Bogie primary suspension device and railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a bogie primary suspension device and a railway vehicle. The primary suspension device comprises a framework, a suspension unit and an axle box, the framework is positioned above the axle box; bearing platforms are arranged on the axle boxes and used for fixing the suspension units; the suspension unit comprises a spiral spring, a positioning structure and a rigidity adjusting component; the spiral spring is fixed between the framework and a bearing platform of the axle box; the positioning structure is located in the spiral spring and provided with an inner cavity. The rigidity adjusting component is arranged in the inner cavity and used for adjusting the transverse rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity of the axle box. The primary suspension device not only can adjust the rigidity in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction, improve the bearing capacity of a vehicle and prolong the service life of an axle box system, but also can effectively reduce wheel track abrasion, restrain snaking motion and side rolling motion of a bogie, and meet the running dynamics performance requirements of stable running and stable performance on the premise of improving the critical running speed of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bogie primary suspension device and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The rail vehicle bogie is a rigid structure that applies vertical, lateral and longitudinal positioning to the wheelset and frame through the primary suspension structure and axle box. In order to increase the critical speed of the rail vehicle and ensure smooth and stable performance during high-speed operation, the primary suspension device must have greater lateral and longitudinal stiffness, as well as vertical stiffness that provides suitable deflection.

[0003] At present, the primary suspension devices of rail vehicles include pull plate type, positioning swing arm type, double pull rod type, guide column positioning, etc. When these positioning methods are applied to high-speed rail vehicles, there are the following problems: 1. The vertical stiffness is too large, and the structural layout of the side beam is relatively high, which leads to large vibrations when running at high speeds. It requires high structural strength of the axle box and bogie frame, and increases the deadweight of the bogie, reducing the load. At the same time, the maintenance space at the bottom of the bogie is small, which is not convenient for maintenance and repair operations. 2. The suspension system with guide column positioning or positioning using dry friction pairs has a small vertical dynamic deformation tolerance, and the lateral and longitudinal stiffness is not easy to guarantee. At the same time, there are problems such as vehicle performance degradation after the friction parts are worn, short maintenance cycle, and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, one object of the present invention is to provide a bogie primary suspension device, which can not only adjust the lateral, longitudinal and vertical stiffness, improve the vehicle's load-bearing capacity and extend the service life of the axle box system, but also effectively reduce wheel-rail wear, inhibit bogie snaking and rolling motion, and achieve the running dynamics performance requirements of smooth and stable performance under the premise of improving the critical speed of vehicle operation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned primary suspension device.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned purpose.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a bogie primary suspension device, comprising a frame, a suspension unit and an axle box; the frame is located above the axle box; a pedestal is provided on the axle box for fixing the suspension unit; the suspension unit comprises a coil spring, a positioning structure and a stiffness adjustment component; the coil spring is fixed between the frame and the pedestal of the axle box; the positioning structure is located in the coil spring, and the positioning structure is provided with an inner cavity; the stiffness adjustment component is arranged in the inner cavity for adjusting the lateral stiffness and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box.

[0007] In the present invention, a suspension device includes a frame, a suspension unit and an axle box. A plurality of suspension units can be provided as needed, preferably two. Two suspension units can be symmetrically provided on the two side bearings of the axle box. The suspension unit under the existing conditions does not take into account the difference between an empty vehicle and a loaded vehicle, so that the design of the stiffness values ​​in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions under two different load conditions is the same, which leads to the problem that the components in the suspension unit are prone to wear, reducing the service life of the entire device. The inventor unexpectedly found that by providing a spiral steel spring in the suspension unit, and also providing a positioning structure and a stiffness adjustment component, a positioning method combining a spiral steel spring and a stiffness adjustment component can be adopted, and the structural characteristics of the steel spring can be utilized while the stiffness adjustment component can be used to adjust the transverse and longitudinal stiffness ranges, which can fully meet the requirements of high-speed operation of rail vehicles, and at the same time ensure that a smaller vertical stiffness is achieved when the vehicle is empty, and a relatively larger vertical stiffness is achieved when the vehicle is loaded, so as to adapt to high-speed rail vehicles with large differences in empty-weight-load ratio.

