Asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery integrated system and a control method thereof, which belongs to the field of lithium battery energy storage technology. By introducing MOS switch tubes, inductors and diode elements into the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery integrated system, the low-temperature battery auxiliary output and lithium battery heating are coordinated and unified, which greatly simplifies the auxiliary control and mutual heating control methods, so that the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell heat each other and supply power to the outside at the same time. The control method of the present invention introduces a PWM signal into the MOS switch tube, which can make the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell charge, discharge and heat each other, and form a battery pack to supply power to an external DC load; in addition, the present invention uses PWM signal control to ensure that the system works efficiently and stably. Compared with traditional auxiliary output and charging and heating methods, the present invention has simpler control, better effects, and can provide long-term and stable power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery energy storage, and in particular relates to an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery core integrated system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in various electronic devices as energy storage devices, and their performance directly determines the overall operating efficiency of the system. Existing lithium battery systems are mainly composed of power cells or energy cells. Power cells are suitable for high-power instantaneous output, but their energy density is low and they cannot provide long-term stable power supply; while energy cells can provide stable power under long-term load, but their high-power output performance is poor, especially in low-temperature environments, the discharge efficiency of energy cells drops significantly.

[0003] Existing lithium battery systems often manage power cells and energy cells independently or use them in parallel, but this design does not fully utilize the performance advantages of both. Especially when facing complex working conditions or low temperature environments, it cannot simultaneously meet the needs of high power output and long-term stable power supply. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system machine. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system, comprising: asymmetric multiple power-type batteries and multiple energy-type batteries, the number of the power-type batteries is one less than the number of the energy-type batteries, the multiple power-type batteries are connected in series, and the multiple energy-type batteries are connected in series;

[0006] Among them, a diode and an inductor connected in series are arranged between each power cell and the corresponding energy cell, and a MOS switch tube is arranged between the nth power cell and the n+1th energy cell; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, the asymmetric power and energy lithium cell integrated system controls the energy cell to charge and heat the power cell or the power cell to charge and heat the energy cell by the MOS switch tube; in the process of the energy cell charging and heating the power cell, a battery pack composed of all the energy cells supplies power to the DC load; in the process of the power cell charging and heating the energy cell, a battery pack composed of partially charged power cells and energy cells that are not charged supplies power to the DC load.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for an asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system, which is used to control the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system of the first aspect, and the control method comprises:

[0008] Starting from the first MOS switch tube, a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is sequentially inputted into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and the remaining MOS switch tubes are turned off, so that the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the energy-type battery cell charges and heats the power-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of all the energy-type battery cells supplies power to the DC load; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power-type battery cell charges and heats the energy-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of partially charged power-type battery cells and energy-type battery cells that are not charged supplies power to the DC load.

[0009] Beneficial effects:

[0010] The present invention provides an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery integrated system and a control method thereof, which belongs to the field of lithium battery energy storage technology. By introducing MOS switch tubes, inductors and diode elements into the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery integrated system, the low-temperature battery auxiliary output and lithium battery heating are coordinated and unified, which greatly simplifies the auxiliary control and mutual heating control methods, so that the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell heat each other and supply power to the outside at the same time. The control method of the present invention introduces a PWM signal into the MOS switch tube, which can make the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell charge, discharge and heat each other, and form a battery pack to supply power to an external DC load; in addition, the present invention uses PWM signal control to ensure that the system works efficiently and stably. Compared with traditional auxiliary output and charging and heating methods, the present invention has simpler control, better effects, and can provide long-term and stable power supply.

[0011] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the switching mode and power flow path of the first MOS switch tube in the bidirectional charge and discharge mode of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the switching mode and power flow path of the second MOS switch tube in the bidirectional charge and discharge mode of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the switching mode and power flow path of the third MOS switch tube in the bidirectional charge and discharge mode of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the switching mode and power flow path of the fourth MOS switch tube in the bidirectional charge and discharge mode of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery cell integrated system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0018] The present invention innovatively proposes an asymmetric integrated design of power cells and energy cells. Through the asymmetric layout, the number of power cells in the system is relatively small, while the number of energy cells is large, forming an asymmetric battery structure. This asymmetric design enables the power cells and energy cells to work together in different working modes through components such as MOS switches, inductors and diodes in the circuit. Under instantaneous high power demand, the power cell can discharge quickly to provide the required high power output for the external load. At the same time, the energy cell is heated up through an internal heating mechanism to ensure the normal operation of the energy cell at low temperatures.

