Ecological scouring protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation

Abstract

The ecological scouring protection structure for the offshore wind turbine pile foundation comprises a wind turbine foundation, a plurality of spoilers and an anti-scouring mechanism, and the spoilers are connected to the peripheral side of the wind turbine foundation and extend in the radial direction of the wind turbine foundation so that the space between a circular bottom plate and the wind turbine foundation can be divided into a plurality of sediment sedimentation spaces; a biomass block assembly is arranged in each sediment settling space and is used for placing sea grass seeds; wherein the anti-scour mechanism on each sediment precipitation space can reduce the flow velocity of seawater, can also filter sediment flowing through the seawater, enables sediment impurities to fall onto the biomass block assembly, prevents the sediment in the sediment precipitation space from being scoured away by the seawater, provides nutrient substances for sea grass production, and can further improve the scour protection capability; the structure is simple, and the ecological environment is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power engineering, and in particular to an ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundations. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power has developed rapidly in recent years due to its advantages such as high wind speed, long effective power generation hours, and no occupation of land resources. However, offshore wind turbine pile foundations are affected by the complex hydrodynamic environment of the ocean, and scouring is prone to occur around the pile foundations, resulting in reduced pile bearing capacity, foundation tilting, and even the serious consequence of the overall collapse of the wind turbine. Therefore, scouring protection measures are crucial.

[0003] At present, scour protection measures are generally implemented by laying protective layers or reducing the erosion ability of water flow. However, the existing scour protection measures, such as riprap and sandbags, are unstable and still have the risk of scour protection failure over time; at the same time, traditional scour protection measures have complex procedures, high maintenance costs in the later stage, and require regular inspections; and they will have an adverse impact on the surrounding ecological environment and are not conducive to long-term development.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides an ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundations to solve the problem that traditional scour protection measures in related technologies have complex procedures, high subsequent operation and maintenance costs, and require regular inspections; and may have an adverse impact on the surrounding ecological environment and be detrimental to long-term development.

[0006] In a first aspect, an ecological scour protection structure for an offshore wind turbine pile foundation is provided, comprising: A wind turbine foundation, wherein the wind turbine foundation is connected to a circular bottom plate for connecting to the seabed; A plurality of spoilers, wherein the spoilers are connected to the outside of the fan foundation along the circumferential direction, and the spoilers divide the space between the circular bottom plate and the fan foundation into a plurality of sediment sedimentation spaces; each sediment sedimentation space is provided with a biomass block assembly for placing seaweed seeds; Among them, each sediment sedimentation space is also provided with an anti-scouring mechanism to prevent the sediment around the fan foundation from being washed away.

[0007] In some embodiments, the biomass block assembly includes several rows of stacked protective cages, wherein sand and water-absorbing sponges are provided inside the protective cages; and seaweed seeds are placed inside the sand and water-absorbing sponges.

[0008] In some embodiments, the stacking height of several rows of the protective cages gradually decreases from close to the wind turbine foundation to the outside and the rows are spaced apart from each other.

[0009] In some embodiments, the anti-scouring mechanism includes a protective net, the side of the protective net close to the spoiler is connected to the side of the spoiler through a fixing rope, and the spoiler is provided with a shaking structure capable of shaking off the mud and sand on the protective net.

[0010] In some embodiments, the shaking structure includes a plurality of floating blocks, and the plurality of floating blocks are sequentially spaced apart on the fixed rope along the length direction; It also includes a first rotating shaft, which is rotatably set on the spoiler. A plurality of cams are arranged on the first rotating shaft. The plurality of cams correspond to a plurality of floating blocks one by one. When the cam rotates, at least one position can push the corresponding floating block to move. A first driving structure that can drive the first rotating shaft to rotate is provided on the fan base.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first driving structure includes a cylinder rotatably arranged on the outside of the fan base, a plurality of spiral blades are arranged on the outside of the cylinder, retaining rings are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and a connecting component which is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft is arranged on the retaining ring at the lower end of the cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, a circular ring seat is provided on the retaining ring at the lower end of the cylinder, and the connecting assembly includes a first bevel gear arranged at the upper end of the first rotating shaft and an annular rack arranged on the lower side of the circular ring seat, and the first bevel gear and the annular rack are meshed and connected.

