Solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure and arc extinguishing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid-liquid series conversion combined electro-hydraulic effect arc extinguishing structure and an arc extinguishing method, the solid-liquid series conversion combined electro-hydraulic effect arc extinguishing structure comprises an upper arc extinguishing device and a lower electro-hydraulic arc extinguishing device which are distributed downwards, the top end of the upper arc extinguishing device is vertically upwards provided with a grounding rod, and the top end of the lower electro-hydraulic arc extinguishing device is connected with an arc leading-in end at the edge of the bottom of the upper arc extinguishing device. The upper arc-extinguishing device comprises an upper arc-extinguishing shell, an insulating turntable rotatably arranged in the arc-extinguishing shell and a plurality of arc-extinguishing balls vertically arranged in the insulating turntable in a surrounding manner at intervals, the lower end of the grounding rod extends into the top end in the arc-extinguishing shell, and when the arc-extinguishing balls rotate to a triggering position along with the insulating turntable in the arc-extinguishing shell, the grounding rod is grounded. The upper end of the arc extinguishing ball and the lower end of the grounding rod are mutually clamped and limited, and the lower end of the arc extinguishing ball and the top end of the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device are arranged in a gap or clamped and limited mode. According to the arc extinguishing method, the dual effects of reducing U50% and improving the arc extinguishing pressure intensity peak value of the liquid-electric effect are achieved, the arc deposition energy is improved, and the arc extinguishing capacity is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, and in particular to a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure and an arc extinguishing method. Background Art

[0002] Lightning will generate high voltage current and electromagnetic radiation during its propagation, which will have a serious impact on the safety and reliability of the power system. Therefore, in the design and operation of transmission lines, it is necessary to fully consider the lightning protection of the power grid and take appropriate lightning protection measures to ensure the stable operation of the line. At present, the main protection measures include ground grid resistance reduction, erection of lightning rods and lightning conductors, and installation of line lightning arresters, among which the installation of lightning arresters is the most widely used. Zinc oxide lightning arresters are currently one of the most commonly used lightning arresters. Their working principle is to use the impedance change characteristics of zinc oxide valve plates to form a low impedance path when lightning strikes, and lead lightning to the lightning arrester for discharge, thereby protecting electrical equipment and personnel safety. Traditional zinc oxide lightning arresters have the advantages of superior protection characteristics, large current capacity, and good pollution resistance. They are widely used in various types of transmission lines. However, in actual operation, there are still some shortcomings: due to the closed insulation structure inside the zinc oxide lightning arrester, and the time lag effect of the impedance change characteristics of the zinc oxide valve plate, once a large current and multi-pulse lightning strike occurs, the lightning arrester will not be able to be converted to a low-resistance state in time, resulting in continuous accumulation of internal heat, and eventually thermal breakdown, causing a permanent short circuit fault; in addition, the general liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing technology is carried out in a closed space, and the arc extinguishing liquid in the closed insulated arc extinguishing chamber cannot be rotated and replaced. The high insulation strength of the arc extinguishing liquid, the annual increase in short-circuit current, and the decreasing trend of overcurrent protection response time require further reduction of U 50％ , increase the arc extinguishing current threshold and reduce the arc extinguishing time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure and arc extinguishing method of a solid-liquid series conversion combination, which utilizes the high-pressure gas and current generated by the arc vaporization of solid metal filaments in the arc extinguishing pill to convert into the liquid-electric effect generated by the arc, thereby increasing the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing pressure peak value and arc extinguishing current threshold and reducing U 50％The present invention can improve arc deposition energy, enhance the arc extinguishing capability of liquid-electric effect and inhibit the restrike of power frequency arc. Since the insulating liquid does not suffer from lightning deterioration caused by multiple arc extinguishing, the arc extinguishing effect is guaranteed to be in the best state. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical effects: according to one aspect of the present invention, a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure is provided, the arc extinguishing structure includes an upper arc extinguishing device and a lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device distributed downward, a grounding rod is vertically arranged at the top of the upper arc extinguishing device, the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device is connected to the arc introduction end at the bottom edge of the upper arc extinguishing device, the upper arc extinguishing device includes an upper arc extinguishing shell, an insulating turntable rotatably arranged inside the arc extinguishing shell, and a plurality of arc extinguishing pills vertically spaced and surrounded inside the insulating turntable, the lower end of the grounding rod extends into the top end inside the arc extinguishing shell, when the arc extinguishing pill rotates to a trigger position in the arc extinguishing shell with the insulating turntable, the upper end of the arc extinguishing pill and the lower end of the grounding rod are mutually blocked and restricted, and the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill and the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device are gap-set or blocked.

[0004] The above scheme is further preferred that an upper electrode contact assembly and a lower upper electrode contact assembly that are symmetrical to each other are arranged in a radial direction inside the arc extinguishing shell and located above the upper disk surface and below the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable, the fixed end of the upper electrode contact assembly is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod, and the lower electrode contact assembly is arranged at the top end of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device, and when the arc extinguishing pill rotates to a trigger position in the arc extinguishing shell along with the insulating turntable, the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly is in contact or connected with the top end of the arc extinguishing pill, and there is a gap or a positioning restriction between the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly and the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill.

[0005] The above scheme is further preferred, in which the upper disk surface and the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable are respectively provided with a mutually symmetrical upper annular slide rail groove and a lower annular slide rail groove, and a plurality of mutually spaced receiving cavities for placing the arc extinguishing pellets are vertically penetrated in the upper annular slide rail groove and the lower annular slide rail groove, and the receiving cavity vertically penetrates the upper and lower disk surfaces of the insulating turntable, and the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly vertically extends downward into the upper annular slide rail groove, and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly vertically extends upward into the lower annular In the slide rail groove, the insulating turntable is guided to rotate in the arc extinguishing shell through the upper circular ring slide rail groove and the free end of the electrode contact assembly and the lower circular ring slide rail groove and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly. When the arc extinguishing pills in each receiving cavity rotate with the insulating turntable to the trigger position below the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly and above the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly, the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly is in contact or connected with the top end of the arc extinguishing pill, and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly is gap-set or restricted with the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill.

[0006] The above scheme is further preferred, the upper electrode contact assembly includes an upper grounding electrode, an upper metal cross bar and an upper positioning electrode; the lower electrode contact assembly includes a lower connecting electrode, a lower metal cross bar and a lower positioning electrode, and the upper grounding electrode and the lower connecting electrode are arranged radially above the upper disk surface and below the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable and are symmetrically arranged;

[0007] The fixed end of the upper grounding electrode is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod, and upper vertical support columns extending vertically downward are respectively provided on the lower side wall of the free end of the upper grounding electrode and the lower side wall close to one end of the grounding rod, and the two ends of the upper metal cross bar are horizontally connected to the lower side wall of the upper grounding electrode through the upper vertical support columns, and the upper end of the upper clamping electrode is connected to the outer wall between the upper vertical support columns at both ends of the upper metal cross bar and close to the free end of the upper grounding electrode, and the lower end of the upper clamping electrode extends vertically downward into the upper annular slide rail groove to contact or connect with the top end of the arc extinguishing ball;

[0008] The lower metal cross bar is horizontally arranged at the top of the lower liquid arc extinguishing device, and lower vertical support columns extending vertically upward are arranged at both ends of the lower metal cross bar. The lower connecting electrode is horizontally arranged on the lower vertical support columns at both ends of the lower metal cross bar, and the lower end of the lower clamping electrode is vertically connected to the top of the lower connecting electrode between the two lower vertical support columns. The upper end of the lower clamping electrode extends vertically upward into the lower circular ring slide rail groove and is gapped or clamped with the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill. The upper clamping electrode, the lower clamping electrode and the arc extinguishing pill are located on the same vertical line.

[0009] The above scheme is further preferred, an upper electrode sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper metal cross bar located between the two upper vertical support columns; the upper end of the upper locking electrode is vertically fixed on the upper electrode sliding sleeve, and the lower end of the upper locking electrode is vertically extended downward into the upper circular ring slide groove to contact or connect with the top end of the arc extinguishing ball, and a lower electrode sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connecting electrode located between the two lower vertical support columns, and the lower end of the lower locking electrode is vertically fixed on the lower electrode sliding sleeve.

[0010] The above scheme is further preferred, the upper annular slide rail groove and the lower annular slide rail groove are respectively composed of a plurality of spiral or annular guide slide rail grooves distributed from the center to the edge of the insulating turntable, and a guide conversion groove is provided at the transition position between the end end of each guide slide rail groove and the start end of the next guide slide rail groove;

[0011] When the insulating turntable rotates, the upper positioning electrode forms a relative rotation with the insulating turntable along the upper annular slide groove. When the upper positioning electrode rotates to the guide conversion groove, the upper positioning electrode slides on the upper metal cross bar through the upper electrode sliding sleeve and moves along the guide conversion groove in the upper disk surface of the insulating turntable to the next guide slide groove. The lower positioning electrode slides on the lower connecting electrode through the lower electrode sliding sleeve and moves along the guide conversion groove on the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable to the next guide slide groove.

