Wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization, in particular to a wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system and method, which comprises a data acquisition module, a regional analysis module, an effective communication region module, a security protection module, a fault prediction module and a grouping management module, the effective communication area module is used for acquiring effective communication areas of sensor node deployment areas, and an overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as a potential deployment area of relay nodes; according to the method, the relay nodes are reasonably planned and arranged, so that the data in the network can be quickly, stably and accurately transmitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system, in particular to a wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system and method. Background Art

[0002] Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with sensing and wireless communication capabilities, which can be used to monitor physical environment information. In practical applications, sensor nodes are usually powered by batteries, and it is difficult to replenish power during operation. Their limited power has become a major obstacle to the further development and optimization of wireless sensor networks. Relay nodes have sufficient power and are usually deployed in the center of the detection area to collect information from nearby sensors and transmit data to the data processing center. Traditional relay node deployment methods often only consider one-sided needs, such as minimizing the number of relay nodes or maximizing network life.

[0003] The communication range and signal propagation capability of nodes in wireless sensor networks are limited. Communication between nodes usually requires multiple hops. As the number of hops increases, the quality of network transmission may gradually decrease, and signal interference and packet loss may occur. Therefore, it is crucial to reasonably plan the number and deployment location of relay nodes to improve the reliability and stability of network transmission. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems raised by the above background technology, the present invention provides a wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system and method.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system, including a data acquisition module, a regional analysis module, an effective communication area module, a group management module, a security protection module, a fault prediction module and a database.

[0006] The data acquisition module is used to collect various environmental data of each network deployment area through various types of sensors. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0007] The signal transmission speed data of the relay node is measured by terrain sensors in different regional locations, including low-lying areas and high points, to obtain various transmission speed parameters.

[0008] Electromagnetic interference monitoring sensors are used to detect electromagnetic interference sources within the network deployment area and monitor electromagnetic interference conditions in real time.

[0009] The electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node is monitored by an electromagnetic measuring instrument to obtain the electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node.

[0010] The transmit power of each sensor is monitored in real time through a spectrum analyzer to obtain the transmit power of each sensor node.

[0011] The temperature of each sensor node is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor to obtain each temperature parameter of each sensor node.

[0012] The regional analysis module sets the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assigns a corresponding dominance value to each area. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0013] The output end of the database is connected to the input end of the regional analysis module. The physical location coordinates of each sensor node are obtained through the GPS positioning terminal of each sensor. For administrative regions, the corresponding administrative region map data in the database is extracted. The administrative region includes the boundary information of cities, counties, towns and smaller administrative units. The physical location coordinates of the sensor node are matched with the corresponding administrative region boundary. If the sensor node is located inside a specific administrative region, it is divided into the cluster area corresponding to the administrative region. For a specific geographic boundary, high-precision geographic data is extracted from the database. The obtained geographic coordinates of the sensor nodes are determined to be within the geographic boundary. If so, they are classified as clustered areas within the geographic location. According to the obtained location coordinates of each sensor node, the signal transmission distance of each sensor node is calculated to obtain the actual transmission distance of each sensor node. The preset standard transmission distance is extracted, and the standard transmission distance is compared with each actual transmission distance. If each standard transmission distance is smaller than each actual transmission distance, it indicates that it is qualified. Otherwise, it indicates that the transmission distance is too long. The corresponding sensor nodes with too long transmission distance are adjusted to the standard transmission distance to obtain the node deployment area. The node deployment area is equally divided into several node sub-areas. The number of sensors in the sub-area is obtained by the number of sensor signals. The area of ​​the sub-area is obtained by the high-definition camera. The node density SC is obtained by dividing the number of nodes by the area of ​​the sub-area. The data transmission rate of the corresponding sensor in the database is extracted and marked as FG. Then the transmission time of the corresponding sensor is obtained. The amount of transmitted data is obtained by the data transmission rate and the transmission time, marked as LC. The formula is used to calculate The dominance value is obtained, where D1, D2 and D3 are preset proportional coefficients, and the dominance value reflects the importance of the sensor nodes in the area.