[0013] In some embodiments, a circular hole is provided on one side of the circular bottom plate close to the fan foundation, the circular bottom plate is connected to the fan foundation through a plurality of connecting rods, a conveying channel is radially opened in the circular bottom plate at the bottom of each sediment precipitation space, the outer end of the conveying channel is connected to the circular hole, a screw is rotatably arranged in the conveying channel, a plurality of sand leakage holes are opened on the circular bottom plate, and the sand leakage holes are connected to the conveying channel; The fan base is provided with a second driving structure capable of driving the screw to rotate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second driving assembly includes a mounting box, a second rotating shaft is vertically rotatably arranged in the mounting box, a second bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second rotating shaft, an upper end of the second rotating shaft passes through the mounting box and a gear is arranged at the end, a gear ring is arranged on the inner side surface of the annular seat, and the gear and the gear ring are meshingly connected; A third rotating shaft is horizontally rotatably arranged in the installation box, and a third bevel gear meshingly connected with the lower second bevel gear is arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft is drivingly connected with the screw.

[0015] In some embodiments, the lower end of the wind turbine foundation extends out of a circular bottom plate and is inserted into the seabed, a plurality of fixing plates are circumferentially provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate, and a plurality of fixing columns inserted into the seabed are provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include: 1. The present application uses spoilers to form multiple sediment sedimentation spaces, and then performs anti-scouring treatment on each sediment sedimentation space, including a shaking protective net, which can prevent the flowing seawater from impacting the sediment around the wind turbine foundation, and cover the sediment in the sedimentation space, allowing it to settle freely, reducing the loss of sediment. Secondly, the protective net can block the sediment and other organic impurities in the flowing seawater, reduce the flow rate of seawater, and play a better anti-scouring protection role; 2. Secondly, it also includes setting up multiple rows of stacked protection cages from the inside to the outside, with sand and absorbent sponges for seaweed seeds inside the protection cages. The organic impurities shaken off the protection nets are shaken off onto the protection cages, so that the seaweed can absorb nutrients from the sediment and slow down the flow rate of seawater when it grows up. At the same time, the rhizomes of seaweed can stabilize the sediment, reduce maintenance costs, and be friendly to the ecological environment. At the same time, the sediment shaken off the protection nets can also serve to backfill the scouring pits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view at AA in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view at CC; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at DD in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the biomass component.

[0018] In the figure: 1. fan foundation; 2. circular bottom plate; 21. circular ring hole; 22. connecting rod; 23. sand leakage hole; 24. installation box; 25. conveying channel; 26. screw; 3. spoiler; 31. fixing column; 32. fixing plate; 33. notch groove; 34. flow blocking hole; 4. protective net box; 5. fixing rope; 51. floating block; 52. protective net; 6. first rotating shaft; 61. cam; 62. first bevel gear; 7. circular ring seat; 71. gear ring; 72. ring rack; 8. first rotating shaft; 81. gear; 82. second bevel gear; 83. third rotating shaft; 84. third bevel gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Offshore wind power has developed rapidly in recent years due to its advantages such as high wind speed, long effective power generation hours, and no occupation of land resources. However, offshore wind turbine pile foundations are affected by the complex hydrodynamic environment of the ocean, and scouring is prone to occur around the pile foundation, resulting in reduced bearing capacity of the pile body, tilting of the foundation, and even serious consequences such as the collapse of the wind turbine as a whole. Therefore, scouring protection measures are crucial.

[0021] At present, scour protection measures are generally implemented by laying protective layers or reducing the erosion ability of water flow. However, the existing scour protection measures, such as riprap and sandbags, are unstable and still have the risk of scour protection failure over time; at the same time, traditional scour protection measures have complex procedures, high maintenance costs in the later stage, and require regular inspections; and they will have an adverse impact on the surrounding ecological environment and are not conducive to long-term development.