[0012] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the arc extinguishing pill comprises an insulating tube body, an arc extinguishing tube sealed and wrapped in the insulating tube body, and a metal fixed base and an arc extinguishing pill bottom electrode vertically extending outward are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the insulating tube body, the top of the arc extinguishing tube is connected to the metal fixed base in the inner part of the top end of the insulating tube body, the lower end of the arc extinguishing tube is connected to the bottom electrode of the arc extinguishing pill in the inner part of the bottom end of the insulating tube body, the arc extinguishing tube is filled with arc extinguishing liquid, a positioning tube is vertically arranged on the top of the metal fixed base, the lower end of the positioning tube is connected to the top of the metal fixed base, and when the arc extinguishing pill rotates to the trigger position in the arc extinguishing shell along with the insulating turntable, the top of the positioning tube is in positioning contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly.

[0013] The above scheme is further preferred, in which a protective cover is arranged directly above the top of the metal fixed base, and an upwardly protruding locking electrode is arranged in the center of the top of the protective cover, the upper end of the locking tube is vertically nested and inserted into the bottom end of the locking electrode, and the upper end of the locking electrode is in locking contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly.

[0014] The above scheme is further preferred, the positioning tube is a glass tube, the protective cover is an elastic or rigid protective cover, a supporting groove is provided on the top of the metal fixed base, the lower end of the positioning tube is provided in the supporting groove, and the upper end of the positioning tube extends vertically upward from the supporting groove and is nested and inserted into the bottom end of the positioning electrode.

[0015] The above scheme is further preferred, the clamping tube includes a clamping tube body, an upper clamping tube electrode and a lower clamping tube electrode are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the clamping tube body, and a first metal wire connected to the upper clamping tube electrode and the lower clamping tube electrode is respectively provided in the clamping tube body.

[0016] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the protective cover is an elastic silicone protective cover.

[0017] The above scheme is further preferred, the arc-extinguishing tube comprises an arc-extinguishing insulating shell sealed and wrapped in an insulating tube body, the arc-extinguishing insulating shell is filled with arc-extinguishing liquid, an arc-extinguishing pill upper electrode and an arc-extinguishing pill lower electrode are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell, and a second metal wire connected to the arc-extinguishing pill upper electrode and the arc-extinguishing pill lower electrode is respectively arranged in the cavity of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell;

[0018] The upper electrode of the arc-extinguishing pill is connected to the lower end of the metal fixed base inside the top end of the insulating tube body, and the lower electrode of the arc-extinguishing pill is connected to the lower end of the bottom electrode of the arc-extinguishing pill inside the bottom end of the insulating tube body.

[0019] The above scheme is further preferred, the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device includes an arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell and a variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder arranged inside the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell, the internal cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder is filled with insulating liquid, the internal cavity size of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell, and an arc extinguishing electrode structure that can float up and down along the insulating liquid is arranged in the internal cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder; the upper electrodes of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber and the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber extending into the two ends of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell. The lower electrode of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the upper electrode of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber are in contact with the air gap above the insulating liquid in the variable-pitch arc extinguishing tube, the lower electrode of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber is in contact with the insulating liquid at the bottom of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing tube and is arranged in a gap with the lower end of the arc extinguishing electrode structure, the top end of the upper electrode of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber vertically extends upward to the outside of the arc extinguishing insulating tube shell and is arranged in a gap or is connected with the lower end of the arc extinguishing ball in a restricted position, and the bottom end surface of the lower electrode of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber vertically extends downward to the outside of the lower end of the arc extinguishing insulating tube shell and is connected to a lightning pole.

[0020] The above scheme is further preferred, that an electrode support seat is provided at the top end of the upper electrode of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber, the top end of the upper electrode of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber extends vertically upward from the outside of the arc extinguishing insulating tube shell and is connected to the lower end of the electrode support seat, and a clamping groove is provided on the top surface of the electrode support seat.

[0021] The above scheme is further preferred, that the arc extinguishing electrode structure comprises an umbrella-shaped electrode, a displacement upper electrode extends vertically upward from the center of the top end of the umbrella-shaped electrode, a displacement lower electrode extends vertically downward from the center of the bottom end of the umbrella-shaped electrode, and a needle-tip electrode extending vertically upward is provided at the upper end of the lower electrode of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber.

[0022] The above solution is further preferred in that a fixed limiting disk is sleeved on the outer wall of the displacement upper electrode above the umbrella-shaped electrode.

[0023] The above solution is further preferred in that the displacement upper electrode at the top end of the umbrella-shaped electrode is connected to the lower end of the upper electrode of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber through a metal chain (33).

[0024] The above scheme is further preferred that an annular fixing seat fixed on the inner wall of the variable distance chamber of the variable distance arc extinguishing tube is arranged above the upper end of the lower electrode of the variable distance arc extinguishing chamber, and a plurality of insulating limit columns for supporting the guide sliding of the umbrella-shaped electrode are arranged between the annular surface of the annular fixing seat and the lower end cross-section of the lower electrode of the variable distance arc extinguishing chamber, and the edge of the umbrella-shaped electrode is arranged on each insulating limit column.

[0025] The above scheme is further preferred that the upper end of the lower electrode of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber extends upward into the central hole of the annular fixing seat.

[0026] The above scheme is further preferred that an arc-extinguishing tube inner skirt is provided on the circumference of the outer wall of the variable-pitch arc-extinguishing tube.

[0027] The above scheme is further preferred, in which a screw is vertically arranged at the center of the bottom of the arc-extinguishing housing, a main shaft is vertically fixed at the top of the screw, and the insulating turntable is rotatably arranged on the main shaft.

[0028] The above solution is further preferred in that a rotation drive component is provided on the main shaft for driving the insulating turntable and rotating around the main shaft as the central axis.

[0029] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the rotation drive assembly includes a metal elastic spring, an upper annular bearing and a lower annular bearing arranged on the main shaft, the upper annular bearing and the lower annular bearing are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the main shaft, the upper and lower ends of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable are arranged on the main shaft through the upper annular bearing and the lower annular bearing, the metal elastic spring is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft between the upper annular bearing and the lower annular bearing, one end of the metal elastic spring is connected to the main shaft, and the other end of the metal elastic spring is connected to the inner wall of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing method for a solid-liquid series conversion combination, the arc extinguishing method comprising the following steps:

[0031] A plurality of arc-extinguishing pellets are arranged at intervals in the insulating rotary disk in the upper arc-extinguishing housing, and a metal elastic spring for triggering the rotation of the rotary disk is installed at the center of the rotary disk. The two ends of the arc-extinguishing pellets at the current triggering position respectively form a current path through the lower liquid electric arc-extinguishing device and the grounding rod. Before being struck by lightning, the rotary disk is in a stationary state in the upper arc-extinguishing housing;

[0032] When struck by lightning, the current flows from the lightning-connected electrode at the lower end of the lower liquid arc extinguishing device through the inside of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell, the arc extinguishing pellet at the current triggering position in the insulating rotary disk, and the grounding rod to form a current path;

[0033] The current in the variable-pitch arc-extinguishing cylinder in the arc-extinguishing insulating cylinder shell impacts the insulating liquid in the variable-pitch arc-extinguishing cylinder to discharge and form a discharge arc. The discharge arc forms a liquid arc-building channel, thereby generating a liquid-electric effect. The pressure generated by the liquid-electric effect impacts the insulating liquid in the variable-pitch arc-extinguishing cylinder, and promotes the arc-extinguishing electrode structure to shift in variable distance and lengthen the arc. The continuously extended arc increases the deposited energy in the liquid, so that the intensity of the liquid-electric effect is dynamically superimposed, forming a higher-intensity liquid-electric effect impact pressure impacting the arc channel, completing instantaneous arc extinguishing;

[0034] At the same time, solid-liquid arc extinguishing is synchronously performed inside the arc extinguishing tube of the arc extinguishing pill. The second metal wire in the arc extinguishing pill is vaporized to generate metal detonation effect impact pressure. The metal detonation effect impact pressure is coupled with the liquid effect impact pressure generated by the insulating liquid in the arc extinguishing tube to generate high-energy solid-liquid electric effect pressure, which forces the power frequency follow-current arc to be extinguished, completing the solid-liquid electric effect arc extinguishing.

[0035] When the current flows through the first metal wire in the locking tube and passes through the grounding rod, the first metal wire is gasified and then impacts the locking tube to burst, and the locking tube loses its locking and supporting function for the arc extinguishing pellet at the current triggering position;

[0036] The insulating turntable in the upper arc extinguishing shell rotates under the driving force of the metal elastic spring to remove the current solid-liquid arc extinguishing position, and rotates to the triggering arc extinguishing position of the next adjacent arc extinguishing pill. At this time, the upper end of the arc extinguishing pill forming the new triggering position is blocked and the insulating turntable is stuck again and stops rotating. The insulating turntable is in a stationary state in the upper arc extinguishing shell, so that the arc extinguishing pill on the newly formed triggering position enters the waiting state for the next arc extinguishing.

