Urban rail transit information safety protection method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban rail transit information safety protection method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, carrying out risk assessment and demand analysis, and carrying out asset recognition, threat analysis, vulnerability assessment and demand analysis; 2, designing and planning safety protection, formulating a strategy, designing a framework and formulating a plan; 3, security protection implementation and deployment: performing network isolation and region division, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; and 4, performing real-time monitoring, regular auditing, emergency response and continuous optimization on safety protection monitoring and optimization. And 5, personnel training and management: carrying out safety consciousness training and operation specification and authority management. According to the invention, more comprehensive and intelligent urban rail transit information safety protection can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of information security, and in particular to a method and system for protecting information security in urban rail transit. Background Art

[0002] As an important public transportation mode in cities, the safety and stability of urban rail transit systems have received extensive attention. With the development of information technology, urban rail transit systems are becoming increasingly digital and intelligent, and network security and information assurance issues have become important factors restricting the development of the system. Once the information of the urban rail transit system is leaked or destroyed, it may cause serious safety accidents, affecting the travel safety of passengers and the normal operation of urban rail transit.

[0003] In the process of urban rail transit information security protection, urban rail transit information security protection methods and systems will be used.

[0004] The existing protection methods and systems have a single protection type, resulting in poor protection effects, which has a certain impact on the use of the security protection methods and systems. Therefore, an urban rail transit information security protection method and system are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problem that the existing protection methods and systems have a single protection type, resulting in poor protection effect, which has a certain impact on the use of the safety protection methods and systems, and provide an urban rail transit information security protection method and system.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions, and the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Conduct risk assessment and demand analysis, identify assets, conduct threat analysis, and vulnerability assessment and demand analysis; Step 2: Security protection design and planning, formulating strategies, designing architecture and making plans; Step 3: Implement and deploy security protection, including network isolation and regional division, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; Step 4: Security protection monitoring and optimization conduct real-time monitoring, regular audits, emergency response and continuous optimization.

[0007] Step five: Personnel training and management, including security awareness training, operating standards and authority management.

[0008] Furthermore, the content of the identified assets is to identify information assets in the rail transit system, including passenger information, train control systems, and communication networks; At the same time, asset classification and evaluation are carried out to classify assets and evaluate them according to their importance and sensitivity factors to determine their security level and protection needs.

[0009] The specific contents of threat analysis include: External threats: Assess external hacker attacks, malware, and phishing threats; Internal threats: Analyze the potential risks of malicious operations, misoperations, or leakage of sensitive information by internal personnel; Natural disasters and physical threats: Consider the impact of natural disasters and physical damage threats on information security; The specific contents of vulnerability assessment include: Technical vulnerabilities: Discover security holes and weak links in the system through scanning and penetration testing; Management vulnerabilities: Assessing deficiencies in security management processes, policies and procedures; The specific contents of demand analysis include: clarifying protection goals, determining protection needs and formulating protection measures: The specific contents of determining protection needs include: determining the corresponding protection measures and protection levels according to the importance and security level of the assets; Develop targeted protection strategies for external and internal threats, including strengthening network security protection and improving internal security awareness; In view of technical and management vulnerabilities, improvement suggestions are put forward, including optimizing system configuration and strengthening security management: The specific contents of formulating protective measures include: deploying security equipment and technologies, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and data encryption technologies; Establish a complete security management system and process, including authority management and security auditing.

[0010] Furthermore, the process of formulating the strategy is as follows: Establish the basic principles of information security protection, including the principle of least privilege, data confidentiality, integrity, and availability to guide subsequent security design and implementation; Clarify the specific goals of information security protection, prevent unauthorized access, protect the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data, and ensure the availability of the system. These goals should correspond to the threats and vulnerabilities identified in the risk assessment; Determine the specific means needed to achieve the protection objectives, including technical, management and physical means; The specific contents of the design architecture are as follows: Design information security protection architecture, including network architecture, system architecture and data architecture, to ensure coordination among components; Network architecture: Design a reasonable network topology to achieve isolation and access control between different security areas, ensure the security of the transmission path of key data, and prevent data leakage or tampering; System architecture: Build a stable and reliable system architecture to ensure that the various components of the system can work together, while enabling monitoring and protection of key business processes; Data architecture: Design secure data storage and transmission solutions to ensure data confidentiality, integrity and availability; Select technology. According to the protection strategy and design architecture, select security technologies to strengthen the security protection of the system, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, data encryption technology, security auditing and log analysis; Develop an implementation plan for information security protection, including time nodes, division of responsibilities and resource allocation.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific contents of the network isolation and regional division include: Implement network isolation measures, including: Logical isolation: By setting up different network VLANs (virtual local area networks), different network devices can be divided into different virtual local area networks to achieve logical isolation; different VLANs can be divided according to security levels to limit communication between different VLANs and prevent the spread of attacks; Physical isolation: By isolating at the physical level, different network devices are connected to different physical network segments to achieve physical isolation. Physical isolation can be achieved through routers or firewall network devices. Different security areas are divided into: Divide the network into different security domains based on function, business, and security level factors, and assign different access rights and security policies to each security domain; Through virtualization technology, multiple virtual networks are run on the same physical device, and each virtual network is isolated from each other; The specific contents of security equipment deployment include: Firewall deployment: Deploy firewalls at network boundaries or between different security zones to prevent unauthorized access and attacks; Configure the access control policy of the firewall to ensure that only traffic that meets the requirements can pass.

