Fire extinguishing system and method for electrochemical energy storage power station

Abstract

The invention provides a fire extinguishing system for an electrochemical energy storage power station, which comprises a sensing device for sensing whether a fire occurs in a battery energy storage cabin or not; the water mist spray head groups are arranged in the battery energy storage cabins and are used for spraying high-pressure water mist when a fire disaster occurs; the plurality of partition control valves are used for controlling the opening and closing of the fine water mist nozzle group in the battery energy storage cabin; the plurality of partition control valves are connected with the pressure pump through a water conveying pipeline; and the fire extinguishing control device is used for controlling the pressurizing pump and at least part of the partition control valves to work after the induction device induces that the fire disaster occurs, starting the corresponding water mist spray head groups to work at preset water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and spraying high-pressure water mist into the battery energy storage cabin for preset time so as to realize fire extinguishing operation. The invention further discloses a corresponding method. According to the invention, when the electrochemical energy storage power station adopting the lithium iron phosphate battery is on fire, rapid, safe and effective fire extinguishing operation can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire protection of electrochemical energy storage power stations, and mainly to a fire extinguishing system and method for electrochemical energy storage power stations. Background Art

[0002] Electrochemical energy storage power stations using lithium iron phosphate batteries have certain fire safety risks. Research has found that by analyzing the combustion process of lithium iron phosphate batteries, they can enter a thermal runaway state at 140°C and are prone to re-ignition after the open flame is extinguished.

[0003] In lithium iron phosphate battery fires, the available fire extinguishing media include gas and solid. In terms of gaseous fire extinguishing media, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, and perfluorohexanone can be used to suppress and extinguish lithium battery fires; in terms of solid fire extinguishing media, dry powder fire extinguishers have a certain effect; liquid fire extinguishing media include water and foam fire extinguishers. However, the above fire extinguishing methods have the following problems:

[0004] Hexafluoropropane is difficult to extinguish an open flame in a short period of time;

[0005] Heptafluoropropane has poor cooling effect and has the risk of re-ignition;

[0006] Dry powder fire extinguishers cannot prevent the chemical reaction in the battery, which may reignite;

[0007] The overall fire extinguishing effect of foam fire extinguishers is poor;

[0008] Perfluorohexanone, compared to water, is more expensive and less effective in suppressing thermal runaway.

[0009] Therefore, in the prior art, the fire extinguishing measures for electrochemical energy storage power stations have more or less deficiencies and pose potential safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing system and method for an electrochemical energy storage power station, which can perform fast, safe and effective fire extinguishing operations when a fire occurs in an electrochemical energy storage power station using lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, as a first aspect of the present invention, a fire extinguishing system for an electrochemical energy storage power station is provided, which at least comprises:

[0012] A sensing device is installed in each battery storage compartment of the energy storage power station to sense whether a fire has occurred;

[0013] Multiple water mist nozzle groups are respectively arranged in each battery energy storage compartment to spray high-pressure water mist in case of fire;

[0014] Multiple zone control valves are respectively arranged outside each battery energy storage compartment to control the opening and closing of the fine water mist nozzle group in the battery energy storage compartment;

[0015] The multiple zone control valves are connected to the pressure pump via a water delivery pipeline;

[0016] The fire extinguishing control device is used to control the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valve to work after the sensing device senses the occurrence of fire, start the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and spray high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of battery pack modules are arranged in the battery energy storage compartment, and in the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group, a nozzle is arranged for each battery pack module.

[0018] Preferably, in each water mist nozzle group, each nozzle is arranged on an arc line of a fan-shaped structure to form a wider coverage area.

[0019] Preferably, the total water supply pressure of the system is determined by the following calculation formula (1):

[0020] Pt=∑Pf+Pe+Ps (1)

[0021] Where: P t is the system water supply pressure; P f is the head loss of the pipeline; P e P is the elevation difference between the nozzle at the most unfavorable point and the lowest water level of the water storage device; s is the working pressure of the nozzle at the most unfavorable point;

[0022] The design flow rate Q is determined by the following formula (2): s :

[0023]

[0024] Where: Q s is the design flow rate of the system; q i is the design flow rate of the i-th nozzle; n is the number of nozzles;

[0025] The design flow rate of each nozzle is determined by the following formula (3):

[0026]

[0027] In the formula: q is the design flow rate of the nozzle; K is the flow coefficient of the nozzle; P is the design working pressure of the nozzle.

