to the corrosion sensor via an input line, and is multi-point interconnected with multiple adjacent corrosion monitoring units via an output line to form a simulated neural network;

[0007] The corrosion monitoring unit at the end is connected to the signal processing unit via an input line, the signal processing unit is connected to the central processing unit via an input line, and the central processing unit is connected back to the corrosion monitoring unit at the end via an output line.

[0008] Furthermore, the corrosion monitoring units are laid with corresponding density according to the corrosion risk of the metal structure. The higher the corrosion degree of the area, the higher the laying density of the corrosion monitoring units.

[0009] Further, the cathodic protection unit includes a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a DC power supply;

[0010] The reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are respectively connected to the DC power line through wires, and form an electrochemical loop with the adjacent offshore wind power structure. The adjacent offshore wind power structure is connected to the DC power supply through wires.

[0011] Furthermore, a transmission module, a storage module, a learning module and a stress module are provided in the chipset;

[0012] Wherein, the transmission module is used to transmit the corrosion signal monitored by the corrosion monitoring unit and the cathodic protection instruction fed back by the central processing unit, wherein the corrosion signal includes the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density signal;

[0013] The learning module is used to form a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model according to the change law of the corrosion signal, the linkage law of the corrosion signals of each part, the previous cathodic protection instructions and protection efficiency feedback information;

[0014] The storage module is used to store the monitored corrosion signals and the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical models;

[0015] The stress module is used to start cathodic protection of rated current value according to the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the corrosion sensors is provided with two groups of intersecting comb-couple electrode sheets, and insulating materials are filled between the electrode sheets.

[0017] Furthermore, the electrode sheets include anode electrode sheets and cathode electrode sheets that are cross-arranged, and the space between the anode electrode sheets and the cathode electrode sheets is filled with insulating material.

[0018] Furthermore, the anode electrode sheet is made of the same metal as the offshore wind power structure, and the cathode electrode sheet is made of pure copper.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a method for intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection of offshore wind power structures, comprising the following steps:

[0020] According to the corrosion risk of metal structures in different marine zones, corrosion monitoring units with corresponding density and cathodic protection units corresponding to each corrosion monitoring unit are laid;

[0021] The corrosion sensor in the corrosion monitoring unit monitors the corrosion signal on the surface of the offshore wind power structure, wherein the corrosion signal includes the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density signal;

[0022] The inductive repeater in the corrosion monitoring unit receives the corrosion signal and stores it;

[0023] The signal processing unit obtains a corrosion signal through a corrosion monitoring unit connected thereto, and determines a corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure according to the corrosion signal;

[0024] After obtaining the corrosion rate, the central processing unit analyzes the corrosion degree of each marine zone and implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion parts based on the analysis results.

[0025] Furthermore, the signal processing unit obtains the corrosion signal through the corrosion monitoring unit at the end connected thereto, and determines the corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure according to the corrosion signal, including the following steps:

[0026] Calculate the accumulated electricity based on the corrosion potential and corrosion current density signals;

[0027] The corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure is determined according to the accumulated electricity.

[0028] Furthermore, after obtaining the corrosion rate, the central processor analyzes the corrosion degree of each marine zone, and implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion parts according to the analysis results, including the following steps:

[0029] Analyze and study the monitored corrosion signals, and establish a corrosion evolution law model for multi-zone environments of offshore wind power structures;

[0030] The corrosion evolution law model is used to classify the corrosion degree of the corrosion monitoring units distributed in each zone, and a corresponding cathodic protection instruction is generated according to the classification result and output to the corrosion monitoring unit;

[0031] After the chipset in the corrosion monitoring unit recognizes the cathodic protection instruction, it automatically adjusts the corresponding cathodic protection current to a fixed value, implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion site, and adjusts the magnitude of the impressed current in real time according to the cathodic protection instruction.

[0032] Furthermore, the cathodic protection instruction includes an induction repeater identification code, cathodic protection unit start and close actions, and protection current quota information.