[0012] Intrusion Detection System Deployment: Deploy intrusion detection systems at preset locations on the network to monitor and analyze network traffic in real time; Set the alarm threshold and response strategy of the intrusion detection system to detect and respond to potential network attacks; Log audit system deployment: Deploy a log audit system to collect and analyze log information of the network system.

[0013] Through the log audit system, security incidents of the network system can be tracked and analyzed, providing strong support for security protection.

[0014] The specific contents of data encryption and backup are as follows: Data Encryption: Use encryption algorithms to encrypt the storage and transmission of sensitive information to ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered with during the transmission process; Data backup: Establish a data backup mechanism and back up data regularly; Permission management and access control: Establish a rights management mechanism to precisely control access to the system to prevent unauthorized access and operation; Permission management: Assign permissions to users based on their roles and responsibilities; Access Control: Implement policies such as identity-based access control, role-based access control, and content-based access control.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific process of the real-time monitoring is as follows: Select monitoring tools that can cover security factors based on the characteristics and requirements of the system; Configure monitoring strategies, set alarm thresholds and monitoring scopes, and ensure that monitoring tools can accurately and promptly report potential threats; Timely response: Once the monitoring tool issues an alarm, an investigation and disposal should be carried out immediately to prevent the threat from spreading further; The specific process of regular audit is as follows: Develop a plan: clarify the audit objectives, scope, methods and timetable; Select audit tools and methods: According to the audit plan, select audit tools and methods that can detect potential problems; Repair and Improvement: Based on the audit results, we will find security vulnerabilities and weaknesses and make necessary improvements to the system; The contents of emergency response include: establishing an emergency response team, developing emergency plans and conducting regular drills; The specific process of continuous optimization is as follows: Collect and analyze data: collect data generated during monitoring and auditing, and conduct analysis and evaluation; Develop improvement plans: Develop targeted improvement plans based on the analysis results; Implementation and improvement: Implement according to the improvement plan, monitor and evaluate the implementation results, and continuously adjust and optimize the strategy.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific process of the security awareness training is as follows: Develop training plans: Develop regular security awareness training plans based on the organization’s business needs and security risks; Select training content: The training content should include basic knowledge of network security, common security threats and preventive measures, and security policies and procedures; Organize training activities: Conduct security awareness training for employees.

[0017] Evaluate training effectiveness: Evaluate employees’ understanding of training content through tests, questionnaires, etc., and make adjustments and optimizations based on feedback.

[0018] Furthermore, the security awareness training is mainly conducted for employees who are completely lacking in security awareness. The process of determining employees who are lacking in security awareness is as follows: In the first cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to at least one-third of all employees, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, the response result is generated; In the second cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to half of the remaining employees in the first cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, a response result is generated; In the third cycle, the preset security awareness questionnaire / test questions are sent to the remaining employees in the second cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employees respond within the preset time or fail to respond after the preset time, the response results are generated; After obtaining three consecutive response results, analyze the three-level response results. If at least two of the three response results are abnormal, it means that the employee has insufficient security awareness; The abnormality determination process of the reply result is as follows: Extract the reply result. When the reply result is that the employee replies within the preset time, score the reply content and obtain the reply score. When the reply score is less than the preset value, it means that the reply result is abnormal. When the response result is that there is no response for more than the preset time, the response result is directly determined to be abnormal.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific contents of the operating specifications are as follows: Formulate operating specifications: formulate operating specifications based on the organization's business processes and security requirements, and clarify the safety requirements for employees in various operations; Train employees: Organize employee training on operating specifications to ensure that employees understand and are familiar with the specifications; Supervision and implementation: Through regular inspections and audits, we monitor whether employees follow the regulations during operations.

[0020] Continuously improve and optimize the specifications based on the implementation of operating specifications and changes in business needs.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific process of permission management is as follows: Develop permission strategies: Based on employees’ responsibilities and roles, develop detailed permission strategies to clarify the information and resources that employees can access; Assign permissions: Assign appropriate permissions to employees based on permission policies to ensure they can only access information within their responsibilities; Regular review: Regularly review employee permissions to ensure that permission allocation is consistent with employee responsibilities; Monitoring and auditing: Through log auditing and abnormal behavior detection, monitor the use of employees' permissions to promptly identify and handle potential security risks.

