LCD panel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display panel comprising an array substrate and an opposing substrate. The opposing substrate comprises a second substrate, a spacer, and a transition layer. The spacer is disposed on a side of the second substrate proximate to the array substrate, and the transition layer at least partially covers a side of the spacer proximate to the array substrate. The hardness of the first alignment layer of the array substrate is less than that of the spacer; the hardness of the transition layer is less than that of the spacer. By providing a transition layer having a harder hardness than that of the spacer, the present invention reduces wear of the first alignment layer when the transition layer slides relative to the first alignment layer, thereby reducing the risk of display anomalies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal display panel. Background Art

[0002] During conventional mechanical testing, large external forces are usually applied to the LCD panel. Since the surface of the spacer on the color filter substrate side facing the array substrate is covered with a very thin alignment layer, the alignment layer will wear out under the pressure of external forces, exposing the spacer, causing the spacer to slide directly against the alignment layer on the array substrate side. Under harsh testing conditions, the alignment layer on the array substrate side will wear very severely, resulting in observable image abnormalities.

[0003] During the research and practice of the prior art, the inventors of this application discovered that since the hardness of the spacer is much greater than that of the alignment layer on the array substrate side, when the two slide relative to each other, the alignment layer with lower hardness is worn to a greater extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal display panel, which can reduce the degree of wear of the first alignment layer on the array substrate side, thereby reducing the risk of abnormal display images.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal display panel, comprising:

[0006] An array substrate comprises a first substrate and a first alignment layer, wherein the first alignment layer is provided on the first substrate;

[0007] an opposite substrate, disposed on the array substrate, comprising a second substrate, a spacer, and a transition layer, wherein the spacer is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate, and at least a portion of the transition layer covers a side of the spacer close to the array substrate, wherein the hardness of the first alignment layer is less than that of the spacer;

[0008] Wherein, the hardness of the transition layer is less than the hardness of the spacer.

[0009] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer is greater than the hardness of the first alignment layer.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer is equal to the hardness of the first alignment layer.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer is less than the hardness of the first alignment layer.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the transition layer is a flat layer, and the transition layer covers a side of the spacer close to the array substrate and covers a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the transition layer corresponding to the spacer has a concave-convex structure.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the transition layer corresponding to the spacer has a recessed portion, and a periphery of the recessed portion is closed.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of a portion of the transition layer corresponding to the spacer is greater than the thickness of the first alignment layer.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the counter substrate further includes a second alignment layer, the second alignment layer covers a side of the transition layer close to the array substrate, and the material of the second alignment layer is the same as that of the first alignment layer;

[0017] The second alignment layer includes a first portion and a second portion connected to each other, the first portion corresponds to and covers the spacer, and the second portion is located at the periphery of the spacer;

[0018] The thickness of the first portion is smaller than the thickness of the second portion.

[0019] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the spacer has a slope angle, and the slope angle is between 30 degrees and 75 degrees.

[0020] The liquid crystal display panel of the embodiment of the present application includes an array substrate and an opposing substrate, the opposing substrate includes a second substrate, a spacer and a transition layer, the spacer is arranged on a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate, at least a portion of the transition layer covers a side of the spacer close to the array substrate, the hardness of the first alignment layer of the array substrate is less than the hardness of the spacer; the hardness of the transition layer is less than the hardness of the spacer.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a transition layer with a hardness lower than that of the spacer, when the transition layer slides relative to the first alignment layer, the degree of wear of the first alignment layer can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of abnormal display images. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is another structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is another structural diagram of the liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. In this application, the various embodiments can be combined with each other but will not be repeated one by one. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device; the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only as labels and do not impose numerical requirements or establish an order.

[0027] The embodiments of the present application provide a liquid crystal display panel, which is described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments does not limit the preferred order of the embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 The LCD panel 100 shown is based on a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) technology drive architecture, but is not limited thereto. For example, the LCD panel 100 may be based on an In-Plane Switching (IPS) technology drive architecture, a Vertical Alignment (VA) technology drive architecture, or a Twisted Nematic (TN) technology drive architecture, etc.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal display panel 100 , which includes an array substrate 10 , an opposing substrate 20 disposed on the array substrate 10 , and liquid crystal disposed between the array substrate 10 and the opposing substrate 20 .

[0030] Optionally, the array substrate 10 includes a first substrate 11 and a first alignment layer 12 , and the first alignment layer 12 is disposed on the first substrate 11 .