[0033] Furthermore, the corrosion monitoring unit further performs the following steps:

[0034] According to the variation law of the corrosion signal, the linkage law of the corrosion signals of each part, the previous cathodic protection instructions and the protection efficiency feedback information, a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model is formed;

[0035] The local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model is used to adjust the corrosion monitoring frequency, signal transmission path and protection current quota.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] The corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system proposed in the present invention adopts a neural network design. The neural network design of the corrosion monitoring unit enables the system to have comprehensive, continuous and accurate corrosion monitoring capabilities; the interconnection between the corrosion monitoring units enables information to be quickly transmitted between the units, and the complex connection loop can process multiple information in parallel, which improves the efficiency of information processing; through the powerful autonomous learning and training capabilities of the system network, it can autonomously adjust the connection between the units according to the empirical information, enhance the effective connection and weaken the invalid connection, optimize the information transmission path, save computing power and power consumption, and improve the ability to respond to emergencies such as local abnormal corrosion; the present invention also constructs a corrosion evolution law model and a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model based on big data models and machine learning algorithms, further improving the adaptability and pertinence of the system to the corrosive environment; the redundant network connection mode enables information storage to be distributed on the entire network, and also improves the fault tolerance of the system. Even if some units or connections fail, the system can still work normally, call and transmit the stored information, and also increase the robustness of the system, so that it can maintain stable performance in the face of noise and interference. The corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system that has been effectively learned and trained can be directly copied and transplanted to other offshore wind power structures to achieve efficient use of the system.

[0038] By adopting the system of the present invention, long-term continuous, highly adaptable, stable, anti-interference, sensitive and precise monitoring and control of the corrosion and protection of offshore wind power structures can be achieved, corrosion problems can be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner, the service life of offshore wind power structures can be effectively extended, damage and maintenance costs caused by corrosion can be reduced, operational efficiency and safety can be improved, and operators can be helped to timely understand and grasp the health status of equipment, improve operational efficiency, and ensure the safe operation of wind power facilities.

[0039] The corrosion monitoring method based on galvanic corrosion of the present invention can obtain corrosion potential and corrosion current information directly related to the corrosion situation. The material selection and structural optimization of the electrode sheet enable the sensor to sensitively and accurately sense the corrosion electrochemical signal and calculate the corrosion rate.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 2 A detailed structural diagram of a corrosion monitoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a corrosion sensor in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 4 A flow chart showing the method for intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection of offshore wind power structures proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure numerals: 1. offshore wind power structure; 2. corrosion monitoring unit; 3. cathodic protection unit; 4. reference electrode; 5. DC power supply; 6. auxiliary anode; 7. input line; 8. signal processing unit; 9. induction repeater; 10. chipset; 11. transmission module; 12. output line; 13. storage module; 14. learning module; 15. stress module; 16. corrosion sensor; 17. electrode sheet; 18. central processing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structure 1 proposed by the present invention includes a corrosion monitoring unit 2, a cathodic protection unit 3, a signal processing unit 8, a central processor 18, and input lines 7 and output lines 12 between the above units.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the corrosion monitoring unit 2 includes a hexagonal inductive repeater 9 at the center and multiple corrosion sensors 16 at the edge, and each corrosion sensor is provided with a cathode protection unit 3 with an impressed current. The corrosion monitoring unit 2 at the end is connected to the signal processing unit 8 via an input line 7, and the signal processing unit 8 is connected to the central processor 18 via the input line 7, and the central processor 18 is connected back to the corrosion monitoring unit 2 at the end via an output line 12.

[0050] The present invention does not impose any specific limitation on the number of corrosion sensors 16 . In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, three corrosion sensors 16 are disposed in each corrosion monitoring unit 2 .

[0051] The inductive repeater 9 is provided with a chipset 10, which is connected to the corrosion sensor 16 via an input line 7 and is interconnected with three adjacent corrosion monitoring units 2 via an output line 12 to form a simulated neural network. The chipset 10 includes a transmission module 11, a storage module 13, a learning module 14 and a stress module 15.

[0052] The transmission module 11 and the storage module 13 are used to transmit and store the corrosion signal monitored by the corrosion sensor 16, as well as the cathodic protection instruction and protection efficiency feedback information and the corrosion signal previously monitored and recorded by the connected corrosion sensor 16; the corrosion signal includes the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density signal;

[0053] The learning module 14 is used to analyze the changing rules of the above signals, including the frequency of corrosion, the severity of corrosion, the probability of corrosion extremes, and the linkage rules of corrosion signals in various parts, and to form a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model in combination with previous cathodic protection instructions and protection efficiency feedback information.

[0054] The stress module 15 can realize adaptive fine-tuning of the cathodic protection current quota according to the cathodic protection empirical algorithm, and can also instantly start the cathodic protection of the rated current value according to the empirical algorithm when slight corrosion occurs, so as to achieve the effect of rapid response.