[0022] An urban rail transit information security protection system, the system comprising: Risk assessment and needs analysis module, used to identify assets, conduct threat analysis, and vulnerability assessment and needs analysis; Security protection design and planning module, used to formulate strategies, design architectures and develop plans; Security protection implementation and deployment module, used for network isolation and zoning, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; The security protection monitoring and optimization module is used for real-time monitoring, regular auditing, emergency response and continuous optimization.

[0023] The personnel training and management module is used for security awareness training, operating specifications and authority management.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the urban rail transit information security protection method and system, starting from risk assessment and demand analysis, to security protection design and planning, implementation and deployment, monitoring and optimization, and then to personnel training and management, forms a complete information security protection closed loop.

[0025] It covers all aspects of information security, including asset identification, threat analysis, vulnerability assessment, security protection strategy formulation, architecture design, equipment deployment, data encryption, permission management, real-time monitoring, regular auditing, etc., ensuring the comprehensiveness of information security protection.

[0026] The importance and sensitivity of information assets (such as passenger information, train control systems, and communication networks) are clarified, and protection strategies are formulated accordingly.

[0027] Targeted protection measures and improvement suggestions are proposed for different types of threats (external threats, internal threats, natural disasters and physical threats) and technical vulnerabilities and management vulnerabilities.

[0028] It allows the selection of appropriate monitoring tools, auditing methods and security technologies based on the characteristics and needs of the system, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0029] Efficiency and reliability: Through real-time monitoring and regular auditing, potential security threats can be discovered and handled in a timely manner, improving the security and reliability of the system.

[0030] The establishment of an emergency response mechanism enables rapid response and reduction of losses when security incidents occur.

[0031] Data encryption and backup mechanisms ensure data confidentiality, integrity and availability, and guarantee data recovery even in the event of an accident.

[0032] Emphasis on security awareness training has increased employees' understanding and attention to information security and reduced security risks caused by human factors.

[0033] Through operational specification training and authority management, it is ensured that employees follow safety requirements during operations, reducing the possibility of erroneous operations and illegal operations.

[0034] Continuous optimization and improvement: Emphasis on continuous collection and analysis of data, formulation of improvement plans based on analysis results, and continuous optimization of strategies to ensure continuous improvement and adaptability of the information security protection system.

[0035] Modularity and scalability: The system is divided into multiple modules (risk assessment and demand analysis module, security protection design and planning module, etc.), each of which is relatively independent and easy to manage and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a method for protecting urban rail transit information security, the specific contents of which are as follows: Security protection design and planning is a key link in urban rail transit information security work. It provides specific guidance and implementation plans for system security protection based on the results of risk assessment and demand analysis. The following is a detailed description of security protection design and planning: Develop a strategy Based on the results of the demand analysis, formulate an overall strategy for information security protection, which is the basis of the entire design and planning process. The strategy should clarify the following key elements: Protection principles: Establish basic principles for information security protection, such as the principle of least privilege, data confidentiality, integrity, availability, etc. These principles will guide subsequent security design and implementation.

[0039] Protection objectives: Clarify the specific objectives of information security protection, such as preventing unauthorized access, protecting the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data, ensuring system availability, etc. These objectives should correspond to the threats and vulnerabilities identified in the risk assessment.

[0040] Protection measures: Determine the specific measures needed to achieve the protection goals, such as technical means (such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, data encryption, etc.), management means (such as security policies, permission management, security training, etc.) and physical means (such as access control systems, physical isolation, etc.).

[0041] Design Architecture Design the information security protection architecture, including network architecture, system architecture, and data architecture, to ensure collaboration among components.

[0042] Network architecture: Design a reasonable network topology to achieve isolation and access control between different security areas. Ensure the security of the transmission path of key data to prevent data leakage or tampering.

[0043] System architecture: Build a stable and reliable system architecture to ensure that the various components of the system can work together while enabling monitoring and protection of key business processes.

[0044] Data architecture: Design secure data storage and transmission solutions to ensure data confidentiality, integrity and availability. Use data encryption, data backup and recovery and other technical means to protect data security.

[0045] Select Technology According to the protection strategy and design architecture, select appropriate security technologies to strengthen the security protection of the system. These technologies include but are not limited to: Firewall: Used to build barriers at network boundaries or between different security areas to prevent unauthorized access and attacks.

[0046] Intrusion Detection System: monitors and analyzes network traffic in real time to detect and respond to potential network attacks in a timely manner.