[0019] This asymmetric design not only optimizes the complementary advantages of power cells and energy cells, but also, through precise control strategies, enables the power cells to actively heat the energy cells under low temperature conditions, thereby improving their discharge performance and stability. In this process, the different capacities and characteristics of the power cells and the energy cells are fully utilized, avoiding the waste of resources caused by the separate use of the two types of cells in traditional systems. Through the design of this asymmetric structure, the system provided by the present invention greatly improves its adaptability in extreme environments while ensuring efficient energy supply. The number of power cells is relatively small, but their efficient heating function enables them to effectively assist the energy cells, ensuring continuous and stable power supply of the system in low temperature environments. This asymmetric battery layout simplifies the system structure, improves overall energy efficiency, and provides a new solution for lithium battery systems in complex application scenarios.

[0020] Combination Figures 1 to 5, the present invention provides an asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system comprising: asymmetric multiple power-type batteries and multiple energy-type batteries, the number of the power-type batteries is one less than the number of the energy-type batteries, the multiple power-type batteries are connected in series, and the multiple energy-type batteries are connected in series;

[0021] Among them, a diode and an inductor connected in series are arranged between each power cell and the corresponding energy cell, and a MOS switch tube is arranged between the nth power cell and the n+1th energy cell; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, the asymmetric power and energy lithium cell integrated system controls the energy cell to charge and heat the power cell or the power cell to charge and heat the energy cell by the MOS switch tube; in the process of the energy cell charging and heating the power cell, a battery pack composed of all the energy cells supplies power to the DC load; in the process of the power cell charging and heating the energy cell, a battery pack composed of partially charged power cells and energy cells that are not charged supplies power to the DC load.

[0022] The energy type battery cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the power type battery cell is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium battery. The rated voltages of the energy type battery cell and the power type battery cell are equal, and the capacity of the power type battery cell is less than that of the energy type battery cell.

[0023] It is worth noting that the energy-type battery cell of the present invention is a conventional lithium battery, and the power-type battery cell is a low-temperature lithium battery. The rated voltages of the two are equal or the maximum voltages are equal, but the rated capacities may be unequal, wherein the capacity of the power-type battery cell is much less than that of the energy-type battery cell due to auxiliary output and heating; the power-type battery cell is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium battery with a low-viscosity, high-conductivity electrolyte; the energy-type battery cell is a conventional lithium iron phosphate battery; wherein the lithium batteries corresponding to the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell can be replaced by other types of low-temperature lithium batteries and high-energy-density lithium batteries, respectively.

[0024] Continue to refer Figure 1 , the number of the power type battery cells of the present invention is 4, the number of the energy type battery cells is 5, and the number of the MOS switch tubes, inductors and diodes are all 4;

[0025] The negative end of the first power cell is connected to the negative end of the first energy cell and the negative end of the DC load, the first to fourth power cells are connected in series, and the first to fifth energy cells are connected in series; the positive end of the first power cell is connected to the positive end of the first diode and the source of the first MOS switch tube, the negative end of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first inductor, and the second end of the first inductor is connected to the positive end of the first energy cell;

[0026] The positive end of the second power cell is connected to the positive end of the second diode and the source of the second MOS switch tube, the negative end of the second diode is connected to the first end of the second inductor, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the positive end of the second energy cell and the drain of the first MOS switch tube;

[0027] The positive end of the third power cell is connected to the positive end of the third diode and the source of the third MOS switch tube, the negative end of the third diode is connected to the first end of the third inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the positive end of the third energy cell and the drain of the second MOS switch tube;

[0028] The positive end of the fourth power type battery cell is connected to the positive end of the fourth diode and the source of the fourth MOS switch tube, the negative end of the fourth diode is connected to the first end of the fourth inductor, the second end of the fourth inductor is connected to the positive end of the fourth energy type battery cell and the drain of the third MOS switch tube; the drain of the fourth MOS switch tube is connected to the positive end of the fifth energy type battery cell and the positive end of the DC load.

[0029] Combination Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a control method for an asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system, which is used to control an asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system, and the control method comprises:

[0030] Starting from the first MOS switch tube, a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is sequentially inputted into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and the remaining MOS switch tubes are turned off, so that the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the energy-type battery cell charges and heats the power-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of all the energy-type battery cells supplies power to the DC load; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power-type battery cell charges and heats the energy-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of partially charged power-type battery cells and energy-type battery cells that are not charged supplies power to the DC load.