[0055] The inductive repeater 9 receives the corrosion signal from the corrosion sensor 16 and, based on the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model of the learning module 14, instantly starts the cathodic protection of the rated current value through the stress module 15. At the same time, the transmission module 11 realizes the rapid transmission of signals between the corrosion monitoring units 2, and stores the data on the entire system network, providing a big data foundation for the adaptive training of the system.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, two groups of intersecting combing galvanic electrode sheets 17 are arranged on each corrosion sensor 16 to reduce signal interference and improve detection sensitivity. The electrode sheets 17 are filled with resin-based insulating materials to play an electrical insulating role. The electrode sheets 17 include anode electrode sheets 17 and cathode electrode sheets 17, wherein the anode electrode sheets 17 are made of the same metal as the offshore wind power structure 1, such as Q345 steel, and the cathode electrode sheets 17 are made of pure Cu. A cathode protection unit 3 for impressed current is arranged at a corresponding position of each corrosion sensor 16, and the cathode protection unit 3 is connected to the chipset 10 on the inductive repeater 9 via an output line 12.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electrode sheets 17 have a width no greater than 2 mm and a spacing no greater than 1 mm.

[0058] The cathodic protection unit 3 includes a reference electrode 4, an auxiliary electrode 6 and a DC power supply 5. The reference electrode 4 and the auxiliary electrode 5 are respectively connected to the DC power line 5 through a wire, and form an electrochemical circuit with the metal of the adjacent offshore wind power structure connected to the DC power supply 5 through a wire, so as to protect the local structural metal corresponding to the corrosion sensor 16. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the reference electrode 4 and the auxiliary electrode 6 are both in a rod shape.

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes an intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection method for offshore wind power structures 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0060] Corrosion monitoring units 2 with corresponding densities and cathodic protection units 3 corresponding to each corrosion monitoring unit 2 are laid according to the corrosion risk of metal structures in different marine zone environments; specifically, corrosion monitoring units with corresponding densities can be laid according to the corrosion risk of metal structures, and the higher the corrosion level in an area, the higher the laying density of corrosion monitoring units.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the corrosion monitoring units 2 may be laid according to the density of the corrosion monitoring units 2 laid in the splash zone > the density of the corrosion monitoring units 2 laid in the tidal range zone > the density of the corrosion monitoring units 2 laid in the full immersion zone > the density of the corrosion monitoring units 2 laid in the atmospheric zone.

[0062] The corrosion sensor 16 in the corrosion monitoring unit 2 monitors the corrosion signal on the surface of the offshore wind power structure, and the corrosion signal includes a corrosion potential and a corrosion current density signal; specifically, after the system is laid and connected, the offshore wind power structure 1 and the system network are subjected to the same coating and anti-corrosion coating measures; when the anti-corrosion material on the surface of the offshore wind power structure 1 is damaged or fails, the solution containing corrosive ions penetrates into the structural metal and the surface of the corrosion sensor 16 adjacent thereto, thereby causing galvanic corrosion between the galvanic electrode sheets 17 on the corrosion sensor 16, and causing changes in the corrosion potential and corrosion current density between the two groups of electrode sheets 17 due to different degrees of corrosion;

[0063] The inductive repeater 9 in the corrosion monitoring unit 2 receives the corrosion signal and stores it; in some corrosion monitoring units 2 that have stored the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model, the cathodic protection of the rated current value can be started based on the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model; specifically, the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model is called by the learning module 14 in the chipset 10, and the stress module 15 immediately starts the cathodic protection of the rated current value. At the same time, the transmission module 11 realizes the rapid transmission of the signal between the corrosion monitoring units 2, and the storage module 13 is used to store the data on the entire system network, providing a big data foundation for the adaptive training of the system;

[0064] The signal processing unit 8 obtains the corrosion signal through the corrosion monitoring unit 2 connected thereto, and determines the corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure according to the corrosion signal; specifically, the signal of each corrosion monitoring unit 2 is finally transmitted to the signal processing unit 8 connected to the terminal corrosion monitoring unit 2 through the system network, and the signal processing unit 8 calculates the accumulated electricity and converts it into the corrosion rate of the structural metal according to the equivalent relationship, and realizes the intuitive visualization of the corrosion potential and corrosion current distribution on the system network;

[0065] After obtaining the corrosion rate, the central processor 18 analyzes the corrosion degree of each marine zone and implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion parts according to the analysis results, specifically including:

