Dynamic detection method and system for drilling engineering pipeline

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering pipeline detection, and provides a drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method and system.The drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method comprises the steps that S1, a hole is drilled in a preset area of a stratum; s2, a sensing optical fiber is arranged on the outer wall of the casing pipe, and is buried in a drilling well and well cementation is carried out when the casing pipe is installed; s3, a casing head shell is installed at the top end of the surface casing, sensing optical fibers are led out, and the sensing optical fibers between different casings are connected in series or in parallel to be communicated; s4, the sensing optical fiber is connected to an optical fiber monitoring module, the optical fiber monitoring module is connected with a data transmission module, data are transmitted to a data cloud processing center through the data transmission module, and a Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber and a strain signal, a temperature signal and a vibration signal of the detection sleeve are obtained; and S5, the data cloud processing center analyzes and identifies the damage condition of the sleeve according to the received strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal, and sends out an alarm signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering pipeline detection, and in particular relates to a drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] In oil and gas extraction, coal mining grouting, carbon dioxide storage and other projects, casing is mainly used to support the well wall after drilling and completion to ensure the integrity of the borehole and the normal operation of the pipeline during oil and gas extraction, grouting projects, and carbon dioxide storage. It is an important transportation channel for oil, gas, and slurry. The casing installed in the borehole is directly coupled with the formation. With the continuous increase in the depth of oil, gas, coal and other resources, the geological environment is becoming more and more complex. Geological disasters such as increased ground stress and rock bursts pose hidden dangers to the safety of the casing. Casing deformation, fracture and other damage accidents occur from time to time, seriously affecting the normal operation of the project. Therefore, monitoring the deformation, fracture and other damage of the casing is an important indicator to ensure the safe production of oil and gas and the safe construction of grouting projects.

[0003] At present, there is no way to monitor the deformation and damage of casing in real time in oil and gas mining and coal mining grouting projects. Usually, optical imaging logging or acoustic amplitude logging is used to lower the optical camera or wave sensor from the hole to the bottom of the casing at a uniform speed, and the deformation and damage state of the casing is judged by taking pictures (videos) or analyzing the continuity of the cement ring between the casing and the formation by acoustic waves. These two methods have the following problems: 1. Only qualitative detection can be performed, and the deformation and damage of the casing cannot be quantitatively measured; 2. When measuring, the two methods need to open the valve at the top of the casing and place the camera or acoustic wave sensor inside the casing, so the construction needs to be stopped to ensure the safe lowering of the sensor; 3. Both methods can only be tested regularly, and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved; 4. If the casing has been greatly deformed or blocked by foreign objects during measurement, it will prevent the sensor from being lowered smoothly; 5. Optical imaging logging will also be affected by the turbidity of the fluid inside the casing.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-precision, quantitative, remote and real-time dynamic detection method and system that does not affect the normal construction of the project. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for dynamic detection of drilling engineering pipelines, which can detect the deformation and damage of the casing in real time.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for dynamic detection of drilling engineering pipelines, comprising:

[0008] S1. Drilling a hole in a predetermined area of ​​the formation;

[0009] S2, arranging the sensing optical fiber on the outer wall of the casing, burying it in the wellbore and cementing it when the casing is installed;

[0010] S3, installing a casing head shell at the top of the surface casing, leading out the sensing optical fiber, and connecting the sensing optical fibers between different casings in series or in parallel;

[0011] S4, connecting the sensing optical fiber to the optical fiber monitoring module, connecting the optical fiber monitoring module to the data transmission module, transmitting the data to the data cloud processing center through the data transmission module, acquiring the Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber, and detecting the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the casing;

[0012] S5. The data cloud processing center analyzes and identifies the damage of the casing according to the received strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal, and issues an alarm signal.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the vibration signal of the casing monitored by the sensing optical fiber includes a low-frequency signal, a transient high-frequency signal and a long-term broadband signal.

[0014] Preferably, in step S5, the data cloud processing center calculates the deformation of the casing, the location and size of the damage, the fluid leakage rate and pressure at the damage, and the leakage diffusion range based on the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the sensing optical fiber detection casing. At the same time, the displacement of the casing deformation, the water level and the pipeline blockage can also be calculated based on the strain, temperature and vibration signals.