[0008] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, the frame comprises a frame body, a first mounting seat and a shock absorber mounting seat;

[0009] The first mounting seat is arranged below the frame body and is used for mounting the suspension unit;

[0010] The shock absorber mounting seat is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the frame body along the vertical center line of the axle box and is located above the first mounting seat for connecting a series of vertical shock absorbers.

[0011] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, it also includes a primary vertical shock absorber, which is fixed between the shock absorber mounting seat and the axle box.

[0012] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, the stiffness adjustment component is a laminated rubber pile.

[0013] In the present invention, the stiffness adjustment component is configured as an elastic component, which may be a laminated rubber pile, a herringbone rubber pile, a hollow spiral rubber pile, or a conical rubber pile; preferably, it is configured as a laminated rubber pile or a hollow spiral rubber pile; more preferably, it is a laminated rubber pile. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness adjustment component is configured as a laminated rubber pile, which is configured as a laminated rubber pile in which multiple layers of metal and rubber are vulcanized into one. Such a structure has a large adjustment range for the lateral and longitudinal stiffness, effectively solves the stiffness matching of the primary suspension of rail vehicles under different load conditions, and improves the critical speed of the bogie. It can also reasonably distribute the load-bearing weight of the suspension device, thereby reducing the stress level of the steel spring, avoiding fatigue damage of the steel spring, and extending the service life.

[0014] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, the positioning structure comprises an upper positioning seat and a lower positioning seat;

[0015] One end of the upper positioning seat is fixedly connected to the first mounting seat, and the other end passes through the stiffness adjustment component and is fixedly connected to the lower positioning seat;

[0016] The lower end of the lower positioning seat is connected to the support platform of the axle box.

[0017] In the present invention, a positioning structure without friction pair positioning is adopted, and the upper and lower positioning seats cooperate with each other. Such a positioning structure can solve the gap problem caused by the wear of the friction pair.

[0018] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, the upper positioning seat includes an upper guide pin, a guide body and an upper support portion; the upper support portion is sleeved on the upper guide pin and located on the top of the coil spring; the guide body is vertically arranged below the upper guide pin; a part of the upper guide pin away from the guide body is arranged in the first mounting seat.

[0019] In the present invention, the upper positioning seat can be set as a conical T-shaped structure, and the upper guide pin thereof can be a disc-shaped structure, and a part thereof away from the guide body is set in the first mounting seat. The upper support portion is sleeved on the upper guide pin and is located on the top of the coil spring. The length of the cross section of the upper support portion is the same as the length of the cross section of the coil spring. The guide body is vertically arranged below the upper guide pin, and its outer surface is a conical surface, and a conical cavity structure is arranged inside. This non-solid structure can reduce its own load-bearing capacity. A threaded hole is arranged at the lower end of the cavity, and the guide body passes through the stiffness adjustment component, and the guide body and the lower positioning seat can be connected by bolt connection.

[0020] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, it also includes an isolation gasket, which is sleeved on the upper guide pin and located between the upper support part and the first mounting seat.

[0021] In the present invention, an isolation gasket is also provided, which can be provided with a non-metallic insulating material, so that the stress level of the coil spring can be reduced.

[0022] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, the lower positioning seat comprises a lower positioning seat body, a lower guide pin, a lower support portion, a clamping seat and a clamping spring;

[0023] The inner cavity is arranged in the lower positioning seat body;

[0024] The base is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity; the retaining spring is arranged to fix the stiffness adjustment component on the base; the lower guide pin is arranged below the inner cavity and is connected to the support platform of the axle box; the lower support part is sleeved on the lower guide pin and is located at the bottom of the coil spring.

[0025] In the present invention, the lower positioning seat can be configured as a cylindrical cavity structure, and the stiffness adjustment component can be horizontally disposed in the cavity of the lower positioning seat.

[0026] According to the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention, preferably, it also includes a buffer pad, which is sleeved on the lower guide pin and located between the lower support part and the support platform of the axle box.

[0027] In the present invention, a buffer pad is also provided, which can provide longitudinal stiffness, transverse stiffness and vertical stiffness of a suspension device, reduce low-frequency vibration of the bogie wheelset during operation, ensure stability and stability of the bogie during high-speed operation, and reduce the stress level of the steel spring and increase the fatigue life of the steel spring.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a rail vehicle, preferably comprising the bogie primary suspension device as described above. When the structure of the bogie primary suspension device is optimized, the running stability and load-bearing capacity of the rail vehicle are improved accordingly.

