Energy-saving low-emission biomass fuel boiler

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving low-emission biomass fuel boiler and relates to the technical field of boilers, the boiler comprises a boiler body and a feeding assembly arranged on one side of the boiler body and used for providing biomass fuel, an exhaust port is formed in the top of the boiler body, and a conical guide cover is arranged in the boiler body where the exhaust port is located; the biomass boiler is designed according to existing requirements, the feeding mode is optimized, biomass fuel is looser after entering the boiler body, sufficient combustion is facilitated, automatic hole cleaning can be completed while smoke is filtered, the hole cleaning time does not need to be controlled by a worker, the operation is convenient, the operation is convenient, and the practicability is high. And in addition, kinetic energy of smoke is utilized, the air inlet effect of the boiler body is accelerated, the combustion sufficiency is improved, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, in particular to an energy-saving low-emission biomass fuel boiler. Background Art

[0002] As one of the alternative energy sources, bioenergy technology is gaining more and more attention. Energy plant biomass contains more oxygen and has lower sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emission concentrations after combustion, so the demand for biomass boilers is also higher. After the combustion of biomass boiler, a large amount of flue gas will be generated, and the flue gas will also carry heat. The traditional biomass boiler is directly discharged during use, lacks waste heat recovery, and has a high dust content in the exhaust gas, which pollutes the environment. The existing patent announcement number CN217952352U discloses an energy-saving and efficient biomass boiler. By setting a spiral feeding mechanism to add biomass fuel to the biomass boiler, the loading is very convenient. At the same time, a flue gas dust removal device is set at the rear end of the boiler's exhaust port to remove dust from the exhausted flue gas. The dust-removed flue gas enters the heat exchange water tank through a heat recovery pipe to utilize the waste heat in the flue gas, saving energy. However, the dust removal method here is prone to blockage. Although a scraper is provided, the scraper requires the staff to clean the hole in time. If the staff forgets, it will cause the exhaust position to be blocked. Moreover, the utilization of waste heat here only stays in heat exchange. The exhaust gas contains a lot of kinetic energy. The existing technology lacks the utilization of kinetic energy in the exhaust gas.

[0003] Based on this, energy-saving and low-emission biomass fuel boilers are now available, which can eliminate the disadvantages of existing devices. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving and low-emission biomass fuel boiler to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An energy-saving and low-emission biomass fuel boiler comprises a boiler body and a feeding assembly arranged on one side thereof for providing biomass fuel. An exhaust port is provided at the top position of the boiler body, and a conical guide hood is provided inside the boiler body where the exhaust port is located. The conical guide hood is a conical structure that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top. The conical guide hood is used to block the ejected material to further disperse it and prevent the airflow from carrying away the unburned material. The exhaust port at the upper end of the boiler body is connected to a dust removal box through an exhaust duct, and a cleaning assembly for removing dust is provided inside the dust removal box. The exhaust end of the dust removal box is connected to a heat exchanger, and heat exchange is performed through the heat exchanger to absorb heat in the flue gas. The exhaust end of the heat exchanger is connected to a fixed cylinder, and the other end of the fixed cylinder is connected to a heat preservation hood outside the boiler body, and an exhaust pipe for exhaust is provided on the outside of the heat preservation hood.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solution:

[0008] In the optional scheme: a conical material receiving hopper for collecting materials is provided inside the boiler body, a rotating column is rotatably provided at the lower end of the conical material receiving hopper, a leak plate is provided at the upper end of the rotating column, the leak plate is a hemispherical structure, and the leak holes distributed on its surface can leak the combustion ash, a dust collecting hopper is provided at the lower end of the rotating column, and a collecting cover is provided at the lower end of the dust collecting hopper, a plurality of air inlet ports are distributed at the lower end of the rotating column located outside the boiler body, and an air inlet fan blade is provided at each air inlet port, and the rotating column is connected to an airflow driving member for driving it to rotate.