[0031] Among them, reservations accounted for 30%.

[0032] The present invention needs to use a PWM signal with a smaller duty cycle to control the MOS switch tube, otherwise the inductor voltage will be too high and exceed the limit, resulting in increased energy loss of the power cell, and even overheating and collapse of the lithium battery energy storage system during the heating process.

[0033] In the bidirectional charge and discharge mode, the present invention repeats starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially inputs a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turns off the remaining MOS switches, so that the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, until the temperature of the battery pack composed of the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell is higher than the set temperature, and then controls the conduction mode of all MOS switch tubes to complete the heating.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 , starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially passing a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, including:

[0035] A PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is input to the gate of the first MOS switch tube, and other MOS switch tubes are turned off, so as to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first energy type battery cell and the first power type battery cell;

[0036] Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the first MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first and second energy-type battery cells are boosted to charge and heat the first power-type battery cell, and energy is stored in the first inductor, and the first to fifth energy-type battery cells form a first battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the first MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first power-type battery cell is boosted to charge and heat the first energy-type battery cell, and the second to fifth energy-type battery cells are combined with the first power-type battery cell to form a second battery group to supply power to the DC load.

[0037] exist Figure 2 In the present invention, the first MOS switch tube is operated, and a PWM signal with a smaller duty cycle is passed to the MOS switch tube SW1, and other MOS switch tubes are turned off; under the high level of PWM, the reference Figure 2 In the upper and middle figures, the energy cells C1 and C2 will boost the voltage to charge the power cell G1. The specific power flow path is shown by the small closed dotted line on the left. Energy will be stored in the inductor L1. Figure 2 As shown by the dotted line of the triangle in the middle figure, the energy type cells C1~C5 discharge the DC load; in the PWM low level state, the power type cell G1 charges the energy type cell C1, refer to Figure 2 As shown by the dotted line in the trapezoid in the middle and lower figure, the energy type battery cells C2~C5 and the power type battery cell G1 discharge the DC load. Figure 2 As shown by the closed dotted line on the right side of the lower middle figure, at this time, the energy type battery cell C1 and the power type battery cell G1 complete the AC heating of mutual charging and discharging.

[0038] refer to Figure 3 , starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially passing a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, including:

[0039] The first MOS switch tube, the third MOS switch tube and the fourth MOS switch tube are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the second MOS switch tube to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating from the first to the second energy type battery cell and from the first to the second power type battery cell;

[0040] Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the second MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to third energy type batteries are boosted to charge and heat the first to second power type batteries, and energy is stored in the first to second inductors, and the first to fifth energy type batteries form a third battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the second MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to second power type batteries charge and heat the first to second energy type batteries, and the third to fifth energy type batteries combine with the first to second power type batteries to form a fourth battery group to supply power to the DC load; while the fourth battery group continues to supply power to the DC load, the first inductor and the first power type battery jointly discharge to the first energy type battery.

[0041] The present invention operates the second MOS switch tube, passes a PWM signal with a smaller duty cycle to the MOS switch tube SW2, and turns off the other MOS switch tubes; under the high PWM level, the energy type cells C1, C2, and C3 will be boosted to charge the power type cells G1 and G2. The specific power flow path is as follows: Figure 3 As shown by the small closed dotted line in the upper middle figure, and the inductors L1~L2 complete energy storage, the specific power flow path is shown by the trapezoidal closed dotted line in the middle figure, C1~C5 discharges the DC load, and the specific power flow path is shown by the outer closed dotted line in the middle figure; in the PWM low level state, at this time, the power type cells G1 and G2 charge the energy type cells C1 and C2, and the specific power flow path is shown by the small closed dotted line on the left side of the figure below, and the energy type cells C3~C5 jointly discharge the power type cells G1~G2 to the outside, and the specific power flow path is as shown in Figure 3 As shown by the large closed dotted line on the right side of the figure below; then, due to the excessive current, the inductor L1 will also discharge the energy cell C1 together with the power cell G1. At this time, the energy cells C1~C2 and the power cells G1~G2 complete the AC heating of mutual charging and discharging.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 , starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially passing a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, including:

[0043] The first MOS switch tube, the second MOS switch tube and the fourth MOS switch tube are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the third MOS switch tube to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first to third energy type batteries and the first to third power type batteries;

[0044] Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the third MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to fourth energy type cells are boosted to charge and heat the first to third power type cells, and energy is stored in the first to third inductors, and the first to fifth energy type cells form a fifth battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the third MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to third power type cells charge and heat the first to third energy type cells, and the fourth to fifth energy type cells jointly with the first to third power type cells form a sixth battery group to supply power to the DC load; while the sixth battery group continues to supply power to the DC load, the second inductor jointly with the first to second power type cells discharges to the first to second energy type cells, and after a period of time, the first inductor and the first power type cell jointly discharge to the first energy type cell.

[0045] refer to Figure 4 The present invention operates the third MOS switch tube, passes a PWM signal with a smaller duty cycle to the MOS switch tube SW3, and turns off the other MOS switch tubes. Under the high PWM level, the energy type cells C1, C2, C3, and C4 are boosted to charge the power type cells G1, G2, and G3. The specific power flow path is as follows: Figure 4 As shown by the small closed dotted line in the upper middle figure, energy will be stored in the inductors L1~L3. The specific power flow path is shown by the trapezoidal closed dotted line in the middle figure. At this time, C1~C5 discharges the DC load. The specific power flow path is shown by the outer closed dotted line in the middle figure. In the PWM low level state, the power cells G1, G2, and G3 charge the energy cells C1, C2, and C3. The specific power flow path is as shown in Figure 4 As shown by the large closed dotted line in the middle and lower figure, at this time, C4~C5 and G1~G3 discharge the DC load; then, due to the excessive current, the inductor L2 will also discharge the energy type C1 and C2 together with the power type battery G1 and G2; after that, due to the excessive current, the inductor L1 will also discharge the energy type C1 together with the power type battery G1, as shown in the figure below. Figure 4 As shown by the small closed dotted line in the lower middle figure, at this time, C1~C3 and G1~G3 complete the AC heating of mutual charging and discharging.

[0046] refer to Figure 5 , starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially passing a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, including:

[0047] The first to third MOS switch tubes are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the fourth MOS switch tube, so as to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first to fourth energy type cells and the first to fourth power type cells;

[0048] Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to fifth energy type cells are boosted to charge and heat the first to fourth power type cells, and energy is stored on the first to fourth inductors, and the first to fifth energy type cells form a seventh battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to fourth power type cells charge and heat the first to fourth energy type cells, and the fifth energy type cell combines with the first to fourth power type cells to form an eighth battery group to supply power to the DC load; in the process of the eighth battery group continuously supplying power to the DC load, the third inductor combines with the first to third power type cells to discharge to the first to third energy type cells, and after a period of time, the second inductor combines with the first to second power type cells to discharge to the first to second energy type cells, and after another period of time, the first inductor and the first power type cell combine to discharge to the first energy type cell.

[0049] refer to Figure 5 , starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially passing a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charge and discharge mode, including:

[0050] The first to third MOS switch tubes are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the fourth MOS switch tube, so as to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first to fourth energy type cells and the first to fourth power type cells;

[0051] Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to fifth energy type cells are boosted to charge and heat the first to fourth power type cells, and energy is stored on the first to fourth inductors, and the first to fifth energy type cells form a seventh battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to fourth power type cells charge and heat the first to fourth energy type cells, and the fifth energy type cell combines with the first to fourth power type cells to form an eighth battery group to supply power to the DC load; while the eighth battery group continues to supply power to the DC load, the third inductor combines with the first to third power type cells to discharge to the first to third energy type cells, and after a period of time, the second inductor combines with the first to second power type cells to discharge to the first to second energy type cells, and after another period of time, the first inductor and the first power type cell combine to discharge to the first energy type cell.