[0066] The signal processing unit 8 is connected to the central processor 18 via the input line 7, and the central processor 18 performs systematic analysis and learning on the corrosion signals monitored over a long period of time, and establishes a corrosion evolution law model for the multi-zone environment of the offshore wind power structure;

[0067] According to the corrosion evolution law model, the corrosion degree of the corrosion monitoring units 2 distributed in each zone is graded, and the cathodic protection instructions are formed according to the data analysis and fed back to the system network through the output line 12; for example, according to the corrosion degree of the structural steel, it can be divided into: slight (≤0.05mm / a), moderate (0.05~0.2mm / a), and severe (≥0.2mm / a);

[0068] The chipset 10 on the induction repeater 9 identifies the cathodic protection instruction, and automatically adjusts the corresponding cathodic protection current to a fixed value, implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion parts, and adjusts the size of the applied current in real time according to the instruction. The cathodic protection instruction includes the induction repeater identification code, the cathodic protection unit start and close action and the protection current quota information.

[0069] For example, the central processor 18 collects the corrosion rate data of each zone and each local area of ​​the offshore wind power structural steel monitored during the long-term operation of the whole system, and classifies the currently monitored corrosion situation according to the preset corrosion level threshold. If the central processor 18 identifies that the corrosion rate of a certain part of the structural steel is 0.05mm / a, which is a slight level, it will issue an instruction to start the cathodic protection of the corresponding part and pre-allocate 5mA / m 2 The protection current quota is fed back to the system network through the transmission line. The chipset on the inductive repeater 9 at the corresponding part identifies the corresponding code and implements cathodic protection for the corresponding corrosion area. The corrosion sensor 16 continues to monitor the changes in corrosion signals after the implementation of cathodic protection and transmits them back to each node and terminal of the system network. At the same time, the chipset 10 calls the learning and training experience algorithm to fine-tune the protection current to achieve the best protection efficiency when the current corrosion level has not changed. When the central processor 18 recognizes that the corrosion rate has increased to 0.1mm / a and the corrosion has reached a medium level, it will re-issue instructions to increase the cathodic protection current quota to 10mA / m 2 , the inductive relay 9 achieves the best matching of the protection current through the same process.

[0070] In addition, each system unit in the present invention also performs autonomous learning and training based on the feedback data model and the recorded historical signals, changes the corrosion monitoring frequency, strengthens the effective connection and weakens the invalid connection, optimizes the signal transmission path, optimizes the current distribution mechanism between the three cathodic protection units and the two corrosion monitoring units, realizes precise fine-tuning of the cathodic protection current, saves system computing power and power consumption, and improves emergency handling capabilities. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method is as follows:

[0071] The corrosion monitoring unit 2 monitors and records the corrosion potential and corrosion current density signals, the applied cathodic protection current, the previous cathodic protection instructions and protection efficiency and other data and their historical information on changes and linkage rules. The transmission module 11 on the chipset 10 in each inductive repeater 9 transmits the above information to the entire system network, and the storage module 13 stores this information in each node of the system network. Through the cooperation of the central processor 18, the signal processing unit 8, and the corrosion monitoring unit 2, a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection experience model including corrosion evolution laws, corrosion levels and thresholds, and cathodic protection experience algorithms is established. Based on this, the learning module 14 realizes self-learning and training of the system to improve the adaptability and pertinence of the system. On the one hand, the central processing unit 18 adjusts the monitoring frequency of the corrosion monitoring unit 2 in each area according to the learning and training results of the corrosion occurrence frequency, corrosion severity and corrosion extreme probability of each local area, shortens the monitoring time interval of the corrosion-prone parts, reduces the monitoring frequency of the lightly corroded parts, reduces the occupation of the connection path by the lightly corroded parts, strengthens the unit connection of the heavily corroded parts through self-rational allocation, optimizes the connection and signal transmission path between units while reducing power consumption; on the other hand, according to the cathodic protection quota required for different corrosion degrees and the empirical algorithm of the cathodic protection efficiency achieved, realizes the adaptive allocation of protection current between the cathodic protection units 3 and the corrosion monitoring units 2, reduces the protection current supply of the lightly corroded parts within the fixed cathodic protection current quota, adjusts more quotas to the heavily corroded parts, and realizes precise fine-tuning of the cathodic protection current.