[0009] In an optional solution: the airflow driving member includes a friction ring arranged on the outside of the rotating column, the lower surface of the friction ring is in friction contact with the friction wheel, the friction wheel is arranged at the end of the transmission shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the first impeller, and the first impeller is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder.

[0010] In an optional solution: a scraping arc plate is mounted on the conical material receiving hopper, and the scraping arc plate is in contact with the upper surface of the leak plate.

[0011] In an optional solution: the cleaning component includes a filter sliding seat slidably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box, the filter sliding seat is provided with a filter for filtering air, the filter sliding seat is connected to a fixed block on the inner wall of the dust removal box via a second spring, the inner wall of the dust removal box is provided with an automatic hole cleaning unit for removing impurities on the filter, and a collection unit is provided on the dust removal box on the left side of the filter sliding seat.

[0012] In an optional scheme: the automatic hole cleaning unit includes a second impeller rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box, a conical connecting block is provided in the middle position of the second impeller, a connecting plate is provided at the end of the conical connecting block, an auxiliary sliding rod is slidably provided on the connecting plate, one end of the auxiliary sliding rod is connected to the end of the cleaning plate, the cleaning plate and the connecting plate are connected by a first spring, a cleaning brush for wiping the surface of the filter is provided on the surface of the cleaning plate, a pressure wheel is rotatably provided at the other end of the cleaning plate, and a plurality of fixed protrusions that generate a driving force for the pressure wheel are distributed on the inner wall of the dust removal box.

[0013] In an optional solution: the collection unit includes a slag discharge channel connected to the bottom of the dust removal box, a throttle plate is slidably provided on the right side of the slag discharge channel, the throttle plate can be used to block the slag discharge channel, and a collection box is detachably provided at the lower end of the slag discharge channel.

[0014] In an optional scheme: the feeding assembly includes a feed port arranged on the upper left side of the boiler body, and a conical feed barrel is provided at the feed port position. The conical feed barrel is a conical structure, which is used to allow biomass to be sprayed out from the conical feed barrel port. The outer end of the conical feed barrel is connected to a conveying auger, and a feeding hopper for feeding is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the conveying auger.

[0015] In the optional scheme: the inner wall of the boiler body where the heat preservation cover is located is provided with a threaded guide plate for gas backflow, so that the flue gas can be evenly distributed

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention is designed according to existing needs and optimizes the feeding method, so that the biomass fuel is looser after entering the boiler body, which is conducive to full combustion. The hole can be automatically cleaned while the flue gas is filtered, and there is no need for personnel to control the timing of hole cleaning. In addition, the kinetic energy of the flue gas is utilized, which accelerates the air intake effect of the boiler body, improves the sufficiency of combustion, and achieves the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0018] 2. The present invention can scrape the leak hole while ensuring the air intake, so as to avoid the biomass fuel from blocking the air intake position, and also ensure that the combustion dust can fall smoothly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the other side of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the second impeller structure of the present invention.