[0037] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0038] (1) The physical and chemical process produced by the solid explosion of the metal filament in the arc extinguishing chamber can change the transient characteristics of the arc extinguishing pressure shock wave, reduce the shock wave pressure peak time, increase the shock wave pressure peak and increase the wave speed, thereby increasing the arc extinguishing threshold, reducing the arc extinguishing time, improving the arc extinguishing ability of the power frequency arc, reducing the arc burning time, and reducing the lightning tripping rate and line break rate;

[0039] (2) The metal filament can reduce the impulse breakdown voltage of the arc extinguishing chamber (U 50％ ) and impulse breakdown time, improving insulation matching ability and liquid-electric effect starting time; after the filament is melted, the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with insulating liquid medium, which can improve the power frequency withstand voltage and inhibit the power frequency arc reignition ability; the present invention adopts liquid arc extinguishing technology, and the resistance value of the liquid inside the structure will not change significantly after being struck by lightning, and there is no thermal breakdown and hard short circuit problem of traditional zinc oxide lightning arrester;

[0040] (3) The present invention realizes the replacement of old arc extinguishing pills with new ones at the trigger position by rotating the insulating turntable, thereby ensuring that the arc extinguishing pills at the trigger position can be updated immediately after arc extinguishing, thereby avoiding the degradation of arc extinguishing liquid quality due to multiple arc extinguishing, thereby affecting the actual arc extinguishing effect; and by automatically replacing the number of arc extinguishing pills carried, the arc extinguishing times required within the maintenance cycle are achieved. Since the insulating liquid does not suffer from cumulative degradation caused by multiple arc extinguishing, the arc extinguishing effect is guaranteed to be in the optimal state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the insulating turntable of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the insulating turntable of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a top view of the insulating turntable;

[0047] Fig. 6A The present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the insulating turntable in the bottom view

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping installation structure of the arc extinguishing pellet of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arc extinguishing pellets of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping tube of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc-extinguishing insulating housing of the invention;

[0052] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the variable-distance arc extinguishing tube invented;

[0053] Fig.12 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.14 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.16 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third embodiment of the arc extinguishing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0059] In the accompanying drawings, the upper arc extinguishing device 1a, the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device 2a, the upper arc extinguishing housing 1, the screw 4, the main shaft 4a, the metal elastic spring 4b, the spring inner buckle 4b1, the spring outer buckle 4b2, the spring fixing point 4b3, the upper ring bearing 4c, the lower ring bearing 4d, the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder housing 5, the variable pitch arc extinguishing cylinder 6, the arc extinguishing electrode structure 6a, the arc extinguishing cylinder outer skirt 7, the insulating turntable 9, the upper ring annular slide rail groove 8a, the lower ring Annular slide rail groove 8b, receiving cavity 8c, guide conversion groove 8d, grounding rod 12, arc extinguishing pill 12s, upper grounding electrode 13, upper vertical support column 13a, upper electrode sliding sleeve 14, upper metal cross bar 15, lower electrode sliding sleeve 16, lower connecting electrode 17, lower vertical support column 17a, lower metal cross bar 18, lower clamping electrode 19b, upper clamping electrode 19a, upper electrode contact assembly A, lower upper electrode contact assembly B;

[0060] The clamping electrode 20, the protective cover 21, the clamping tube 22, the clamping tube body 22a, the clamping tube upper electrode 22b, the clamping tube lower electrode 22c, the first metal wire 22d, the metal fixing base 23, the supporting groove 23a, the insulating tube body 24, the arc extinguishing tube 25, the arc extinguishing liquid 250, the arc extinguishing insulating shell 25a, the arc extinguishing pill upper electrode 25b, the arc extinguishing pill lower electrode 25c, the second metal wire 25d, the arc extinguishing pill bottom electrode 26, the metal chain 33, the annular fixing clamping seat 37, and the insulating limiting column 38;

[0061] Insulating liquid 60, variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode 61, electrode support seat 61a, clamping groove 61b, limiting plate 62, displacement upper electrode 63, umbrella-shaped electrode 64, displacement lower electrode 65, arc extinguishing tube inner skirt 66, variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode 67, needle tip electrode 67a, gap 67b, lightning pole 68. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0063] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure, the arc extinguishing structure includes an upper arc extinguishing device 1a and a lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device 2a distributed downward, a grounding rod 12 is vertically arranged at the top of the upper arc extinguishing device 1a, the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device 2a is connected to the arc introduction end of the bottom edge of the upper arc extinguishing device 1a, the upper arc extinguishing device 1a includes an upper arc extinguishing shell 1, an insulating turntable 9 rotatably arranged inside the arc extinguishing shell 1, and a plurality of arc extinguishing pills 12s vertically spaced and surrounded inside the insulating turntable 9, the lower end of the grounding rod 12 extends into the top of the arc extinguishing shell 1, when the arc extinguishing pill 12s rotates to a trigger position in the arc extinguishing shell 1 with the insulating turntable 9, the upper end of the arc extinguishing pill 12s and the lower end of the grounding rod 12 are mutually blocked and restricted, and the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill 12s and the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device 2a are gap-set or blocked. A screw rod 4 is vertically arranged at the center of the bottom of the arc extinguishing housing 1, and a main shaft 4a is vertically fixed at the top of the screw rod 4. The insulating turntable 9 is rotatably arranged on the main shaft 4a, and a rotating drive component for driving the insulating turntable 9 to rotate with the main shaft 4a as the central axis is arranged on the main shaft 4a; when lightning strikes, an arc is introduced into the lower end of the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device 2a, and the arc enters the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device 2a to generate a liquid-electric effect. The arc is then secondary extinguished by the arc extinguishing pill 12s in the insulating turntable 9, and the residual arc is connected to the ground through the grounding rod 12. After the current arc extinguishing pill 12s (triggering arc extinguishing pill) completes the arc extinguishing, the upper end of the current arc extinguishing pill 12s and the lower end of the grounding rod 12 and the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill 12s and the top of the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device 2a lose the blocking or contact effect, and the insulating turntable 9 rotates accordingly under the action of the rotating drive component, and drives the next untriggered arc extinguishing pill 12s to rotate to the blocking trigger position, waiting for the next arc extinguishing.

[0064] In the present invention, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the rotary drive assembly includes a metal elastic spring 4b, an upper annular bearing 4c and a lower annular bearing 4d arranged on the main shaft 4a, and the upper annular bearing 4c and the lower annular bearing 4d are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the main shaft 4a, and the upper and lower ends of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable 9 are arranged on the main shaft 4a through the upper annular bearing 4c and the lower annular bearing 4d, and the metal elastic spring 4b is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft 4a between the upper annular bearing 4c and the lower annular bearing 4d. One end of the spring 4b is connected to the main shaft 4a, and the other end of the metal elastic spring 4b is connected to the inner wall of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable 9. The two ends of the metal elastic spring 4b have a bent spring inner buckle 4b1 and a spring outer buckle 4b2. The spring inner buckle 4b1 on one end of the metal elastic spring 4b is buckled into the spring fixing groove on the outer wall of the main shaft 4a, and the spring outer buckle 4b2 on the other end of the metal elastic spring 4b is buckled into the spring fixing point 4b3 (fixing groove) on the side wall of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable 9. The insulating turntable 9 is arranged on the main shaft 4a through the upper annular bearing 4c and the lower annular bearing 4d. Under the action of the elastic force of the metal elastic spring 4b driving the insulating turntable 9, the inner part of the central hole of the insulating turntable 9 utilizes the easy rotation characteristics of the bearing, which is more conducive to the insulating turntable 9 rotating along the upper annular bearing 4c and the lower annular bearing 4d on the main shaft 4a to drive the untriggered arc extinguishing pill 12s to rotate to the triggering position.

[0065] In the present invention, if Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6An upper electrode contact assembly A and a lower upper electrode contact assembly B are symmetrically arranged in a radial direction inside the arc extinguishing housing 1 and above the upper disk surface of the insulating rotary disk 9 and below the lower disk surface. The fixed end of the upper electrode contact assembly A is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod 12, and the lower electrode contact assembly B is arranged at the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device 2a. When the arc extinguishing pellet 12s rotates to the triggering position in the arc extinguishing housing 1 along with the insulating rotary disk 9, the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly A is engaged with the top of the arc extinguishing pellet 12s. There is a gap or a position restriction between the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly B and the lower end of the arc-extinguishing pellet 12s, and the upper and lower disk surfaces of the insulating turntable 9 are respectively provided with a mutually symmetrical upper annular slide groove 8a and a lower annular slide groove 8b, and a plurality of mutually spaced receiving cavities 8c for placing the arc-extinguishing pellets 12s are vertically penetrated in the upper and lower disk surfaces of the insulating turntable 9. The free end of the upper electrode contact assembly A vertically extends downward into the upper annular slide rail groove 8a, and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly B vertically extends upward into the lower annular slide rail groove 8b. The insulating turntable 9 is guided and rotated in the arc extinguishing housing 1 through the upper annular slide rail groove 8a and the free end of the electrode contact assembly A and the lower annular slide rail groove 8b and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly B. The arc extinguishing pellets 12s in each receiving cavity 8c rotate with the insulating turntable 9 to the lower side of the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly A and the lower electrode contact assembly B. When the free end of the contact component B is above (trigger position), the free end of the upper electrode contact component A is in contact or connected with the top end of the arc extinguishing pill 12s, and the free end of the lower electrode contact component B is set with a gap or restricted by a positioning. It is worth noting that when the free end of the upper electrode contact component A is connected to the top end of the arc extinguishing pill 12s, the interconnected parts can be broken free when the arc extinguishing pill 12s extinguishes the arc, so that the insulating turntable 9 is not bound and can be rotated to the next trigger position under the driving action.