[0014] The effective communication area module is used to obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area. The overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0015] S1: The output of the effective communication area module is connected to the input of the database, from which the transmit antenna gain and receive antenna gain of the sensor node are extracted, marked as GT and GR respectively;

[0016] S2: The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the effective communication area module, and the transmission power Pt is obtained through the data acquisition module;

[0017] S3: Extract the electromagnetic wave frequency f corresponding to each sensor node in the data acquisition module, and calculate Get the wavelength of the sensor node λ ; c represents the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum;

[0018] S4: Set a minimum receiving power threshold of a sensor node, marked as Pr;

[0019] S5: Using formula The distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end is obtained by reverse calculation, and each effective communication area BC is obtained by taking the distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end as the radius;

[0020] S6: Through the obtained valid communication areas, if two or more valid communication areas overlap with each other, the overlapping area is marked as MK, and the overlapping areas in each communication area are obtained, and each overlapping area is marked as a potential deployment area of ​​the relay node.

[0021] The grouping management module is used to group the sensor nodes in the deployment area where the dominance value is greater than one according to the total amount of transmitted data. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0022] The output end of the regional analysis module is connected to the input end of the group management module. The group management module extracts the data of the sensor node deployment area, which includes the distribution of sensor nodes in each deployment area and the calculated dominance value. The group management module obtains the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area, extracts the dominance threshold value 1 from the database, and the area with a dominance value greater than 1 indicates that there is a large data processing demand in the entire network. The extracted dominance value is compared with the set dominance threshold value 1. If the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area is less than the dominance threshold value 1, it is marked as not meeting the screening area. On the contrary, it is marked as meeting the screening area. If there is a decimal part in the dominance value, it is rounded to one decimal place. , extract the transmission data volume corresponding to each sensor node in the regional analysis module, arrange the transmission data volume from large to small, and then determine the number of groups according to the dominance value. The dominance value and the number of groups are equal to achieve efficient data transmission. The sensor nodes are assigned to different groups in turn. When the dominance value is three, the sensor nodes with the transmission data volume are divided into three groups, and two data volume thresholds are set, namely data volume threshold 1 and data volume threshold 2, and data volume threshold 1 is greater than data volume threshold 2; a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than data volume threshold 1 are divided into the first group, a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than or equal to threshold 2 and less than or equal to threshold 1 are divided into the second group, and the sensor nodes with a transmission volume less than threshold 2 are divided into the third group;

[0023] The relay nodes are allocated according to the groups, and the relay nodes are divided into high performance, medium performance and low performance according to the performance from high to low; for the sensor nodes in the first group, high performance relay nodes are allocated, for the sensor nodes in the second group, medium performance relay nodes are allocated, and for the sensor nodes in the third group, low performance relay nodes are allocated.

[0024] The fault prediction module is used to monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and predict the node failure based on the information. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0025] The output end of the fault prediction module is connected to the input end of the data acquisition module. The fault prediction module monitors the information of the sensor in real time, obtains the temperature parameters {c1, c2, c3, ..., cn} of the sensor node, calculates the average value of all temperature parameters to obtain the temperature average value T1, and calculates the The temperature fluctuation value FR is obtained, where n is the number of temperature parameters.

[0026] Extract the preset temperature parameters in the database, and compare the temperature fluctuation value with the preset temperature parameters. If the temperature fluctuation value is less than the preset temperature parameter, it means that the temperature is normal. Otherwise, a fault signal is generated and sent to the nearest maintenance personnel's mobile terminal. The maintenance personnel's mobile terminal receives the fault signal and repairs the corresponding sensor node.

[0027] The security protection module is used to encrypt data transmission and confirm the identities of both parties. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0028] The security protection module encrypts the data transmitted between relay nodes. When a sensor node sends the collected data to the relay node, the data will be encrypted using the preset key at the sending end. After the relay node receives the ciphertext, it will use the corresponding key to decrypt it.

[0029] Both the sender and receiver of data upload their personal information through the security protection module. The personal information includes ID card information, name and facial image, and uploads the personal information to the cloud server. When each user needs to send data, he / she scans his / her facial information through the display terminal, extracts the facial image in the cloud server, and matches the actual facial image with the extracted facial image. If the match is successful, the user enters the sending interface and the receiving interface. If the match is unsuccessful, the user exits the interface.

[0030] The database is used to store various data parameters of data collection and to extract data information from each module.