[0029] The bogie primary suspension device of the present invention adopts a positioning method combining a spiral steel spring and a stiffness adjustment component. In addition to utilizing the structural characteristics of the steel spring, the stiffness adjustment component can also be used to adjust the lateral and longitudinal stiffness ranges, which can fully meet the requirements of high-speed operation of rail vehicles, while ensuring a smaller vertical stiffness when the vehicle is empty and a relatively larger vertical stiffness when the vehicle is loaded, thereby being able to adapt to high-speed rail vehicles with large differences in empty-to-weight load ratios. In addition, it can also effectively reduce wheel-rail wear, suppress bogie snaking and rolling motions, and achieve the running dynamics performance requirements of smooth and stable performance under the premise of increasing the critical speed of vehicle operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the suspension unit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper positioning seat of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower positioning seat of the present invention.

[0034] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0035] 1-frame, 11-frame body, 12-first mounting seat, 13-shock absorber mounting seat;

[0036] 2-suspension unit, 21-helical spring, 221-upper positioning seat, 2211-upper guide pin, 2212-guide body, 2213-upper support portion, 222-lower positioning seat, 2221-lower positioning seat body, 2222-lower guide pin, 2223-lower support portion, 2224-clamping seat, 2225-circlip, 223-isolating gasket, 224-buffer pad, 23-rigidity adjustment component;

[0037] 3- axle box, 31- bearing platform;

[0038] 4-First-order vertical shock absorber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the suspension unit of the present invention. Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper positioning seat of the present invention. Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower positioning seat of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the bogie primary suspension device of the present invention includes a frame 1, a suspension unit 2, an axle box 3 and a primary vertical shock absorber 4.

[0043] The axle box 3 may be any of those known in the art. A support 31 is provided on the axle box 3, and a through hole is provided on the support 31 for fixing the suspension unit 2.

[0044] The frame 1 is located above the axle box 3. The frame 1 is provided with a frame body 11, two first mounting seats 12 and a shock absorber mounting seat 13. The two first mounting seats 12 are respectively arranged below the frame body 11 for mounting two suspension units 2. The shock absorber mounting seat 13 is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the frame body 11 along the vertical center line of the axle box 3 and is located above the two first mounting seats 12 for connecting a series of vertical shock absorbers 4.

[0045] The suspension unit 2 is arranged between the frame 1 and the support platform 1 of the axle box 3. In this embodiment, two suspension units 2 are arranged, and the two suspension units 2 are symmetrically arranged on the through holes of the support platform 31 on both sides of the axle box 3.

[0046] The suspension unit 2 includes a coil spring 21, a positioning structure and a stiffness adjustment component 23. The coil spring 21 is fixed between the frame 1 and the support 31 of the axle box 3. The positioning structure is located in the coil spring 21, which is provided with an inner cavity. The stiffness adjustment component 23 is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity, and is used to adjust the lateral and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box 3. In this embodiment, the stiffness adjustment component is a laminated rubber pile, which is a laminated rubber pile in which multiple layers of metal and rubber are vulcanized into one, so as to adjust the lateral stiffness value and the longitudinal stiffness value. The positioning method combining the coil spring (steel spring) and the laminated rubber pile makes full use of the robustness, fast energy storage speed, long life of the steel spring and the large longitudinal and lateral stiffness adjustment range of the laminated rubber pile, which can fully meet the requirements of high-speed operation of rail vehicles.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the positioning structure includes an upper positioning seat 221, a lower positioning seat 222, an isolation pad 223 and a buffer pad 224. The positioning structure without friction pair positioning is adopted, and the upper and lower positioning seats cooperate with each other. Such a positioning structure can solve the gap problem caused by the wear of the friction pair.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the upper positioning seat 221 is set as a conical T-shaped structure, which includes an upper guide pin 2211, a guide body 2212 and an upper support portion 2213. The three can be integrally formed. The upper guide pin 2211 is a disc-shaped structure, a part of which is away from the guide body 2212 and is arranged in the first mounting seat 12, and the other part is exposed outside the first mounting seat 12. The upper support portion 2213 is sleeved on the upper guide pin 2211 and is located on the top of the coil spring 21. The length of the cross section of the upper support portion 2213 is the same as the length of the cross section of the coil spring 21. The guide body 2212 is vertically arranged below the upper guide pin 2211, and its outer surface is a conical surface, and a conical cavity structure is arranged inside. A threaded hole is arranged at the lower end of the cavity, and the guide body 2212 and the lower positioning seat 222 are connected by bolt connection. Specifically, the guide body 2212 passes through the stiffness adjustment component 23, and then the guide body 2212 and the lower positioning seat 222 are connected by bolts that cooperate with the threaded holes at the lower end of the inner cavity of the guide body 2212. The isolation gasket 223 is sleeved on the upper guide pin 2211 and is located between the upper support portion 2213 and the first mounting seat 12. In this embodiment, the isolation gasket 223 is set to a non-metallic insulating material, and the first mounting seat 12, the isolation gasket 223 and the upper support portion 2213 are fixed by bolts.