[0022] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundations.

[0023] Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present application provide an ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundations to solve the problem that traditional scour protection measures in related technologies have complex procedures, high subsequent operation and maintenance costs, and require regular inspections; and also have adverse effects on the surrounding ecological environment and are not conducive to long-term development. Example 1

[0024] See also Figure 1-3 , an ecological scour protection structure for an offshore wind turbine pile foundation, comprising a wind turbine foundation 1 and a plurality of spoilers 3.

[0025] The wind turbine foundation is connected with a circular bottom plate 2 for connecting to the seabed.

[0026] A plurality of the spoilers 3 are circumferentially connected to the outer side of the fan foundation 1, and the plurality of the spoilers 3 divide the space between the circular bottom plate 2 and the fan foundation 1 into a plurality of silt sedimentation spaces, each of which is provided with a biomass block assembly for placing seaweed seeds and an anti-scouring mechanism for preventing the silt around the fan foundation 1 from being washed away.

[0027] Among them, several spoilers are evenly arranged at intervals, and each spoiler is provided with a plurality of flow-blocking holes 5, which can allow water to pass through, reduce the impact of water flow, prevent the formation of vortex, and make the sediment settle into sludge in the sediment settling space.

[0028] The biomass block assembly includes several rows of stacked protection boxes 4 and protection nets 52. The stacking height of the several rows of protection boxes 4 gradually decreases from near the wind turbine foundation 1 to the outside and are spaced apart from each other. Preferably, three rows of stacked protection boxes are provided, and all are arc-shaped. The protection boxes 4 are provided with sand and water-absorbing sponges with seaweed seeds.

[0029] The side of the protective net 52 close to the spoiler 3 is connected to the side of the spoiler 3 through a fixing rope 5. The protective net 52 is inclined downward outward from the wind turbine foundation 1. The spoiler 3 is provided with a shaking structure that can shake off the mud and sand on the protective net 52.

[0030] A plurality of sedimentation spaces are formed by using spoilers 3, and a plurality of rows of stacked protective net boxes 4 are arranged in the sedimentation space. When seawater impacts the protective net 52, the flow rate of seawater is reduced, and then the protective net 52 retains the sediment brought up by the impact of the seawater and covers it in the sedimentation space to allow it to settle freely, thereby reducing the loss of sediment. Secondly, the protective net can block the sediment and other organic impurities flowing through the seawater, and the sediment and other organic impurities are shaken off onto the protective net box 4 by the shaking of the protective net 52, so that the seaweed absorbs nutrients in the sediment and can slow down the flow rate of seawater when it grows up. At the same time, the rhizomes of the seaweed can stabilize the sediment, reduce maintenance costs, and be friendly to the ecological environment. At the same time, the sediment shaken off the protective net 52 can also play a role in backfilling the scouring pit.

[0031] Further, the structure of the protective net box 4 in the biomass block assembly is described: refer to Figure 8 The protective net box 4 is made of high-strength plastic and is a cubic structure with holes on six sides. A plurality of stacked protective net boxes 4 are provided with vertical steel mesh and horizontal steel mesh on the outside to form a mounting frame structure. In this embodiment, the shaking structure includes a plurality of floating blocks 51 and a first rotating shaft 6 .

[0032] A plurality of the floating blocks 51 are sequentially arranged on the fixing rope 5 at intervals along the length direction. The floating blocks 51 are affected by the fixing rope 5 and are closely attached to the side of the spoiler.

[0033] The first rotating shaft 6 is rotatably set on the spoiler 3, and a plurality of cams 61 are provided on the first rotating shaft 6. The plurality of cams 61 correspond to a plurality of floats 51 one by one. When the cam 61 rotates, at least one position can push the corresponding float 51 to move. A cylinder 11 is rotatably set on the outer side of the fan foundation 1, and a plurality of spiral spiral blades 13 are provided on the outer side of the cylinder 11. A retaining ring 12 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 11. A circular ring seat 7 is provided on the retaining ring 12 located at the lower end of the cylinder 11, and an annular rack 72 is provided on the lower side of the circular ring seat 7. The upper end of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first bevel gear 62, and the first bevel gear 62 and the annular rack 72 are meshed and connected.