[0031] The counter substrate 20 includes a second substrate 21, a spacer 22, and a transition layer 23. The spacer 22 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 21 that is close to the array substrate 10. At least a portion of the transition layer 23 covers the side of the spacer 22 that is close to the array substrate 10. The hardness of the first alignment layer 12 is less than that of the spacer 22.

[0032] The hardness of the transition layer 23 is smaller than that of the spacer 22 .

[0033] It should be understood that in existing LCD panels, although some alignment layer material remains on the spacers, due to the height and steep slope of the spacers, the thickness of the remaining alignment film material is approximately 30% to 40% of that of the remaining area. Since the thickness of the alignment film is generally less than or equal to 0.1 micron, the alignment film material remaining on the spacers is at most 0.04 micron. Because the alignment film material on the spacers is extremely thin, when the LCD panel is subjected to external force or collision, such as mechanical testing, the extremely thin alignment film material will be quickly worn away, exposing the spacers. During subsequent external force compression or collision, the exposed spacers will then experience relative sliding friction with the alignment film on the array substrate side. Because the hardness of the spacers is much greater than that of the alignment film, the alignment film will be significantly worn away during this relative sliding friction. On the one hand, this will cause alignment anomalies, resulting in abnormal liquid crystal deflection and, in turn, display anomalies. On the other hand, the worn-away alignment film debris will be dispersed in the liquid crystal, also causing display anomalies.

[0034] Among them, the liquid crystal display panel 100 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a transition layer 23 with a hardness less than that of the spacer 22. When the transition layer 23 slides and rubs against the first alignment layer 12, the hardness of the transition layer 23 is relatively small, so the degree of wear of the first alignment layer 12 can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of abnormal display images.

[0035] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of a portion of the transition layer 23 corresponding to the spacer 22 is greater than the thickness of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0036] It is understandable that the portion of the transition layer 23 corresponding to the spacer 22 has a greater thickness, which can reduce the risk of the transition layer 23 being worn away and exposing the spacer 22 , thereby reducing the degree of wear of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1The array substrate 10 further includes a thin film transistor (TFT), a pixel electrode (PIX), and a common electrode (COM). The TFT is connected to the pixel electrode (PIX), and the common electrode (COM) and the pixel electrode (PIX) are arranged in different layers. The common electrode (COM) and the pixel electrode (PIX) are connected to different voltages to form an electric field, which causes the liquid crystal to deflect under the action of the electric field, thereby realizing the display function.

[0038] Optionally, the thin film transistor TFT is a bottom gate transistor, but is not limited thereto, and can be, for example, a top gate transistor, a double gate transistor, or a vertical transistor.

[0039] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the thin film transistor (TFT) includes a gate electrode (G01), an active layer (P01), a source electrode (S01), and a drain electrode (D01). The gate electrode (G01) is disposed on a first substrate (11). A gate insulating layer (G1) covers the gate electrode (G01). The active layer (P01) is disposed on the gate insulating layer (G1). The source electrode (S01) is connected to one side of the active layer (P01), and the drain electrode (D01) is connected to the other side of the active layer (P01). The drain electrode (D01) is connected to the pixel electrode (Pix).

[0040] Optionally, the array substrate 10 further includes a passivation layer 13, which covers the source electrode s01, the drain electrode d01 and the pixel electrode pix. The common electrode com is disposed on the passivation layer 13. The first alignment layer 12 covers the passivation layer 13 and the common electrode com.

[0041] It is important to understand that Figure 1 What is shown is only one embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the structure of the thin film transistor tft, the film layer positions of the pixel electrode pix and the common electrode com can be adjusted according to actual conditions as long as the FFS structure is satisfied.

[0042] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 The counter substrate 20 further includes a black matrix layer bm and a color filter layer cf. The black matrix layer bm is disposed on the side of the second underlay 21 closest to the array substrate 10. The black matrix layer bm has multiple openings defined therein, and the color filter layer cf is disposed within these openings. Spacers 22 are disposed on the side of the black matrix layer bm closest to the array substrate 10.

[0043] It is understandable that the color filter layer cf may not only be provided on the counter substrate 20 , but in some embodiments, the color filter layer cf may also be integrated on the array substrate 10 .

[0044] Optionally, the color filter layer cf includes a red color resist, a green color resist and a blue color resist.

[0045] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of the liquid crystal display panel 100, the counter substrate 20 further includes a planar layer pn covering the black matrix layer bm and the color filter layer cf. Spacers 22 are provided on a side of the planar layer pn close to the array substrate 10.

