Ecological scheduling method capable of improving egg laying rate of fishes producing viscous and demersal eggs in reservoir

Abstract

An ecological scheduling method capable of improving the oviposition rate of fishes capable of producing viscous and demersal eggs in a reservoir comprises the steps that slow flow control systems used for building a fish oviposition comfort area in a surrounding and blocking mode are constructed on the two sides of the reservoir along the bank, and a hydro-meteorological monitoring system, an analysis regulation and control system and an ecological oviposition simulation layer of the fishes capable of producing the viscous and demersal eggs are carried on the slow flow control systems; the ecological environment of fish spawning is scheduled and adjusted by using the hydro-meteorological monitoring system, the analysis regulation and control system and the flow slowing and controlling system. According to the invention, prediction and dynamic adjustment can be carried out according to conditions such as weather conditions and dam gate-opening discharge and according to emergency situations such as rainfall and dam gate-opening discharge, and meanwhile, the problems of economic cost caused by real-time monitoring and timeliness of instantaneous regulation and response are avoided, so that the ecological scheduling problem of a reservoir is optimized, and the working efficiency of the reservoir is improved. The fish egg laying is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an ecological dispatching method capable of improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir. Background Art

[0002] Reservoirs refer to reservoirs and hydropower stations built from the upstream to the downstream of a river or river section in order to make full use of water resources in the water conservancy and hydropower development plan of a river. This method is an important way to develop and utilize the water resources of rivers. With the continuous development of hydropower projects, although it has driven the rapid development of social economy, it has had a great impact on the ecological environment for fish survival. Some fish require specific water flow conditions to complete the reproduction process, and the construction of reservoirs may destroy these conditions, resulting in the obstruction of fish reproduction.

[0003] For example, the invention patent CN111395279B discloses an ecological scheduling system suitable for the upstream migration of fish that lay sticky eggs. It uses an imitation reservoir bay wall to separate the slow-flowing water body in the reservoir area from the flowing water body regulated by the upstream tributaries. Habitat conditions and a fish collection and transportation system that attract slow-flowing fish to lay eggs and reproduce are set on one side of the imitation reservoir bay wall to improve the fish passing through the main stream. However, the fish collection and transportation system uses elevators. Many fish will be frightened by the elevators and human capture, resulting in low-quality fertilized eggs or even inability to lay eggs.

[0004] In addition, stepped reservoirs and hydropower stations will artificially intervene in the water volume and flow rate of the river by opening the gates to release water during the rainy season and flood discharge season. For fish that are originally suitable for spawning in the area, this will cause the water flow to suddenly increase due to such human intervention factors, which will also lead to poor quality of fertilized eggs laid by fish, or even no spawning. Therefore, an ecological scheduling method that can reduce the impact of reservoirs on fish spawning is needed to solve this problem and improve the stability and diversity of river fish survival. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ecological scheduling method that can improve the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky eggs in reservoirs, can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity, can predict and dynamically adjust according to sudden situations such as rainfall and dam sluice discharge according to meteorological conditions and dam sluice discharge, and at the same time avoid the economic costs caused by real-time monitoring and the timeliness of instantaneous regulation and response, thereby optimizing the ecological scheduling problem of the reservoir and promoting fish spawning.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky eggs in a reservoir, comprising the following steps: S1. Build a slow-flow control system on both sides of the reservoir to create a comfortable area for fish spawning, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system; S2. Obtain the water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity and meteorological information inside the slow flow control system through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system; S3, by analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted, so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the water-incoming angle according to the water-incoming force, so that the water flow entering the slow flow control system changes its flow direction, and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system is autonomously adjusted and balanced, so as to keep the fish spawning comfort zone at the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state; S4. Analyze the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system through the analysis and control system, and raise and lower the position of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at an appropriate depth from the water surface; make the heat source of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs generate heat, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at a suitable temperature for spawning.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, in addition to the hydrometeorological monitoring system, the slow flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and control system and an ecological simulation layer for spawning of sticky and sinking egg fish, and the hydrometeorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system and the slow flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to obtain water depth and water temperature information in the slow flow control system as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information.

[0009] Preferably, the analysis and control system is used to control the flow velocity in the slow flow control system according to the river flow velocity and meteorological information, control the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water depth, and control the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water temperature.

