Waxberry picking shed frame and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a waxberry picking shed frame and application thereof. The shed frame comprises an H-shaped frame, an M-shaped frame and a W-shaped frame. The shed frames in the three shapes are built according to different tree shapes of waxberry trees, and the vertical columns of the M-shaped frames and the W-shaped frames form included angles of 60-120 degrees with the ground. The steel pipe shed frames with the corresponding shapes are built according to different tree shapes, and the H-shaped frames are suitable for picking flat-head-shaped waxberry trees. The M-shaped frame is suitable for picking round-head waxberry trees; the W-shaped frame is suitable for picking WV-shaped waxberry trees. The three kinds of shed frames play a significant role in improving the standing picking yield, the full-crown picking rate, the fruit quality, the commodity fruit rate and the high-quality fruit rate of the waxberries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bayberry production, and in particular to a bayberry picking trellis and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) boasts vibrant color, a sweet and sour flavor, and a unique flavor, possessing high economic and nutritional value. In recent years, with the gradual expansion of the bayberry industry and the continuous improvement of its economic benefits, producers have placed increasing emphasis on scientific management and production methods. Consequently, the safe and efficient production of high-quality premium bayberry fruit has become a matter of widespread concern for both producers and consumers.

[0003] Bayberry fruit is soft and juicy, consisting of multiple fleshy columns neatly arranged longitudinally around the core. Each fleshy column has a very thin outer peel, which is very easy to rot or be mechanically damaged. In the production process, in order to avoid mechanical damage to the fruit, it is basically picked by hand, and the bayberry trees are relatively tall; on the other hand, the bayberry branches are relatively fragile and can be easily stepped on and broken during the picking process. Therefore, it is usually necessary to build a picking rack when picking, so that the high-level or outer-layer fruits can be picked. The existing picking racks are usually built with bamboo poles or bamboo poles, which have great safety hazards, are difficult to build, and take a long time. In addition, after the existing picking racks are built, it is difficult to adjust the height of the picking platform, the picking range is small, and the fruiting part is moved upward.

[0004] In the existing technology, there is a lack of bayberry trellises built for different terrains and tree shapes. Providing a rack that can be flexibly built in combination with different bayberry tree shapes can improve the yield and fruit quality of bayberry picking, which is of great significance to the guidance of bayberry production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a bayberry picking trellis and its application, wherein the trellis includes an H-shaped trellis, an M-shaped trellis and a W-shaped trellis. The three shapes of trellises are constructed according to the different tree shapes of bayberry trees, wherein the uprights of the M-shaped trellis and the W-shaped trellis form an angle of 60 to 120 degrees with the ground. Steel pipe trellises of corresponding shapes are constructed according to different tree shapes. The H-shaped trellis is suitable for picking flat-headed bayberry trees; the M-shaped trellis is suitable for picking round-headed bayberry trees; and the W-shaped trellis is suitable for picking WV-shaped bayberry trees. The three trellises have a significant effect on improving the standing picking yield, full crown picking rate, fruit quality, commercial fruit rate and fine fruit rate of bayberry.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a bayberry picking trellis, including any one or more of an H-shaped rack, an M-shaped rack and a W-shaped rack, and the racks are all constructed of steel pipes.

[0007] The present invention has been proven through extensive research that the use of steel tube trellises instead of the previous bamboo trellises can improve the ventilation and light transmission of the inner chamber of the fruit tree, promote the photosynthesis of the fruit tree, thereby increasing the picking yield of the bayberry tree, the sugar-acid ratio of the fruit, and the quality of the fruit. The inventor applied for domestic patents CN118285255A and CN118235634A in 2024, disclosing the effects of bayberry trees of different tree shapes on the quality and yield of bayberry fruit. This application designs matching steel tube trellises for the different tree shapes involved in the patent, thereby respectively improving the picking yield and quality of bayberries of different tree shapes.

[0008] Furthermore, the steel pipe trellis is built during the shaping and pruning period of the bayberry trees, and the shaping and pruning period includes any one or more of 2 to 3 months before the fruit matures, after the fruit is picked, and autumn and winter.

[0009] In actual production, bayberry trees are typically pruned two to three months before fruit ripening (around March in spring), after fruit harvest (July in summer), and in autumn and winter (November). Pruning is tailored to the tree's shape, removing intersecting and overlapping branches. Steel tube trellises are constructed based on the shaped bayberry trees, improving light transmission through the canopy and promoting nutrient growth.

