A punching device for metal castings

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and in particular relates to a punching device for metal castings. The following scheme is now proposed. Specifically, it includes a frame. A support table plate is arranged in the middle of the frame, and a punching table is installed at the top of the frame. A gantry is fixedly installed on the top of the punching table, and a punching oil cylinder is installed on the top of the gantry. Installation frames are installed on both sides inside the frame, and a conveying chain is installed on the side of the installation frame through a motor and a sprocket. A plurality of casting trays are installed between the two conveying chains. In the present invention, the punching oil cylinder moves downward to drive the upper die mechanism to move, and punch and process the metal casting. After that, the lower die positioning mechanism resets, the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism are separated, and the casting tray drives the metal casting to move for the next punching operation, realizing the continuous punching operation of the metal casting without repeatedly adjusting the fixing fixture of the metal casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a punching device for metal castings. Background Art

[0002] Casting is one of the basic processes in modern mechanical manufacturing industry. It is a process of melting metal into a liquid meeting certain requirements, pouring it into a mold, and obtaining a casting with a predetermined shape, size, and performance after cooling and solidification, finishing treatment. The smelted liquid metal is injected into a pre-prepared mold by pouring, injection, suction, or other casting methods. After cooling, through subsequent processing means such as grinding, a metal casting with a certain shape, size, and performance can be obtained. Casting blanks are nearly formed, achieving the purpose of avoiding or minimizing machining, reducing costs, and saving time to a certain extent.

[0003] Metal castings are widely used and have been applied to the hardware and the entire mechanical and electronic industries, etc. When processing metal castings, punching treatment on the surface of the castings is often encountered. Convex and concave dies made of tool steel are used to punch the metal castings. When punching the surface of the metal casting, a mold is needed to fix the casting. Each time the casting is replaced, the fixture needs to be unloaded and adjusted, affecting the processing efficiency of the metal casting.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a punching device for metal castings to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a punching device for metal castings.

[0006] A punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention includes a frame. A support table plate is arranged in the middle of the frame, and a punching table is installed on the top of the frame. A gantry is fixedly installed on the top of the punching table, and a punching oil cylinder is installed on the top of the gantry. Installation frames are installed on both sides inside the frame, and a conveying chain is installed on the side of the installation frame through a motor and a sprocket. A plurality of casting trays are installed between the two conveying chains. An upper die mechanism is slidably installed on the top of the punching table. A lower die mechanism adapted to the upper die mechanism is installed at the bottom of the punching table, and a holding groove adapted to the casting tray is arranged between the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism. A lower die positioning mechanism capable of pushing the lower die mechanism upward is installed on the top of the support table plate. Transmission mechanisms for driving the upper die mechanism to move downward are installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism. A slag discharge pipe is installed on the side of the support table plate. A casting feeding mechanism is installed on the side surface of the top of the punching table. A feeding groove adapted to the casting feeding mechanism, a rectangular groove slidably connected to the upper die mechanism, and a guiding groove slidably connected to the transmission mechanism are sequentially arranged on the surface of the punching table.

[0007] Preferably, in the present invention, the upper die mechanism includes an upper die base, and a guiding sliding cavity is provided at the top of the upper die base. A moving block is slidably installed inside the guiding sliding cavity, and a punching die is provided at the bottom of the moving block. A reset spring is installed between the bottom of the moving block and the bottom wall of the guiding sliding cavity.

[0008] Preferably, in the present invention, the lower die mechanism includes a lower die base, and a tray positioning groove is installed at the top of the lower die base. A slag discharge groove is provided in the middle of the lower die base, and a slag discharge component is fixedly installed inside the slag discharge groove.

[0009] Preferably, in the present invention, the slag discharge component includes a slag discharge housing, and a motor and a slag discharge conveyor belt driven by a roller are installed inside the slag discharge housing.