[0066] In the present invention, if Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the upper electrode contact assembly A includes an upper grounding electrode 13, an upper metal cross bar 15 and an upper positioning electrode 19a; the lower electrode contact assembly B includes a lower connecting electrode 17, a lower metal cross bar 18 and a lower positioning electrode 19b, which are located above the upper disk surface of the insulating turntable 9 and below the lower disk surface in a radial direction and are symmetrically arranged with each other; the fixed end of the upper grounding electrode 13 is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod 12, and upper vertical support columns 13a extending vertically downward are respectively arranged on the lower side wall of the free end of the upper grounding electrode 13 and the lower side wall close to one end of the grounding rod 12, and the two ends of the upper metal cross bar 15 are horizontally connected to the lower side wall of the upper grounding electrode 13 through the upper vertical support columns 13a, so that the upper metal cross bar 15 is horizontally arranged below the upper grounding electrode 13, and the upper end of the upper positioning electrode 19a is connected between the upper vertical support columns 13a at both ends of the upper metal cross bar 15 and close to the free end of the upper grounding electrode 13 On the outer wall of one side, the upper metal cross bar 15 is arranged above the arc-extinguishing pellet 12s in parallel with the upper grounding electrode 13 with a horizontal gap, and the lower end of the upper clamping electrode 19a extends vertically downward into the upper annular slide rail groove 8a to contact or connect with the top of the arc-extinguishing pellet 12s; the lower metal cross bar 18 is horizontally arranged at the top of the lower liquid-electric arc-extinguishing device 2a, and lower vertical support columns 17a extending vertically upward are arranged at both ends of the lower metal cross bar 18. The lower connecting electrode 17 is horizontally arranged on the lower vertical support columns 17a at both ends of 18, and the lower end of the lower locking electrode 19b is vertically connected to the top of the lower connecting electrode 17 between the two lower vertical support columns 17a, and the upper end of the lower locking electrode 19b is vertically extended upward into the lower circular ring slide groove 8b and is gapped or clamped with the lower end of the arc-extinguishing pill 12s, and the upper locking electrode 19a, the lower locking electrode 19b and the arc-extinguishing pill 12s are located on the same vertical line.

[0067] An upper electrode sliding sleeve 14 is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper metal cross bar 15 located between the two upper vertical support columns 13a; the upper end of the upper clamping electrode 19a is vertically fixed on the upper electrode sliding sleeve 14, and the lower end of the upper clamping electrode 19a extends vertically downward into the upper annular slide rail groove 8a to contact or connect with the top of the arc extinguishing pill 12s. The so-called connection means that when arc extinguishing occurs, the arc extinguishing impact force can cause the connection position to break, and the insulating turntable 9 can rotate to the next arc extinguishing pill 12s (trigger arc extinguishing pill) position. The lower connecting electrode 17 located between the two lower vertical support columns 17a is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower electrode sliding sleeve 1 6. The lower end of the lower locking electrode 19b is vertically fixed on the lower electrode sliding sleeve 16; the upper metal cross bar 15 and the upper grounding electrode 13 are arranged in parallel with a horizontal gap above the arc extinguishing pill 12s (trigger position arc extinguishing pill), and the lower metal cross bar 18 and the lower connecting electrode 17 are arranged in parallel with a horizontal gap below the trigger position arc extinguishing pill 12s. The lower electrode sliding sleeve 16 is slidably sleeved on the lower connecting electrode 17. When the insulating turntable 9 rotates, the upper locking electrode 19a and the lower locking electrode 19b move in the upper annular slide groove 8a and the lower annular slide groove 8b of the corresponding sliding sleeves in the upper and lower disk surfaces of the insulating turntable 9 respectively.

[0068] In the present invention, if Figure 6 As shown, the upper annular slide groove 8a and the lower annular slide groove 8b are respectively composed of a plurality of spiral or circular guide slide grooves opened from the center to the edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the insulating turntable 9, and a guide conversion groove 8d is provided at the transition position between the end of each guide slide groove from the edge to the center and the starting end of the next guide slide groove; when the insulating turntable 9 rotates, the upper positioning electrode 19a forms a relative rotation with the insulating turntable 9 along the upper annular slide groove 8a, and when the upper positioning electrode 19a rotates to the guide conversion groove 8d, the upper positioning electrode 19a slides on the upper metal cross bar 15 through the upper electrode sliding sleeve 14 and moves along the guide conversion groove 8d in the upper disk surface of the insulating turntable 9 to the next guide slide groove, and the lower positioning electrode 19b slides on the lower connecting electrode 17 through the lower electrode sliding sleeve 16 and moves along the guide conversion groove 8d on the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable 9 to the next guide slide groove.

[0069] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the arc-extinguishing pill 12s includes an insulating tube body 24, an arc-extinguishing tube 25 sealed and wrapped in the insulating tube body 24, an arc-extinguishing liquid 250, and a metal fixed base 23 and an arc-extinguishing pill bottom electrode 26 which are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the insulating tube body 24 and extend vertically outward. The top of the arc-extinguishing tube 25 is connected to the metal fixed base 23 in the inner part of the top of the insulating tube body 24, and the lower end of the arc-extinguishing tube 25 is connected to the arc-extinguishing pill bottom electrode 26 in the inner part of the bottom end of the insulating tube body 24. The arc-extinguishing liquid 250 is filled in the arc-extinguishing tube 25, and a clamping tube 23 is vertically arranged on the top of the metal fixed base 23. 2. The lower end of the positioning tube 22 is connected to the top of the metal fixed base 23. When the arc extinguishing pill 12s rotates to the trigger position with the insulating turntable 9 in the arc extinguishing housing 1, the top of the positioning tube 22 is in positioning contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly A. A protective cover 21 is arranged just above the top of the metal fixed base 23. A positioning electrode 20 protruding upward is arranged at the center of the top of the protective cover 21. The upper end of the positioning tube 22 is vertically nested and inserted into the bottom end of the positioning electrode 20. The upper end of the positioning electrode 20 is in positioning contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly A.

[0070] In the present invention, Fig. 9 and Fig.10, the clamping tube 22 is a glass tube, the protective cover 21 is an elastic or rigid protective cover, a supporting groove 23a is arranged on the top of the metal fixed base 23, the lower end of the clamping tube 22 is arranged in the supporting groove 23a, and the upper end of the clamping tube 22 extends vertically upward from the supporting groove 23a and is inserted into the bottom end of the clamping electrode 20; the clamping tube 22 includes a clamping tube body 22a, and a clamping tube upper electrode 22b and a clamping tube lower electrode 22c are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the clamping tube body 22a, and a first metal wire 22d connected to the clamping tube upper electrode 22b and the clamping tube lower electrode 22c are respectively arranged in the clamping tube body 22a, and the protective cover 21 is an elastic silicone protective cover. In the present invention, the arc-extinguishing tube 25 includes an arc-extinguishing insulating shell 25a sealed and wrapped in an insulating tube body 24, the arc-extinguishing insulating shell 25a is filled with arc-extinguishing liquid 250, and an arc-extinguishing ball upper electrode 25b and an arc-extinguishing ball lower electrode 25c are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell 25a, and a second metal wire 25d connected to the arc-extinguishing ball upper electrode 25b and the arc-extinguishing ball lower electrode 25c are respectively arranged in the cavity of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell 25a; the arc-extinguishing ball upper electrode 25b is connected to the lower end of the metal fixed base 23 inside the top end of the insulating tube body 24, and the arc-extinguishing ball upper electrode 25c is connected to the lower end of the arc-extinguishing ball bottom electrode 26 inside the bottom end of the insulating tube body 24. The arc extinguishing principle of the arc extinguishing pill 12s replacement is as follows: when the arc passes through the first metal wire 22d in the clamping tube 22, the high-temperature arc vaporizes the first metal wire 22d, generating a huge metal explosion impact pressure. This pressure continues to expand and accumulate in the closed space of the clamping tube and eventually shatters the clamping tube body 22a, causing the clamping electrode 20 to lose its supporting function. The insulating turntable 9 drives the arc extinguishing pill 12s to rotate. When the new arc extinguishing pill 12s (trigger position arc extinguishing pill) rotates to the trigger position, the clamping electrode 20 above the arc extinguishing pill 12s forming the new trigger position will be blocked by the upper clamping electrode 19a, the turntable is stuck again, and the device returns to a stationary state. This process is the replacement process of the trigger position arc extinguishing pill; the cavity of the arc extinguishing insulating shell 25a of the arc extinguishing tube 25 is filled with insulating arc extinguishing liquid 250, and the second metal wire 25d is immersed in the filled insulating arc extinguishing liquid 250. The second metal wire 25d plays a role in short-circuiting the insulating liquid gap to reduce the overall U 50％The impact arc vaporizes the second metal wire 25d through high-temperature combustion and releases high-pressure expansion arc-extinguishing gas, which forms the effect of forcibly extinguishing the power frequency continuous current arc; after the second metal wire 25d is vaporized, the impact current is converted into an impact arc, and the impact arc is coupled with the liquid to produce a liquid-electric effect pressure; at the same time, the filament vaporization pressure is coupled with the liquid-electric effect pressure, which can increase the liquid-electric effect pressure peak by more than 30%, meeting the requirements of forced extinguishing of the power frequency continuous current. The time to extinguish the expected power frequency continuous current of more than 40kA is less than 1ms. A solid-liquid-electric arc extinguishing chamber is formed in the arc extinguishing tube 25. There are two pressures, the solid metal filament vaporization pressure and the liquid-electric effect pressure, which superimpose the arc extinguishing effect to form a superimposed arc extinguishing effect. This structure can ensure that the liquid extinguishes the arc once, and the insulating liquid quality is the best during arc extinguishing, and the arc extinguishing effect is the best. By arranging multiple arc extinguishing pills 12s in the insulating turntable 9, multiple arc extinguishing can be performed to retain the continuous arc extinguishing ability for the device. After the solid-liquid arc extinguishing is completed in the arc extinguishing tube 25, the first metal wire 22d in the clamping tube 22 (glass tube) is vaporized and impacts the clamping tube 22 (glass tube) to make its tube body The glass fragments are accumulated in the supporting groove 23a, and the protective cover 21 and the locking electrode 20 fall down and are supported on the metal fixed base 23, so that the locking electrode 20 on the protective cover 21 and the upper locking electrode 19a lose their supporting and locking functions, and the insulating turntable 9 is driven to rotate and drive the arc extinguishing pill 12s to rotate to the next triggering arc extinguishing position. At this time, the locking electrode 20 above the arc extinguishing pill 12s forming the new triggering position will be blocked by the upper locking electrode 19a, and the turntable is stuck again, and the arc extinguishing pill 12s on the newly formed triggering position enters the waiting state for the next arc extinguishing.