[0034] Since fixed ropes 5 are provided on both sides of the spoiler 3, when the first rotating shaft 6 drives the cam 61 to rotate, the floating blocks 51 on both sides of the spoiler 3 can be driven to move at the same time, so as to shake off the mud and organic impurities on the protective net 52; in addition, the rotation of the spiral blades 13 on the outside of the cylinder 11 can reduce the probability of vortex formation around the fan foundation 1.

[0035] Preferably, the protrusions of two adjacent cams 61 on the first rotating shaft 6 face opposite directions, so that when the first rotating shaft 6 rotates one circle, the two different types of cams 61 can drive the protection net 52 to shake twice, thereby increasing the shaking frequency. Example 2

[0036] This embodiment is based on the embodiment 1. Figure 4-7 A circular hole 21 is provided on one side of the circular bottom plate 2 close to the fan foundation 1. The circular bottom plate 2 is connected to the fan foundation 1 through a plurality of connecting rods 22. Correspondingly, a notch groove 33 is provided on one side of the spoiler close to the circular hole 21.

[0037] A conveying channel 25 is radially opened in the circular bottom plate 2 at the bottom of each silt sedimentation space, and the outer end of the conveying channel 25 is connected with the annular hole 21. A screw 26 is rotatably arranged in the conveying channel 25. A plurality of sand leakage holes 23 are opened on the circular bottom plate 2, and the sand leakage holes 23 are connected with the conveying channel 25. A second driving structure that can drive the screw 26 to rotate is provided on the fan foundation 1.

[0038] Since the root of the fan foundation 1 is easily affected by the eddy current, scour pits are likely to appear first. When the mud and sand on the protective net 52 are shaken off between the stacked protective net boxes 4, they slide into the conveying channel 25 through the sand leakage holes 23, and then the screw 26 is rotated to convey the mud and sand to the root of the fan foundation 1, so as to quickly backfill the scour pits and improve the anti-scour effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, the second driving assembly includes an installation box 24, in which a second rotating shaft 8 is vertically rotatably arranged, a second bevel gear 82 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the second rotating shaft 8, the upper end of the second rotating shaft 8 passes through the installation box 24 and a gear 81 is provided at the end, a gear ring 71 is provided on the inner side surface of the circular ring seat 7, and the gear 81 is meshingly connected with the gear ring 71.

[0040] A third rotating shaft 83 is horizontally rotatably arranged in the installation box 24 . A third bevel gear 84 meshingly connected with the lower second bevel gear 82 is arranged on the third rotating shaft 83 . The third rotating shaft 83 is drivingly connected with the screw rod 26 .

[0041] The spiral blades 13 on the outside of the cylinder 11 are rotated by impacting the seawater, and the screw rod 26 can be driven to rotate while shaking the protection net 52, thereby eliminating the trouble of setting up other driving mechanisms and simplifying the operation.

[0042] In this embodiment, the lower end of the wind turbine foundation 1 extends out of the circular bottom plate 2 and is inserted into the seabed. A plurality of fixing plates 32 are circumferentially provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate 2, and a plurality of fixing columns 31 inserted into the seabed are provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate 2.

[0043] The wind turbine foundation 1 extends to the bottom of the seabed, and then the fixing plate 32 is used to increase the contact area and improve stability. At the same time, the fixing column 31 can increase the grip of the circular bottom plate and reinforce the seabed around the wind turbine foundation 1.