[0010] Preferably, the slow flow control system is composed of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the water-incoming angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow, and the water-blocking module has an inclined diversion hole.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system includes a water level and temperature monitor for monitoring water depth information and water temperature information, a radar current meter for monitoring river flow rate, and a meteorological monitoring station for monitoring rainfall, wind direction and speed; and the water level and temperature monitor, radar current meter and meteorological monitoring station all use wireless communication and analysis and control systems for data transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by water level and water temperature monitors, river flow velocity information detected by radar flow meters, and meteorological information monitored by meteorological monitoring stations; a data analysis module for analyzing the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on flow control parameters of the slow flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow flow control system according to the data analysis result instructions of the data analysis module.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the support force of the damping adjustment module F The control amount is as follows: At constant water flow rate V 常 Impact force on water blocking module N 0 Adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system is in the appropriate flow velocity range Vmin-Vmax , At variable water flow rate V 变 Impact force on water blocking module N 1 Adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system remains in the appropriate flow range Vmin-Vmax , Support force for damping adjustment module F Adjust to keep the water flow rate constant V 常 Flow rate under V N1 ≥ Vmin , and make it variable water flow rate V 变 Next V N2 ≤ Vmax , Among them, the constant water flow rate V 常 Refers to the flow rate during the dry season or the flow rate during the flood season, variable water flow rate V 变 Refers to wind speed, rainfall and / or dry season flow rate or flood season flow rate after downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0014] Preferably, the slow-flow control system is arranged at intervals of 100-300 meters on both sides of the coast, and the slow-flow control systems located on both sides of the coast are distributed in a staggered manner.

[0015] The invention discloses an ecological dispatching system capable of improving the spawning rate of fishes producing sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir, and adopts the ecological dispatching method capable of improving the spawning rate of fishes producing sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir.

[0016] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The ecological scheduling method of the present invention can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity, and can predict and dynamically adjust according to sudden situations such as rainfall and dam gate opening and discharge according to meteorological conditions and dam gate opening and discharge, while avoiding the economic costs caused by real-time monitoring and the timeliness of instantaneous regulation and response, thereby optimizing the ecological scheduling of reservoirs and promoting fish spawning. In addition, the slow-flow control system used in the present invention does not have electronic control components, which can effectively avoid the problem of fish being frightened due to electronic control, so that the ecological scheduling method of the present invention has higher adaptability and can be applied to the ecological scheduling of more reservoirs, thereby improving the problem of low spawning rate of reservoir fish. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the ecological scheduling method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the slow flow control system of the present invention; Figure 3 is a system block diagram of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 4 A system block diagram of the analysis and control system of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the staggered distribution of the slow flow control system of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the symmetrical distribution of the slow flow control system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] There will be many sections with different river flow rates in the reservoir, and there is diversity in the fish in the river. Different fish have different spawning preferences. Specifically, different types of fish have their own unique needs for environmental factors such as water flow rate, water depth, and bait during reproduction. For example, the Dabry's sturgeon, which lays sticky and sinking eggs, generally spawns near the main river channel, and its spawning flow rate is 1.2~1.5m / s. The ecological scheduling of river water depth, bait, etc. is relatively simple, while the river flow rate problem is a relatively thorny problem due to the intervention of human dam construction, seasonal effects of dry season and flood season, and rainfall. In this regard, the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow rate can be effectively alleviated by using the designed slow flow control system, hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, and analysis and control system. It can be dynamically adjusted according to the preset according to the dry season, flood season, meteorological conditions, and dam gate opening and discharge, avoiding the economic cost caused by real-time monitoring and the timeliness of instantaneous regulation and response, thereby optimizing the ecological scheduling of the reservoir and promoting the spawning rate of fish.

[0019] The present invention provides an ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky sinking eggs in a reservoir. A slow-flow control system for enclosing and constructing a comfortable zone for fish spawning is constructed along the banks of both sides of the reservoir, and a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, an analysis and control system, and an ecological simulation layer for spawning of fish that lay sticky sinking eggs are installed on the slow-flow control system. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system, and the slow-flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning; the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to obtain water depth, water temperature information, river flow velocity, and meteorological information in the slow-flow control system; the analysis and control system is used to control the flow velocity in the slow-flow control system according to the river flow velocity and meteorological information, control the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer for fish that lay sticky sinking eggs according to the water depth, and control the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer for fish that lay sticky sinking eggs according to the water temperature.