[0047] Data encryption technology: Encrypted storage and transmission of sensitive data to ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0048] Security audit and log analysis: Establish a system security audit mechanism to regularly review and evaluate the security of the system. Discover potential threats through log analysis and take timely measures to respond.

[0049] Make a plan Develop an implementation plan for information security protection, including timelines, division of responsibilities, and resource allocation. The plan should identify the following key elements: Time nodes: Determine the specific time nodes for each implementation stage, including design, testing, deployment, and operation and maintenance.

[0050] Division of responsibilities: Clarify the responsible persons and responsible teams at each implementation stage to ensure that all tasks can be completed on time and with quality.

[0051] Resource allocation: Rationally allocate human, material and financial resources to ensure the smooth progress of safety protection work.

[0052] In summary, security protection design and planning are important links in urban rail transit information security work. Through the steps of formulating strategies, designing architectures, selecting technologies and making plans, a comprehensive and effective information security protection system can be built to ensure the stable operation of the system and the information security of passengers.

[0053] Security protection implementation and deployment are key steps to ensure information system security. The following is a detailed description of the specific content of each step in the above process: Network isolation and zoning Network isolation refers to dividing the entire network system into multiple independent network areas with different security levels to prevent potential threats from spreading from one network area to other areas and minimize the impact of security vulnerabilities on the entire network system.

[0054] Implement network isolation measures: Logical isolation: By setting up different network VLANs (virtual local area networks), different network devices can be divided into different virtual local area networks to achieve logical isolation. Different VLANs can be divided according to security levels to limit communication between different VLANs and prevent the spread of attacks.

[0055] Physical isolation: By isolating at the physical level, different network devices are connected to different physical network segments to achieve physical isolation. Physical isolation can be achieved through network devices such as routers and firewalls.

[0056] Divide into different security areas: The network is divided into different security domains based on functions, businesses, security levels and other factors, and different access rights and security policies are assigned to each security domain.

[0057] Through virtualization technology, multiple virtual networks can be run on the same physical device, and each virtual network is isolated from each other, improving resource utilization and security.

[0058] Security equipment deployment Deploy security equipment at key locations, such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, log audit systems, etc., to enhance the security protection capabilities of the network system.

[0059] Firewall deployment: Deploy firewalls at network boundaries or between different security zones to prevent unauthorized access and attacks.

[0060] Configure the firewall's access control policy to ensure that only legitimate traffic can pass.

[0061] Intrusion Detection System Deployment: Deploy intrusion detection systems at key locations in the network to monitor and analyze network traffic in real time.

[0062] Set the alarm thresholds and response strategies of the intrusion detection system to detect and respond to potential network attacks in a timely manner.

[0063] Log audit system deployment: Deploy a log audit system to collect and analyze log information of the network system.

[0064] Through the log audit system, security incidents of the network system can be tracked and analyzed, providing strong support for security protection.

[0065] Data encryption and backup Sensitive information is stored and transmitted in encrypted form, and a data backup mechanism is established to ensure data security and availability.

[0066] Data Encryption: Encryption algorithms are used to encrypt the storage and transmission of sensitive information to ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0067] Select appropriate encryption algorithms and key management strategies to ensure the security and reliability of the encryption process.

[0068] Data backup: Establish a data backup mechanism and back up important data regularly.

[0069] Store backup data in a secure location to ensure timely recovery in case of data loss or corruption.

[0070] 4. Permission Management and Access Control Establish a reasonable permission management mechanism to precisely control access to the system to prevent unauthorized access and operation.

[0071] Permission management: Assign appropriate permissions to users based on their roles and responsibilities.

[0072] Adopt the principle of least privilege to ensure that users can only access resources and functions for which they have legal permissions.

[0073] Access Control: Implement policies such as identity-based access control, role-based access control, and content-based access control.

[0074] Configure access control rules to ensure that only legitimate users can access system resources.

[0075] In summary, the implementation and deployment of security protection is a complex and meticulous process, which requires comprehensive consideration of network isolation and regional division, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, and authority management and access control. By implementing these measures, a comprehensive and effective information security protection system can be built to ensure the safe and stable operation of the information system.

[0076] Security protection monitoring and optimization is a systematic process aimed at ensuring the security and stability of information systems. The specific contents are as follows: Real-time monitoring Real-time monitoring is the foundation of security protection. By using security monitoring tools such as intrusion detection systems (IDS), security information and event management (SIEM) systems, log analysis tools, etc., the system can be monitored around the clock and in all directions. These tools can capture and analyze network traffic, system logs, application behavior and other data in real time, and promptly discover and report potential security threats, such as malware intrusion, unauthorized access attempts, data leakage, etc.