[0024] Notes on figure numbers: boiler body 11, conical feed barrel 12, conveying auger 13, feeding hopper 14, exhaust pipe 15, insulation cover 16, conical receiving hopper 17, friction ring 18, rotating column 19, air intake fan blades 20, dust collecting hopper 21, collecting cover 22, scraper arc plate 23, leak plate 24, friction wheel 25, transmission shaft 26, first impeller 27, fixed barrel 28, slag discharge channel 29, throttle plate 30, heat exchanger 31, first spring 32, auxiliary slide bar 33, conical connecting block 34, second impeller 35, cleaning plate 36, pressure wheel 37, fixed protrusion 38, filter sliding seat 39, second spring 40, dust removal box 41, exhaust duct 42, conical guide cover 43. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the energy-saving low-emission biomass fuel boiler includes a boiler body 11 and a feeding assembly arranged on one side thereof for providing biomass fuel. An exhaust port is arranged at the top of the boiler body 11, and a conical guide cover 43 is arranged inside the boiler body 11 where the exhaust port is located. The conical guide cover 43 is a conical structure with a larger bottom and a smaller top. The conical guide cover 43 is used to block the ejected material to further disperse it and prevent the airflow from carrying away the unburned material. The exhaust port at the upper end of the boiler body 11 is connected to the dust removal box 41 through an exhaust duct 42. A cleaning assembly for removing dust is provided inside the dust removal box 41. The exhaust end of the dust removal box 41 is connected to the heat exchanger 31. Heat exchange is performed through the heat exchanger 31, thereby absorbing heat in the flue gas. The exhaust end of the heat exchanger 31 is communicated with the fixed cylinder 28. The other end of the fixed cylinder 28 is communicated with the heat preservation cover 16 outside the boiler body 11. An exhaust pipe 15 for exhaust is provided outside the heat preservation cover 16. By sending the exhaust gas into the heat preservation cover 16, a heat preservation layer is formed inside the heat preservation cover 16, which helps to reduce the heat loss outside the boiler body 11.

[0027] A conical receiving hopper 17 for collecting materials is provided inside the boiler body 11, a rotating column 19 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the conical receiving hopper 17, a leak plate 24 is provided at the upper end of the rotating column 19, and the leak plate 24 is a hemispherical structure, and the leak holes distributed on its surface can leak the combustion ash, a dust collecting hopper 21 is provided at the lower end of the rotating column 19, and a collecting cover 22 is provided at the lower end of the dust collecting hopper 21, and a plurality of air inlet ports are distributed at the lower end of the rotating column 19 located outside the boiler body 11, and an air inlet blade 20 is provided at each air inlet port position, and the rotating column 19 is connected to an airflow pusher for driving its rotation, and the airflow pusher is used to drive the rotating column 19 to rotate. When the rotating column 19 rotates, the air inlet blade 20 will promote the outside air to enter the boiler body 11, thereby further improving the sufficiency of combustion;

[0028] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the airflow pusher includes a friction ring 18 arranged on the outside of a rotating column 19, the lower surface of the friction ring 18 is in friction contact with a friction wheel 25, the friction wheel 25 is arranged at the end of a transmission shaft 26, the other end of the transmission shaft 26 is connected to a first impeller 27, and the first impeller 27 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of a fixed cylinder 28, so that when the airflow passes through the fixed cylinder 28, it will drive the first impeller 27 to rotate, and the first impeller 27 drives the transmission shaft 26 and the friction wheel 25 to rotate, and the friction force between the friction wheel 25 and the friction ring 18 drives the rotating column 19 to rotate, thereby providing power for the intake air;

[0029] In order to clean the orifice plate 24, a scraper arc plate 23 is mounted on the conical hopper 17. The scraper arc plate 23 is in contact with the upper surface of the orifice plate 24. When the orifice plate 24 rotates, the scraper arc plate 23 scrapes the surface of the orifice plate 24 to cooperate with the air intake, thereby preventing the orifice plate 24 from being blocked, further ensuring the combustion effect.

[0030] In one embodiment, Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning assembly includes a filter sliding seat 39 slidably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box 41, the filter sliding seat 39 is provided with a filter for filtering air, the filter sliding seat 39 is connected to the fixed block on the inner wall of the dust removal box 41 through a second spring 40, the inner wall of the dust removal box 41 is provided with an automatic hole cleaning unit for removing impurities on the filter, and the dust removal box 41 on the left side of the filter sliding seat 39 is provided with a collecting unit to collect the removed dust to avoid dust clogging inside the dust removal box 41;

