Shear band temperature testing apparatus for soil shearing processes and methods of use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of applying stable shear force to test the strength characteristics of solid materials, in particular to a shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process and a method for using the same. The shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process comprises a shear box (1), characterized in that it further comprises a temperature sensor, a pore water pressure gauge (31), a metal filter screen (32) and a data acquisition instrument (4), the shear box (1) comprises an outer box (11), an inner box (12), an upper disc (13), a lower disc (14), an upper disc screw (15), a lower disc screw (16), an interstitial water pressure tank (17) for visualization container, an inner box fixing screw (18) and a counterforce shaft assembly. The method for using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process is characterized in that the following steps are sequentially implemented: i. setting; ii. shearing; iii. collecting. The present application has high precision measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of applying stable shear force to test the strength properties of solid materials, specifically to a shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing processes and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geological disaster prevention and control research, high-altitude long-distance landslides, due to their large-volume, long-distance movement, constitute a highly destructive natural disaster. Their dynamic processes and environmental impacts have always been a key research focus. The mechanisms of ultra-long-distance movement and the prediction of disaster-causing ranges have become common topics in international geological disaster reduction. The sliding surface of high-altitude long-distance landslides exhibits a complex and variable frictional heating process, and this temperature change process is accompanied by the strength evolution of the soil shear zone. However, due to the ultra-high pressure and rapid undrained shear behavior of the shear zone in high-altitude long-distance landslides, the temperature parameters in this process cannot be obtained using traditional methods. For decades, this field has not made any breakthrough progress, and obtaining frictional heating parameters remains extremely challenging. Currently, there is still a lack of direct and effective methods for testing the temperature changes of the shear zone in this long-distance soil shear process, and methods for obtaining relevant parameters are lacking. Therefore, proposing a quantitative monitoring and characterization method for relevant parameters of frictional heating in the shear zone in the laboratory, thereby promoting research on the frictional heating and drag reduction mechanism of the shear zone through multi-process, multi-field coupling, is of significant scientific importance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention discloses a shear band temperature testing device and its usage method for soil shearing process, providing a device for quantitative monitoring and high-precision measurement of soil temperature and water pressure.

[0004] The present invention achieves its objective through the following technical solution:

[0005] A shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing processes includes a shear box, characterized in that it further includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a pore water pressure gauge, a metal filter, and a data acquisition instrument.

[0006] The shear box includes an outer box, an inner box, an upper plate, a lower plate, upper plate screws, lower plate screws, a groove for gap water pressure in the visible container, inner box fixing screws, and a reaction shaft assembly.

[0007] Both the outer and inner boxes are cylindrical, with the outer box fitting over the inner box. The upper and lower plates are both annular discs, with the upper plate fixed to both the inner and outer boxes by upper plate screws. The reaction shaft assembly includes a reaction shaft and a reaction shaft base. As a whole, the reaction shaft assembly is the system's power unit. The bottom end of the reaction shaft is rotatably mounted on the reaction shaft base via a bearing or bushing. A reaction shaft boss is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft. The bottom end of the reaction shaft passes through the upper plate, outer box, and inner box sequentially from top to bottom before being fixed to the reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft boss is located inside the inner box. The inner box is fixed to the reaction shaft by connecting the reaction shaft boss with the inner box fixing screws. The lower plate is clamped on the reaction shaft base and is fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screws. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box and the inner box are rotatably mounted on the lower plate. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box and the inner box and the top surface of the lower plate are equipped with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The central axes of the outer box, inner box, upper plate, lower plate, and reaction shaft assembly are all coincident.

[0008] Soil samples were placed in the annular space between the outer and inner boxes.

[0009] As a container for long-distance shear testing of soil samples, the shear box can test the long-distance shear behavior of soil samples under conditions of no drainage or drainage shear. It can provide an interface for the connection of temperature sensors and pore water pressure gauges to measure the pore water pressure and temperature of the soil sample shear zone.