[0020] The specific steps are: S1. Build a slow-flow control system on both sides of the reservoir to create a comfortable area for fish spawning, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system; S2. Obtain the water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity and meteorological information inside the slow flow control system through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system; S3, by analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted, so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the water-incoming angle according to the water-incoming force, so that the water flow entering the slow flow control system changes its flow direction, and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system is autonomously adjusted and balanced, so as to keep the fish spawning comfort zone at the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state; S4. Analyze the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system through the analysis and control system, and raise and lower the position of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at an appropriate depth from the water surface; make the heat source of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs generate heat, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at a suitable temperature for spawning.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S1, in addition to the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the slow flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and control system and an ecological simulation layer for spawning of sticky and sinking egg fish. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system and the slow flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

[0022] Furthermore, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to obtain water depth and water temperature information in the slow flow control system as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information.

[0023] Furthermore, the analysis and control system is used to control the flow velocity in the slow flow control system according to the river flow velocity and meteorological information, control the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water depth, and control the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water temperature.

[0024] Furthermore, the slow flow control system is composed of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the water-frontage angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow, and the water-blocking module has an inclined diversion hole.

[0025] The slow-flow control system can use the diversion holes to divert the water flow on the water surface and close to the center of the river, so that it flows out of the slow-flow control system. Compared with the solution of adopting complete flow blocking, it can not only ensure that the water flow in the slow-flow control system maintains an appropriate flow rate, but also reduce the loss of the slow-flow control system; and the slow-flow control system is set up, which can automatically adjust the water-facing angle between the water blocking module and the water flow according to the current river flow rate, with the impact of the water flow and the cooperation of the damping adjustment module, so that the frequency of real-time regulation and flow rate monitoring can be greatly reduced, and the problem of slow system processing and regulation response can be avoided; and the supporting force of the damping adjustment module of each slow-flow control system can be adjusted F This allows each slow-flow control system to have a different internal flow rate, making it suitable for different types of fish to spawn, thereby improving the ecology of multiple fish populations in the basin and minimizing the impact of human construction of dams and other structures on fish in the basin.

[0026] Furthermore, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system includes water level and water temperature monitors for monitoring water depth information and water temperature information, radar current meters for monitoring river flow rate, and meteorological monitoring stations for monitoring rainfall, wind direction and wind speed; and the water level and water temperature monitors, radar current meters and meteorological monitoring stations all use wireless communication and analysis and control systems for data transmission.

[0027] Through the setting of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the water depth information, water temperature information, river flow velocity, rainfall, wind direction and speed of the reservoir can be monitored, thereby providing data support for the analysis and regulation of the slow flow control system, effectively alleviating the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity and promoting fish spawning rate.

[0028] Furthermore, the analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by water level and water temperature monitors, river flow velocity information detected by radar flow meters, and meteorological information monitored by meteorological monitoring stations; a data analysis module for analyzing the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on flow control parameters of the slow flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow flow control system according to the data analysis result instructions of the data analysis module.

[0029] By analyzing the settings of the control system, it is possible to analyze the hydrological information detected by the water level and temperature monitors, the river flow velocity information detected by the radar flow meter, and the meteorological information monitored by the meteorological monitoring station, thereby quickly providing prediction and control instructions for the slow flow control system, thereby realizing dynamic control of the river flow velocity.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the support force of the damping adjustment module F The control amount is as follows: At constant water flow rate V 常 Impact force on water blocking module N 0 Adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system is in the appropriate flow velocity range Vmin-Vmax , At variable water flow rate V 变 Impact force on water blocking module N 1 Adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system remains in the appropriate flow range Vmin-Vmax , Support force for damping adjustment module F Adjust to keep the water flow rate constant V 常 Flow rate underV N1 ≥ Vmin , and make it variable water flow rate V 变 Next V N2 ≤ Vmax , Among them, the constant water flow rate V 常 Refers to the flow rate during the dry season or the flow rate during the flood season, variable water flow rate V 变 Refers to wind speed, rainfall and / or dry season flow rate or flood season flow rate after downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0031] Comprehensive analysis based on flow velocity during dry or wet seasons, rainfall changes and / or downstream gate openings can be used to adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module through flow control parameters. F Provide guidance and control to make the support force of the damping adjustment module larger when the flow rate is too high F Reduce to improve the diversion efficiency of the diversion hole, and make the support force of the damping adjustment module smaller when the flow rate is low F Improve to reduce the diversion efficiency of the diversion hole to maintain the water flow velocity in the slow flow control system.