[0028] Preferably, the water outlet pressure of the fine water mist nozzle when in operation is 6 MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3 L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

[0029] Preferably, it further comprises:

[0030] The manual fire extinguishing starting device is used to realize one of remote manual operation, on-site manual operation and emergency operation to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valve.

[0031] Preferably, the sensing device uses at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a combustible gas detector to detect whether a fire occurs.

[0032] As another aspect of the present invention, a fire extinguishing method for an energy storage power station is also provided, which is implemented by the aforementioned system and comprises the following steps:

[0033] The induction devices installed in each battery storage compartment of the energy storage power station can sense in real time whether a fire has occurred;

[0034] After sensing a fire, determine the location of the fire;

[0035] The booster pump and at least part of the zone control valves are automatically controlled by the fire extinguishing control device, and the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group is started to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow rate, spraying high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

[0036] Preferably, it further comprises:

[0037] Utilize the manual fire extinguishing starting device to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valves by remote manual operation, on-site manual operation or emergency operation.

[0038] Preferably, the water outlet pressure of the fine water mist nozzle when in operation is 6 MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3 L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

[0039] The implementation of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention provides a fire extinguishing system and method for an electrochemical energy storage power station. Through the sensing device arranged in each battery energy storage compartment of the energy storage power station, whether a fire occurs is sensed in real time; after sensing the occurrence of a fire, the location of the fire is determined; the booster pump and at least part of the partition control valve are automatically controlled by the fire extinguishing control device to work, and the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group is started to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and high-pressure fine water mist is sprayed into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve a fire extinguishing operation. In the present invention, when a fire occurs, a fine water mist nozzle can be used to continuously spray high-pressure fine water mist, and by arranging the nozzle in a fan shape, a larger spraying coverage area can be achieved, thereby achieving a fast, safe and effective fire extinguishing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, without paying creative labor, other drawings obtained based on these drawings still belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing system for an electrochemical energy storage power station provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main process of an implementation of a fire extinguishing method for an electrochemical energy storage power station provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing system for an electrochemical energy storage power station provided by the present invention; in this embodiment, the fire extinguishing system at least includes:

[0046] The sensing device 1 is arranged in each battery storage compartment of the energy storage power station, and is used to sense whether a fire has occurred; wherein, the sensing device 1 uses at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a combustible gas detector to detect whether a fire has occurred. The temperature sensor is used to detect whether there is high temperature, and the smoke sensor is used to detect whether there is heavy fog; and the combustible gas detector can detect whether gas products such as CO and CH4 appear, thereby improving the on-site perception capability;

[0047] A plurality of water mist nozzle groups 2 are respectively arranged in each battery energy storage compartment, and are used to spray high-pressure water mist in the event of a fire; it is understandable that a plurality of battery pack modules are arranged in each battery energy storage compartment, and a nozzle is arranged for each battery pack module in the corresponding water mist nozzle group. Preferably, in each water mist nozzle group, each nozzle is arranged on the arc line of the fan-shaped structure (larger envelope) to form a wider coverage area to achieve a better fire extinguishing effect. In an actual example, the battery needs to be directly covered when spraying water, so a certain space of about 0.05m is reserved in the module to facilitate the entry of the nozzle.