[0010] Preferably, in the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a lifting frame slidably connected to the punching table. Two arc-shaped pull rods are hinged at the top of the lifting frame. The side of the lifting frame is fixedly connected to the lower die mechanism, and a lower pushing spring is installed between the lifting frame and the punching table. The transmission mechanism further includes a support rod installed above the punching table, and the two arc-shaped pull rods are rotatably connected to the support rod. The transmission mechanism further includes an upper pushing spring installed between the punching table and the upper die mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, in the present invention, a pressure-bearing block with a conical cavity structure at the top is installed at the top of the upper die mechanism, and a punch adapted to the conical cavity of the pressure-bearing block is installed at the bottom of the punching oil cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, in the present invention, the lower die positioning mechanism includes a main positioning block and a sub-positioning block slidably connected to the support table board, and an electric push rod for pushing the sub-positioning block to move horizontally. Inclined sliding surfaces are provided at the tops of the main positioning block and the sub-positioning block, and a linkage component is provided between the two ends of the main positioning block and the sub-positioning block. The lower die positioning mechanism further includes a T-shaped support plate slidably installed between the main positioning block and the sub-positioning block.

[0013] Preferably, in the present invention, the linkage component includes a driven rack installed on the main positioning block and a driving rack installed on the sub-positioning block. A transmission gear is provided between the driven rack and the driving rack, and the transmission gear is rotatably installed on the support table board.

[0014] Preferably, in the present invention, the casting feeding mechanism includes a guiding sliding plate, and two motor-driven transmission rollers are installed at the end of the guiding sliding plate. A feeding belt is sleeved between the two transmission rollers, and a pushing plate is provided on the outer side of the feeding belt.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a punching device for metal castings, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the present invention, there are multiple casting trays installed on the conveying chain. The casting trays, the lower die mechanism, and the upper die mechanism constitute a punching die for castings. Metal castings are sequentially placed on the casting trays. When the metal castings move with the casting trays to the position between the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism, the lower die positioning mechanism drives the lower die mechanism to move upward. Transmission mechanisms for driving the upper die mechanism to move downward are installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism. At this time, the upper die mechanism moves downward synchronously. A holding groove adapted to the casting tray is provided between the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism. Thus, the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism clamp and fix the casting tray and the metal castings inside it. The punching cylinder moves downward to drive the upper die mechanism to perform punching on the metal castings. After that, the lower die positioning mechanism resets, the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism disengage, and the casting tray drives the metal castings to move for the next punching operation, realizing continuous punching operations on metal castings. There is no need to adjust the fixing fixture of the metal castings multiple times, and the punching process is confined between the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism, avoiding the scattering of debris and improving the safety of the punching operation on metal castings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. is a partial side view structural diagram of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. is a sectional structural diagram of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. is a structural diagram of the punching table of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 FIG. is a structural diagram of the casting feeding mechanism of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 FIG. is a structural diagram of the upper die mechanism of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 FIG. is a distribution structural diagram of the lower die positioning mechanism of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 FIG. is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism of a punching device for metal castings proposed by the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 frame, 2 punching table, 21 rectangular groove, 22 guiding groove, 23 feeding groove, 3 casting feeding mechanism, 31 guiding slide plate, 32 pushing plate, 33 feeding belt, 4 gantry, 5 punching oil cylinder, 6 punch, 7 upper die mechanism, 71 upper die base, 72 return spring, 73 moving block, 74 punching die, 75 guiding sliding cavity, 8 slag discharge pipe, 9 casting tray, 10 conveying chain, 11 mounting frame, 12 transmission mechanism, 121 upper pushing spring, 122 lower pushing spring, 123 lifting frame, 124 support rod, 125 arc-shaped pull rod, 13 lower die positioning mechanism, 131 main positioning block, 132 T-shaped support plate, 133 sub-positioning block, 134 electric push rod, 135 transmission rack, 136 transmission gear, 137 driven rack, 14 support platen, 15 lower die mechanism, 151 slag discharge groove, 152 tray positioning groove, 153 lower die base, 154 slag discharge assembly. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0027] Referring to Figure 1-8 , a punching device for metal castings, comprising a frame 1. A support platen 14 is arranged in the middle of the frame 1, and a punching table 2 is installed on the top of the frame 1. A gantry 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the punching table 2, and a punching oil cylinder 5 is installed on the top of the gantry 4. Installation frames 11 are installed on both sides inside the frame 1, and a conveying chain 10 is installed on the side surface of the installation frame 11 through a motor and a sprocket. A plurality of casting trays 9 are installed between the two conveying chains 10. An upper die mechanism 7 is slidably installed on the top of the punching table 2. A lower die mechanism 15 adapted to the upper die mechanism 7 is installed at the bottom of the punching table 2, and a holding groove adapted to the casting tray 9 is arranged between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7. A lower die positioning mechanism 13 capable of pushing the lower die mechanism 15 upward is installed on the top of the support platen 14. Transmission mechanisms 12 for driving the upper die mechanism 7 to move downward are installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism 15. A slag discharge pipe 8 is installed on the side surface of the support platen 14. A casting feeding mechanism 3 is installed on the top side surface of the punching table 2. A feeding groove 23 adapted to the casting feeding mechanism 3, a rectangular groove 21 slidably connected to the upper die mechanism 7, and a guiding groove 22 slidably connected to the transmission mechanism 12 are sequentially arranged on the surface of the punching table 2.