[0032] Furthermore, the slow-flow control system is arranged at intervals of 100-300 meters on both sides of the coast, and the slow-flow control systems located on both sides of the coast are distributed in a staggered manner.

[0033] Comprehensive analysis based on flow velocity during dry or wet seasons, rainfall changes and / or downstream gate openings can be used to adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module through flow control parameters. F Provide guidance and control to make the support force of the damping adjustment module larger when the flow rate is too high F Reduce to improve the diversion efficiency of the diversion hole, and make the support force of the damping adjustment module smaller when the flow rate is low F Improve to reduce the diversion efficiency of the diversion hole to maintain the water flow velocity in the slow flow control system.

[0034] The above ecological scheduling method can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic control of river flow velocity by analyzing and regulating the control system and utilizing the slow flow control system, so that it can be dynamically adjusted according to the preset conditions such as dry season, flood season, meteorological conditions and dam opening and discharging, so that the occurrence of such conditions does not affect the suitable flow velocity for the fish to spawn, and when the water level of the river changes, the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs can still be at a water depth suitable for the fish to spawn. At the same time, the surrounding water temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer area of ​​fish laying sticky eggs is regulated by a heat source to increase the spawning rate of the fish. However, since the use of a heat source will increase the electricity demand of the slow flow control system to a certain extent, and water temperature is usually related to water depth and season, it is also possible to choose whether to set a heat source in the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs as needed according to the actual energy scheduling situation.

[0035] The invention discloses an ecological dispatching system capable of improving the spawning rate of fishes producing sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir, and adopts the ecological dispatching method capable of improving the spawning rate of fishes producing sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir.

[0036] Embodiment 1: An ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish with sticky eggs in reservoirs, such as Figure 1 As shown, a slow-flow control system is constructed along the banks of both sides of the reservoir to enclose and construct a comfortable zone for fish spawning, and a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system and an analysis and control system are installed on the slow-flow control system. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system and the slow-flow control system are used to adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning; the following is a specific description of the slow-flow control system, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system and the analysis and control system: 1. Slow flow control system like Figure 5 As shown, a slow-flow control system is set every 200 meters, and the slow-flow control systems on both sides of the bank are in a staggered distribution state. It can be understood that the staggered distribution means that the slow-flow control system on one side of the bank is at the midpoint position of the two slow-flow control systems on the other side of the bank, that is, at a position of 50 meters, and the slow-flow control system is slidably connected to the river bank through the vertical carrier plates arranged along the bank; The water blocking module of the slow flow control system is two walls, the wall facing the water is wall a, and the wall facing the water is wall b. It can be understood that wall a is hinged and slidable with the vertical carrier plate, and wall b is hinged and fixed with the vertical carrier plate; The height H of the water-blocking module is set according to 1.2 times the river depth, and the length L of the water-blocking module is set according to 0.3 times the river width. The angle between the two water-blocking modules of the slow-flow control system is 60°, and the diversion hole a is inclined at 30° and the hole depth is 50 cm. The transverse arrangement width of the diversion hole a is preferably 3 / 5 of the length L of the wall a, and it is arranged 1m near the hinge point to improve the diversion effect of the diversion hole a and the diversion hole c; the transverse arrangement width of the diversion hole b is preferably 1 / 15 of the length L of the wall a, and it is arranged 2m near the river bank to make the best use of the low flow velocity near the river bank and reduce the impact of artificial fishing on fish reproduction; The transverse arrangement width of the diversion hole c is preferably 2 / 5 of the length L of the wall b, so as to improve the diversion effect of the diversion hole a and the diversion hole c, and at the same time, make part of the water flow discharged through the rapid flow outlet 22, so that part of the water flow slowly flows to the middle area of ​​the slow flow control system, so that the fish spawning comfort zone of the slow flow control system can also maintain a certain flow rate, thereby satisfying the flow rate regulation and controlling to obtain a suitable flow rate for fish spawning; The spawning ecological simulation layer for fish laying sticky sinking eggs is used for spawning of fish laying sticky sinking eggs. The spawning ecological simulation layer for fish laying sticky sinking eggs is slidably set along the inner side of wall b, and its top is connected to the spawning ecological simulation layer for fish laying sticky sinking eggs through a commercially available winch and a connecting rope. The spawning ecological simulation layer for fish laying sticky sinking eggs has a heat source that can adjust the surrounding water temperature, such as a commercially available heating rod, etc. The spawning ecological simulation layer for fish laying sticky sinking eggs is a fish spawning ecological simulation environment composed of layer plates and aquatic plants planted on the layer plates; it can be understood that if a heat source needs to be set, the heat source is embedded in the layer plates.