[0010] Furthermore, the H-shaped rack, M-shaped rack and W-shaped rack include multiple columns, cross columns and pedal rods, and the multiple columns are combined to form a rectangle to cover the bayberry tree; any cross column can be detachably connected between any opposite columns; and any pedal rod can be detachably connected between any opposite cross columns.

[0011] In some methods, the H-shaped trellis uses a total of 9 columns (8 columns on the four sides, 1 column in the middle, and 3 meters apart), which are enclosed to form a rectangle to cover the bayberry tree. 12 horizontal columns are used (4 each for the upper, middle, and lower columns), which can be detachably connected between any two opposite columns. The height of the lower layer of the horizontal columns from the ground is 1 to 1.5 meters, the spacing between the middle and lower layers is 1 to 2 meters, and the spacing between the upper and middle layers is 1 to 1.5 meters. There are a total of 6 pedal rods, which can be detachably connected between any two opposite horizontal columns and fixed between the two horizontal columns in a cross-shaped manner. The length of the columns, horizontal columns, and pedal rods is 6 meters. The structures of the M-shaped trellis and the W-shaped trellis are similar to those of the H-shaped trellis.

[0012] In some configurations, the angle of the trellis columns can be adjusted to suit the tree shape, and the height of the pedals can be adjusted to suit the picking height. Furthermore, depending on production conditions, removable square tubes are used between tiers, facilitating both picking and mobility. Compared to existing bamboo trellises, square tubes are not only easier to assemble and disassemble, but also reduce safety risks. Furthermore, the height of the picking platform can be adjusted, offering high adaptability and expanding the picking range of bayberries.

[0013] Furthermore, the columns of the M-shaped rack form an angle of 100 to 120 degrees with the ground, and the columns of the W-shaped rack form an angle of 60 to 80 degrees with the ground.

[0014] M-shaped, W-shaped, and H-shaped trellises have similar structures. The difference is that the M-shaped columns are angled 100-120 degrees to the ground and secured by cement pouring. Each column is 1-3 meters apart, forming a square platform. The W-shaped columns are angled 60-80 degrees to the ground and 1-2 meters apart. They are secured to the ground by cement pouring, forming an inverted square platform with the help of the bayberry trees.

[0015] Furthermore, the steel pipe scaffolding is 5 to 6 meters high, with 3 to 4 layers, and each steel pipe is fixed by a cross fastener; the bayberry tree is 3 to 5 meters high.

[0016] In some configurations, steel pipes are selected to be 6 meters long, with columns partially sunk into the ground during construction. The overall scaffolding is approximately 5.5 meters high, and the crossbars and pedals are arranged in three layers. This significantly improves the yield and quality of fruit harvested from the middle and upper parts of the bayberry tree canopy. The columns, crossbars, and pedals are secured with cross fasteners, making them more secure and safer than traditional bamboo scaffolding. Two to three scissor-fork support frames are installed between the columns of all three scaffolding types, enhancing the overall stability and safety of the scaffolding.

[0017] When picking bayberries, the three types of trellises can adjust the angle between the uprights and the ground or the height of the pedals according to the volume, size, and height of the bayberries. Whether it is the external fruit or the fruit on the inner branches, especially the fruit in the middle and upper parts of the bayberry tree, people can reach them, and the picking yield, fruit quality, and fruit sugar-acid ratio are significantly improved.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides a use of a scaffold for preparing a device for improving the quality of bayberry picking, wherein the scaffold is constructed of steel pipes.

[0019] In the actual application of bayberry picking, it was found that the three steel tube scaffolds provided by the present invention increased the total flavonoids and total amino acid content of bayberry fruit and improved the fruit quality compared with the bamboo scaffold.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention provides a use of a scaffold for preparing a device for increasing the yield of bayberry picking, wherein the scaffold is constructed of steel pipes.

[0021] Compared with the bamboo scaffolding, the steel tube scaffolding provided by the present invention increases the fruit picking range in the middle and upper parts of the tree crown, thereby increasing the fruit picking yield, commercial fruit rate and fine fruit rate.