[0010] The outer box has through holes on its side wall for inserting the first and second temperature sensors. Both the first and second temperature sensors penetrate the outer side wall of the outer box from the outer side, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor protrudes from the inner side of the outer box to prevent the first temperature sensor from extending too far into the outer box and breaking during the shearing of the soil sample. The temperature probe of the second temperature sensor is located at the midpoint between the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the inner box. Both the first and second temperature sensors form an acute angle with the horizontal plane.

[0011] The first temperature sensor is in direct contact with the shear surface of the soil sample and directly measures the temperature of the shear surface. The first temperature sensor should ensure sufficient wear resistance and be able to sensitively collect temperature data under high pressure. The temperature data of each measuring point is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument after being monitored by the first temperature sensor.

[0012] A pore water pressure gauge is inserted from the top of the inner box, and a metal filter screen is attached to the outer wall of the inner box. The pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge is connected to the metal filter screen through a groove in the visualization container.

[0013] The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the pore water pressure gauge are all connected to the data acquisition instrument via signal lines.

[0014] Furthermore, there are three first temperature sensors, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box;

[0015] Let α be the acute angle formed between the first temperature sensor and the horizontal plane, and β be the acute angle formed between the second temperature sensor and the horizontal plane. Then: 5° < α ≤ 25°, α < β ≤ 35°.

[0016] Both the first and second temperature sensors have sealing lock nuts embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box. Specifically, the sealing lock nuts are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box. The first and second temperature sensors pass through the side wall of the outer box through the respective sealing lock nuts. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box and the sealing lock nuts, and between the sealing lock nuts and the first or second temperature sensors, to ensure the sealing of the outer box and achieve a non-drained environment when the soil sample is sheared over a long distance under high pressure.

[0017] Both the first and second temperature sensors are T-type thermocouples.

[0018] Furthermore, there are three pore water pressure gauges, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box. There are also three metal filters, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box. The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge is connected to a metal filter. The two parts are connected by a visualization container and a pore water pressure groove.

[0019] The method of using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process is characterized by the following steps being performed sequentially:

[0020] i. Settings:

[0021] An outer box is fitted over an inner box. The bottom end of the reaction shaft is rotatably mounted on a reaction shaft base via a bearing or bushing, forming a reaction shaft assembly. A reaction shaft boss is located on the upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft. The bottom end of the reaction shaft passes through the outer box and inner box sequentially from top to bottom and is then fixed to the reaction shaft base, with the reaction shaft boss positioned inside the inner box. The inner box is then fixed to the reaction shaft by connecting the reaction shaft boss to the inner box fixing screws. A lower plate is clamped onto the reaction shaft base and fixed to the reaction shaft base via lower plate screws. The reaction shaft... The base is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The reaction shaft base rotates under the drive of the drive motor, which in turn drives the inner box to rotate, providing power for the shearing of the soil sample. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box and the inner box are rotatably mounted on the lower plate. Rubber rings are provided and silicone grease is applied to the contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of both the outer box and the inner box and the top surface of the lower plate. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box and the inner box can rotate freely on the lower plate to become the shearing failure surface of the soil sample, so that the central axes of the outer box, the inner box, the upper plate, the lower plate and the reaction shaft assembly are all coincident.

[0022] A ring-shaped bottom filter paper is inserted into the annular space between the outer and inner boxes. A soil sample is then placed on the bottom filter paper, and after placement, a ring-shaped top filter paper is placed on top of the soil sample. The upper plate is then fitted onto the reaction shaft and secured to the top surface of the outer and inner boxes using upper plate screws.

[0023] The first temperature sensor penetrates the outer side wall of the outer box from the outer side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor just exits from the inner side wall of the outer box.

[0024] Insert the pore water pressure gauge from the top of the inner box, attach the metal filter screen to the outer wall of the inner box, and connect the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge to the metal filter screen.