[0015] Preferably, in step S5, the data cloud processing center calculates the size and location of the damage of the casing based on the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal monitored by the sensing optical fiber.

[0016] A drilling engineering pipeline dynamic monitoring system, comprising a sensing optical fiber, an optical fiber monitoring module, a data transmission module and a data cloud processing center arranged outside a casing, wherein the sensing optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber monitoring module, the optical fiber monitoring module is connected to the data transmission module, and the data transmission module transmits data to the data cloud processing center;

[0017] The transmission optical fiber can monitor the vibration, temperature and strain signals of the casing.

[0018] Preferably, the sensing optical fiber is arranged outside the sleeve in a U-shape, a straight line or a spiral shape.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the present invention, the temperature, strain and vibration signals of the casing can be detected through the Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber, and the processing structure is simultaneously transmitted to the cloud processing center, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to effectively and accurately analyze the damage of the casing deformation by monitoring only one signal.

[0021] The detection method of the present invention combines temperature, strain and vibration signals for comprehensive analysis. The data cloud processing center can more accurately analyze and identify the damage of the casing through comprehensive analysis of the above three abnormal signals, avoiding the occurrence of false alarms or missed alarms caused by abnormalities in only one parameter indicator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the engineering pipeline dynamic detection system in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve and the sensing optical fiber in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view of the sleeve and the sensing optical fiber in the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1. data transmission module; 2. optical fiber monitoring module; 3. casing; 4. sensing optical fiber; 5. filling cementing material; 6. formation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In oil and gas development, coal mining grouting, carbon dioxide storage and other projects, the casing 3 is an important medium transportation channel. However, after the casing 3 is deformed, broken or damaged, it seriously affects the normal and safe operation of the project. However, currently in oil and gas development and coal mining grouting projects, there is no effective way to monitor the deformation and damage of the casing 3 in real time. Therefore, this embodiment provides a method and system for real-time dynamic monitoring of the engineering casing 3 with high precision and quantification.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 1-3 As shown, the above-mentioned real-time dynamic monitoring method of the engineering casing 3 includes:

[0035] Drilling, drilling in a predetermined area of ​​the formation 6; in this step, drilling is performed in a predetermined area on the ground, such as at any position in the oil field during oil and gas production and carbon dioxide storage, and the specific position does not affect the real-time monitoring of the casing 3 in the following steps. The distance between each borehole can be determined according to actual monitoring needs.

[0036] The sensing optical fiber 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the casing 3, and buried in the well and cemented when the casing 3 is installed. During the construction process, a drilling rig is used to drill a hole of a predetermined diameter on the ground. When the drilling is completed, the casing 3 is lowered, and the diameter of the casing 3 is smaller than the diameter of the hole. At this time, the optical cable is pasted or fixed on the outer wall of the casing 3 and installed together with the casing 3. When the casing 3 is fully lowered to the specified depth, the cementing material 5 (such as cement) is filled into the gap between the outer wall of the casing 3 and the hole, and the optical cable is also buried between the casing 3 and the hole as the cementing is carried out.

[0037] A casing 3 head shell is installed at the top of the surface casing 3, and the sensing optical fiber 4 is led out, and the sensing optical fibers 4 between different casings 3 are connected in series; the casing 3 head shell is installed at the top of the surface casing 3 to protect the sensing optical fiber 4 at the outlet. At the same time, the sensing optical fibers 4 between different casings 3 are connected in series to monitor the deformation of different casings 3 at the same time.