[0046] Optional, please refer to Figure 1 In one or more embodiments of the liquid crystal display panel 100 of the present application, the transition layer 23 may cover the surface of the spacers 22 but not the area outside the spacers 22 to reduce light loss, but is not limited thereto. For example, the transition layer 23 may be laid across the entire surface, covering not only the surface of the spacers 22 but also the surface of the planar layer pn, thereby reducing the need for photomasks.

[0047] Optionally, if the transition layer 23 covers the surface of the spacer 22 and is located in the area of ​​the black matrix layer bm, the material of the transition layer 23 can be a light-transmitting material or a light-shielding material. If the transition layer 23 is laid on the entire surface, the material of the transition layer 23 is a highly light-transmitting material.

[0048] Optionally, the material of the planar layer pn includes but is not limited to organic compounds, such as transparent photoresist, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin or polyimide resin.

[0049] Optionally, the thickness of the planar layer pn is between 1.5 microns and 2.5 microns, for example, 1.5 microns, 1.6 microns, 1.7 microns, 1.8 microns, 1.9 microns, 2.0 microns, 2.1 microns, 2.2 microns, 2.3 microns, 2.4 microns or 2.5 microns.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the opposing substrate 20 further includes a second alignment layer 24 , which covers the side of the transition layer 23 close to the array substrate 10 , and the material of the second alignment layer 24 is the same as that of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0051] The second alignment layer 24 includes a first portion 241 and a second portion 242 connected to each other. The first portion 241 corresponds to and covers the spacer 22, and the second portion 242 is located at the periphery of the spacer 22. The thickness of the first portion 241 is smaller than that of the second portion 242.

[0052] It is understood that the first alignment layer 12 and the second alignment layer 24 are made of the same material, which allows them to have similar hardness. Furthermore, because the material forming the second alignment layer 24 is fluid, the material on the spacer 22 flows to other areas and becomes thinner, resulting in the thickness of the first portion 241 being smaller than the thickness of the second portion 242.

[0053] Optionally, the materials of the first alignment layer 12 and the second alignment layer 24 may be polyimide, but are not limited thereto.

[0054] Optionally, the thickness of the second portion 242 of the second alignment layer 24 is between 0.065 microns and 0.1 microns, for example, it can be 0.065 microns, 0.07 microns, 0.08 microns, 0.09 microns or 0.1 microns; the thickness of the first portion 241 is between 0.0195 microns and 0.04 microns, for example, it can be 0.0195 microns, 0.02 microns, 0.025 microns, 0.03 microns, 0.035 microns or 0.4 microns.

[0055] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first portion 241 is between 30% and 40% of the thickness of the second portion 242, for example, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% or 40%.

[0056] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the spacer 22 has a slope angle a, and the slope angle a is between 30 degrees and 75 degrees.

[0057] It can be understood that the larger the slope angle a, the steeper the spacer 22. Consequently, it becomes more difficult for the transition layer 23 and the second alignment layer 24 to adhere to the spacer 22, resulting in a thinner portion of the transition layer 23 corresponding to the spacer 22 and the first portion 241 of the second alignment layer 24. This increases the risk of the transition layer 23 and the first portion 241 being worn away, exposing the spacer 22. On the other hand, for spacers 22 with the same height and bottom dimensions, the larger the slope angle a, the larger the top surface area, and the better the support effect. Therefore, considering the support properties of the spacer 22 and the risk of exposure, the slope angle a of the spacer 22 is selected to be between 30 and 75 degrees.

[0058] For example, the slope angle a may be 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees, 45 degrees, 50 degrees, 55 degrees, 60 degrees, 65 degrees, 70 degrees, or 75 degrees.

[0059] Further optionally, the slope angle a may be between 30 degrees and 45 degrees to reduce the risk of the spacers 22 being exposed.

[0060] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer 23 is greater than the hardness of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0061] It can be understood that the hardness of the transition layer 23 is between the first alignment layer 12 and the spacer 22, so that the hardness difference between the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 is smaller than the hardness difference between the spacer 22 and the first alignment layer 12, thereby reducing the degree of wear of the first alignment layer 12.

[0062] Optionally, based on a pencil hardness standard, the hardness of the spacer 22 is between 8H and 12H, and the hardness of the first alignment layer 12 is between 2H and 3H.