[0025] Connect both the first temperature sensor and the pore water pressure gauge to the data acquisition instrument via signal lines;

[0026] The first and second temperature sensors test the room temperature before testing the soil sample temperature to debug the data acquisition program built into the data acquisition instrument.

[0027] ii. Shearing: The upper plate is fixed with a shear arm, and the outer and inner boxes fixed with the upper plate are also fixed with the upper plate. The lower plate is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The lower plate drives the soil sample to rotate, so that the soil sample is subjected to shearing force and is destroyed along the interface between the lower plate and the outer and inner boxes.

[0028] iii. Collection:

[0029] When the soil sample is sheared, the first temperature sensor and the pore water pressure gauge transmit the soil sample's temperature and water pressure data to the data acquisition instrument in real time.

[0030] Stop the drive motor driving the lower plate. After the lower plate stops rotating, immediately insert the second temperature sensor into the outer box from the side wall of the outer box, and set the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box and the outer side wall of the inner box. The second temperature sensor transmits the temperature data of the soil sample after shearing to the data acquisition instrument.

[0031] Furthermore, in step i, there are three first temperature sensors, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box.

[0032] Let α be the acute angle formed between the first temperature sensor and the horizontal plane, and β be the acute angle formed between the second temperature sensor and the horizontal plane. Then: 5° < α ≤ 25°, α < β ≤ 35°.

[0033] Both the first and second temperature sensors have sealing lock nuts embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box. Specifically, the sealing lock nuts are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box, and the first and second temperature sensors pass through the side wall of the outer box through the respective sealing lock nuts. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box and the sealing lock nuts, and between the sealing lock nuts and the first or second temperature sensors.

[0034] Both the first and second temperature sensors are T-type thermocouples.

[0035] Furthermore, in step i, there are three pore water pressure gauges, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box. There are also three metal filters, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box. The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge is connected to one metal filter.

[0036] This invention discloses a device capable of acquiring relevant temperature and water pressure parameters during long-distance undrained shearing of soil samples. When used in conjunction with the power system of a ring shear apparatus, it enables direct contact measurement of temperature changes in the shear zone, filling a gap in indoor experiments for temperature measurement during long-distance shearing of soil samples.

[0037] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. This invention designs a high-pressure undrained temperature testing shear box device adapted to the dynamic loading device of a ring shear apparatus, forming a complete temperature measurement system. It provides an indoor testing method for directly measuring temperature changes in long-distance shear zones of soil samples, enabling quantitative monitoring and characterization of parameters related to frictional heat generation during long-distance shearing of soil samples.

[0039] 2. The shear box system for testing long-distance shear temperature change of soil samples established in this invention ensures a non-drained test environment inside the shear box while enabling high-precision measurement of temperature and soil mechanical parameters.

[0040] 3. The soil sample long-distance shear temperature change testing device established in this invention accurately sets the position of the temperature sensor extending into the soil sample inside the shear box, ensuring that the added temperature sensor will not cause experimental interference to the soil sample shear strength parameters, while minimizing the frictional loss of the temperature sensor caused by soil sample shearing. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a side view of the non-draining shear box described in this invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a top view of the temperature sensor arrangement described in this invention.

[0043] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the pore water pressure sensor structure on the inner box described in this invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the temperature sensor and the data acquisition instrument described in this invention.

[0045] The component names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached diagrams are as follows:

[0046] 1: Clipboard

[0047] 11: Outer box,

[0048] 12: Inner box,

[0049] 13: Upper plate,

[0050] 14: Lower body,

[0051] 15: Upper plate screw,

[0052] 16: Lower plate screw,

[0053] 17: A tank for visualizing the gap water pressure in a container.

[0054] 18: Inner box fixing screws,

[0055] 19: Reaction axis;

[0056] 191: Reaction shaft boss;

[0057] 21: First temperature sensor,

[0058] 22: Second temperature sensor,

[0059] 23: Sealing lock nut,

[0060] 31: Pore water pressure gauge

[0061] 32: Metal filter screen

[0062] 4: Data acquisition device.