[0031] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the deployment of relay nodes in a wireless sensor network, comprising:

[0032] Step 1: Data collection: used to collect various environmental data of each network deployment area through various types of sensors;

[0033] Step 2: Regional analysis: Set the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assign a corresponding dominance value to each area;

[0034] Step 3, effective communication area: used to obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area, and the overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node;

[0035] Step 4: Group management: for the sensor node deployment area with a dominance value greater than one, the sensor nodes therein are grouped according to the total amount of transmitted data;

[0036] Step 5: Fault prediction: used to monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and predict the node failure based on the information;

[0037] Step 6. Security protection: used to encrypt data transmission and confirm the identities of both parties.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving network coverage, and the optimized relay node deployment can fill the signal blind spots and ensure that the network covers a wider area. In large warehouses, sensors in the corners may not be able to communicate directly with the base station. By optimizing the deployment of relay nodes, full coverage can be achieved and the status of the goods can be accurately monitored. Enhanced data transmission reliability. Reasonable relay node layout reduces the interruption and loss of data transmission and improves the integrity and accuracy of data transmission. In the environmental monitoring system, the stable transmission of key environmental data is ensured, providing a reliable basis for decision-making. Reduce network energy consumption, accurately plan the location and working mode of relay nodes, avoid unnecessary energy consumption, and extend the service life of the entire network. Improve network communication efficiency, reduce the number of hops and delays in data transmission, and speed up information transmission. When the network environment changes dynamically, such as new obstacles or node failures, the optimization system can quickly adjust the deployment of relay nodes to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. The following drawings are not intentionally scaled to the actual size, and the focus is on illustrating the main purpose of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1 As shown, on the one hand, the present invention provides a wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system, including a data acquisition module, a regional analysis module, an effective communication area module, a node security protection module, a fault prediction module, a group management module, a database and a cloud server.

[0044] The data acquisition module is used to collect various environmental data of each network deployment area through various types of sensors. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0045] The signal transmission speed data of the relay node is measured by terrain sensors in different regional locations, including low-lying areas and high points, to obtain various transmission speed parameters.

[0046] Electromagnetic interference monitoring sensors are used to detect electromagnetic interference sources within the network deployment area and monitor electromagnetic interference conditions in real time.

[0047] The electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node is monitored by an electromagnetic measuring instrument to obtain the electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node.

[0048] The transmit power of each sensor is monitored in real time through a spectrum analyzer to obtain the transmit power of each sensor node.

[0049] The temperature of each sensor node is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor to obtain each temperature parameter of each sensor node.

[0050] The regional analysis module sets the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assigns a corresponding dominance value to each area. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0051] The output end of the database is connected to the input end of the regional analysis module. The physical location coordinates of each sensor node are obtained through the GPS positioning terminal of each sensor. For administrative regions, the corresponding administrative region map data in the database is extracted. The administrative region includes the boundary information of cities, counties, towns and smaller administrative units. The physical location coordinates of the sensor node are matched with the corresponding administrative region boundary. If the sensor node is located inside a specific administrative region, it is divided into the cluster area corresponding to the administrative region. For a specific geographic boundary, high-precision geographic data is extracted from the database. The obtained geographic coordinates of the sensor nodes are determined to be within the geographic boundary. If so, they are classified as clustered areas within the geographic location. According to the obtained location coordinates of each sensor node, the signal transmission distance of each sensor node is calculated to obtain the actual transmission distance of each sensor node. The preset standard transmission distance is extracted, and the standard transmission distance is compared with each actual transmission distance. If each standard transmission distance is smaller than each actual transmission distance, it indicates that it is qualified. Otherwise, it indicates that the transmission distance is too long. The corresponding sensor nodes with too long transmission distance are adjusted to the standard transmission distance to obtain the node deployment area. The node deployment area is equally divided into several node sub-areas. The number of sensors in the sub-area is obtained by the number of sensor signals. The area of ​​the sub-area is obtained by the high-definition camera. The node density SC is obtained by dividing the number of nodes by the area of ​​the sub-area. The data transmission rate of the corresponding sensor in the database is extracted and marked as FG. Then the transmission time of the corresponding sensor is obtained. The amount of transmitted data is obtained by the data transmission rate and the transmission time, marked as LC. The formula is used to calculate The dominance value is obtained, where D1, D2 and D3 are preset proportional coefficients, and the dominance value reflects the importance of the sensor nodes in the area.