Claims

1. An ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation, characterized in that: It includes: A wind turbine foundation (1), wherein the wind turbine foundation is connected to a circular bottom plate (2) for connecting to a seabed; A plurality of spoilers (3), wherein the plurality of spoilers (3) are connected to the outside of the fan foundation (1) along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spoilers (3) divide the space between the circular bottom plate (2) and the fan foundation (1) into a plurality of sediment sedimentation spaces; each sediment sedimentation space is provided with a biomass block assembly for placing seaweed seeds; Each sediment settling space is also provided with an anti-scouring mechanism for preventing the sediment around the fan foundation (1) from being washed away.

2. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass block assembly comprises a plurality of rows of stacked protective net boxes (4), wherein sand and water-absorbing sponges are arranged inside the protective net boxes (4); and seaweed seeds are placed inside the sand and water-absorbing sponges.

3. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stacking height of the plurality of rows of protective mesh boxes (4) gradually decreases from close to the wind turbine foundation (1) toward the outside and the rows are spaced apart from each other.

4. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-scouring mechanism comprises a protective net (52), the side of the protective net (52) close to the spoiler (3) is connected to the side of the spoiler (3) through a fixing rope (5), and the spoiler (3) is provided with a shaking structure capable of shaking off mud and sand on the protective net (52).

5. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaking structure comprises a plurality of floating blocks (51), wherein the plurality of floating blocks (51) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction on the fixing rope (5); The fan base (1) further comprises a first rotating shaft (6), the first rotating shaft (6) being rotatably arranged on the spoiler (3), a plurality of cams (61) being arranged on the first rotating shaft (6), the plurality of cams (61) corresponding to a plurality of floating blocks (51) one by one, and when the cams (61) rotate, at least one position can push the corresponding floating block (51) to move, and a first driving structure capable of driving the first rotating shaft (6) to rotate is arranged on the fan base (1).

6. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first driving structure comprises a cylinder (11) rotatably arranged on the outside of the fan base (1), a plurality of spiral blades (13) being arranged on the outside of the cylinder (11), retaining rings (12) being arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder (11), and a connecting assembly which is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft (5) being arranged on the retaining ring (12) at the lower end of the cylinder (11).

7. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A circular ring seat (7) is provided on a retaining ring (12) at the lower end of the cylinder (11), and the connecting assembly comprises a first bevel gear (62) arranged at the upper end of the first rotating shaft (5) and an annular rack (72) arranged on the lower side of the circular ring seat (7), wherein the first bevel gear (62) and the annular rack (72) are meshingly connected.

8. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A circular hole (21) is provided on one side of the circular bottom plate (2) close to the fan foundation (1); the circular bottom plate (2) is connected to the fan foundation (1) via a plurality of connecting rods (22); a conveying channel (25) is radially provided in the circular bottom plate (2) at the bottom of each sediment sedimentation space; the outer end of the conveying channel (25) is connected to the circular hole (21); a screw (26) is rotatably provided in the conveying channel (25); a plurality of sand leakage holes (23) are provided on the circular bottom plate (2); the sand leakage holes (23) are connected to the conveying channel (25); The fan foundation (1) is provided with a second driving structure capable of driving the screw rod (26) to rotate.

9. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second driving assembly comprises a mounting box (24), a second rotating shaft (8) is vertically rotatably arranged in the mounting box (24), a second bevel gear (82) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second rotating shaft (8), the upper end of the second rotating shaft (8) passes through the mounting box (24) and a gear (81) is arranged at the end thereof, a gear ring (71) is arranged on the inner side surface of the annular seat (7), and the gear (81) and the gear ring (71) are meshingly connected; A third rotating shaft (83) is horizontally rotatably arranged in the installation box (24), and a third bevel gear (84) meshingly connected to the lower second bevel gear (82) is provided on the third rotating shaft (83). The third rotating shaft (83) is drivingly connected to the screw rod (26).

10. The ecological scour protection structure for offshore wind turbine pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the wind turbine foundation (1) extends out of the circular bottom plate (2) and is inserted into the seabed. A plurality of fixing plates (32) are provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate (2) along the circumferential direction. A plurality of fixing columns (31) inserted into the seabed are provided on the lower side of the circular bottom plate (2).

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