[0022] In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of a trellis for preparing a device for improving the sugar-acid ratio of picked bayberry fruits, wherein the trellis is constructed of steel pipes.

[0023] Picking practice has shown that using steel pipe trellises to pick bayberries can reduce the citric acid and total acid content of the fruit, reduce the acidity of the fruit, and increase the sugar-acid ratio.

[0024] In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of a trellis for preparing a device for improving the safety of picking bayberry fruits, wherein the trellis is constructed of steel pipes.

[0025] Traditional bamboo scaffolding is secured with lashing straps, which is laborious, lacks strength, and offers low safety. It's also prone to weathering and damage over time. In contrast, the three types of scaffolding utilize cross fasteners to secure each column and between the columns and the pedals. This provides increased resistance to slippage, enhanced safety, and easy disassembly and adjustment, making maintenance more convenient. Furthermore, two to three scissor forks are installed between the columns. These forks enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the entire structure by increasing its longitudinal rigidity and lateral stability, thereby improving work efficiency and safety.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention provides a use of a trellis for preparing a device for picking flat-headed bayberry trees, wherein the trellis is an H-shaped rack.

[0027] Furthermore, the flat-top bayberry tree refers to a tree with four to five main branches, all with the main branches at the top of the crown at the same height. Flat-top bayberry trees have more branches, allowing for a wider outer picking range and more dispersed inner branches. The H-shaped trellis, combined with three different tree shapes, can thin flowers and fruits to a certain extent, improving picking yield and fruit quality, with the best results when applied to flat-top bayberry trees.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention provides a use of a trellis for preparing a device for picking round-headed bayberry trees, wherein the trellis is an M-shaped rack.

[0029] Furthermore, the round-headed bayberry tree refers to a tree with main branches that retain at least 5 branches, and the main branches at the top of the crown are high in the middle and low around. The crown of the round-headed bayberry tree is larger, and the leaves, flowers, and fruits are mostly concentrated in the middle and upper parts, resulting in the concentration of fruits inside, but less sunlight. The M-shaped trellis props up the crown of the round-headed bayberry tree by shaping a square platform, which increases the internal space and greatly improves the flower and fruit thinning rate in the application of bayberry fruit picking. When the M-shaped trellis is used in combination with the round-headed bayberry tree, it can significantly improve the bayberry picking yield, fruit quality and sugar-acid ratio, and has the best effect compared to the other two shapes of steel pipe trellises.

[0030] On the other hand, the present invention provides a use of a trellis for preparing a WV-shaped device for picking bayberry trees, wherein the trellis is a W-shaped rack.

[0031] Furthermore, the WV-shaped bayberry tree refers to a tree with main branches that are retained to 3-4 levels of forking, and the main branches at the top of the crown are staggered in height, forming a concave and convex wave shape. The W-shaped trellis is built according to the WV tree shape of the bayberry tree, and the angle of each column is set according to the angle of the branch, so that the column is parallel to the branch or installed close to the branch, maintaining the original tree shape of the bayberry tree. During the picking process, people can pick fruits on the outer edge of the crown by adjusting the height of the pedal, and at the same time, some fruits on the inner branches that are higher and difficult to reach when standing on the ground can also be picked.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The steel tube scaffolding provided by the present invention is provided with a plurality of pedal rods installed between any opposite horizontal columns. The height of the pedal rods can be adjusted according to the standing position, which has high adaptability and increases the picking range.

[0034] 2. The combination of trellises of different shapes and different shapes of bayberry trees for picking can meet various needs, be flexible in application, and increase the fruit picking yield;

[0035] 3. Through the treatment of trellises of different shapes, the ventilation and light transmittance of bayberry are improved, the photosynthesis of fruit trees is promoted, the sugar-acid ratio of the fruit is increased, and the quality of bayberry fruit is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the H-shaped scaffolding structure in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the M-shaped scaffolding structure in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the W-shaped scaffolding structure in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of adding scissor fork fixing to the H-shaped scaffold in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross fastener fixing the steel pipe in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the cross fastener in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flat-headed bayberry tree in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the round-headed bayberry tree in Example 2;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the WV-shaped bayberry tree in Example 2.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the application of the H-shaped scaffold in Example 2;

[0046] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the application of M-shaped or W-shaped scaffolding in Example 3 and Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] Example 1: Bayberry picking trellis provided by the present invention