[0052] refer to Figure 5 , a PWM signal with a small duty cycle is passed to MOS switch SW4, and other MOS switches are turned off. In the PWM high-level state, the energy-type cells C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 will be boosted to charge the power-type cells G1, G2, G3, and G4. The specific power flow path is as follows: Figure 5 As shown by the small closed dotted line in the upper middle figure, energy will be stored in the inductors L1~L4. The specific power flow path is as follows Figure 5 As shown by the small closed dotted line in the middle figure, at this time, C1~C5 discharge the DC load, and the specific power flow path is as follows Figure 5 As shown by the large closed dotted line in the middle figure; in the PWM low level state, the power type cells G1, G2, G3, G4 charge the energy type cells C1, C2, C3, C4, and the specific power flow path is as follows Figure 5 As shown by the closed dotted line on the right side of the middle and lower figure, at this time, C5 and G1~G4 discharge the DC load; due to the excessive current, the inductor L3 will also discharge the energy type C1, C2, and C3 together with the power type cells G1, G2, and G3; then, due to the excessive current, the inductor L2 will also discharge the energy type C1 and C2 together with the power type cells G1 and G2; finally, due to the excessive current, the inductor L1 will also discharge the energy type C1 together with the power type cell G1. The specific power flow path is as follows: Figure 5 As shown by the closed dotted line on the left side of the lower middle figure, at this time, C1~C4 and G1~G4 complete the AC heating of mutual charging and discharging.

[0053] The present invention provides an asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system and a control method thereof. By introducing MOS switch tubes, inductors and diode elements into the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system, the low temperature battery auxiliary output and lithium battery heating are coordinated and unified, which greatly simplifies the auxiliary control and mutual heating control methods, so that the power type battery cell and the energy type battery cell heat each other and supply power to the outside at the same time. The control method of the present invention introduces a PWM signal into the MOS switch tube, which can make the power type battery cell and the energy type battery cell charge, discharge and heat each other, and form a battery pack to supply power to an external DC load; in addition, the present invention uses PWM signal control to ensure that the system works efficiently and stably. Compared with traditional auxiliary output and charging and heating methods, the present invention has simpler control, better effects, and can provide long-term and stable power supply.

[0054] It is worth noting that the terms "first" and "second" in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0055] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality of components or steps.

[0056] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery cell integrated system, characterized in that: include: Asymmetric multiple power type cells and multiple energy type cells, the number of the power type cells is one less than the number of the energy type cells, the multiple power type cells are connected in series, and the multiple energy type cells are connected in series; Among them, a diode and an inductor connected in series are arranged between the positive end of the nth power type battery cell and the corresponding positive end of the nth energy type battery cell, and a MOS switch tube is arranged between the positive end of the nth power type battery cell and the positive end of the n+1th energy type battery cell; the negative end of the first power type battery cell is connected to the negative end of the first energy type battery cell; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery cell integrated system controls the energy type battery cell to charge and heat the power type battery cell or the power type battery cell to charge and heat the energy type battery cell by the MOS switch tube; in the process of the energy type battery cell charging and heating the power type battery cell, the battery group composed of all the energy type batteries supplies power to the DC load; in the process of the power type battery cell charging and heating the energy type battery cell, the battery group composed of the partially charged power type batteries and the energy type batteries that have not received charging supplies power to the DC load.

2. The asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the power type battery cells is 4, the number of the energy type battery cells is 5, and the number of the MOS switch tubes, inductors and diodes are all 4; The negative end of the first power cell is connected to the negative end of the first energy cell and the negative end of the DC load, the first to fourth power cells are connected in series, and the first to fifth energy cells are connected in series; the positive end of the first power cell is connected to the positive end of the first diode and the source of the first MOS switch tube, the negative end of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first inductor, and the second end of the first inductor is connected to the positive end of the first energy cell; The positive end of the second power cell is connected to the positive end of the second diode and the source of the second MOS switch tube, the negative end of the second diode is connected to the first end of the second inductor, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the positive end of the second energy cell and the drain of the first MOS switch tube; The positive end of the third power cell is connected to the positive end of the third diode and the source of the third MOS switch tube, the negative end of the third diode is connected to the first end of the third inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the positive end of the third energy cell and the drain of the second MOS switch tube; The positive end of the fourth power type battery cell is connected to the positive end of the fourth diode and the source of the fourth MOS switch tube, the negative end of the fourth diode is connected to the first end of the fourth inductor, the second end of the fourth inductor is connected to the positive end of the fourth energy type battery cell and the drain of the third MOS switch tube; the drain of the fourth MOS switch tube is connected to the positive end of the fifth energy type battery cell and the positive end of the DC load.

3. The asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy type battery cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the power type battery cell is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium battery.

4. The asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rated voltages of the energy-type battery cell and the power-type battery cell are equal, and the capacity of the power-type battery cell is less than that of the energy-type battery cell.