[0071] In the present invention, Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 The lower liquid arc extinguishing device 2a includes an arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell 5 and a variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder 6 arranged inside the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell 5. The inner cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder 6 is filled with insulating liquid 60. The inner cavity size of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder 6 gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell 5. An arc extinguishing electrode structure 6a that can float up and down along the insulating liquid 60 is arranged in the inner cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder 6.

[0072] An upper electrode 61 and a lower electrode 67 of a variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber extending into the two ends of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the arc-extinguishing insulating tube shell 5, and the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber is in contact with the air gap above the insulating liquid in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6, and the lower electrode 67 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber is in contact with the insulating liquid at the bottom of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 and is arranged in a gap with the lower end of the arc-extinguishing electrode structure 6a. The top end of the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber extends vertically upward to the outside of the arc-extinguishing insulating tube shell 5 and is arranged in a gap or is connected with the lower end of the arc-extinguishing pill 12s in a restricted position. The bottom end surface of the lower electrode 67 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber extends vertically downward to the outside of the lower end of the arc-extinguishing insulating tube shell 5 and is connected to a lightning pole 68; an electrode support seat 61a is arranged at the top of the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber, and a lightning pole 68 is connected to the lower end of the arc-extinguishing pill 12s. A clamping groove 61b is provided on the top surface, and the arc extinguishing electrode structure 6a includes an umbrella-shaped electrode 64, a displacement upper electrode 63 extends vertically upward from the center of the top of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64, and a displacement lower electrode 65 extends vertically downward from the center of the bottom end of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64, and a needle-tip electrode 67a extending vertically upward is provided at the upper end of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode 67, and a fixed limiting disk 62 is sleeved on the outer wall of the displacement upper electrode 63 above the umbrella-shaped electrode 64, and the liquid level of the insulating liquid 60 is located at the top of the arc of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64. More preferably, the liquid level of the insulating liquid 60 is at least level with the limiting disk 62 or submerges the limiting disk 62, and there is an air gap above the insulating liquid 60, and the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode 61 is in contact with the air gap above the limiting disk 62, and an arc extinguishing tube inner skirt 66 is provided on the circumference of the outer wall of the variable-distance arc extinguishing tube 6. The internal cavity structure of the variable-pitch arc-extinguishing tube 6 adopts a V-shaped structure to form a bottom sealing structure. When the arc collides with the insulating liquid in the V-shaped structure to generate an arc position to form a liquid pit, the liquid at the bottom of the V-shaped pit returns quickly and the liquid at the top of the pit returns slowly. The difference in the return speeds of the two will form an axial kinetic energy jet in the closed structure, which drives away the arc plasma in the V-shaped structure and interrupts the arc. The Worthington reflected fluid kinetic energy is amplified by the oblique wall reflection superposition, and the impact of the jet on the arc is enhanced, thereby enhancing the arc extinguishing effect.

[0073] The upper arc extinguishing device 1a of the present invention realizes the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing process as follows: a liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing pill is made of a fully sealed insulating liquid and a high-strength insulating tube with a metal wire: each pill is arc-extinguished only once. The length of the arc extinguishing pill and the amount of insulating liquid depend on the voltage level and the arc extinguishing threshold requirements. Its advantages are: (1) The liquid extinguishes the arc in one go, ensuring the best quality of the insulating liquid during arc extinguishing and the best arc extinguishing effect; (2) When the current passes through the metal filament, high-temperature energy is generated, which directly vaporizes the metal filament and produces a metal explosion, thereby increasing the peak pressure of the liquid-electric effect and increasing the arc extinguishing threshold for the power frequency arc; (3) The metal filament can reduce the breakdown time of the liquid, reduce the duration of the peak pressure of the liquid-electric effect and the arc extinguishing time; (4) In the impulse voltage stage, the filament reduces the impulse breakdown voltage of the insulating liquid, which can reduce U50％ (Impulse breakdown voltage U 50％ Characterizes the impulse breakdown characteristics of a device. When impulse voltage is repeatedly applied to a device, the voltage when the breakdown frequency reaches 50% of the total number of applied voltages is called U 50％ ); In the power frequency voltage stage after the impulse voltage disappears, the insulating liquid in the arc extinguishing pill greatly increases the breakdown voltage after the filament melts, which is beneficial to suppress the reignition of the power frequency arc.

[0074] When the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device 2a and the upper arc extinguishing device 1a extinguish arcs, the arc extinguishing method is realized by combining the liquid-electric effect and the metal filament detonation effect. The internal structure of the device stores rotational kinetic energy through the metal elastic spring 4b at the center of the insulating turntable 9. When no current passes through the arc extinguishing pill at the trigger position, the blocking electrode 20 is blocked by the upper blocking electrode 19a, and the metal elastic spring 4b cannot drive the insulating turntable 9 and the arc extinguishing pill 12s inside the insulating turntable 9 to rotate, and the entire device is in a static state; when the lightning pole 68 at the bottom of the device is struck by lightning, the lightning current flows from the lightning pole 68 through the lower electrode 67 of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber, and discharges from the needle-point electrode 67a at the top of the lower electrode 67 of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber to the insulating liquid above, and the discharge arc penetrates the insulating liquid 60 and then enters the displacement lower electrode 65 and the displacement upper electrode 63 in turn, and then penetrates the air gap above the limit plate 62 and enters the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber; Principle of liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing: in the process of the arc penetrating the insulating liquid 60, the arc releases a large amount of high-heat energy into the insulating liquid 60, generating a liquid-electric effect shock wave pressure of hundreds of megapascals. Since the liquid is incompressible, the insulating liquid 60 diffuses to the surroundings in the form of high-speed impulse after being impacted by the huge shock wave pressure. After the high-speed moving insulating liquid 60 hits the inner wall of the variable diameter cavity inside the variable-distance arc extinguishing tube 6, part of the high-speed liquid impacts the arc-building channel in the form of a horizontal component, and instantly extinguishes the arc in the initial stage of arc building; the other part of the high-speed liquid impacts upward in the form of a vertical component, and finally acts on the inner concave surface at the bottom of the floating umbrella-shaped electrode 64, and the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 drives the displacement lower electrode 65 and the displacement upper electrode 63 to move upward, thereby lengthening the gap distance of the insulating liquid 60 between the displacement lower electrode 65 and the needle tip electrode 67a, and also lengthening the length of the arc between the two; the longer the arc length, the more energy the arc releases in the insulating liquid 60, and the stronger the level of liquid-electric effect shock wave pressure can be generated, so the stronger the arc extinguishing ability.

[0075] The principle of arc extinguishing enhanced by the metal wire detonation effect: the arc discharges from the displacement upper electrode 63 and breaks through the air gap, then reaches the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber and flows through the electrode support seat 61a, the lower metal crossbar 18, the lower vertical support column 17a, the lower connecting electrode 17, the lower electrode sliding sleeve 16, the lower clamping electrode 19b, the arc extinguishing pill bottom electrode 26, and the arc extinguishing pill lower electrode 25c to enter the trigger position arc extinguishing pill 12s. The arc extinguishing pill 12s is a metal filament set in the sealed liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing chamber to short-circuit the arc extinguishing chamber liquid; the metal filament provides an initial channel for the lightning current in the insulating liquid (i.e., short-circuit the insulating liquid). After the metal filament is melted by the high-energy current, a high-energy discharge arc can be generated at the breakpoint of the metal wire, triggering the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing; first, the impulse current flows through the arc extinguishing pill in the form of current. Since the metal filament short-circuits the insulating liquid, the liquid breakdown time can be reduced, and the arc extinguishing chamber U can be reduced. 50％ , which is convenient for achieving insulation coordination; secondly, the impact arc will cause the metal filament to burn. While converting the current into the arc, the metal filament will be converted from the solid phase to the liquid phase and then to the gas phase, accompanied by the high-temperature expansion process of the metal solid liquefaction, the liquid metal combustion expansion process, the metal gas combustion expansion process and the photo-thermal ionization plasma process. The velocity expansion coefficient of the gas generated by the solid transformation of the metal filament is extremely large, and the pressure peak and pressure peak time generated by the combustion of the metal filament can reach the detonation level; finally, the liquid-electric effect generated by the coupling of the arc and the liquid, the detonation-level pressure generated by the metal filament is wrapped by the incompressible liquid, which will restrict the release of the detonation pressure of the metal filament and form a huge reaction force applied to the arc surface. At the same time, the sealing structure of the arc extinguishing pill will produce a positive reflection effect of the pressure shock wave. In summary, the superposition of the metal detonation pressure, the liquid-electric effect pressure and the positive reflection pressure of the wave will produce the amplification effect of the pressure peak, the advance effect of the pressure peak time and the extension of the arc extinguishing pressure shock wave duration, forming an asymmetric arc extinguishing advantage of early, strong and long. At the same time, the cooling effect of the liquid on the arc reduces and weakens the arc ionization degree, further increasing the asymmetry of the arc extinguishing. During the impulse voltage stage, the arc extinguishing pellet is short-circuited by the fusible filament, thereby reducing U 50％ ; In the power frequency voltage stage after the impulse arc melts the filament, the arc extinguishing chamber is insulated by insulating liquid, which greatly increases the power frequency breakdown voltage and can suppress the reignition of the power frequency arc.