[0050] (1) H-shaped scaffolding

[0051] like Figure 1 and 4 The H-shaped scaffolding 1 includes 9 vertical columns 101, 12 horizontal columns 102 and 6 pedal rods 103. The horizontal columns 102 and the pedal rods 103 are divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower. Eight of the vertical columns 101 are enclosed in a rectangle for covering the bayberry tree, and there is one in the middle. The height of the lower layer of the horizontal columns from the ground is 1.5m, the distance between the middle layer and the lower layer is 2m, and the distance between the upper layer and the middle layer is 1.5m. The horizontal columns 102 can be detachably connected between any two opposite vertical columns 101, and the pedal rods 103 can be detachably connected between any two opposite horizontal columns 102. The pedal rods 103 are fixed between the horizontal columns 102 in a cross-shaped manner. The columns 101, cross columns 102 and pedal rods 103 are all 6m long steel pipes. The distance between the columns 101 is 3m. The columns 101 and cross columns 102, as well as the cross columns 102 and pedal rods 103 are fixedly connected by cross fasteners 104 ( Figure 5 and Figure 6In production applications, 2 to 3 scissor forks can be added around the columns of H-shaped, M-shaped and W-shaped scaffolding to improve the stability and safety of the entire scaffolding.

[0052] (2) M-shaped scaffolding

[0053] like Figure 2 Similar to the H-shaped scaffolding 1, the M-shaped scaffolding 2 includes nine uprights 201, twelve crossbars 202, and six pedal rods 203. The uprights 201 and crossbars 202, as well as the crossbars 202 and pedal rods 203, are fixedly connected by cross fasteners 204. The uprights 201 form an angle of 100 to 120 degrees with the ground, with a distance of 3 meters between each pair of uprights 201, forming a square platform.

[0054] (3) W-shaped scaffolding

[0055] like Figure 3 The W-shaped scaffolding 3 is similar in structure to the H-shaped scaffolding 1 and the W-shaped scaffolding 2, comprising nine upright posts 301, twelve cross posts 302, and six pedal rods 303. The upright posts 301 and cross posts 302, as well as the cross posts 302 and pedal rods 303, are fixedly connected by cross fasteners 304. The upright posts 301 form an angle of 60 to 80 degrees with the ground, with a spacing of 2 meters between each pair, forming an inverted square platform.

[0056] Example 2: Processing with H-shaped picking scaffolding

[0057] The experiment was carried out at Lidong Family Farm in Chashan, Ouhai, Wenzhou City. The bayberry variety was Dingaomei. The garden was built on a mountain with an average slope of 42° and faced southeast. The bayberry trees were 3 to 5 meters tall, with a crown height of 2.5 to 3.5 meters and a crown width of 3.5 to 4.0 meters. The main branches were graded, with the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth branches above the trunk / grafting point set as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 levels respectively, for a total of 5 levels of main branches. The branches were classified into 9 categories: back branches, upright large branches, downward branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, injured branches, withered branches, and internal branches. The original mixed-style flat racks of the Dingaomei bayberry trees were removed, and the bayberry trees were shaped and pruned. The steel pipe trellises were built during the shaping and pruning period of the bayberry trees. The shaping and pruning period is generally 2 to 3 months before the fruit matures (i.e. around March in spring), after the fruit is picked (July in summer), and in autumn and winter (November). The preferred pruning period in this embodiment is spring, i.e. 2 to 3 months before the waxberry fruits mature.

[0058] The shaping and pruning methods for bayberry trees of different tree shapes are as follows:

[0059] Flat top shape: Main branches are kept to level 4-5, and the height of main branches at the top of the crown is basically the same (i.e. shaved flat), 100% of diseased and insect-infested branches, injured branches, dead branches, and back branches are thinned out, 50% of overlapping branches, crossing branches, and internal branches are cut off, and 60% of downward branches and 10% of upright large branches are retained. Apply "Motai" on the saw cuts and "Tree Trunk Cloth" on the exposed branches. Figure 7 shown.