[0037] 2. Hydrological and meteorological monitoring system The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to obtain water depth and temperature information in the slow flow control system, as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information, such as Figure 3 As shown, it mainly includes the following parts: A water level and water temperature monitor (Jingdao JD-SW4 water level and water temperature monitoring system) used to monitor water depth and water temperature information. This system is used to monitor the water depth and water temperature information in the b area of ​​the wall of the slow flow control system, and wirelessly transmit the collected water level and water temperature and other hydrological information to the analysis and control system; A radar current meter (AN-HWRF20 current meter produced by Chongqing Annain Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.) for monitoring the river flow velocity is used to monitor the river flow velocity information of the wall a located on the water-facing side outside the slow-flow control system, and the collected river flow velocity information is wirelessly transmitted to the analysis and control system; A meteorological monitoring station (NHQXZ601 wireless automatic meteorological observation station of Nenghui Technology) is used to monitor the wind speed and rainfall in the basin where the slow flow control system is located, and the collected meteorological information is wirelessly transmitted to the analysis and control system; 3. Analysis and Control System The analysis and control system is used to control the opening and closing angle of the slow flow control system according to the river flow velocity and meteorological information, to control the height of the spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish laying sticky eggs according to the water depth in the slow flow control system, and to control the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish laying sticky eggs according to the water temperature. Figure 4 As shown, it mainly includes the following parts: A data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information such as water level and temperature, river flow rate information, and meteorological information; A data analysis module for analyzing the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system, analyzing the water depth in the slow flow control system, and analyzing the water temperature in the slow flow control system; A controller (Mitsubishi PLC FX5U-80MT / ES controller) used to control the opening and closing size of the electric gate, control the damping of the damping adjustment module (commercially available adjustable spring damping rod), and control the winding length of the connecting rope of the winch according to the data analysis results of the data analysis module; It can be understood that the data acquisition module and the data analysis module are used to receive, store, process and analyze data, and mainly include but are not limited to these types of equipment, such as: servers for providing computing, storage and management services (including Web servers, database servers and file servers, etc.), storage devices for data storage and management (including direct attached storage DAS, network attached storage NAS and storage area network SAN), network devices for data transmission, management and network security (routers, switches and firewalls), graphics processors GPU for accelerating data computing and processing, data processing machines (card processing machines and automatic computers storing programs) for performing operations such as classification, merging, storage, retrieval and calculation, and software frameworks and tools (Apache Flink, Apache Hadoop, Databricks, Apache Airflow and Trino) for different types of data processing needs (stream processing, batch processing, big data analysis and workflow automation, etc.).

[0038] The flow control parameter refers to the support force of the elastic damping carrier plate 4. F The specific control amount is as follows: At constant water flow rate V 常 Impact force on wall a 1 N0 Adjust the support force of the elastic damping carrier plate 4 F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system is in the appropriate flow velocity range Vmin-Vmax , At variable water flow rate V 变 Impact force on wall a 1 N 1 Adjust the support force of the elastic damping carrier plate 4 F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system remains in the appropriate flow range Vmin-Vmax , Support force for elastic damping carrier plate 4 F Adjust to keep the water flow rate constant V 常 Flow rate under V N1 ≥ Vmin , and make it variable water flow rate V 变 Next V N2 ≤ Vmax Among them, the constant water flow rate V 常 Refers to the flow rate during the dry season or the flow rate during the flood season, variable water flow rate V 变 Refers to wind speed, rainfall and / or dry season flow rate or flood season flow rate after downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0039] Specifically, the above ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of reservoir fish includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity and meteorological information inside the slow flow control system through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system; S2. By analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted, so that the wall a of the slow flow control system can change the water-facing angle according to the water-facing force, so that the water entering the slow flow control system changes its flow direction through the diversion hole a, and this part of the water flows out of the slow flow control system through the diversion hole c, so that the flow velocity in the slow flow control system can be adjusted and balanced autonomously, so as to keep the fish spawning comfort zone inside the wall b in a slow flow state, such as Figure 2 As shown; S3, analyzing the water depth in the slow flow control system through the analysis and control system, controlling and adjusting the winch to pull and release the connecting rope, so as to change the distance between the floating plate and the spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish that lays sticky and sinking eggs, so that the spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish that lays sticky and sinking eggs is at an appropriate depth from the water surface; S4. Analyzing the water temperature in the slow flow control system through the analysis and control system, the heat source is made to generate heat, thereby changing the water temperature in the spawning ecological simulation layer area of ​​the fish that lays sticky eggs and sinking eggs, so that the spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish that lays sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at a suitable spawning temperature.