5. A control method for an asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system, characterized in that: For controlling the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery cell integrated system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the control method comprises: Starting from the first MOS switch tube, a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is sequentially inputted into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and the remaining MOS switch tubes are turned off, so that the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode; in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the energy-type battery cell charges and heats the power-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of all the energy-type battery cells supplies power to the DC load; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power-type battery cell charges and heats the energy-type battery cell, and a battery pack composed of partially charged power-type battery cells and energy-type battery cells that are not charged supplies power to the DC load.

6. The control method of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the bidirectional charge and discharge mode, starting from the first MOS switch tube, a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is repeatedly input into the gate of each MOS switch tube in turn, and the remaining MOS switch tubes are turned off, so that the asymmetric power-type and energy-type lithium battery cell integrated system is in the bidirectional charge and discharge mode, until the temperature of the battery pack composed of the power-type battery cell and the energy-type battery cell is higher than the set temperature, and then the conduction mode of all MOS switch tubes is controlled to complete the bidirectional charge and discharge heating.

7. The control method of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially inputting a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode includes: A PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is supplied to the gate of the first MOS switch tube, and other MOS switch tubes are turned off, so as to complete bidirectional charging, discharging and AC heating of the first energy type battery cell and the first power type battery cell; Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the first MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first and second energy-type battery cells are boosted to charge and heat the first power-type battery cell, and energy is stored in the first inductor, and the first to fifth energy-type battery cells form a first battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the first MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first power-type battery cell is boosted to charge and heat the first energy-type battery cell, and the second to fifth energy-type battery cells are combined with the first power-type battery cell to form a second battery group to supply power to the DC load.

8. The control method of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially inputting a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode includes: The first MOS switch tube, the third MOS switch tube and the fourth MOS switch tube are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the second MOS switch tube to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating from the first to the second energy type battery cell and from the first to the second power type battery cell; Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the second MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to third energy type batteries are boosted to charge and heat the first to second power type batteries, and energy is stored in the first to second inductors, and the first to fifth energy type batteries form a third battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the second MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to second power type batteries charge and heat the first to second energy type batteries, and the third to fifth energy type batteries combine with the first to second power type batteries to form a fourth battery group to supply power to the DC load; while the fourth battery group continues to supply power to the DC load, the first inductor and the first power type battery jointly discharge to the first energy type battery.

9. The control method of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially inputting a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode includes: The first MOS switch tube, the second MOS switch tube and the fourth MOS switch tube are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the third MOS switch tube to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first to third energy type batteries and the first to third power type batteries; Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the third MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to fourth energy type cells are boosted to charge and heat the first to third power type cells, and energy is stored in the first to third inductors, and the first to fifth energy type cells form a fifth battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the third MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to third power type cells charge and heat the first to third energy type cells, and the fourth to fifth energy type cells jointly with the first to third power type cells form a sixth battery group to supply power to the DC load; while the sixth battery group continues to supply power to the DC load, the second inductor jointly with the first to second power type cells discharges to the first to second energy type cells, and after a period of time, the first inductor and the first power type cell jointly discharge to the first energy type cell.

10. The control method of the asymmetric power and energy type lithium battery integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Starting from the first MOS switch tube, sequentially inputting a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle into the gate of each MOS switch tube, and turning off the remaining MOS switch tubes, so that the asymmetric power type and energy type lithium battery integrated system is in a bidirectional charging and discharging mode includes: The first to third MOS switch tubes are turned off, and a PWM signal with a predetermined duty cycle is passed to the gate of the fourth MOS switch tube, so as to complete the bidirectional charging and discharging AC heating of the first to fourth energy type cells and the first to fourth power type cells; Among them, when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a high level, the first to fifth energy type cells are boosted to charge and heat the first to fourth power type cells, and energy is stored on the first to fourth inductors, and the first to fifth energy type cells form a seventh battery group to supply power to the DC load; when the PWM signal passed through the fourth MOS switch tube is at a low level, the first to fourth power type cells charge and heat the first to fourth energy type cells, and the fifth energy type cell combines with the first to fourth power type cells to form an eighth battery group to supply power to the DC load; in the process of the eighth battery group continuously supplying power to the DC load, the third inductor combines with the first to third power type cells to discharge to the first to third energy type cells, and after a period of time, the second inductor combines with the first to second power type cells to discharge to the first to second energy type cells, and after another period of time, the first inductor and the first power type cell combine to discharge to the first energy type cell.

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