[0060] Round head shape: Main branches are retained to level 5, the main branches at the top of the crown are high in the middle and low around (i.e. shaved round head), 100% of diseased and insect-infested branches, injured branches, dead branches, and back branches are thinned out, 50% of overlapping branches, crossing branches, and internal branches are cut off, and 80% of downward branches and 20% of upright large branches are retained, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0061] WV shape: Main branches are retained to level 3-4 (all fifth branches are removed, and some fourth branches can be removed selectively, here: 100% of fifth branches are removed, 20% of fourth branches are removed), the main branches at the top of the crown are staggered high and low, forming a concave and convex wave shape (i.e.: WV head), 100% of diseased and insect-infested branches, injured branches, and dead branches are thinned out, 50% of overlapping branches, crossing branches, and back branches are cut off, and 100% of downward branches, 60% of internal branches, and 30% of upright large branches are retained, such as Figure 9 shown.

[0062] like Figure 10 , H-shaped racks are built around flat-headed, round-headed and WV-shaped bayberry trees respectively. A single bayberry tree uses a total of 9 columns (8 columns on the four sides, 1 column in the middle, and the column spacing is 3m). The columns are combined to form a rectangle to cover the bayberry tree. 12 horizontal columns are used (3 each on the upper, middle and lower sides). The horizontal columns can be detachably connected between any two opposite columns. There are a total of 6 pedals, which can be detachably connected between any two opposite horizontal columns. Four movable square tubes of equal length are laid on the middle horizontal columns for easy picking. Each steel pipe is 6m long. The columns are partially inserted into the ground during construction and fixed to the ground by pouring cement. The overall height of the scaffolding is about 5.5m. Cross fasteners are used to fix the columns, and 3 scissors forks are used according to the geographical location.

[0063] Example 3: M-shaped picking scaffolding treatment

[0064] like Figure 11The M-shaped rack is similar to the H-shaped rack in that it is built around a round-headed bayberry tree with 8 columns, one in the middle, and the column forms an angle of 100 to 120 degrees with the ground. The angle can be adjusted according to the geographical location or the changes in the shape of the bayberry tree during its growth. The columns are fixed to the ground by cement pouring, and the distance between every two columns is 3m, forming a square platform. The upper, middle and lower layers each have 4 horizontal columns and 2 pedal rods, and the middle horizontal column is covered with 4 movable square tubes of equal length. Each steel pipe is 6m long. The columns are partially inserted into the ground during construction and fixed to the ground by cement pouring. The overall height of the scaffolding is about 5.5m. The columns, horizontal columns and pedal rods are all fixed by cross fasteners, and 3 scissors forks are added around the columns. In this embodiment, the angle between the column and the ground is preferably 120 degrees.

[0065] Example 4: W-shaped picking scaffolding treatment

[0066] like Figure 11 The W-shaped rack is handled in a similar way to the H-shaped rack. Eight columns are built around a single bayberry tree, with one in the middle. The column forms an angle of 60 to 80 degrees with the ground. The angle can be adjusted according to the geographical location or the changes in the shape of the bayberry tree during its growth. The columns are fixed to the ground by cement pouring. The distance between each two columns is 2m, forming an inverted square platform. The upper, middle and lower layers each have four horizontal columns and two pedals. The middle horizontal columns are covered with four movable square tubes of equal length. Each steel pipe is 6m long. The columns are partially inserted into the ground during construction and fixed to the ground by cement pouring. The overall height of the scaffolding is about 5.5m. The columns, horizontal columns and pedals are all fixed by cross fasteners, and three scissors forks are added around the columns. In this embodiment, the angle between the column and the ground is preferably 80 degrees.

[0067] Example 5: Bamboo scaffolding treatment

[0068] Bamboo scaffolding was constructed around flat-top, round-top, and WV-shaped bayberry trees. Eight vertical columns were used around each tree, forming a rectangular enclosure. Each column was spaced 3 meters apart. Eighteen horizontal columns were used: six each at the top, middle, and bottom, with the six middle columns forming a cross. The vertical columns were fixed to the ground using cement pouring, and the vertical and horizontal columns were secured with ties.