[0063] 5: Soil sample. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] A shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing processes includes a shear box 1, a first temperature sensor 21, a second temperature sensor 22, a pore water pressure gauge 31, a metal filter 32, and a data acquisition device 4, as shown in the figure. The specific structure is as follows:

[0067] The shear box 1 includes an outer box 11, an inner box 12, an upper plate 13, a lower plate 14, an upper plate screw 15, a lower plate screw 16, a groove for gap water pressure in a visible container 17, an inner box fixing screw 18, and a reaction shaft assembly.

[0068] Both the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are cylindrical, with the outer box 11 fitted over the inner box 12. The upper plate 13 and the lower plate 14 are both annular discs. The upper plate 13 is fixed to the inner box 12 and the outer box 11 by upper plate screws 15. The reaction shaft assembly includes a reaction shaft 19 and a reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft assembly, as a whole, is the power unit of the system. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 is rotatably mounted on the reaction shaft base via a bearing or bushing. A reaction shaft boss 191 is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft 19. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 passes through the upper plate 13, the outer box 11, and the inner box 12 sequentially from top to bottom before being fixed to the reaction shaft base. A force shaft boss 191 is located inside the inner box 12. The inner box 12 is fixed to the reaction shaft 5 by connecting the reaction shaft boss 191 to the inner box fixing screw 18. The lower plate 14 is clamped onto the reaction shaft base and is fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screw 16. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are rotatably mounted on the lower plate 14. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 and the top surface of the lower plate 14 are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The central axes of the outer box 11, the inner box 12, the upper plate 13, the lower plate 14, and the reaction shaft assembly are all coincident.

[0069] Soil sample 5 was placed in the annular space between outer box 11 and inner box 12;

[0070] The shear box 1 serves as a container for the long-distance shear test of soil sample 5. It can realize the long-distance shear behavior test of soil sample 5 under conditions of no drainage or drainage shear. It can provide an interface for the connection of the first temperature sensor 21, the second temperature sensor 22 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 to measure the pore water pressure and temperature of the shear zone of soil sample 5.

[0071] The outer box 11 has through holes on its side wall for inserting the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 both penetrate the outer side wall of the outer box 11 from the outer side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor 21 just protrudes from the inner side wall of the outer box 11 to prevent the first temperature sensor 21 from extending too far into the outer box 11 and breaking during the shearing process of the soil sample 5. The temperature probe of the second temperature sensor 22 is located at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box 11 and the outer side wall of the inner box 12. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 both form an acute angle with the horizontal plane.

[0072] The first temperature sensor 21 is in direct contact with the shear surface of the soil sample 5 and directly measures the temperature of the shear surface of the soil sample 5. The first temperature sensor 21 should ensure sufficient wear resistance and be able to sensitively collect temperature data under high pressure. The temperature data of each temperature measuring point is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 4 after being monitored by the first temperature sensor 21.

[0073] The second temperature sensor 22 measures the temperature of soil sample 5 after shearing is completed;

[0074] A pore water pressure gauge 31 is inserted from the top of the inner box 12, and a metal filter screen 32 is attached to the outer wall of the inner box 12. The pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to the metal filter screen 32 through the pore water pressure groove 17 of the visualization container.

[0075] The first temperature sensor 21, the second temperature sensor 22, and the pore water pressure gauge 31 are all connected to the data acquisition instrument 4 via signal lines.

[0076] In this embodiment: there are three first temperature sensors 21, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer casing 11; the angle between the first temperature sensor 21 and the horizontal plane is 20°, and the angle between the second temperature sensor 22 and the horizontal plane is 30°. The installation positions of the first temperature sensors 21 are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Figure a, the installation position of the second temperature sensor 22 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in b;

[0077] Both the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 have sealing locking nuts 23 embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box 11. That is, the sealing locking nuts 23 are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box 11. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 pass through the side wall of the outer box 11 through the sealing locking nuts 23 respectively. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box 11 and the sealing locking nuts 23, and between the sealing locking nuts 23 and the first temperature sensor 21 or the second temperature sensor 22, to ensure the sealing of the outer box 12 and achieve a non-drained environment when the soil sample 5 is sheared over a long distance under high pressure.