[0040] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the slow flow control system is adjusted. Specifically, a slow flow control system is arranged every 300 meters, and the slow flow control systems along both sides of the coast are in a staggered distribution state.

[0041] Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the slow flow control system is adjusted. Specifically, a slow flow control system is arranged every 100 meters, and the slow flow control systems along both sides of the coast are in a staggered distribution state.

[0042] Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the slow flow control system is adjusted, such as Figure 6 As shown, specifically, a slow-flow control system is set up every 200 meters, and the slow-flow control systems along both sides of the coast are in a symmetrical distribution state. It can be understood that the symmetrical distribution means that the slow-flow control system on one side of the coast corresponds one to one with the slow-flow control system on the other side of the coast.

[0043] Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the diversion hole a is an oblique opening inclined 20° toward one side of the hinge. It can be understood that the support force of the damping adjustment module is adjusted according to the inclination angle of the diversion hole a and the river flow velocity factor under the normal season. F； It is understandable that the slow flow control system needs to be cleaned once every 1-2 months to prevent large amounts of sediment from accumulating and significantly affecting the movement of the water-blocking module. At the same time, in order to facilitate regular cleaning and maintenance of the slow flow control system, a slide rail bracket can be set up on the river bank, and the slide rail bracket can be connected to the damping adjustment module by sliding up and down. When cleaning and maintenance are required, a crane can be used to lift the slow flow control system out of the water for cleaning.

[0044] Embodiment 6: Now, a first-level river in a reservoir with a water depth of 15m and a width of 50m is taken as an example. The flow velocity of the river is about 3m / s, and the flow velocity near the river bank (2m away) is about 2m / s. The slow flow control system of Example 2 is used for ecological scheduling adjustment, wherein the Dabry's sturgeon (1.2-1.5m / s) that lays sticky and sinking eggs is used as an example for simulation. 1. Reference standards for the construction of slow flow control system: 1) The height of the wall is set according to 1.2 times the river depth, that is, 18m, and the length of the wall is set according to 0.3 times the river width, that is, 15m; 2) Wall a and wall b are made of hollow galvanized steel plates (5 cm thick) as the wall material, of which the thickness of wall a is 50 cm to ensure that there is enough inclination angle and flow path to guide the water flow to the diversion hole c; The diameter of the diversion holes a is 0.5m. They are arranged 1m from one side of the adjustment shaft. Each vertical row of diversion holes a has 15 holes evenly spaced vertically from top to bottom, and 4 rows are arranged at a spacing of 0.5m. The diversion holes b are vertically arranged rectangular holes with a width of 1m and a length of 3m. They are arranged 2m from the river bank. There are 3 diversion holes b evenly spaced vertically from top to bottom, and 2 rows are arranged at a spacing of 1m. 3) The diversion hole c is a vertically arranged rectangular hole with a width of 6m and a length of 15m. The diameter of the diversion hole d is 1m and adjacent diversion holes d are evenly arranged in the remaining space of the wall b with an interval of 0.5m. The layer plate of the spawning ecological simulation layer of sticky and sinking egg fish is a long strip plate with a width of 3m and a length of 8m. The layer plate is perpendicular to the wall b and is slidably connected by a number of slide rails.