[0038] The sensing optical fiber 4 is connected to the optical fiber monitoring module 2 and connected to the data transmission module 1, and the data is transmitted to the data cloud processing center through the data transmission module 1, the Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber 4 is obtained, and the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the casing 3 are detected. Through the Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber 4, the temperature, strain and vibration signals of the casing 3 can be detected, and the processing structure is simultaneously transmitted to the cloud processing center. Conventional monitoring methods usually only monitor one signal, such as the conventional DAS monitoring system can only detect the vibration signal of the casing 3, so it is difficult to effectively and accurately analyze the damage of the deformation of the casing 3. The detection method in this embodiment combines multiple parameter data for comprehensive analysis. The deformation and damage of the casing 3 usually cause at least one of the temperature, strain and vibration signals to be abnormal. The data cloud processing center can more accurately analyze and identify the damage of the casing 3 through the comprehensive analysis of the above three abnormal signals, avoiding the occurrence of false alarms or missed alarms caused by only one parameter indicator being abnormal.

[0039] The data transmission module 1 in this embodiment transmits signals wirelessly to the data cloud processing center.

[0040] Preferably, the sensing optical fiber 4 is arranged in a U-shape, a straight line or a spiral shape outside the casing 3. Arranging the sensing optical fiber 4 outside the casing 3 can obtain the working parameters of the casing 3 in real time, so as to monitor and judge whether the casing 3 is deformed or damaged in real time.

[0041] Further preferably, the sensing optical fiber 4 is arranged in a U-shape outside the casing 3. The U-shape arrangement is equivalent to arranging two straight sensing optical fibers 4 outside one casing 3, which can further increase the protection for monitoring the working parameters of the casing 3. Even if one of the sensing optical fibers 4 is broken or damaged, the presence of the other sensing optical fiber 4 will not affect the detection of the casing 3, and prevent the breaking of a single sensing optical fiber 4 during the lowering process of the sensing optical fiber 4, which will cause the casing 3 area at the break to be unable to be measured. At the same time, compared with the spiral arrangement, the construction of the U-shape arrangement is simpler and convenient for the layout of the sensing optical fiber 4.

[0042] The sensing optical fiber 4 in this embodiment selects different types of optical cables according to different needs. The sensing optical fiber 4 is connected to the detection equipment, and the detection equipment is set to receive different physical quantities (such as temperature, vibration, strain) monitored by the sensing optical fiber 4. Through the real-time monitoring system of the sensing optical fiber 4, the strain of the casing 3 (that is, the deformation of the casing 3 can be indirectly calculated through the strain), temperature change and abnormal vibration signal can be quantitatively calculated.

[0043] The sensing optical fiber 4 is a data acquisition sensor that can detect the temperature, deformation and vibration parameters of the casing 3. Specifically, the end of the sensing optical fiber 4 is connected to a measuring device, such as a modem, and the values ​​of the above-mentioned physical quantities are obtained by solving the optical signal in the sensing optical fiber 4. The above-mentioned three parameter values ​​can be directly detected by the modem, and at the same time, the displacement of the deformation of the casing 3, the water level of the casing 3 in the current situation, and the parameters of the pipeline blockage can also be indirectly calculated to indirectly judge the indicators of the damage of the casing 3.

[0044] The data monitored by the sensing optical fiber 4 is transmitted to the data cloud processing center in real time through the data transmission module 1. The data cloud processing center can simultaneously record the temperature, strain and vibration signals, and transmit the processing results to the cloud processing center at the same time. Specifically, the data cloud processing center calculates the deformation of the casing, the location and size of the damage, the fluid leakage rate and pressure at the damage, and the leakage diffusion range based on the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the sensing optical fiber detection casing. At the same time, the displacement of the casing deformation, the water level and the pipeline blockage can also be calculated based on the strain, temperature and vibration signals. In this embodiment, multi-parameter monitoring is adopted to avoid a single indicator from making an accurate judgment on the state of the casing 3. Usually, it is difficult to effectively analyze the deformation and damage of the casing 3 with one signal, and it is necessary to combine multiple data for comprehensive analysis. The deformation and damage of the casing 3 usually causes at least one of the temperature, strain and vibration signals to be abnormal. The cloud processing center can more accurately analyze and identify the damage of the casing 3 through comprehensive analysis of multiple abnormal signals, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by only one indicator abnormal analysis, and when the casing 3 is deformed, it will be impossible to accurately judge the position and amount of the deformation of the casing 3 through only one indicator, which will result in false detection or missed judgment, and the accuracy rate is higher.