[0078] Both the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are T-type thermocouples.

[0079] In this embodiment: there are three pore water pressure gauges 31, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12. There are three metal filter screens 32, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12. The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to a metal filter screen 32. The two parts are connected by a visual container with a pore water pressure groove 18.

[0080] When using this embodiment, follow these steps in sequence:

[0081] i. Settings:

[0082] The outer box 11 is fitted over the inner box 12. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 is rotatably mounted on the reaction shaft base via a bearing or bushing to form a reaction shaft assembly. A reaction shaft boss 191 is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft 19. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 passes through the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 sequentially from top to bottom and is then fixed to the reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft boss 191 is positioned inside the inner box 12. The inner box 12 is connected to the reaction shaft boss 191 via inner box fixing screws 18, thereby fixing the inner box 12 to the reaction shaft 5. The lower plate 14 is clamped onto the reaction shaft base and connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base via lower plate screws 16. The reaction shaft base is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The reaction shaft base rotates under the drive of the drive motor, thereby driving the inner box 12 to rotate, providing power for the shearing of the soil sample 5. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are rotatably mounted on the lower plate 14. Rubber rings are provided and silicone grease is applied to the contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 and the top surface of the lower plate 14. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 can rotate freely on the lower plate 14 to become the shearing failure surface of the soil sample 5, so that the central axes of the outer box 11, the inner box 12, the upper plate 13, the lower plate 14 and the reaction shaft assembly are all coincident with each other.

[0083] An annular bottom filter paper is inserted into the annular space between the outer box 11 and the inner box 12. Then, soil sample 5 is placed on the bottom filter paper. After soil sample 5 is placed, an annular top filter paper is placed on top of soil sample 5. The upper plate 13 is then fitted onto the reaction shaft 19 and secured to the top surface of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12. The upper plate 13 is then fixed to the inner box 12 and the outer box 11 using upper plate screws 15.

[0084] The first temperature sensor 21 penetrates the outer side wall of the outer box 11 from the outer side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor 21 just exits from the inner side wall of the outer box 11.

[0085] Insert the pore water pressure gauge 31 from the top of the inner box 12, and attach the metal filter screen 32 to the outer wall of the inner box 12 so that the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to the metal filter screen 32.

[0086] Both the first temperature sensor 21 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 are connected to the data acquisition instrument 4 via signal lines;

[0087] The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 test the room temperature before testing the soil sample 5 to debug the built-in acquisition program of the data acquisition instrument 4.

[0088] In this embodiment:

[0089] There are three first temperature sensors 21, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box 11.

[0090] The first temperature sensor 21 has an angle of 20° with the horizontal plane, and the second temperature sensor 22 has an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.

[0091] Both the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 have sealing locking nuts 23 embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box 11. That is, the sealing locking nuts 23 are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box 11. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 pass through the side wall of the outer box 11 through the sealing locking nuts 23 respectively. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box 11 and the sealing locking nuts 23, and between the sealing locking nuts 23 and the first temperature sensor 21 or the second temperature sensor 22.

[0092] Both the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are T-type thermocouples.

[0093] In this embodiment: there are three pore water pressure gauges 31, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12. There are three metal filter screens 32, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12. The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to a metal filter screen 32.

[0094] ii. Shearing: The upper plate 13 is fixed with a shear arm. The outer box 11 and inner box 12, which are fixed with the upper plate 13, are also fixed with the upper plate 13. The lower plate 14 is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The lower plate 14 drives the soil sample 17 to rotate, so that the soil sample 5 is subjected to shearing force and is destroyed along the interface between the lower plate 14 and the outer box 11 and inner box 12.