[0049] like Figure 4 and Figure 2As shown, the lower positioning seat 222 is configured as a cylindrical cavity structure, which includes a lower positioning seat body 2221, a lower guide pin 2222, a lower support portion 2223, a clamping seat 2224 and a retaining spring 2225. An inner cavity is provided in the lower positioning seat body 2221; the clamping seat 2224 is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity, and the stiffness adjustment component 23 is fixed to the clamping seat 2224 by the retaining spring 2225. The lower guide pin 2222 is provided below the inner cavity 2221. The lower support portion 2223 is sleeved on the lower guide pin 2222 and is located at the bottom of the coil spring 21. The buffer pad 224 is sleeved on the lower guide pin 2222 and is located between the lower support portion 2223 and the support platform 31 of the axle box 3. The lower guide pin 2222 is vertically inserted into the through hole of the support platform 31 of the axle box 3 through the buffer pad 224, thereby achieving the fixation of the suspension unit 2.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] The difference from the first embodiment is that the stiffness adjustment component 23 is configured as a hollow spiral rubber pile structure, and the rest is the same as the first embodiment.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment provides a rail vehicle, which includes the primary suspension device described in Embodiment 1. When the structure of the primary suspension device is optimized, the running stability and load-bearing capacity of the rail vehicle are improved accordingly.

[0054] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Without departing from the essential content of the present invention, any deformation, improvement and substitution that can be conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bogie primary suspension device, characterized in that: Includes frame, suspension unit and axle box; The frame is located above the axle box; The axle box is provided with a support for fixing the suspension unit; The suspension unit includes a coil spring, a positioning structure and a stiffness adjustment component; the coil spring is fixed between the frame and the support platform of the axle box; the positioning structure is located in the coil spring, and the positioning structure is provided with an inner cavity; the stiffness adjustment component is arranged in the inner cavity, and is used to adjust the lateral stiffness and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The frame includes a frame body, a first mounting seat and a shock absorber mounting seat; The first mounting seat is arranged below the frame body and is used for mounting the suspension unit; The shock absorber mounting seat is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the frame body along the vertical center line of the axle box and is located above the first mounting seat for connecting a series of vertical shock absorbers.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that It also includes a series of vertical shock absorbers, which are fixed between the shock absorber mounting seat and the axle box.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The stiffness adjustment component is a laminated rubber pile.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The positioning structure includes an upper positioning seat and a lower positioning seat; One end of the upper positioning seat is fixedly connected to the first mounting seat, and the other end passes through the stiffness adjustment component and is fixedly connected to the lower positioning seat; The lower end of the lower positioning seat is connected to the support platform of the axle box.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The upper positioning seat comprises an upper guide pin, a guide body and an upper support portion; The upper support portion is sleeved on the upper guide pin and is located on the top of the coil spring; the guide body is vertically arranged below the upper guide pin; and a portion of the upper guide pin away from the guide body is arranged in the first mounting seat.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that It also includes an isolation gasket, which is sleeved on the upper guide pin and located between the upper support part and the first mounting seat.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The lower positioning seat comprises a lower positioning seat body, a lower guide pin, a lower support portion, a clamping seat and a clamping spring; The inner cavity is arranged in the lower positioning seat body; The base is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity; the retaining spring is arranged to fix the stiffness adjustment component on the base; the lower guide pin is arranged below the inner cavity and is connected to the support platform of the axle box; the lower support part is sleeved on the lower guide pin and is located at the bottom of the coil spring.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that It also includes a buffer pad, which is sleeved on the lower guide pin and located between the lower support portion and the support platform of the axle box.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a bogie primary suspension device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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