[0077] The key to real-time monitoring is: Choose the right monitoring tool: Choose a monitoring tool that can cover security factors based on the system's characteristics and requirements; Configure a reasonable monitoring strategy: Set appropriate alarm thresholds and monitoring scopes to ensure that monitoring tools can report potential threats accurately and promptly.

[0078] Timely response: Once the monitoring tool issues an alarm, investigation and disposal should be carried out immediately to prevent the threat from spreading further.

[0079] Regular audits Regular audits are an important means of discovering system security vulnerabilities and weak links. Through comprehensive security audits of the system, including source code audits, network architecture audits, configuration audits, etc., potential security risks can be discovered, such as unfixed vulnerabilities, improper configurations, unsafe codes, etc.

[0080] The key to regular audits is to: Develop a detailed audit plan: clarify the audit objectives, scope, methods and timetable.

[0081] Select appropriate audit tools and methods: Based on the audit plan, select audit tools and methods that can detect potential problems.

[0082] Timely repair and improvement: Based on the audit results, timely repair the discovered security holes and weaknesses, and make necessary improvements to the system.

[0083] Emergency Response Emergency response is a key link in dealing with security incidents. By establishing an emergency response mechanism and formulating emergency plans, we can ensure that we can respond and handle security incidents quickly and minimize losses.

[0084] The keys to emergency response are: Establish an emergency response team: Form an emergency response team consisting of security experts, system administrators, and other personnel.

[0085] Develop an emergency plan: clarify the process and steps of emergency response, including alarm, isolation, investigation, recovery, etc.

[0086] Regular drills: Through simulated security incidents, emergency response teams can conduct drills and training to improve their response capabilities.

[0087] Continuous Optimization Continuous optimization is the key to improving the system's security protection capabilities. By continuously learning and summarizing lessons learned from monitoring, auditing, and emergency response, and continuously optimizing information security protection strategies and technical means, the system's security protection level can be continuously improved.

[0088] The key to continuous optimization is: Collect and analyze data: Collect data generated during the monitoring and auditing process, and conduct analysis and evaluation.

[0089] Develop improvement plans: Develop targeted improvement plans based on the analysis results.

[0090] Implementation and improvement: Implement according to the improvement plan, monitor and evaluate the implementation results, and continuously adjust and optimize the strategy.

[0091] To sum up, security protection monitoring and optimization is an ongoing process that requires the comprehensive use of real-time monitoring, regular auditing, emergency response and continuous optimization to ensure the security and stability of the system.

[0092] Personnel training and management is an important part of ensuring the information security of an organization. It covers improving employees’ security awareness, standardizing operating procedures, and implementing effective authority management. The specific contents are as follows: Security Awareness Training Security awareness training is the process of improving employees' awareness and understanding of cybersecurity threats and mastering basic security operation skills. This helps employees identify and prevent potential security risks in their daily work.

[0093] Implementation steps: Develop a training plan: Develop a regular security awareness training plan based on the organization's business needs and security risks.

[0094] Select training content: The training content should include basic knowledge of network security, common security threats and prevention measures, security policies and procedures, etc.

[0095] Organize training activities: organize safety awareness training for employees through online courses, offline lectures, simulation exercises, etc.

[0096] Evaluate training effectiveness: Evaluate employees’ understanding of training content through tests, questionnaires, etc., and make adjustments and optimizations based on feedback.

[0097] Operation Specifications Operating specifications are to ensure that employees follow safety regulations and standards during operations and reduce safety risks caused by improper operations.

[0098] Implementation steps: Develop operating specifications: Based on the organization's business processes and security needs, develop detailed operating specifications to clarify the safety requirements for employees in various operations.

[0099] Train employees: Organize employee training on operating specifications to ensure that employees understand and are familiar with the specifications.

[0100] Supervision and implementation: Through regular inspections and audits, we monitor whether employees follow the regulations during operations.

[0101] Continuous improvement: Continuously improve and optimize the specifications based on the implementation of operating specifications and changes in business needs.

[0102] 3. Permission Management Permission management ensures that employees can only access information within their scope of responsibility to prevent information leakage and abuse.

[0103] Implementation steps: Develop permission strategies: Based on employees’ responsibilities and roles, develop detailed permission strategies to clarify what information and resources employees can access.

[0104] Assign permissions: Assign appropriate permissions to employees based on permission policies to ensure that they can only access information within their responsibilities.

[0105] Regular review: Regularly review employee permissions to ensure that permission allocation is consistent with employee responsibilities.

[0106] Monitoring and auditing: Monitor employees' use of permissions through log auditing, abnormal behavior detection, etc., and promptly identify and handle potential security risks.

[0107] Summarize Personnel training and management are important cornerstones for ensuring organizational information security. Through security awareness training, formulating and implementing strict operating specifications, and implementing effective authority management, employees' security awareness and operating skills can be significantly improved, and security risks caused by human factors can be reduced. At the same time, these measures also help to establish and maintain a safe, stable, and efficient working environment.