[0063] It is understood that the spacers 22 need to maintain the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, so the spacers 22 need to have a relatively high hardness. For example, the hardness of the spacers 22 can be 8H, 9H, 10H, 11H, or 12H. The hardness of the first alignment layer 12 can be 2H or 3H.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer 23 may also be equal to the hardness of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0065] The hardness of the transition layer 23 is greater than that of the first alignment layer 12 , but the hardness of the transition layer 23 is equal to that of the first alignment layer 12 , so that there is no hardness difference between the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 , further reducing the risk of the first alignment layer 12 being worn.

[0066] Optionally, the material of the transition layer 23 may be consistent with or different from the material of the first alignment layer 12 , as long as the hardness of the two is the same.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hardness of the transition layer 23 may also be less than the hardness of the first alignment layer 12 .

[0068] It can be understood that based on the mechanism that the film layer with smaller hardness is worn to a relatively greater extent when two film layers with different hardness rub against each other, a transition layer 23 with a hardness lower than that of the first alignment layer 12 is used to generate relative sliding friction with the first alignment layer 12, so that the degree of wear of the first alignment layer 12 is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the risk of display abnormalities.

[0069] Secondly, due to the low hardness of the transition layer 23, when the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 slide relative to each other, the transition layer 23 is more worn, which easily forms more debris. Therefore, in order to reduce the overall debris, the hardness difference between the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 can be set to be smaller than the hardness difference between the spacer 22 and the first alignment layer 12.

[0070] That is, not only the chipping rate of the entire panel is reduced, but also the degree of wear of the first alignment layer 12 is greatly reduced, thereby greatly improving the display yield of the display panel.

[0071] In addition, based on the low hardness of the transition layer 23, the transition layer 23 has good flexibility. When external force is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 100, the transition layer 23 is arranged on the spacer 22. The transition layer 23 has the effect of buffering and releasing stress, which can reduce the pressure of the transition layer 23 on the first alignment layer 12, thereby reducing friction and reducing the degree of wear between the two.

[0072] Optionally, based on the fact that the hardness of the transition layer 23 is less than that of the first alignment layer 12 , the material of the transition layer 23 includes but is not limited to PMMA, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polycarbonate, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments of the present application, the portion of the transition layer 23 corresponding to the spacer 22 also has a concave-convex structure.

[0074] It is understood that the concavo-convex structure makes the surface of the transition layer 23 rough. When the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 slide relative to each other, the rough surface of the transition layer 23 increases the friction between the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12, thereby reducing the relative sliding distance and thus reducing the area of ​​the first alignment layer 12 that is worn.

[0075] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the transition layer 23 corresponding to the spacer 22 has a recessed portion 23 a , and the periphery of the recessed portion 23 a is closed.

[0076] It can be understood that since the liquid material of the second alignment layer 24 will be coated on the transition layer 23, the recessed portion 23a can intercept most of the alignment layer material and cover the transition layer 23, thereby increasing the thickness of the first portion 241 of the second alignment layer 24, thereby reducing the risk of the first portion 241 of the second alignment layer 24 being worn off; and since the hardness of the second alignment layer 24 and the first alignment layer 12 tend to be consistent, the degree of mutual wear between the two is low, so the risk of the first alignment layer 12 being worn can be further reduced.

[0077] Figure 3 FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The liquid crystal display panel 100 of the corresponding embodiment and the liquid crystal display panel 100 of more embodiments of the present application use the conventional film layer in the opposing substrate 20 as the transition layer 23, without the need to additionally set the transition layer 23, thus saving process and cost.

[0078] exist Figure 3 , parts different from those of the above-described embodiment will be described to avoid redundancy.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 3 The transition layer 23 is a planar layer pn. The transition layer 23 covers the side of the spacer 22 close to the array substrate 10 and covers the side of the second substrate 21 close to the array substrate 10 .

[0080] The transition layer 23 includes a connected covering portion 231 and a flat portion 232. The covering portion 231 covers the side of the spacer 22 close to the array substrate 10. The flat portion 232 covers the side of the second substrate 21 close to the array substrate 10 and is located outside the spacer 22. The flat portion 232 covers the black matrix layer bm and the color filter layer cf.

[0081] It is understood that the present application reuses the planar layer pn as the transition layer 23, eliminating the need for an additional transition layer 23, thus saving manufacturing processes and costs. Although the transition layer 23 is a planar layer pn, which provides leveling properties, the spacers 22 are relatively high, so the transition layer 23 does not fill the spacers 22. The present application can adjust the thickness of the transition layer 23 and / or the height of the spacers 22 to prevent the transition layer 23 from filling the spacers 22.