[0072] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures, characterized in that: It includes corrosion monitoring unit, cathodic protection unit, signal processing unit and central processing unit; The corrosion monitoring unit includes a central induction repeater and multiple corrosion sensors at the edge, each corrosion sensor is provided with a cathode protection unit with an impressed current; a chipset is provided in the induction repeater, the chipset is connected to the corrosion sensor via an input line, and is multi-point interconnected with multiple adjacent corrosion monitoring units via an output line to form a simulated neural network; The corrosion monitoring unit at the end is connected to the signal processing unit via an input line, the signal processing unit is connected to the central processing unit via an input line, and the central processing unit is connected back to the corrosion monitoring unit at the end via an output line.

2. The intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The corrosion monitoring units are laid with corresponding density according to the corrosion risk of the metal structure. The higher the corrosion degree of the area, the higher the laying density of the corrosion monitoring units.

3. The intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cathodic protection unit includes a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a DC power supply; The reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are respectively connected to the DC power line through wires, and form an electrochemical loop with the adjacent offshore wind power structure. The adjacent offshore wind power structure is connected to the DC power supply through wires.

4. The intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The chipset is provided with a transmission module, a storage module, a learning module and a stress module; Wherein, the transmission module is used to transmit the corrosion signal monitored by the corrosion monitoring unit and the cathodic protection instruction fed back by the central processing unit, wherein the corrosion signal includes the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density signal; The learning module is used to form a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model according to the change law of the corrosion signal, the linkage law of the corrosion signals of each part, the previous cathodic protection instructions and protection efficiency feedback information; The storage module is used to store the monitored corrosion signals and the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical models; The stress module is used to start cathodic protection of rated current value according to the local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model.

5. The intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two groups of intersecting comb-couple electrode sheets are arranged on each corrosion sensor, and insulating materials are filled between the electrode sheets.

6. The intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system for offshore wind power structures according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The electrode sheets include an anode electrode sheet and a cathode electrode sheet which are cross-arranged, and the space between the anode electrode sheet and the cathode electrode sheet is filled with insulating material.

7. The offshore wind power structure intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The anode electrode sheet is made of the same metal as the offshore wind power structure, and the cathode electrode sheet is made of pure copper.

8. A method for intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection of offshore wind power structures, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the corrosion risk of metal structures in different marine zones, corrosion monitoring units with corresponding density and cathodic protection units corresponding to each corrosion monitoring unit are laid; The corrosion sensor in the corrosion monitoring unit monitors the corrosion signal on the surface of the offshore wind power structure, wherein the corrosion signal includes the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density signal; The inductive repeater in the corrosion monitoring unit receives the corrosion signal and stores it; The signal processing unit obtains a corrosion signal through a corrosion monitoring unit connected thereto, and determines a corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure according to the corrosion signal; After obtaining the corrosion rate, the central processing unit analyzes the corrosion degree of each marine zone and implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion parts based on the analysis results.

9. The offshore wind power structure intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The signal processing unit obtains the corrosion signal through the corrosion monitoring unit at the end connected thereto, and determines the corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure according to the corrosion signal, including the following steps: Calculate the accumulated electricity based on the corrosion potential and corrosion current density signals; The corrosion rate of the offshore wind power structure is determined according to the accumulated electricity.

10. The offshore wind power structure intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After obtaining the corrosion rate, the central processor analyzes the corrosion degree of each marine zone and implements cathodic protection for the corresponding corrosion parts according to the analysis results, including the following steps: Analyze and study the monitored corrosion signals, and establish a corrosion evolution law model for multi-zone environments of offshore wind power structures; The corrosion evolution law model is used to classify the corrosion degree of the corrosion monitoring units distributed in each zone, and a corresponding cathodic protection instruction is generated according to the classification result and output to the corrosion monitoring unit; After the chipset in the corrosion monitoring unit recognizes the cathodic protection instruction, it automatically adjusts the corresponding cathodic protection current to a fixed value, implements cathodic protection on the corresponding corrosion site, and adjusts the magnitude of the impressed current in real time according to the cathodic protection instruction.

11. The offshore wind power structure intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cathodic protection instruction includes an induction repeater identification code, cathodic protection unit on / off action and protection current quota information.

12. The method for intelligent corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection of offshore wind power structures according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The corrosion monitoring unit also performs the following steps: According to the variation law of the corrosion signal, the linkage law of the corrosion signals of each part, the previous cathodic protection instructions and the protection efficiency feedback information, a local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model is formed; The local corrosion monitoring and cathodic protection empirical model is used to adjust the corrosion monitoring frequency, signal transmission path and protection current quota.

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