[0108] The specific process of the security awareness training is as follows: Develop training plans: Develop regular security awareness training plans based on the organization’s business needs and security risks; Select training content: The training content should include basic knowledge of network security, common security threats and preventive measures, and security policies and procedures; Organize training activities: Conduct security awareness training for employees.

[0109] Evaluate training effectiveness: Evaluate employees’ understanding of training content through tests, questionnaires, etc., and make adjustments and optimizations based on feedback.

[0110] Furthermore, the security awareness training is mainly conducted for employees who are completely lacking in security awareness. The process of determining employees who are lacking in security awareness is as follows: In the first cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to at least one-third of all employees, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, the response result is generated; In the second cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to half of the remaining employees in the first cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, a response result is generated; In the third cycle, the preset security awareness questionnaire / test questions are sent to the remaining employees in the second cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employees respond within the preset time or fail to respond after the preset time, the response results are generated; After obtaining three consecutive response results, analyze the three-level response results. If at least two of the three response results are abnormal, it means that the employee has insufficient security awareness; The abnormality determination process of the reply result is as follows: Extract the reply result. When the reply result is that the employee replies within the preset time, score the reply content and obtain the reply score. When the reply score is less than the preset value, it means that the reply result is abnormal. When the response result is that there is no response after the preset time, the response result is directly judged to be abnormal; Determination process Send questionnaires / test questions in batches: In the first cycle, send a pre-set security awareness questionnaire or test to at least one-third of your total workforce.

[0111] In the second cycle, a pre-set security awareness questionnaire or test is sent to half of the employees remaining from the first cycle.

[0112] In the third cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire or test is sent to the remaining employees from the second cycle.

[0113] Collect response results: Ask employees to respond to a questionnaire or test within a preset time.

[0114] Generate a response result based on whether the employee responds within the preset time.

[0115] Analysis and reply results: Extract the response results, score the employee's responses within the preset time, and obtain the response score.

[0116] When the response score is less than the preset value, or the employee fails to respond within the preset time, the response result is considered abnormal.

[0117] After obtaining three consecutive response results, the three response results are analyzed. If at least two of the three response results are abnormal, the employee is judged to have insufficient safety awareness.

[0118] benefit Highly targeted: By sending questionnaires / test questions in batches, employees with insufficient security awareness can be identified more accurately, so that targeted training can be carried out.

[0119] High efficiency: Compared with sending questionnaires / test questions to all employees at once, sending them in batches can make more efficient use of time and resources, while avoiding employee resistance due to too many questionnaires / test questions.

[0120] Accurate data: By analyzing the results of three consecutive responses, we can more accurately judge the level of employee safety awareness and reduce the possibility of misjudgment and omission.

[0121] Promote employee participation: By sending questionnaires / test questions, you can stimulate employees' attention and thinking on safety issues and encourage them to actively participate in safety awareness training.

[0122] Continuous improvement: Based on the analysis of the response results, the company can understand the weak links in employees' security awareness, so as to continuously improve the training content and methods and enhance the training effect.

[0123] In summary, the above-mentioned safety awareness training judgment process has the advantages of strong pertinence, high efficiency, accurate data, promotion of employee participation and continuous improvement. This helps enterprises better identify employees with insufficient safety awareness and conduct effective training, thereby improving the safety awareness level of all employees.

[0124] The specific contents of the said operating specifications are as follows: Formulate operating specifications: formulate operating specifications based on the organization's business processes and security requirements, and clarify the safety requirements for employees in various operations; Train employees: Organize employee training on operating specifications to ensure that employees understand and are familiar with the specifications; Supervision and implementation: Through regular inspections and audits, we monitor whether employees follow the regulations during operations.

[0125] Continuously improve and optimize the specifications based on the implementation of operating specifications and changes in business needs.

[0126] The specific process of permission management is as follows: Develop permission strategies: Based on employees’ responsibilities and roles, develop detailed permission strategies to clarify the information and resources that employees can access; Assign permissions: Assign appropriate permissions to employees based on permission policies to ensure they can only access information within their responsibilities; Regular review: Regularly review employee permissions to ensure that permission allocation is consistent with employee responsibilities; Monitoring and auditing: Through log auditing and abnormal behavior detection, monitor the use of employees' permissions to promptly identify and handle potential security risks.

[0127] An urban rail transit information security protection system, the system comprising: Risk assessment and needs analysis module, used to identify assets, conduct threat analysis, and vulnerability assessment and needs analysis; Security protection design and planning module, used to formulate strategies, design architectures and develop plans; Security protection implementation and deployment module, used for network isolation and zoning, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; The security protection monitoring and optimization module is used for real-time monitoring, regular auditing, emergency response and continuous optimization.