[0048] A plurality of zone control valves 3 are respectively arranged outside each battery energy storage compartment, and are used to control the opening and closing of the fine water mist nozzle group in the battery energy storage compartment;

[0049] The multiple zone control valves 3 are connected to the pressure pump 5 through the water delivery pipeline 4;

[0050] The fire extinguishing control device 6 is used to control the booster pump 5 and at least part of the partition control valve 3 to work after the sensing device 1 senses the occurrence of fire, start the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group 2 to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and spray high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

[0051] In a specific example, in an electrochemical energy storage power station, each battery storage compartment is used as a fire extinguishing zone, forming a total of 22 zones, which are independently controlled by the zone control valves installed outside the cabin, and the 22 fire extinguishing zones share a set of pumps. The number of battery modules in this project is 210, and to ensure the fire extinguishing effect, each battery module must be equipped with a sprinkler.

[0052] Assume that a prefabricated energy storage battery compartment is designed with 210 lithium iron phosphate battery modules, each module contains dozens of battery cells. The spacing between the battery modules is very small, and the batteries are densely stacked together. This causes certain interference to the fire extinguishing medium from reaching the hot and fire-caused parts. Therefore, the present invention adopts a high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing device to solve this problem.

[0053] In the present invention, key indicators such as the outlet pressure of the nozzle, the design flow rate, the design water supply pressure and the design flow rate of the system need to be determined first.

[0054] In a specific example, the total water supply pressure of the system can be determined by the following calculation formula (1):

[0055] Pt=∑Pf+Pe+Ps (1)

[0056] Where: P t is the system water supply pressure; P f is the head loss of the pipeline; P eP is the elevation difference between the nozzle at the most unfavorable point and the lowest water level of the water storage device; s is the working pressure of the nozzle at the most unfavorable point;

[0057] The design flow rate Q is determined by the following formula (2): s :

[0058]

[0059] Where: Q s is the design flow rate of the system; q i is the design flow rate of the i-th nozzle; n is the number of nozzles;

[0060] The design flow rate of each nozzle is determined by the following formula (3):

[0061]

[0062] In the formula: q is the design flow rate of the nozzle; K is the flow coefficient of the nozzle; P is the design working pressure of the nozzle.

[0063] It is understandable that after a lithium iron phosphate battery has thermal runaway or an open flame, the chemical substances inside it will continue to react under the action of high temperature. Even if the open flame on the surface is extinguished, if the temperature inside the battery does not drop, there is still a risk of re-ignition. This has been proven in combustion tests. For example, in the test of a high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing system, when the nozzle design pressure is 6MPa, it only takes 30 seconds to extinguish the open flame on the surface of the battery. On this basis, the temperature continues to drop for 210 seconds. After stopping the spraying for a period of time, the battery re-ignites, indicating that the initial design of 240 seconds of continuous spraying time is not enough to completely achieve the fire extinguishing goal. In the fire extinguishing test, after the continuous spraying time was extended to 15 minutes, the battery did not re-ignite, so the continuous spraying time must be at least 15 minutes. In order to ensure the reliability of the fire extinguishing effect, in the design of the fire protection system of the lithium battery energy storage power station, the continuous spraying time can be greatly increased to 2 hours.

[0064] Therefore, in a specific example of the present invention, the water outlet pressure of the water mist nozzle during operation can be set to 6 MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3 L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

[0065] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present invention, it is further provided with:

[0066] The manual fire extinguishing starting device is used to realize one of remote manual operation, on-site manual operation and emergency operation to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valve.

[0067] It is understandable that in the embodiments of the present invention, after a fire is detected, the fire extinguishing device is activated within the first time. With automatic fire extinguishing as the main control mode, in conjunction with the fire alarm monitoring system, the fire extinguishing operation is automatically performed after the sensor detects high temperature or smoke. In the present invention, three manual control schemes are designed at the same time, namely remote manual operation, on-site manual operation and emergency operation. The fire alarm system is a key factor in triggering the high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing device. In addition to temperature sensors and smoke sensors, combustible gas detectors can also be used to detect whether there is combustible gas, so as to more accurately monitor the occurrence of fire.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, a schematic diagram of the main process of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing method for an energy storage power station provided by the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the method adopts Figure 1 The system described is implemented, and the method comprises at least the following steps:

[0069] Step S10, sensing in real time whether a fire occurs by using a sensing device installed in each battery energy storage compartment of the energy storage power station;

[0070] Step S11, after sensing the occurrence of a fire, determining the location of the fire;

[0071] Step S12, automatically controlling the booster pump and at least part of the partition control valves through the fire extinguishing control device, starting the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, spraying high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

[0072] In the present invention, the manual fire extinguishing starting device can also be used to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valves by remote manual operation, on-site manual operation or emergency operation.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water outlet pressure of the fine water mist nozzle when in operation is 6 MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3 L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

[0074] For more details, please refer to and combine the above Figure 1 The description is not repeated here.