[0069] Example 6, Bayberry picking yield and commercial fruit rate analysis

[0070] Individual trees served as plots, with three replicates. Sampling was conducted on June 6, 2023, and May 30, 2024. Fifteen bayberries were randomly picked from the upper, middle, and lower canopies in the east, south, west, north, and center directions, for a total of 15. After harvesting, the fruit was immediately stored in a refrigerator and brought back to the laboratory. Bayberry fruit from the upper, middle, and lower canopies were harvested while standing, and yield and commercial fruit percentage were calculated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0071] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on standing picking yield of bayberry

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] According to Table 1, under the no-trellis treatment in 2023 and 2024, the fruit yields of the three tree-shaped bayberry trees, namely, flat-headed, round-headed and WV-shaped, were 19.64 kg, 19.94 kg and 21.70 kg respectively; the picking yields of the flat-headed, round-headed and WV-shaped bayberry trees treated with bamboo trellis were 30.34 kg, 29.61 kg and 24.69 kg respectively; when the H-shaped trellis (Example 2) was used for picking the three tree-shaped bayberry trees, the picking yields of the flat-headed, round-headed and WV-shaped bayberry trees were 43.44 kg, 42.77 kg and 43.11 kg respectively. It can be seen that compared with the control (no trellis) and bamboo trellis, the use of the H-shaped trellis treatment can significantly increase the picking yield of bayberry fruit, and the picking yield is the highest when applied to the flat-headed bayberry trees.

[0075] When the H-shaped trellis was used to treat flat-headed bayberry trees, the standing picking rates of the upper part of the entire crown were 70.40% and 71.89% in 2023 and 2024, respectively, the standing picking rates of the middle part were 19.76% and 19.46%, respectively, and the standing picking rates of the lower part were 9.84% and 8.65%, respectively. At the same time, when the M-shaped trellis (Example 3) was used to treat round-headed bayberry trees, the standing picking rates of the upper part of the entire crown were 82.56% and 81.94%, respectively, the standing picking rates of the middle part were 13.08% and 13.73%, respectively, and the standing picking rates of the lower part were 4.36% and 4.33%, respectively. When the W-shaped trellis (Example 4) was used to treat WV-shaped bayberry trees, the standing picking rates of the upper part of the entire crown were 75.63% and 72.87%, respectively, the standing picking rates of the middle part were 17.18% and 16.56%, respectively, and the standing picking rates of the lower part were 7.20% and 10.57%, respectively. Using the three trellises provided by the present invention, a person standing on the ground, branches, or steel pipes can not only pick the outer fruit with one hand, but can also reach the fruit on the inner branches, so the fruit picking rate per tree is 100%.

[0076] Compared with the bamboo scaffolding treatment, the upper standing picking rates of the flat-headed bayberry trees (Example 5) in 2023 and 2024 were 81.07% and 80.87% respectively, the middle standing picking rates were 18.20% and 18.99% respectively, and the lower standing picking rates were 0.73% and 0.14% respectively. The fruit of bayberry is mainly concentrated in the upper layer of the tree. In treatment 2, people standing on the ground, branches or bamboo cannot reach the outer edge of the crown with one hand. Therefore, the fruit picking rate of single bayberry tree is about 70%, and the fruit picking rate of round-headed and WV-shaped bayberry trees is also about 70%. While the standing picking rates of the upper, middle and lower parts of the crown of the flat-headed bayberry trees without trellises are about 30.0%, 50.0% and 20.0% respectively. Since people standing on the ground or branches cannot reach the outer edge of the crown, the fruit picking rate of single bayberry tree is about 45%, and the picking rates of round-headed and WV-shaped fruits are similar.

[0077] Comparing Examples 2 and 5 with the control, it can be found that the two-year average standing picking yield of the three tree-shaped bayberry trees with flat heads, round heads, and WV shapes treated with the H-shaped trellis increased by 43.17%, 44.44%, and 60.43% respectively compared with the bamboo trellis treatment; and increased by 121.18%, 104.25%, and 82.53% respectively compared with the control; the two-year average standing picking yield of the round-headed bayberry trees treated with the M-shaped trellis increased by 116.27% compared with the bamboo trellis treatment and increased by 205.83% compared with the control; the two-year average standing picking yield of the WV-shaped bayberry trees treated with the W-shaped trellis increased by 126.81% compared with the bamboo trellis treatment and increased by 158.06% compared with the control. It can be seen that the three trellis treatments provided by the present invention significantly increased the yield compared with the bamboo trellis treatment and the control, among which the combination of the M-shaped trellis and the round-headed bayberry trees is the most preferred.