[0095] iii. Collection:

[0096] When soil sample 5 is sheared, the first temperature sensor 21 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 transmit the temperature data and water pressure data of soil sample 5 to the data acquisition instrument 4 in real time.

[0097] Stop the drive motor of the lower plate 14. After the lower plate 14 stops rotating, immediately insert the second temperature sensor 22 into the outer box 11 from the side wall of the outer box 11, and set the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor 22 at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box 11 and the outer side wall of the inner box 12. The second temperature sensor 22 transmits the temperature data of the soil sample 5 after shearing to the data acquisition instrument 4.

[0098] This embodiment is a high-pressure undrained temperature-measuring shear box device, which is adapted to the power loading device of the ICL-2 ring shear. Simply install this embodiment on the power loading device of the ICL-2 ring shear and load the soil sample 5, and you can realize long-distance undrained shearing of the soil sample 5 and temperature measurement during the process.

[0099] In this embodiment, the temperature test of the shear zone during the long-distance shearing process of soil sample 5 is of groundbreaking significance for the study of the long-distance movement of the landslide body during the high-altitude long-distance landslide. It realizes the direct, real-time, and dynamic measurement of temperature changes during the long-distance shearing process of the sliding zone, and strengthens the quantitative monitoring and characterization of indoor frictional heat generation parameters.

Claims

1. A shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process, comprising a shear box (1), characterized in that: It also includes a first temperature sensor (21), a second temperature sensor (22), a pore water pressure gauge (31), a metal filter (32), and a data acquisition unit (4). The shear box (1) includes an outer box (11), an inner box (12), an upper plate (13), a lower plate (14), an upper plate screw (15), a lower plate screw (16), a groove for water pressure in the visible container (17), an inner box fixing screw (18), and a reaction shaft assembly. Both the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are cylindrical. The outer box (11) is fitted over the inner box (12). The upper plate (13) and the lower plate (14) are both annular plates. The upper plate (13) is fixed to the inner box (12) and the outer box (11) by upper plate screws (15). The reaction shaft assembly includes a reaction shaft (19) and a reaction shaft base. The bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) is rotatably mounted on the reaction shaft base. The upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft (19) is provided with a reaction shaft boss (191). The bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) passes through the upper plate (13), the outer box (11), and the inner box (12) from top to bottom and is then fixed on the reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft boss (191) is located in the inner box (12). Inside, the inner box (12) is connected to the reaction shaft boss (191) by the inner box fixing screw (18), thereby fixing the inner box (12) to the reaction shaft (19). The lower plate (14) is clamped on the reaction shaft base and is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screw (16). The bottom surfaces of both the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are rotatably mounted on the lower plate (14). The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) and the top surface of the lower plate (14) are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The central axes of the outer box (11), the inner box (12), the upper plate (13), the lower plate (14), and the reaction shaft assembly are all coincident. Soil sample (5) is placed in the annular space between the outer box (11) and the inner box (12); The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) both penetrate the outer side wall of the outer box (11) from the outer side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor (21) just passes through the inner side wall of the outer box (11). The temperature probe of the second temperature sensor (22) is located at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box (11) and the outer side wall of the inner box (12). The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) both form an acute angle with the horizontal plane. A pore water pressure gauge (31) is inserted from the top of the inner box (12), and a metal filter screen (32) is attached to the outer wall of the inner box (12). The pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to the metal filter screen (32) through a pore water pressure groove (17) in a visualization container. The first temperature sensor (21), the second temperature sensor (22), and the pore water pressure gauge (31) are all connected to the data acquisition instrument (4) via signal lines.

2. The shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process as described in claim 1, characterized in that: There are three first temperature sensors (21), and the three first temperature sensors (21) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box (11); Let: the first temperature sensor (21) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor (22) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; Both the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) have sealing locking nuts (23) embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box (11). That is, the sealing locking nuts (23) are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box (11), and the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) pass through the side wall of the outer box (11) through the sealing locking nuts (23) respectively. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box (11) and the sealing locking nuts (23), and between the sealing locking nuts (23) and the first temperature sensor (21) or the second temperature sensor (22). Both the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are T-type thermocouples.