[0128] The personnel training and management module is used for security awareness training, operating specifications and authority management.

[0129] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0130] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0131] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for protecting urban rail transit information security. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: Conduct risk assessment and demand analysis, identify assets, conduct threat analysis, and vulnerability assessment and demand analysis; Step 2: Security protection design and planning, formulating strategies, designing architecture and making plans; Step 3: Implement and deploy security protection, including network isolation and regional division, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; Step 4: Security protection monitoring and optimization conduct real-time monitoring, regular audits, emergency response and continuous optimization; Step 5: Personnel training and management, including security awareness training, operating standards and authority management.

2. According to claim 1, a method for protecting urban rail transit information security, Features: The content of the identified assets is to identify the information assets in the rail transit system, including passenger information, train control systems, and communication networks; At the same time, asset classification and assessment are carried out to classify assets and evaluate them according to their importance and sensitivity factors to determine their security level and protection needs The specific contents of threat analysis include: External threats: Assess external hacker attacks, malware, and phishing threats; Internal threats: Analyze the potential risks of malicious operations, misoperations, or leakage of sensitive information by internal personnel; Natural disasters and physical threats: Consider the impact of natural disasters and physical damage threats on information security; The specific contents of vulnerability assessment include: Technical vulnerabilities: Discover security holes and weak links in the system through scanning and penetration testing; Management vulnerabilities: Assessing deficiencies in security management processes, policies and procedures; The specific contents of demand analysis include: clarifying protection goals, determining protection needs and formulating protection measures: The specific contents of determining protection needs include: determining the corresponding protection measures and protection levels according to the importance and security level of the assets; Develop targeted protection strategies for external and internal threats, including strengthening network security protection and improving internal security awareness; In view of technical and management vulnerabilities, improvement suggestions are put forward, including optimizing system configuration and strengthening security management: The specific contents of formulating protective measures include: deploying security equipment and technologies, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and data encryption technologies; Establish a complete security management system and process, including authority management and security auditing.

3. According to claim 1, a method for protecting urban rail transit information security, Features: The process of formulating the strategy is as follows: Establish the basic principles of information security protection, including the principle of least privilege, data confidentiality, integrity, and availability to guide subsequent security design and implementation; Clarify the specific goals of information security protection, prevent unauthorized access, protect the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data, and ensure the availability of the system. These goals should correspond to the threats and vulnerabilities identified in the risk assessment; Determine the specific means needed to achieve the protection objectives, including technical, management and physical means; The specific contents of the design architecture are as follows: Design information security protection architecture, including network architecture, system architecture and data architecture, to ensure coordination among components; Network architecture: Design a reasonable network topology to achieve isolation and access control between different security areas, ensure the security of the transmission path of key data, and prevent data leakage or tampering; System architecture: Build a stable and reliable system architecture to ensure that the various components of the system can work together, while enabling monitoring and protection of key business processes; Data architecture: Design secure data storage and transmission solutions to ensure data confidentiality, integrity and availability; Select technology. According to the protection strategy and design architecture, select security technologies to strengthen the security protection of the system, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, data encryption technology, security auditing and log analysis; Develop an implementation plan for information security protection, including time nodes, division of responsibilities and resource allocation.

4. According to claim 1, a method for protecting urban rail transit information security, Features: The specific contents of the network isolation and regional division include: Implement network isolation measures, including: Logical isolation: By setting up different network VLANs (virtual local area networks), different network devices can be divided into different virtual local area networks to achieve logical isolation; different VLANs can be divided according to security levels to limit communication between different VLANs and prevent the spread of attacks; Physical isolation: By isolating at the physical level, different network devices are connected to different physical network segments to achieve physical isolation. Physical isolation can be achieved through routers or firewall network devices. Different security areas are divided into: Divide the network into different security domains based on function, business, and security level factors, and assign different access rights and security policies to each security domain; Through virtualization technology, multiple virtual networks are run on the same physical device, and each virtual network is isolated from each other; The specific contents of security equipment deployment include: Firewall deployment: Deploy firewalls at network boundaries or between different security zones to prevent unauthorized access and attacks; Configure the firewall's access control policy to ensure that only traffic that meets the requirements can pass; Intrusion Detection System Deployment: Deploy intrusion detection systems at preset locations on the network to monitor and analyze network traffic in real time; Set the alarm threshold and response strategy of the intrusion detection system to detect and respond to potential network attacks; Log audit system deployment: Deploy a log audit system to collect and analyze network system log information; Through the log audit system, security events of the network system can be tracked and analyzed; The specific contents of data encryption and backup are as follows: Data Encryption: Use encryption algorithms to encrypt the storage and transmission of sensitive information to ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered with during the transmission process; Data backup: Establish a data backup mechanism and back up data regularly; Permission management and access control: Establish a rights management mechanism to precisely control access to the system to prevent unauthorized access and operation; Permission management: Assign permissions to users based on their roles and responsibilities; Access Control: Implement policies such as identity-based access control, role-based access control, and content-based access control.