[0031] The automatic hole cleaning unit includes a second impeller 35 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box 41, a conical connecting block 34 is provided in the middle position of the second impeller 35, a connecting plate is provided at the end of the conical connecting block 34, an auxiliary sliding rod 33 is slidably provided on the connecting plate, one end of the auxiliary sliding rod 33 is connected to the end of a cleaning plate 36, the cleaning plate 36 and the connecting plate are connected by a first spring 32, a cleaning brush for wiping the surface of the filter is provided on the surface of the cleaning plate 36, a pressing wheel 37 is rotatably provided at the other end of the cleaning plate 36, a plurality of fixed protrusions 38 that generate a driving force for the pressing wheel 37 are distributed on the inner wall of the dust removal box 41, and when the airflow passes through the dust removal box 4 1, impurities in the air flow will be filtered by the filter. Driven by the air flow, the second impeller 35 will rotate rapidly, and the second impeller 35 will drive the cleaning plate 36 to rotate. At the beginning, the filter is not blocked, so the cleaning plate 36 is not in contact with the filter at this time. However, when the filter is blocked, the wind resistance generated by the filter increases. Driven by the air flow, the filter and the filter sliding seat 39 will move toward the cleaning plate 36, and the cleaning brush on the surface of the cleaning plate 36 will clean the surface of the filter. Then the wind resistance of the filter and the filter sliding seat 39 will decrease, and the filter will not contact the cleaning plate 36 again. The hole cleaning method here is based on the wind resistance of the filter itself, and there is no need to worry about problems that are not discovered in time.

[0032] When cleaning, the pressing wheel 37 will intermittently apply the force of the manually fixed protrusion 28, so that the cleaning plate 36 and the auxiliary slide bar 33 slide back and forth along the connecting plate, thereby improving the cleaning effect;

[0033] The collecting unit includes a slag discharge channel 29 connected to the bottom of the dust removal box 41. A throttle plate 30 is slidably provided on the right side of the slag discharge channel 29. The throttle plate 30 can be used to block the slag discharge channel 29. A collection box is detachably provided at the lower end of the slag discharge channel 29. When cleaning, the slag discharge channel 29 is blocked by the throttle plate 30, and then the collection box is emptied, so that the operation of the entire device is not affected.

[0034] The feeding assembly includes a feed port arranged on the upper left side of the boiler body 11, and a conical feed barrel 12 is provided at the feed port. The conical feed barrel 12 is a conical structure, which is used to allow biomass to be ejected from the port of the conical feed barrel 12, so that the biomass is in a discrete state, which is convenient for later combustion. The outer end of the conical feed barrel 12 is connected to a conveying auger 13, and a feeding hopper 14 for feeding is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the conveying auger 13, so that the material can be added to the feeding hopper 14, and then transported by the conveying auger 13, and then extruded by the conical feed barrel 12, so that the material is in a ejected state.

[0035] The above embodiment discloses an energy-saving low-emission biomass fuel boiler, wherein, in actual use, the material is added to the hopper 14, and then transported into the boiler body 11 through the conveying auger 13. Under the obstruction of the conical guide cover 43, the biomass fuel will be further dispersed, and ignition is completed through the igniter inside the boiler body 11. Subsequently, the burning flue gas enters the dust removal box 41 along the exhaust duct 42, and the impurities in the airflow will be filtered by the filter. Driven by the airflow, the second impeller 35 will rotate rapidly, and the second impeller 35 will drive the cleaning plate 36 to rotate. At the beginning, the filter is not blocked, so the cleaning plate 36 and The filter screen does not touch, but when the filter screen is blocked, the wind resistance generated by the filter screen increases. Driven by the airflow, the filter screen and the filter screen sliding seat 39 will move toward the cleaning plate 36. The cleaning brush on the surface of the cleaning plate 36 will clean the surface of the filter screen. The purified flue gas will enter the heat exchanger 31 to complete the heat exchange, and finally enter the thermal insulation cover 16, forming a heat insulation layer on the outside of the boiler body 11. Driven by the airflow, the first impeller 27 drives the transmission shaft 26 and the friction wheel 25 to rotate, and the friction between the friction wheel 25 and the friction ring 18 drives the rotating column 19 to rotate, thereby providing power for the intake air and further improving the completeness of combustion.