[0078] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on the commercial fruit rate and high-quality fruit rate of bayberry

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Table 2 shows that the average commercial fruit rates of flat-headed, round-headed, and WV-shaped bayberry trees treated with H-shaped trellises were 72.75%, 71.09%, and 68.30% over two years, respectively, and the premium fruit rates were 26.36%, 25.54%, and 22.12%, respectively. Compared with bamboo trellises, these commercial fruit rates increased by 14.37, 5.93, and 10.68 percentage points, respectively, while the premium fruit rates increased by 5.75, 2.67, and 3.73 percentage points, respectively. For round-headed bayberry trees treated with M-shaped trellises, the average commercial fruit rates and premium fruit rates were 86.53% and 38.18% over two years, respectively, representing increases of 21.37 and 16.31 percentage points, respectively, compared with bamboo trellises and 47.02 and 18.88 percentage points, respectively, compared with the control. The average commercial fruit rate and high-quality fruit rate of WV-shaped bayberry treated with W-shaped trellises were 80.6% and 31.56% respectively in two years, which increased by 22.98 and 8.17 percentage points respectively compared with bamboo trellises, and increased by 38.53 and 15.91 percentage points respectively compared with the control.

[0082] Combining the data in Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the three trellises provided by the present invention can greatly improve the standing picking yield, picking rate, commercial fruit rate and high-quality fruit rate of bayberry, among which the combination of the M-shaped trellis and the round-headed bayberry tree shape has the best effect.

[0083] Example 7, Bayberry Fruit Quality Analysis

[0084] The total sugar and total acid content of the fruit was determined using the DNS colorimetric method and acid-base titration method according to GB / T 12456-2008. Various test kits from Nominkoda (Wuhan) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. were used to determine glucose, fructose, sucrose, citric acid, vitamin C, total flavonoids, and total amino acids. The sugar-acid ratio is the ratio of total sugar content to total acid content. Soluble solids content was determined using an ATAGO PAL-1 portable digital sugar meter. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0085] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on bayberry fruit quality

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] As shown in Table 3, the average soluble solids content of flat-headed, round-headed, and WV-shaped bayberry trees treated with the H-shaped scaffolding for two consecutive years was 11.2%, 10.5%, and 10.8%, respectively. These were increases of 0.4, 0.2, and 0.2 percentage points, respectively, compared to the bamboo scaffolding, and 0.7, 0.4, and 0.4 percentage points, respectively, compared to the control. The average soluble solids content of round-headed bayberry trees treated with the M-shaped scaffolding for two consecutive years was 11.9%, an increase of 1.7 and 1.8 percentage points, respectively, compared to the bamboo scaffolding and the control. The average soluble solids content of round-headed bayberry trees treated with the W-shaped scaffolding for two consecutive years was 11.6%, an increase of 1, 1, and 1.2 percentage points, respectively, compared to the bamboo scaffolding and the control. However, there were no significant differences among the treatments.

[0089] From the perspective of total flavonoids and total amino acids, the M-shaped scaffolding treatment had the highest contents, which were 1.87 mg·g -1 , 9.87mg·g -1 , which were increased by 49.6% and 38.81% respectively compared with the control; followed by the H-shaped trellis treatment of flat head, round head and WV shape, with total flavonoids of 1.19 mg·g -1 , 1.24mg·g -1 , 1.26mg·g -1 Compared with the control, the content of amino acids increased by 14.42%, 19.23% and 21.15% respectively; the content of total amino acids was 8.31 mg·g -1 , 8.42mg·g -1 、8.56mg·g -1 Compared with the control, the content of total flavonoids and total amino acids in the fruit of bayberry trees treated with W-shaped trellises increased by 14.16% and 12.62% respectively.

[0090] From the above results, it can be seen that the three trellis methods provided by the present invention can improve the intrinsic quality of the fruit, among which the combination of the M-shaped trellis and the round-headed bayberry tree shape has the best effect.