[0076] The principle of arc extinguishing enhanced by the Worthington jet effect: during the arc discharge process in the plasma fluid liquid, the impact kinetic energy of the arc plasma head knocks out a liquid pit in the liquid. The liquid pit generates a huge reaction force pressure under the principle of liquid incompressibility, driving the liquid to quickly return and squeeze the arc. Finally, the liquid pressure generates a high-speed Worthington jet to drive the arc to break and expand the arc break distance to achieve the purpose of arc extinguishing. The arc fluid liquid is mixed with a high-speed jet, and the liquid has an insulating and cooling effect on the arc fluid. The arc continuity is destroyed by introducing the liquid into the arc fluid circuit; the arc temperature rise is reduced by the mixed jet of liquid and arc, and the arc ionization degree is weakened, so as to achieve forced arc extinguishing.

[0077] Fig.14 and Fig.15 The displacement upper electrode 63 at the top of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 is connected to the lower end of the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber through the metal chain 33. At this time, in this embodiment, the internal cavity of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 is filled with insulating liquid 60. When the liquid-electric effect occurs in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6, the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 floats and moves in the insulating liquid 60 in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6. When the arc flows through the metal chain 33, the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber, the electrode support seat 61a, the lower electrode contact assembly B, and the upper electrode contact assembly A and flows into the arc-extinguishing pill 12s, the arc-extinguishing pill extinguishes the arc in the arc-extinguishing pill 12s.

[0078] Fig.16 and Fig.17 An annular fixed seat 37 fixed on the inner wall of the variable pitch chamber of the variable pitch arc extinguishing tube 6 is arranged above the upper end of the lower electrode 67 of the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber, and a plurality of insulating limit posts 38 for supporting the guide sliding of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 are arranged between the annular surface of the annular fixed seat 37 and the lower end section of the lower electrode 67 of the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber. The edge of the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 is arranged on each insulating limit post 38, and the upper end of the lower electrode 67 of the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber extends upward to the center hole of the annular fixed seat 37. The umbrella-shaped electrode 64 is located at the top of the annular fixed seat 37 in a natural state, and the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 and the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber are in contact with each other. A gap 67b is formed between the tops of the lower electrodes 67; in this embodiment, the insulating liquid 60 arranged in the internal cavity of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 is located at the top of the gap 67b, and the insulating liquid 60 immerses the top position of the annular fixed holder 37. When the arc passes through the lower electrode 67 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber and the liquid-electric effect arc is extinguished in the gap 67b, the generated arc impact force acts on the umbrella-shaped electrode 64, so that the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 slides upward along the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 on the insulating limit column 38 and approaches the position of the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber, so that a gap discharge is formed between the umbrella-shaped electrode 64 and the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber. The initial short liquid gap distance can reduce U 50％The arc flows into the arc extinguishing pellet 12s through the upper electrode 61 of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber, the electrode support seat 61a, the lower electrode contact assembly B, and the upper electrode contact assembly A to extinguish the arc.

[0079] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing method for a solid-liquid series conversion combination, wherein the arc extinguishing process of the arc extinguishing method comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step 1, multiple arc-extinguishing pills 12s are arranged at intervals in the insulating turntable 9 in the upper arc-extinguishing housing 1, and a metal elastic spring 4b for triggering the turntable 9 to rotate is installed on the main shaft 4a at the center of the turntable 9, so that all the arc-extinguishing pills are assembled into an integral large turntable, and the integral large turntable stores mechanical rotational kinetic energy through the metal elastic spring 4b; the two ends of the arc-extinguishing pills 12s at the current triggering position respectively form a current path through the lower liquid electric arc-extinguishing device 2a and the grounding rod 12, and before being struck by lightning, the turntable 9 is in a stationary state in the upper arc-extinguishing housing 1;

[0081] Step 2, when struck by lightning, the current flows from the lightning-connected electrode 68 at the lower end of the lower liquid arc extinguishing device 2a through the inside of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell 5, the arc extinguishing pellet 12s at the current triggering position in the insulating rotary disk 9, and the grounding rod 12 to form a current path;

[0082] Step 3, the current in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 in the arc-extinguishing insulating tube shell 5 impacts the insulating liquid 60 in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 to discharge and form a discharge arc. The discharge arc forms a liquid arc-building channel, thereby generating a liquid-electric effect. The pressure generated by the liquid-electric effect impacts the insulating liquid 60 in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6, and promotes the arc-extinguishing electrode structure 6a to shift in a variable distance and lengthen the arc. The continuously extended arc increases the deposition energy in the liquid, so that the intensity of the liquid-electric effect is dynamically superimposed, forming a higher intensity liquid-electric effect impact pressure impacting the arc channel, completing instantaneous arc extinguishing, lengthening the arc to generate liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing and Worthington jet effect arc extinguishing; in this In the invention, the pressure generated by the liquid-electric effect impacts the insulating liquid 60 in the variable pitch arc extinguishing tube 6, causing the arc extinguishing electrode structure 6a to shift and lengthen the arc. When the current passes through the displaced lower electrode 65 and the displaced upper electrode 63, and breaks through the air gap between the top of the displaced upper electrode 63 and the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode 61, it flows through the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode 61, the electrode support seat 61a, the lower metal crossbar 18 of the lower electrode contact assembly B, the lower vertical support column 17a, the lower connecting electrode 17, the lower electrode sliding sleeve 16, and the lower clamping electrode 19b, and enters the arc extinguishing pill 12s from the bottom electrode 26 of the arc extinguishing pill to realize solid-liquid arc extinguishing;

[0083] Step 4, the current synchronously performs solid-liquid arc extinguishing inside the arc extinguishing tube 25 of the arc extinguishing pill 12s, and the second metal wire 25d in the arc extinguishing pill 12s is vaporized to generate a metal detonation effect impact pressure, and the metal detonation effect impact pressure is coupled with the liquid effect impact pressure generated by the insulating liquid in the arc extinguishing tube 25 to generate a high-energy solid-liquid electric effect pressure, which forcibly extinguishes the power frequency continuous current arc and completes the solid-liquid electric effect arc extinguishing; in the present invention, the current passes through the lower electrode 25c of the arc extinguishing pill, the second metal wire 25d, and the upper electrode 25b of the arc extinguishing pill. At this time, the high-energy current will vaporize the second metal wire 25d, generate liquid electric effect arc extinguishing and second metal wire 25d detonation effect arc extinguishing, and the solid-liquid-electric arc extinguishing chamber has two pressures of solid metal filament vaporization pressure and liquid electric effect pressure superimposed arc extinguishing effect, so as to realize the solid-liquid-electric sealed arc extinguishing structure by immersing the metal filament in the insulating liquid filling the arc extinguishing chamber, which plays a role in short-circuiting the insulating liquid gap to reduce the overall U 50％ The role of;

[0084] Step 5, when the current flows through the first metal wire 22d in the locking tube 22 and through the grounding rod 12, the first metal wire 22d is gasified and impacts the locking tube 22 to burst, and the locking tube 22 loses its locking and supporting function for the arc-extinguishing pellet 12s at the current triggering position;

[0085] Step 6: The insulating turntable 9 in the upper arc-extinguishing housing 1 rotates under the driving force of the metal elastic spring 4b to remove the current solid-liquid arc-extinguishing position, and rotates to the trigger arc-extinguishing position of the next adjacent arc-extinguishing pill 12s. At this time, the upper end of the arc-extinguishing pill 12s forming the new trigger position is blocked and the insulating turntable 9 is stuck again and stops rotating. The insulating turntable 9 is in a stationary state in the upper arc-extinguishing housing 1, so that the arc-extinguishing pill 12s on the newly formed trigger position enters the next arc-extinguishing waiting state;

[0086] In the present invention, when the current flowing through the first metal wire 22d flows from the arc extinguishing pill upper electrode 25b in sequence through the metal fixed base 23, the clamping tube lower electrode 22c at the lower end of the clamping tube body 22a, the first metal wire 22d inside the clamping tube body 22a, the clamping tube upper electrode 22b, the clamping tube upper electrode 22b at the top of the clamping tube body 22a, the clamping electrode 20, and then flows through the upper clamping electrode 19a of the upper electrode contact assembly A, the upper electrode sliding sleeve 14, the upper metal cross bar 15, the upper support column 13a, and the upper grounding electrode 13 to the grounding rod 12, at this time, the high-energy current directly vaporizes the first metal wire 22d inside the clamping tube body 22a. A metal wire 22d, a huge gas impact pressure appears in the positioning tube body 22a, and the impact pressure can break the positioning tube body 22a made of glass, so that the positioning tube body 22a loses the positioning effect on the arc-extinguishing pill 12s on the triggering position, and also loses the positioning effect on the overall large turntable, so the overall insulating turntable 9 and the arc-extinguishing pill 12s inside the insulating turntable 9 start to rotate. When the new arc-extinguishing pill 12s is driven by the insulating turntable 9 to rotate to the triggering position, the positioning electrode 20 on the top of the arc-extinguishing pill 12s will touch the upper positioning electrode 19a and stop rotating, and the device returns to a static state to deal with the next lightning strike;