[0082] Secondly, due to the material properties of the planar layer pn, the hardness of the transition layer 23 is greater than that of the first alignment layer 12. Optionally, the hardness of the transition layer 23 is between 4H and 6H, for example, 4H, 5H or 6H.

[0083] Optionally, the thickness of the covering portion 231 is less than the thickness of the flat portion 232. The thickness of the covering portion 231 is between 30% and 50% of the thickness of the flat portion 232, for example, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% or 50%.

[0084] Optionally, the thickness of the flat portion 232 is between 1.5 microns and 2.5 microns, for example, 1.5 microns, 1.6 microns, 1.7 microns, 1.8 microns, 1.9 microns, 2.0 microns, 2.1 microns, 2.2 microns, 2.3 microns, 2.4 microns or 2.5 microns.

[0085] Optionally, the thickness of the covering portion 231 is greater than the thickness of the first alignment layer 12 , so as to reduce the risk of the spacers 22 being exposed.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, based on Figure 3 In the corresponding embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 100 , the side of the covering portion 231 close to the array substrate 10 has a concave-convex structure.

[0087] It is understood that the concavo-convex structure makes the surface of the transition layer 23 rough. When the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12 slide relative to each other, the rough surface of the transition layer 23 increases the friction between the transition layer 23 and the first alignment layer 12, thereby reducing the relative sliding distance and thus reducing the area of ​​the first alignment layer 12 that is worn.

[0088] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the covering portion 231 has a recessed portion 23 a on one side close to the array substrate 10 , and the periphery of the recessed portion 23 a is closed.

[0089] It can be understood that since the liquid material of the second alignment layer 24 will be coated on the transition layer 23, the recessed portion 23a can intercept most of the alignment layer material and cover the transition layer 23, thereby increasing the thickness of the first portion 241 of the second alignment layer 24, thereby reducing the risk of the first portion 241 of the second alignment layer 24 being worn off; and since the hardness of the second alignment layer 24 and the first alignment layer 12 tend to be consistent, the degree of mutual wear between the two is low, so the risk of the first alignment layer 12 being worn can be further reduced.

[0090] The liquid crystal display panel 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes an array substrate 10 and an opposing substrate 20. The opposing substrate 20 includes a second substrate 21, a spacer 22, and a transition layer 23. The spacer 22 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 21 close to the array substrate 10. The transition layer 23 at least partially covers a side of the spacer 22 close to the array substrate 10. The hardness of the first alignment layer of the array substrate 10 is less than that of the spacer 22. The hardness of the transition layer 23 is less than that of the spacer 22.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a transition layer with a hardness lower than that of the spacer 22 , when the transition layer slides relative to the first alignment layer, the degree of wear of the first alignment layer can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of abnormal display images.

[0092] The above is a detailed introduction to a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. At the same time, for technical personnel in this field, based on the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that: include: An array substrate comprises a first substrate and a first alignment layer, wherein the first alignment layer is provided on the first substrate; an opposite substrate, disposed on the array substrate, comprising a second substrate, a spacer, and a transition layer, wherein the spacer is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate, and at least a portion of the transition layer covers a side of the spacer close to the array substrate, wherein the hardness of the first alignment layer is less than that of the spacer; Wherein, the hardness of the transition layer is less than the hardness of the spacer.

2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The hardness of the transition layer is greater than that of the first alignment layer.

3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The hardness of the transition layer is equal to the hardness of the first alignment layer.

4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The hardness of the transition layer is smaller than that of the first alignment layer.

5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The transition layer is a flat layer, and covers a side of the spacer close to the array substrate and a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate.

6. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: A portion of the transition layer corresponding to the spacer has a concave-convex structure.

7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein: The transition layer has a recessed portion at a portion corresponding to the spacer, and the periphery of the recessed portion is closed.

8. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: A thickness of a portion of the transition layer corresponding to the spacer is greater than a thickness of the first alignment layer.

9. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The counter substrate further includes a second alignment layer, the second alignment layer covers a side of the transition layer close to the array substrate, and the material of the second alignment layer is the same as that of the first alignment layer; The second alignment layer includes a first portion and a second portion connected to each other, the first portion corresponds to and covers the spacer, and the second portion is located at the periphery of the spacer; The thickness of the first portion is smaller than the thickness of the second portion.

10. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein The spacer has a slope angle ranging from 30 degrees to 75 degrees.

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