[0075] The implementation of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0076] The present invention provides a fire extinguishing system and method for an electrochemical energy storage power station. Through the sensing device arranged in each battery energy storage compartment of the energy storage power station, whether a fire occurs is sensed in real time; after sensing the occurrence of a fire, the location of the fire is determined; the booster pump and at least part of the partition control valve are automatically controlled by the fire extinguishing control device to work, and the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group is started to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and high-pressure fine water mist is sprayed into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve a fire extinguishing operation. In the present invention, when a fire occurs, a fine water mist nozzle can be used to continuously spray high-pressure fine water mist, and by arranging the nozzle in a fan shape, a larger spraying coverage area can be achieved, thereby achieving a fast, safe and effective fire extinguishing effect.

[0077] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, devices, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0078] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0079] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing system for an electrochemical energy storage power station, characterized in that: At least: A sensing device is installed in each battery storage compartment of the energy storage power station to sense whether a fire has occurred; Multiple water mist nozzle groups are respectively arranged in each battery energy storage compartment to spray high-pressure water mist in case of fire; Multiple zone control valves are respectively arranged outside each battery energy storage compartment to control the opening and closing of the fine water mist nozzle group in the battery energy storage compartment; The multiple zone control valves are connected to the pressure pump via a water delivery pipeline; The fire extinguishing control device is used to control the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valve to work after the sensing device senses the occurrence of fire, start the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow, and spray high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of battery pack modules are arranged in the battery energy storage compartment, and in the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group, a nozzle is arranged for each battery pack module.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that In each water mist nozzle group, each nozzle is arranged on the arc line of the fan-shaped structure to form a wider coverage area.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that Determine the total water supply pressure of the system using the following calculation formula (1): Pt=∑Pf+Pe+Ps (1) Where: P t is the system water supply pressure; P f is the head loss of the pipeline; P e P is the elevation difference between the nozzle at the most unfavorable point and the lowest water level of the water storage device; s is the working pressure of the nozzle at the most unfavorable point; The design flow rate Q is determined by the following formula (2): s : Where: Q s is the design flow rate of the system; q i is the design flow rate of the i-th nozzle; n is the number of nozzles; The design flow rate of each nozzle is determined by the following formula (3): In the formula: q is the design flow rate of the nozzle; K is the flow coefficient of the nozzle; P is the design working pressure of the nozzle.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The water outlet pressure of the fine water mist nozzle when in operation is 6MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that Further including: The manual fire extinguishing starting device is used to realize one of remote manual operation, on-site manual operation and emergency operation to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valve.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The sensing device uses at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a combustible gas detector to detect whether a fire occurs.

8. A fire extinguishing method for an energy storage power station, implemented by using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: The induction devices installed in each battery storage compartment of the energy storage power station can sense in real time whether a fire has occurred; After sensing a fire, determine the location of the fire; The booster pump and at least part of the zone control valves are automatically controlled by the fire extinguishing control device, and the corresponding fine water mist nozzle group is started to work at a predetermined water outlet pressure and water outlet flow rate, spraying high-pressure fine water mist into the battery energy storage compartment for a predetermined time to achieve fire extinguishing operation.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Further including: Utilize the manual fire extinguishing starting device to start the booster pump and at least part of the zone control valves by remote manual operation, on-site manual operation or emergency operation.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The water outlet pressure of the fine water mist nozzle when in operation is 6MPa, and the water outlet flow rate of the nozzle is 3L per minute; the duration is between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

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