3. The shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process as described in claim 2, characterized in that: There are three pore water pressure gauges (31), which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). There are three metal filters (32), which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to a metal filter (32). The two parts are connected by a visual container with a pore water pressure groove (17).

4. The method of using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Follow these steps in sequence: i. Settings: The outer box (11) is fitted over the inner box (12). The bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) is rotatably mounted on the reaction shaft base to form a reaction shaft assembly. A reaction shaft boss (191) is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the reaction shaft (19). The bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) is passed through the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) from top to bottom and then fixed on the reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft boss (191) is placed inside the inner box (12). The inner box (12) is connected to the reaction shaft boss (191) by the inner box fixing screw (18) to fix the inner box (12) on the reaction shaft (19). The lower... The disc (14) is clamped on the reaction shaft base and the lower disc (14) is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower disc screw (16). The reaction shaft base is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are rotatably mounted on the lower disc (14). Rubber rings are provided and silicone grease is applied to the contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) and the top surface of the lower disc (14). The central axes of the five components, namely the outer box (11), the inner box (12), the upper disc (13), the lower disc (14) and the reaction shaft assembly, are all coincident. An annular bottom filter paper is placed in the annular space between the outer box (11) and the inner box (12), and then a soil sample (5) is placed on the bottom filter paper. After the soil sample (5) is placed, an annular top filter paper is placed on top of the soil sample (5). The upper plate (13) is fitted into the reaction shaft (19) and then clamped to the outside of the top surface of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12). The upper plate (13) is fixed to the inner box (12) and the outer box (11) by the upper plate screws (15). The first temperature sensor (21) penetrates the outer side wall of the outer box (11) from the outer side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor (21) just passes through the inner side wall of the outer box (11); Insert the pore water pressure gauge (31) from the top of the inner box (12), attach the metal filter screen (32) to the outer wall of the inner box (12), and connect the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge (31) to the metal filter screen (32). The first temperature sensor (21) and the pore water pressure gauge (31) are both connected to the data acquisition instrument (4) via signal lines; The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) test the room temperature before testing the soil sample (5) to debug the built-in acquisition program of the data acquisition instrument (4); ii. Shearing: The upper plate (13) is fixed with a shear arm. The outer box (11) and inner box (12) fixed with the upper plate (13) are also fixed with the upper plate (13). The lower plate (14) is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The lower plate (14) drives the soil sample (5) to rotate, so that the soil sample (5) is subjected to shearing force and is destroyed along the interface between the lower plate (14) and the outer box (11) and inner box (12). iii. Collection: When the soil sample (5) is sheared, the first temperature sensor (21) and the pore water pressure gauge (31) transmit the temperature data and water pressure data of the soil sample (5) to the data acquisition instrument (4) in real time; Stop the drive motor of the lower plate (14). After the lower plate (14) stops rotating, immediately insert the second temperature sensor (22) into the outer box (11) from the side wall of the outer box (11), and set the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor (22) at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box (11) and the outer side wall of the inner box (12). The second temperature sensor (22) transmits the temperature data of the soil sample (5) after shearing to the data acquisition instrument (4).

5. The method of using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In the i-th step, there are three first temperature sensors (21), and the three first temperature sensors (21) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box (11); Let: the first temperature sensor (21) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor (22) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; Both the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) have sealing locking nuts (23) embedded where they pass through the side wall of the outer box (11). That is, the sealing locking nuts (23) are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box (11), and the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) pass through the side wall of the outer box (11) through the sealing locking nuts (23) respectively. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box (11) and the sealing locking nuts (23), and between the sealing locking nuts (23) and the first temperature sensor (21) or the second temperature sensor (22). Both the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are T-type thermocouples.

6. The method of using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process as described in claim 5, characterized in that: In step i, there are three pore water pressure gauges (31), which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). There are three metal filters (32), which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to a metal filter (32).

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