[0045] 2. Control methods: The support force of the damping adjustment module can be adjusted F The size makes the river flow velocity in the area of ​​fish spawning comfort zone about 1.4m / s. At this time, the angle between the two walls of the slow flow control system is measured to be 48°. According to the hydrological and meteorological data of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, for example, if it is monitored that there will be a continuous light wind (2.2m / s) and rainy weather (40mm precipitation) for one day in the next three days, and the gate will be opened for discharge, the support force of the damping adjustment module is calculated at this time F When the size remains unchanged, 1) In a day of light wind (2.2 m / s) and rainy weather (40 mm precipitation), the river flow rate in the fish spawning comfort zone is about 1.6 m / s. 2) When the gates are opened to release water, the river flow rate in the fish spawning comfort zone is about 1.7m / s, which can no longer meet the spawning flow rate requirements of Acipenser dabryanus (1.2-1.5m / s). Under the flow rate changes within these three days, the maximum impact flow rate value of 1.7m / s is taken. Therefore, the supporting force F of the damping adjustment module can be reduced, that is, the angle between wall a and wall b can be further reduced at the same water flow rate. At this time, the regional river flow rate in the fish spawning comfort zone is about 1.2m / s. When encountering this weather condition or opening the gate to release the flow in the next three days, the slow flow control system can be used to autonomously adjust with the river flow rate without real-time human intervention, so that it is in the spawning flow rate requirement range of Acipenser dabryanus (1.2~1.5m / s). After adopting the above ecological scheduling method, the spawning rate of Acipenser dabryanus increased by 44.9% compared with the case of continuing to intervene in assisted spawning.

[0046] At the same time, different fish can be divided according to their similarities, for example: the 0.5~1m / s interval is classified into one category, the 1~1.5m / s interval is classified into one category, and the 1.5~2m / s interval is classified into one category, so that the spawning comfort zones of fish in different slow flow control systems have different flow conditions.

[0047] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological dispatching method for increasing the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky eggs in a reservoir, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Build a slow-flow control system on both sides of the reservoir to create a comfortable area for fish spawning, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system; S2. Obtain the water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity and meteorological information inside the slow flow control system through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system; S3, by analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted, so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the water-incoming angle according to the water-incoming force, so that the water flow entering the slow flow control system changes its flow direction, and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system is autonomously adjusted and balanced, so as to keep the fish spawning comfort zone at the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state; S4. Analyze the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system through the analysis and control system, and raise and lower the position of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at an appropriate depth from the water surface; make the heat source of the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs generate heat, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fishes that lay sticky eggs and sinking eggs is at a suitable temperature for spawning.

2. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish with sticky and sinking eggs in reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, in addition to the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the slow flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and control system and an ecological simulation layer for spawning of sticky and sinking egg fish. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system and the slow flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

3. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish with sticky and sinking eggs in reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to obtain water depth and water temperature information in the slow flow control system as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information.

4. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish with sticky and sinking eggs in reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analysis and control system is used to control the flow velocity in the slow flow control system according to the river flow velocity and meteorological information, control the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water depth, and control the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer of fish laying sticky eggs according to the water temperature.

5. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish with sticky and sinking eggs in reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slow flow control system is composed of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the water-frontage angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow. The water-blocking module has an inclined diversion hole.

6. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system includes water level and temperature monitors for monitoring water depth and temperature information, radar current meters for monitoring river flow rate, and meteorological monitoring stations for monitoring rainfall, wind direction and speed; and the water level and temperature monitors, radar current meters and meteorological monitoring stations all use wireless communication and analysis and control systems for data transmission.

7. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by water level and water temperature monitors, river flow velocity information detected by radar flow meters, and meteorological information monitored by meteorological monitoring stations; a data analysis module for analyzing the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on flow control parameters of the slow flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing the water depth and water temperature in the slow flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow flow control system according to the data analysis result instructions of the data analysis module.

8. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the support force of the damping adjustment module F The control amount is as follows: At constant water flow rate V 常 Impact force on water blocking module N 0, adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system is in the appropriate flow velocity range Vmin-Vmax , At variable water flow rate V 变 Impact force on water blocking module N 1, adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module F , so that the fish spawning comfort zone in the slow flow control system remains in the appropriate flow range Vmin-Vmax , Support force for damping adjustment module F Adjust to keep the water flow rate constant V 常 Flow rate under V N1 ≥ Vmin , and make it variable water flow rate V 变 Next V N2 ≤ Vmax , Among them, the constant water flow rate V 常 Refers to the flow rate during the dry season or the flow rate during the flood season, variable water flow rate V 变 Refers to wind speed, rainfall and / or dry season flow rate or flood season flow rate after downstream sluice gates are opened.

9. The ecological dispatching method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky and sinking eggs in a reservoir according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slow-flow control system is arranged at intervals of 100-300 meters on both sides of the coast, and the slow-flow control systems located on both sides of the coast are arranged in a staggered distribution manner.

10. An ecological dispatching system capable of increasing the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky eggs in a reservoir, characterized in that: An ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of fish that lay sticky eggs in a reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted.

Images