[0045] In conventional monitoring methods, the method of detecting whether the casing 3 is damaged by acquiring the backscattered Rayleigh scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber can only monitor the vibration signal of the casing 3. And the measurement method in this embodiment requires stopping the project for detection during measurement. The monitoring method in this embodiment is a non-destructive measurement and does not affect the normal progress of the project. In addition, compared with other conventional methods of investigation or regular inspection, this method can monitor the damage of the casing 3, so that early warning of damage to the casing 3 can be achieved, and the detection of the entire life cycle of the casing 3 from installation to drilling until the casing 3 is abandoned can be achieved.

[0046] The use of the sensing optical fiber 4 has the advantages of high precision, high sensitivity, and anti-electromagnetic interference, and can provide a high-precision, quantitative, remote, real-time, non-destructive casing 3 damage dynamic monitoring method for oil and gas production, grouting engineering, carbon dioxide storage and other related projects.

[0047] In this embodiment, preferably, the abnormal vibration signal generated by the monitoring casing 3 mainly includes a low-frequency signal, a transient high-frequency signal and a long-term broadband signal.

[0048] In this embodiment, quantitative data monitoring and analysis is performed on the casing 3, and then quantitative and accurate analysis is performed on the damaged state of the casing 3. Specifically, while monitoring the vibration signal of the casing 3, the temperature and deformation of the casing 3 are also monitored, and the sensing optical fiber 4 monitors the deformation of the casing 3. Through the vibration frequency, amplitude intensity, strain size, and temperature change of the casing 3, the deformation of the casing 3, the damage position of the casing 3, and the size of the damage or crack generated are obtained, so as to more accurately determine the damage of the casing 3.

[0049] The casing 3 may transport liquid or gas for gas or liquid exploitation.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic detection of drilling engineering pipelines, characterized in that: include: S1, drilling a hole in a predetermined area of ​​the stratum (6); S2, arranging the sensing optical fiber (4) on the outer wall of the casing (3), burying it in the wellbore when the casing (3) is installed, and cementing the well; S3, installing a casing (3) head shell at the top end of the surface casing (3), leading out the sensing optical fiber (4), and connecting the sensing optical fibers (4) between different casings (3) in series or in parallel; S4, connecting the sensing optical fiber (4) to the optical fiber monitoring module (2), the optical fiber monitoring module (2) to the data transmission module (1), transmitting the data to the data cloud processing center through the data transmission module (1), acquiring the Brillouin scattering signal of the sensing optical fiber (4), and detecting the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the casing (3); S5. The data cloud processing center analyzes and identifies the damage of the casing (3) based on the received strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal, and issues an alarm signal.

2. The drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the sensing optical fiber (4) monitors the vibration signal of the casing (3), including a low-frequency signal, a transient high-frequency signal and a long-term broadband signal.

3. The drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, the data cloud processing center calculates the deformation of the casing (3), the location and size of the damage, the fluid leakage rate and pressure at the damage, and the leakage diffusion range based on the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal of the casing (3) detected by the sensing optical fiber (4). At the same time, the displacement of the casing (3), the water level and the pipeline blockage can also be calculated based on the strain, temperature and vibration signals.

4. The drilling engineering pipeline dynamic detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the data cloud processing center calculates the size and location of the damage of the casing (3) based on the strain signal, temperature signal and vibration signal monitored by the sensing optical fiber (4).

5. A drilling engineering pipeline dynamic monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a sensing optical fiber (4) arranged outside a casing (3), an optical fiber monitoring module (2), a data transmission module (1) and a data cloud processing center, wherein the sensing optical fiber (4) is connected to the optical fiber monitoring module (2), the optical fiber monitoring module (2) is connected to the data transmission module (1), and the data transmission module (1) transmits data to the data cloud processing center; The transmission optical fiber is capable of monitoring the vibration, temperature and strain signals of the casing (3).

6. The drilling engineering pipeline dynamic monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensing optical fiber (4) is arranged outside the sleeve (3) in a U-shape, a straight line or a spiral shape.

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