[0036] The above is only a specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler, comprising a boiler body (11) and a supply assembly arranged on one side thereof for providing biomass fuel, wherein an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the boiler body (11); It is characterized in that A conical guide cover (43) is provided inside the boiler body (11) where the exhaust port is located. The conical guide cover (43) is a conical structure with a larger bottom and a smaller top. The conical guide cover (43) is used to block the ejected materials. The exhaust port at the upper end of the boiler body (11) is connected to a dust removal box (41) through an exhaust duct (42). A cleaning component for removing dust is provided inside the dust removal box (41). The exhaust end of the dust removal box (41) is connected to a heat exchanger (31). The exhaust end of the heat exchanger (31) is communicated with a fixed cylinder (28). The other end of the fixed cylinder (28) is communicated with a heat preservation cover (16) outside the boiler body (11). An exhaust pipe (15) for exhaust is provided outside the heat preservation cover (16).

2. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A conical material receiving hopper (17) for collecting materials is provided inside the boiler body (11), a rotating column (19) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the conical material receiving hopper (17), a leak plate (24) is provided at the upper end of the rotating column (19), the leak plate (24) is a hemispherical structure, and the leak holes distributed on its surface can leak the combustion ash, a dust collection hopper (21) is provided at the lower end of the rotating column (19), and a collection cover (22) is provided at the lower end of the dust collection hopper (21), a plurality of air inlet ports are distributed at the lower end of the rotating column (19) located outside the boiler body (11), and an air inlet fan blade (20) is provided at each air inlet port, and the rotating column (19) is connected to an air flow driving member for driving the rotating column (19).

3. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The airflow pusher comprises a friction ring (18) arranged on the outside of a rotating column (19); the lower surface of the friction ring (18) is in friction contact with a friction wheel (25); the friction wheel (25) is arranged at the end of a transmission shaft (26); the other end of the transmission shaft (26) is connected to a first impeller (27); and the first impeller (27) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of a fixed cylinder (28).

4. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A material scraping arc plate (23) is mounted on the conical material receiving hopper (17), and the material scraping arc plate (23) is in contact with the upper surface of the leakage hole plate (24).

5. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly comprises a filter sliding seat (39) slidably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box (41); a filter for filtering air is arranged on the filter sliding seat (39); the filter sliding seat (39) is connected to a fixed block on the inner wall of the dust removal box (41) via a second spring (40); an automatic hole cleaning unit for removing impurities on the filter is arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box (41); and a collecting unit is arranged on the dust removal box (41) on the left side of the filter sliding seat (39).

6. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic hole cleaning unit comprises a second impeller (35) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the dust removal box (41), a conical connecting block (34) is provided in the middle position of the second impeller (35), a connecting plate is provided at the end of the conical connecting block (34), an auxiliary sliding rod (33) is slidably arranged on the connecting plate, one end of the auxiliary sliding rod (33) is connected to the end of a cleaning plate (36), the cleaning plate (36) and the connecting plate are connected by a first spring (32), and a cleaning brush for wiping the surface of the filter is provided on the surface of the cleaning plate (36).

7. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressing wheel (37) is rotatably provided at the other end of the cleaning plate (36), and a plurality of fixed protrusions (38) for generating a driving force for the pressing wheel (37) are distributed on the inner wall of the dust removal box (41).

8. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collecting unit comprises a slag discharge channel (29) connected to the bottom of the dust removal box (41), a throttle plate (30) is slidably provided on the right side of the slag discharge channel (29), and the slag discharge channel (29) can be blocked by the throttle plate (30), and a collection box is detachably provided at the lower end of the slag discharge channel (29).

9. The energy-saving, low-emission biomass fuel boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the boiler body (11) where the heat preservation cover (16) is located is provided with a threaded guide plate for gas backflow, so that the smoke can be evenly distributed.

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