[0052] The effective communication area module is used to obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area. The overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0053] S1: The output of the effective communication area module is connected to the input of the database, from which the transmit antenna gain and receive antenna gain of the sensor node are extracted, marked as GT and GR respectively;

[0054] S2: The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the effective communication area module, and the transmission power Pt is obtained through the data acquisition module;

[0055] S3: Extract the electromagnetic wave frequency f corresponding to each sensor node in the data acquisition module, and calculate Get the wavelength of the sensor node λ , c represents the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum;

[0056] S4: Set a minimum receiving power threshold of a sensor node, marked as Pr;

[0057] S5: Using formula The distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end is obtained by reverse calculation, and each effective communication area BC is obtained by taking the distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end as the radius;

[0058] S6: Through the obtained effective communication areas, if two or more effective communication areas overlap, the overlapping areas are marked as MK, and the overlapping areas in each communication area are obtained, and each overlapping area is marked as a potential deployment area of ​​the relay node. The grouping management module is used to group the sensor nodes in the deployment area of ​​the sensor node with a dominance value greater than one according to the total amount of transmission data. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0059] The output end of the regional analysis module is connected to the input end of the group management module. The group management module extracts the data of the sensor node deployment area, which includes the distribution of sensor nodes in each deployment area and the calculated dominance value. The group management module obtains the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area, extracts the dominance threshold value 1 from the database, and the area with a dominance value greater than 1 indicates that there is a large data processing demand in the entire network. The extracted dominance value is compared with the set dominance threshold value 1. If the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area is less than the dominance threshold value 1, it is marked as not meeting the screening area. On the contrary, it is marked as meeting the screening area. If there is a decimal part in the dominance value, it is rounded to one decimal place. , extract the transmission data volume corresponding to each sensor node in the regional analysis module, arrange the transmission data volume from large to small, and then determine the number of groups according to the dominance value. The dominance value and the number of groups are equal to achieve efficient data transmission. The sensor nodes are assigned to different groups in turn. When the dominance value is three, the sensor nodes with the transmission data volume are divided into three groups, and two data volume thresholds are set, namely data volume threshold 1 and data volume threshold 2, and data volume threshold 1 is greater than data volume threshold 2; a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than data volume threshold 1 are divided into the first group, a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than or equal to threshold 2 and less than or equal to threshold 1 are divided into the second group, and the sensor nodes with a transmission volume less than threshold 2 are divided into the third group;

[0060] According to the grouping, the relay nodes are divided into high performance, medium performance and low performance according to the performance from high to low; the sensor nodes in the first group are assigned high performance relay nodes, the sensor nodes in the second group are assigned medium performance relay nodes, and the sensor nodes in the third group are assigned low performance relay nodes. The division of high performance, medium performance and low performance is made by the technicians according to the relay node parameters, configuration, etc.

[0061] The fault prediction module is used to monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and predict the node failure based on the information. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0062] The output end of the fault prediction module is connected to the input end of the data acquisition module. The fault prediction module monitors the information of the sensor in real time, obtains the temperature parameters {c1, c2, c3, ..., cn} of the sensor node, calculates the average value of all temperature parameters to obtain the temperature average value T1, and calculates the The temperature fluctuation value FR is obtained, where n is the number of temperature parameters.

[0063] Extract the preset temperature parameters in the database, and compare the temperature fluctuation value with the preset temperature parameters. If the temperature fluctuation value is less than the preset temperature parameter, it means that the temperature is normal. Otherwise, a fault signal is generated and sent to the nearest maintenance personnel's mobile terminal. The maintenance personnel's mobile terminal receives the fault signal and repairs the corresponding sensor node.

[0064] The security protection module is used to encrypt data transmission and confirm the identities of both parties. The specific acquisition method is as follows:

[0065] The security protection module encrypts the data transmitted between relay nodes. When a sensor node sends the collected data to the relay node, the data will be encrypted using the preset key at the sending end. After the relay node receives the ciphertext, it will use the corresponding key to decrypt it.

[0066] The output end of the security protection module is connected to the input end of the cloud server. Both parties sending and receiving data upload their personal information through the security protection module. The personal information includes ID card information, name and facial image, and uploads the personal information to the cloud server. When each user needs to send data, scan his or her facial information through the display terminal, extract the facial image in the cloud server, and match the actual facial image of the user with the extracted facial image. If the match is successful, enter the sending interface and the receiving interface. If the match is unsuccessful, exit the interface.