[0087] In the present invention, the pressure generated by the liquid-electric effect impacts the insulating liquid 60 in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6, so that the insulating liquid 60 drives the arc-extinguishing electrode structure 6a to shift in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube 6 and lengthen the arc under the impact, thereby generating arc extinguishing by the liquid-electric effect and the Worthington jet effect. Among them, the Worthington jet effect and the liquid-electric effect have the following arc extinguishing advantages:

[0088] (1) The liquid-electric effect has a fast arc extinguishing speed, which can reduce the arc intensity of the Worthington jet kinetic energy at the time of arc extinguishing and reduce the difficulty of Worthington arc extinguishing; the large-scale initial arc break produced by the Worthington jet can enhance the ability to suppress arc reignition under the condition of liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing; by connecting the solid-liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing chamber and the liquid-electric variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber in series, the power frequency continuous current arc can be extinguished at multiple breakpoints, synchronously and asymmetricly, forming an arc extinguishing situation with large arc extinguishing pressure, large-scale break and high arc extinguishing speed;

[0089] (2) The initial short arc is used to drive the electrode displacement by the initial liquid-electric effect pressure, lengthen the arc to increase the arc voltage drop in the liquid, increase the arc deposition energy in the liquid and increase the liquid-electric effect pressure, and then force the arc to extinguish and continue to flow at the power frequency;

[0090] (3) The dual-mechanism combined arc extinguishing can extinguish the arc synchronously in both axial (recoil) and radial (compression) dimensions, thus improving the arc extinguishing performance. By utilizing the strong recoil jet mechanism of the impact arc and the strong compression mechanism of the liquid-electric effect, the weak power frequency arc in the initial period of arc construction is extinguished by strong axial and radial disturbances, thus forming a fast, early, and strong asymmetric arc extinguishing process.

[0091] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing structure comprises an upper arc extinguishing device (1a) and a lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device (2a) which are distributed downwards, a grounding rod (12) is vertically arranged at the top of the upper arc extinguishing device (1a), the top of the lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device (2a) is connected to the arc introduction end at the bottom edge of the upper arc extinguishing device, and the upper arc extinguishing device (1a) comprises an upper arc extinguishing shell (1), an insulating rotating disk (9) rotatably arranged inside the arc extinguishing shell (1), and a vertically spaced insulating rotating disk (9) arranged around the upper arc extinguishing shell (1). The insulating rotary disk (9) has a plurality of arc-extinguishing pellets (12s), and the lower end of the grounding rod (12) extends into the top end of the arc-extinguishing housing (1). When the arc-extinguishing pellets (12s) rotate with the insulating rotary disk (9) in the arc-extinguishing housing (1) to a triggering position, the upper ends of the arc-extinguishing pellets (12s) and the lower ends of the grounding rods (12) are mutually locked and restricted, and a gap is set or locked between the lower ends of the arc-extinguishing pellets (12s) and the top end of the lower liquid-electric arc-extinguishing device (2a).

2. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An upper electrode contact assembly (A) and a lower upper electrode contact assembly (B) are symmetrically arranged in a radial direction inside the arc extinguishing housing (1) and located above the upper disk surface and below the lower disk surface of the insulating rotary disk (9); the fixed end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A) is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod (12); the lower electrode contact assembly (B) is arranged at the top end of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device (2a); when the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) rotates to a triggering position in the arc extinguishing housing (1) along with the insulating rotary disk (9), the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A) is in contact with or connected to the top end of the arc extinguishing pellet (12s); and a gap is set or a position restriction is formed between the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly (B) and the lower end of the arc extinguishing pellet (12s).

3. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An upper annular slide rail groove (8a) and a lower annular slide rail groove (8b) are symmetrically arranged on the upper disk surface and the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable (9), and a plurality of mutually spaced receiving cavities (8c) for accommodating the arc extinguishing pellets (12s) are vertically penetrated in the upper annular slide rail groove (8a) and the lower annular slide rail groove (8b). The receiving cavities (8c) vertically penetrate the upper and lower disk surfaces of the insulating turntable (9), and the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A) vertically extends downward into the upper annular slide rail groove (8a), and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly (B) vertically extends upward into the lower annular slide rail groove (8b). The insulating rotating disk (9) is guided to rotate in the arc extinguishing housing (1) through the upper circular ring slide groove (8a) and the free end of the electrode contact assembly (A) and the lower circular ring slide groove (8b) and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly (B). When the arc extinguishing pellets (12s) in each receiving cavity (8c) rotate with the insulating rotating disk (9) to a trigger position below the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A) and above the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly (B), the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A) is in contact with or connected to the top end of the arc extinguishing pellets (12s), and the free end of the lower electrode contact assembly (B) is spaced or restricted from the lower end of the arc extinguishing pellets (12s).

4. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 3 is characterized by: The upper electrode contact assembly (A) comprises an upper grounding electrode (13), an upper metal crossbar (15) and an upper locking electrode (19a); the lower electrode contact assembly (B) comprises a lower connecting electrode (17), a lower metal crossbar (18) and a lower locking electrode (19b), and the upper grounding electrode (13) and the lower connecting electrode (17) are arranged in a radial direction above the upper disk surface and below the lower disk surface of the insulating rotating disk (9) and are symmetrical to each other; The fixed end of the upper grounding electrode (13) is connected to the lower end of the grounding rod (12); upper vertical support columns (13a) extending vertically downward are respectively provided on the lower side wall of the free end of the upper grounding electrode (13) and the lower side wall close to one end of the grounding rod (12); the two ends of the upper metal cross bar (15) are horizontally connected to the lower side wall of the upper grounding electrode (13) through the upper vertical support columns (13a); the upper end of the upper locking electrode (19a) is connected to the outer wall between the upper vertical support columns (13a) at both ends of the upper metal cross bar (15) and close to the free end of the upper grounding electrode (13); the lower end of the upper locking electrode (19a) extends vertically downward into the upper annular slide rail groove (8a) to contact or connect with the top end of the arc extinguishing pill (12s); The lower metal cross bar (18) is horizontally arranged at the top of the lower liquid-electric arc extinguishing device (2a); lower vertical support columns (17a) extending vertically upward are arranged at both ends of the lower metal cross bar (18); the lower connecting electrode (17) is horizontally arranged on the lower vertical support columns (17a) at both ends of the lower metal cross bar (18); the lower end of the lower locking electrode (19b) is vertically connected to the top of the lower connecting electrode (17) between the two lower vertical support columns (17a); the upper end of the lower locking electrode (19b) extends vertically upward into the lower annular slide rail groove (8b) and is spaced or restricted from the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill (12s); the upper locking electrode (19a), the lower locking electrode (19b) and the arc extinguishing pill (12s) are located on the same vertical line.

5. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An upper electrode sliding sleeve (14) is sleeved on the outer wall of an upper metal cross bar (15) located between two upper vertical support columns (13a); the upper end of the upper locking electrode (19a) is vertically fixed on the upper electrode sliding sleeve (14); the lower end of the upper locking electrode (19a) extends vertically downward into the upper annular slide rail groove (8a) to engage with or connect with the top end of the arc extinguishing pill (12s); a lower electrode sliding sleeve (16) is sleeved on the outer wall of a lower connecting electrode (17) located between two lower vertical support columns (17a); and the lower end of the lower locking electrode (19b) is vertically fixed on the lower electrode sliding sleeve (16).

6. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The upper annular slide rail groove (8a) and the lower annular slide rail groove (8b) are respectively composed of a plurality of spiral or annular guide slide rail grooves distributed from the center to the edge of the insulating turntable (9), and a guide conversion groove (8d) is provided at a transition position between the end end of each guide slide rail groove and the start end of the next adjacent guide slide rail groove; When the insulating turntable (9) rotates, the upper positioning electrode (19a) rotates relative to the insulating turntable (9) along the upper annular slide groove (8a). When the upper positioning electrode (19a) rotates to the guide conversion groove (8d), the upper positioning electrode (19a) slides on the upper metal cross bar (15) through the upper electrode sliding sleeve (14) and moves along the guide conversion groove (8d) in the upper disk surface of the insulating turntable (9) to the next guide slide groove. The lower positioning electrode (19b) slides on the lower connecting electrode (17) through the lower electrode sliding sleeve (16) and moves along the guide conversion groove (8d) on the lower disk surface of the insulating turntable (9) to the next guide slide groove.

7. A liquid-solid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing pellet (12s) comprises an insulating tube body (24), an arc-extinguishing tube (25) sealed and wrapped in the insulating tube body (24), an arc-extinguishing liquid (250), and a metal fixing base (23) and an arc-extinguishing pellet bottom electrode (26) respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the insulating tube body (24) and extending vertically outwards. The top end of the arc-extinguishing tube (25) is connected to the metal fixing base (23) in the inner part of the top end of the insulating tube body (24), and the lower end of the arc-extinguishing tube (25) is connected to the inner part of the bottom end of the insulating tube body (24). The arc extinguishing pellet (12s) is connected to the bottom electrode (26) of the arc extinguishing pellet part, the arc extinguishing liquid (250) is filled in the arc extinguishing tube (25), a clamping tube (22) is vertically arranged on the top of the metal fixed base (23), the lower end of the clamping tube (22) is connected to the top of the metal fixed base (23), and when the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) rotates to a triggering position in the arc extinguishing housing (1) along with the insulating rotary disk (9), the top of the clamping tube (22) is in clamping contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact assembly (A).

8. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 7 is characterized by: A protective cover (21) is arranged directly above the top of the metal fixed base (23); an upwardly protruding positioning electrode (20) is arranged at the center of the top of the protective cover (21); the upper end of the positioning tube (22) is vertically nested and inserted into the bottom end of the positioning electrode (20); and the upper end of the positioning electrode (20) is in positioning contact or connection with the free end of the upper electrode contact component (A).

9. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning tube (22) is a glass tube, the protective cover (21) is an elastic or rigid protective cover, a supporting groove (23a) is arranged on the top of the metal fixed base (23), the lower end of the positioning tube (22) is arranged in the supporting groove (23a), and the upper end of the positioning tube (22) extends vertically upward from the supporting groove (23a) to be nested and inserted into the bottom end of the positioning electrode (20).

10. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping tube (22) comprises a clamping tube body (22a), an upper clamping tube electrode (22b) and a lower clamping tube electrode (22c) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the clamping tube body (22a), and a first metal wire (22d) connected to the clamping tube upper electrode (22b) and the clamping tube lower electrode (22c) is respectively arranged inside the clamping tube body (22a).

11. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing tube (25) comprises an arc-extinguishing insulating shell (25a) sealed and wrapped in an insulating tube body (24); the arc-extinguishing insulating shell (25a) is filled with arc-extinguishing liquid (250); an arc-extinguishing pellet upper electrode (25b) and an arc-extinguishing pellet lower electrode (25c) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell (25a); and a second metal wire (25d) connected to the arc-extinguishing pellet upper electrode (25b) and the arc-extinguishing pellet lower electrode (25c) is respectively arranged in the cavity of the arc-extinguishing insulating shell (25a); The arc-extinguishing pellet upper electrode (25b) is connected to the lower end of the metal fixed base (23) inside the top end of the insulating tube body (24), and the arc-extinguishing pellet lower electrode (25c) is connected to the lower end of the arc-extinguishing pellet bottom electrode (26) inside the bottom end of the insulating tube body (24).

12. A liquid-solid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device (2a) comprises an arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell (5) and a variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder (6) arranged inside the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell (5); the inner cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder (6) is filled with insulating liquid (60); the inner cavity size of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder (6) gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell (5); an arc extinguishing electrode structure (6a) that can float up and down along the insulating liquid (60) is arranged in the inner cavity of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder (6); and the upper and lower ends of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell (5) are respectively provided with a variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode (61) and a variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode (61) that extend into the two ends of the variable-distance arc extinguishing cylinder (6). The variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber has an upper electrode (61) in contact with the air gap above the insulating liquid in the variable-distance arc extinguishing tube (6), the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode (67) in contact with the insulating liquid at the bottom of the variable-distance arc extinguishing tube (6) and is arranged in a gap with the lower end of the arc extinguishing electrode structure (6a), the top end of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode (61) vertically extends upward from the outside of the arc extinguishing insulating tube shell (5) and is arranged in a gap or is connected with the lower end of the arc extinguishing pill (12s), and the bottom end surface of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode (67) vertically extends downward from the outside of the lower end of the arc extinguishing insulating tube shell (5) and is connected to a lightning pole (68).

13. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 12, characterized in that: An electrode support seat (61a) is arranged at the top end of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode (61), the top end of the variable-pitch arc extinguishing chamber upper electrode (61) vertically extends upwards out of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder housing (5) and is connected to the lower end of the electrode support seat (61a), and a clamping groove (61b) is arranged on the top end surface of the electrode support seat (61a).

14. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 12, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing electrode structure (6a) comprises an umbrella-shaped electrode (64), a displacement upper electrode (63) extending vertically upward from the center of the top end of the umbrella-shaped electrode (64), a displacement lower electrode (65) extending vertically downward from the center of the bottom end of the umbrella-shaped electrode (64), and a needle tip electrode (67a) extending vertically upward is provided at the upper end of the variable-distance arc extinguishing chamber lower electrode (67).

15. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 14, characterized in that: A limit plate (62) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the displacement upper electrode (63) above the umbrella-shaped electrode (64).

16. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 15, characterized in that: The displacement upper electrode (63) at the top of the umbrella-shaped electrode (64) is connected to the lower end of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber upper electrode (61) through a metal chain (33).

17. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 14, characterized in that: An annular fixing seat (37) fixed on the inner wall of the variable pitch chamber of the variable pitch arc extinguishing tube (6) is arranged above the upper end of the lower electrode (67) of the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber, and a plurality of insulating limit posts (38) for supporting the guide sliding of the umbrella-shaped electrode (64) are arranged between the annular surface of the annular fixing seat (37) and the lower end section of the lower electrode (67) of the variable pitch arc extinguishing chamber, and the edge of the umbrella-shaped electrode (64) is arranged to penetrate each insulating limit post (38).

18. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 14, characterized in that: The upper end of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing chamber lower electrode (67) extends upward to the center hole of the annular fixed clamping seat (37).

19. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 14, characterized in that: An arc-extinguishing tube inner skirt (66) is arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the variable-distance arc-extinguishing tube (6).

20. A liquid-solid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A screw rod (4) is vertically arranged at the center of the bottom of the arc extinguishing housing (1), a main shaft (4a) is vertically fixed at the top of the screw rod (4), and the insulating rotary disc (9) is rotatably arranged on the main shaft (4a).

21. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 20, characterized in that: A rotation driving component is arranged on the main shaft (4a) for driving the insulating turntable (9) and rotating around the main shaft (4a) as the central axis.

22. The liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure of the solid-liquid series conversion combination according to claim 21, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly comprises a metal elastic spring (4b), an upper annular bearing (4c) and a lower annular bearing (4d) arranged on a main shaft (4a); the upper annular bearing (4c) and the lower annular bearing (4d) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the main shaft (4a); the upper and lower ends of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable (9) are arranged on the main shaft (4a) through the upper annular bearing (4c) and the lower annular bearing (4d); the metal elastic spring (4b) is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft (4a) between the upper annular bearing (4c) and the lower annular bearing (4d); one end of the metal elastic spring (4b) is connected to the main shaft (4a), and the other end of the metal elastic spring (4b) is connected to the inner wall of the central axis hole of the insulating turntable (9).

23. A method for arc extinguishing by liquid-solid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect, characterized in that: An arc extinguishing method using a solid-liquid series conversion combined liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 22 comprises the following steps: A plurality of arc extinguishing pellets (12s) are arranged at intervals in an insulating rotary disk (9) in an upper arc extinguishing housing (1); a metal elastic spring (4b) for triggering the rotary disk (9) to rotate is installed at the center of the rotary disk (9); two ends of the arc extinguishing pellets (12s) at a current triggering position respectively form a current path through a lower liquid electric arc extinguishing device (2a) and a grounding rod (12); and before being struck by lightning, the rotary disk (9) is in a stationary state in the upper arc extinguishing housing (1); When struck by lightning, the current flows from the lightning-connected electrode (68) at the lower end of the lower liquid arc extinguishing device (2a) through the inside of the arc extinguishing insulating cylinder shell (5), the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) at the current triggering position in the insulating rotary disk (9), and the grounding rod (12) in sequence to form a current path; The current in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing cylinder (6) in the arc-extinguishing insulating cylinder housing (5) impacts the insulating liquid (60) in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing cylinder (6) to discharge and form a discharge arc. The discharge arc forms a liquid arc-building channel, thereby generating a liquid-electric effect. The pressure generated by the liquid-electric effect impacts the insulating liquid (60) in the variable-distance arc-extinguishing cylinder (6), and drives the arc-extinguishing electrode structure (6a) to shift in a variable distance and lengthen the arc. The continuously extended arc increases the deposited energy in the liquid, so that the liquid-electric effect intensity is dynamically superimposed, forming a liquid-electric effect impact pressure with a higher intensity to impact the arc channel, thereby completing instantaneous arc extinguishing. At the same time, solid-liquid arc extinguishing is synchronously performed inside the arc extinguishing tube (25) of the arc extinguishing pill (12s), and the second metal wire (25d) in the arc extinguishing pill (12s) is vaporized to generate metal detonation effect impact pressure, and the metal detonation effect impact pressure is coupled with the liquid effect impact pressure generated by the insulating liquid in the arc extinguishing tube (25) to generate high-energy solid-liquid electric effect pressure, forcing the power frequency continuous current arc to be extinguished, thereby completing the solid-liquid electric effect arc extinguishing; When the current flows through the first metal wire (22d) in the locking tube (22) and through the grounding rod (12), the first metal wire (22d) is gasified and then impacts the locking tube (22) to burst, and the locking tube (22) loses its locking and supporting function for the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) at the current triggering position; The insulating turntable (9) in the upper arc extinguishing housing (1) rotates under the driving force of the metal elastic spring (4b) to remove the current solid-liquid arc extinguishing position and rotates to the trigger arc extinguishing position of the next adjacent arc extinguishing pellet (12s). At this time, the upper end of the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) forming a new triggering position is blocked and the insulating turntable (9) is stuck again and stops rotating. The insulating turntable (9) is in a stationary state in the upper arc extinguishing housing (1), so that the arc extinguishing pellet (12s) at the newly formed triggering position enters a waiting state for the next arc extinguishing.

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