[0091] Example 8, Analysis of Myrica rubra acid content

[0092] The sugar and acid intrinsic quality indices of the fruit, such as total sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose, total acid, and citric acid, were continuously measured in 2023 and 2024 (Table 4). The total sugar, glucose, and sucrose contents of the round-headed bayberry trees treated with the M-shaped trellis were the highest, at 259.75 mg·g -1 , 8.26mg·g -1 、66.14mg·g -1 In the H-shaped trellis treatment, the total sugar, glucose, and sucrose contents of the flat-headed bayberry fruit were the highest, at 253.91 mg·g -1、8.08mg·g -1 、65.34mg·g -1 The total sugar, glucose and sucrose contents of the W-shaped scaffolding treatment were 255.24 mg·g -1 , 8.12mg·g -1 、63.22mg·g -1 The fructose content in the bamboo flat scaffolding treatment was the highest, at 17.68 mg·g -1 However, there were no significant differences in the contents of total sugar, fructose and sucrose among the treatments, while there was no significant difference in the glucose content among the three forms of scaffolding and bamboo, but the three forms of scaffolding significantly increased the glucose content compared with the control.

[0093] In the H-shaped trellis treatment, the total acid content of the round-headed bayberry trees was the lowest, at 9.05 mg·g -1 The total acid content of the bayberry trees treated with the M-shaped trellis was 8.97 mg·g -1 The total acid content of the bayberry trees treated with the W-shaped trellis was 9.12 mg·g -1 The total acid content of WV-shaped bayberry trees in the bamboo scaffolding treatment was the lowest, at 9.27 mg·g -1 The total acid content decreased compared to the control, but the differences among the three treatments were not significant. The citric acid content was in the order of control > H-shaped scaffolding > bamboo scaffolding > W-shaped scaffolding > M-shaped scaffolding. The three scaffolding treatments significantly reduced the citric acid content, indicating that scaffolding is beneficial for reducing fruit acidity.

[0094] In the H-shaped trellis treatment, the sugar-acid ratios of the fruits of the flat-headed, round-headed, and WV-shaped bayberry trees were 25.96, 27.61, and 25.95, respectively. The sugar-acid ratios of the fruits after the M-shaped trellis treatment were 28.96, and the sugar-acid ratios of the fruits after the W-shaped trellis treatment were 27.99. The sugar-acid ratio in the bamboo flat trellis treatment was the highest at 27.52, and the differences between the several were not obvious. Compared with the control, the sugar-acid ratios of the H-shaped trellis, M-shaped trellis, and W-shaped trellis increased by 8.3%, 28.82%, and 22.46%, respectively, and the differences with the control reached a significant level. The above results show that building the steel frame provided by the present invention is conducive to improving the sugar-acid ratio, and the edible quality of bayberry will be better, among which the combination of the M-shaped trellis and the round-headed bayberry tree shape has the best effect.

[0095] Table 4 Effects of different treatments on myricetin acid

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements or similar substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bayberry picking trellis, characterized in that: It includes any one or more of an H-shaped rack, an M-shaped rack and a W-shaped rack, and the racks are all built with steel pipes.

2. The shelf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-shaped rack, M-shaped rack and W-shaped rack include multiple columns, cross columns and pedal rods. The multiple columns are combined to form a rectangle to cover the bayberry tree; any cross column can be detachably connected between any opposite columns; any pedal rod can be detachably connected between any opposite cross columns; the columns of the M-shaped rack and the W-shaped rack form an angle of 60 to 120 degrees with the ground.

3. The shelf according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upright posts of the M-shaped rack form an angle of 100 to 120 degrees with the ground, and the upright posts of the W-shaped rack form an angle of 60 to 80 degrees with the ground.

4. The shelf according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upright posts, the cross posts and the pedal rods are all fixed by cross fasteners.

5. A use of a scaffold for preparing a device for picking flat-headed bayberry trees, characterized in that: The shelf is an H-shaped shelf.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The flat-headed bayberry tree refers to a tree in which the main branches are retained to have 4 to 5 branches, and the main branches at the top of the crown are of the same height.

7. Use of a scaffold for preparing a device for picking round-headed bayberry trees, characterized in that: The shelf is an M-shaped shelf.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The round-headed bayberry tree refers to a tree in which the main branches retain at least 5 branches, and the main branches at the top of the crown are high in the middle and low around them.

9. Use of a scaffold for preparing a WV-shaped device for picking bayberry trees, characterized in that: The shelf is a W-shaped shelf.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The WV-shaped bayberry tree refers to a tree that retains 2 or more main branches, with the main branches forming a V shape and the top of the crown being hollow.

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