[0067] The database is used to store various data parameters of data collection and to extract data information from each module. The output end of the database is connected to the input section of the cloud server.

[0068] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the deployment of relay nodes in a wireless sensor network, comprising:

[0069] Step 1: Data collection: used to collect various environmental data of each network deployment area through various types of sensors;

[0070] Step 2: Regional analysis: Set the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assign a corresponding dominance value to each area;

[0071] Step 3, effective communication area: used to obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area, and the overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node;

[0072] Step 4: Group management: for the sensor node deployment area with a dominance value greater than one, the sensor nodes therein are grouped according to the total amount of transmitted data;

[0073] Step 5: Fault prediction: used to monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and predict the node failure based on the information;

[0074] Step 6. Security protection: used to encrypt data transmission and confirm the identities of both parties.

[0075] The above is an explanation of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation thereof. Although several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. It should be understood that the above is an explanation of the present invention and should not be considered as being limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system, comprising a data acquisition module, a regional analysis module, a security protection module, a fault prediction module, a group management module and a database, characterized in that: Also included is an effective communication area module; The effective communication area module is used to obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area. The overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node, specifically: S1: The output of the effective communication area module is connected to the input of the database, from which the transmit antenna gain and receive antenna gain of the sensor node are extracted, marked as GT and GR respectively; S2: The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the effective communication area module, and the transmission power Pt is obtained through the data acquisition module; S3: Extract the electromagnetic wave frequency f corresponding to each sensor node in the data acquisition module, through Calculate the wavelength of the sensor node λ , c represents the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum; S4: Set a minimum receiving power threshold of a sensor node and mark it as Pr; S5: Using formula The distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end is obtained by reverse calculation, and each effective communication area BC is obtained by taking the distance d between each transmitting end and each receiving end as the radius; S6: Through the obtained valid communication areas, if two or more valid communication areas overlap with each other, the overlapping area is marked as MK, so as to obtain the overlapping areas in each communication area, and mark each overlapping area as a potential deployment area of ​​the relay node.

2. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The group management module is used to group the sensor nodes in the deployment area where the dominance value is greater than one according to the total amount of transmitted data. The specific method is as follows: The output end of the regional analysis module is connected to the input end of the group management module. The group management module extracts the data of the sensor node deployment area, which includes the sensor node distribution of each deployment area and the calculated dominance value. The group management module obtains the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area, extracts the dominance threshold value one set in the database, and compares the extracted dominance value with the set dominance threshold value one. If the dominance value corresponding to each sensor node deployment area is less than the dominance threshold value one, it is marked as not meeting the screening area. On the contrary, it is marked as meeting the screening area. If there is a decimal part in the dominance value, it is rounded to one decimal place. The regional analysis module is extracted. The transmission data volumes corresponding to each sensor node are arranged from large to small, and then the number of groups is determined according to the dominance value. If the dominance value and the number of groups are equal, the sensor nodes are sequentially assigned to different groups. When the dominance value is three, the sensor nodes with the transmission data volume are divided into three groups, and two data volume thresholds are set, namely data volume threshold 1 and data volume threshold 2, and data volume threshold 1 is greater than data volume threshold 2; a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than data volume threshold 1 are divided into the first group, a part of the sensor nodes with a transmission data volume greater than or equal to threshold 2 and less than or equal to threshold 1 are divided into the second group, and the sensor nodes with a transmission volume less than threshold 2 are divided into the third group; The relay nodes are allocated according to the groups, and the relay nodes are divided into high performance, medium performance and low performance according to the performance from high to low; for the sensor nodes in the first group, high performance relay nodes are allocated, for the sensor nodes in the second group, medium performance relay nodes are allocated, and for the sensor nodes in the third group, low performance relay nodes are allocated.

3. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regional analysis module sets the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assigns a corresponding dominance value to each area. The specific method is as follows: The output end of the database is connected to the input end of the regional analysis module. The physical location coordinates of each sensor node are obtained through the GPS positioning terminal of each sensor. For administrative regions, the corresponding administrative region map data in the database is extracted, and the physical location coordinates of the sensor node are matched with the corresponding administrative region boundaries. If the sensor node is located inside a specific administrative region, it is divided into the cluster area corresponding to the administrative region. For geographic boundaries, high-precision geographic data is extracted from the database, and the geographic coordinates of the sensor node are analyzed to see if they are within the geographic boundary. If so, it is classified as a cluster area within the geographic location. According to the obtained location coordinates of each sensor node, the signal transmission distance of each sensor node is calculated to obtain the actual transmission distance of each sensor node. Transmission distance, extract the preset standard transmission distance, compare the standard transmission distance with each actual transmission distance, if each standard transmission distance is smaller than each actual transmission distance, it indicates that it is qualified, otherwise, it indicates that the transmission distance is too long, adjust the corresponding sensor node with too long transmission distance to the standard transmission distance, obtain the node deployment area, divide the node deployment area into several node sub-areas, obtain the number of sensors in the sub-area through the number of sensor signals, and then obtain the area of ​​the sub-area through the high-definition camera, divide the number of nodes by the area of ​​the sub-area to obtain the node density SC, extract the data transmission rate of the corresponding sensor in the database, marked as FG, and then obtain the transmission time of the corresponding sensor, and obtain the amount of transmission data through the data transmission rate and transmission time, marked as LC, and calculate using the formula The dominance value is obtained, where D1, D2 and D3 are preset proportional coefficients.

4. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection module is used to collect data from each network deployment area through various types of sensors. The specific methods are as follows: The signal transmission speed data of the relay nodes are measured by terrain sensors in different areas, including low-lying areas and high points, to obtain the parameters of each transmission speed; the electromagnetic interference monitoring sensor is used to detect the electromagnetic interference source in the network deployment area, and the electromagnetic interference situation is monitored in real time; the electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node is monitored by an electromagnetic measuring instrument to obtain the electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to each sensor node; the transmission power of each sensor is monitored in real time by a spectrum analyzer to obtain the transmission power of each sensor node; the temperature of each sensor node is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor to obtain the temperature parameters of each sensor node.

5. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault prediction module is used to monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and perform maintenance based on the node fault prediction information. The specific method is as follows: The output end of the fault prediction module is connected to the input end of the data acquisition module. The fault prediction module monitors the information of the sensor in real time, obtains the temperature parameters {c1, c2, c3, ..., cn} of the sensor node, calculates the average value of all temperature parameters to obtain the temperature average value T1, and calculates the Get the temperature fluctuation value FR, where n is the number of temperature parameters; Extract the preset temperature parameters in the database, and compare the temperature fluctuation value with the preset temperature parameters. If the temperature fluctuation value is less than the preset temperature parameter, it means that the temperature is normal. Otherwise, a fault signal is generated and sent to the nearest maintenance personnel's mobile terminal. The maintenance personnel's mobile terminal receives the fault signal and repairs the corresponding sensor node.

6. A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The security protection module is used to encrypt data transmission and confirm the identities of both parties. The specific methods are as follows: The security protection module encrypts the data transmitted between relay nodes. When a sensor node sends the collected data to the relay node, the data is encrypted using a preset key at the sending end. After the relay node receives the ciphertext, it uses the corresponding key to decrypt it. Both the sender and receiver of data upload their personal information through the security protection module. The personal information includes ID card information, name and facial image, and uploads the personal information to the cloud server. When each user needs to send data, he / she scans his / her facial information through the display terminal, extracts the facial image in the cloud server, and matches the actual facial image with the extracted facial image. If the match is successful, the user enters the sending interface and the receiving interface. If the match is unsuccessful, the user exits the interface.

7. A method for optimizing the deployment of relay nodes in a wireless sensor network, characterized in that: A wireless sensor network relay node deployment optimization system applied to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: A1: Used to collect environmental data of each network deployment area through various types of sensors; A2: Set the sensor node deployment area according to the sensor aggregation area and assign a corresponding dominance value to each area; A3: Obtain the effective communication area of ​​the sensor node deployment area, and the overlapping area between any two effective communication areas is determined as the potential deployment area of ​​the relay node; A4: For the sensor node deployment area with a dominance value greater than one, the sensor nodes are grouped according to the total amount of transmitted data; A5: Monitor the sensor node information obtained in real time and predict the node failure based on the information; A6: Encrypt data for transmission and confirm the identities of both parties.

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