5. According to claim 1, a method for protecting urban rail transit information security, Features: The specific process of the real-time monitoring is as follows: Select monitoring tools that can cover security factors based on the characteristics and requirements of the system; Configure monitoring strategies, set alarm thresholds and monitoring scopes, and ensure that monitoring tools can accurately and promptly report potential threats; Timely response: Once the monitoring tool issues an alarm, an investigation and disposal should be carried out immediately to prevent the threat from spreading further; The specific process of regular audit is as follows: Develop a plan: clarify the audit objectives, scope, methods and timetable; Select audit tools and methods: According to the audit plan, select audit tools and methods that can detect potential problems; Repair and Improvement: Based on the audit results, we will find security vulnerabilities and weaknesses and make necessary improvements to the system; The contents of emergency response include: establishing an emergency response team, developing emergency plans and conducting regular drills; The specific process of continuous optimization is as follows: Collect and analyze data: collect data generated during monitoring and auditing, and conduct analysis and evaluation; Develop improvement plans: Develop targeted improvement plans based on the analysis results; Implementation and improvement: Implement according to the improvement plan, monitor and evaluate the implementation results, and continuously adjust and optimize the strategy.

6. A method for protecting urban rail transit information security according to claim 1, Features: The specific process of the security awareness training is as follows: Develop training plans: Develop regular security awareness training plans based on the organization’s business needs and security risks; Select training content: The training content should include basic knowledge of network security, common security threats and preventive measures, and security policies and procedures; Organize training activities: organize security awareness training for employees; Evaluate training effectiveness: Evaluate employees’ understanding of training content through tests, questionnaires, etc., and make adjustments and optimizations based on feedback.

7. A method for protecting urban rail transit information security according to claim 6, Features: The security awareness training is mainly conducted for employees who are completely lacking in security awareness. The process of determining employees who are lacking in security awareness is as follows: In the first cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to at least one-third of all employees, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, the response result is generated; In the second cycle, a preset security awareness questionnaire / test question is sent to half of the remaining employees in the first cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employee responds within the preset time or fails to respond after the preset time, a response result is generated; In the third cycle, the preset security awareness questionnaire / test questions are sent to the remaining employees in the second cycle, requiring them to respond within a preset time. If the employees respond within the preset time or fail to respond after the preset time, the response results are generated; After obtaining three consecutive response results, analyze the three-level response results. If at least two of the three response results are abnormal, it means that the employee has insufficient security awareness; The abnormality determination process of the reply result is as follows: Extract the reply result. When the reply result is that the employee replies within the preset time, score the reply content and obtain the reply score. When the reply score is less than the preset value, it means that the reply result is abnormal. When the response result is that there is no response for more than the preset time, the response result is directly determined to be abnormal.

8. A method for protecting urban rail transit information security according to claim 1, Features: The specific contents of the said operating specifications are as follows: Formulate operating specifications: formulate operating specifications based on the organization's business processes and security requirements, and clarify the safety requirements for employees in various operations; Train employees: Organize employee training on operating specifications to ensure that employees understand and are familiar with the specifications; Supervision and implementation: Through regular inspections and audits, we monitor whether employees follow the regulations during operations; Continuously improve and optimize the specifications based on the implementation of operating specifications and changes in business needs.

9. A method for protecting urban rail transit information security according to claim 1, Features: The specific process of permission management is as follows: Develop permission strategies: Based on employees’ responsibilities and roles, develop detailed permission strategies to clarify the information and resources that employees can access; Assign permissions: Assign appropriate permissions to employees based on permission policies to ensure they can only access information within their responsibilities; Regular review: Regularly review employee permissions to ensure that permission allocation is consistent with employee responsibilities; Monitoring and auditing: Through log auditing and abnormal behavior detection, monitor the use of employees' permissions to promptly identify and handle potential security risks.

10. An urban rail transit information security protection system, the protection system is based on the protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, Features: The system comprises: Risk assessment and needs analysis module, used to identify assets, conduct threat analysis, and vulnerability assessment and needs analysis; Security protection design and planning module, used to formulate strategies, design architectures and develop plans; Security protection implementation and deployment module, used for network isolation and zoning, security equipment deployment, data encryption and backup, authority management and access control; Security protection monitoring and optimization module, used for real-time monitoring, regular auditing, emergency response and continuous optimization; The personnel training and management module is used for security awareness training, operating specifications and authority management.

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