[0028] In the present invention, there are multiple casting trays 9 installed on the conveying chain 10. The casting tray 9, the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 constitute a punching die for castings. Metal castings are sequentially placed on the casting tray 9. When the metal casting moves with the casting tray 9 to the position between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7, the lower die positioning mechanism 13 drives the lower die mechanism 15 to move upward. A transmission mechanism 12 for driving the upper die mechanism 7 to move downward is installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism 15. At this time, the upper die mechanism 7 moves downward synchronously. A holding groove adapted to the casting tray 9 is provided between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7. Thus, the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 clamp and fix the casting tray 9 and the metal casting inside it. The punching oil cylinder 5 moves downward to drive the upper die mechanism 7 to perform punching on the metal casting. After that, the lower die positioning mechanism 13 resets, the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 are separated, and the casting tray 9 drives the metal casting to move for the next punching operation, realizing continuous punching operation of metal castings, without the need to adjust the fixing fixture of the metal casting multiple times, and confining the punching process between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 to avoid debris scattering and improve the safety of the punching operation of metal castings.

[0029] As a further scheme in the present invention, the upper die mechanism 7 includes an upper die base 71, and a guiding sliding cavity 75 is provided at the top of the upper die base 71. A moving block 73 is slidably installed inside the guiding sliding cavity 75, and a punching die 74 is provided at the bottom of the moving block 73. A reset spring 72 is installed between the bottom of the moving block 73 and the bottom wall of the guiding sliding cavity 75. In the present invention, the punching die 74 is arranged inside the guiding sliding cavity 75. The punching oil cylinder 5 drives the moving block 73 to move downward, thereby driving the punching die 74 to quickly approach the fixed metal casting. After the punching operation is completed, the punching die 74 and the moving block 73 reset under the action of the reset spring 72. The punching area is set between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 to improve the safety of the punching operation of metal castings.

[0030] As a further scheme in the present invention, the lower die mechanism 15 includes a lower die base 153, and a tray positioning groove 152 is installed at the top of the lower die base 153. A slag discharge groove 151 is provided in the middle of the lower die base 153, and a slag discharge assembly 154 is fixedly installed inside the slag discharge groove 151. In the present invention, when the lower die mechanism 15 moves upward, the casting tray 9 carrying the metal casting is inserted into the tray positioning groove 152 to complete the positioning and clamping and fixing of the metal casting, and the lower die base 153 effectively supports the punching area. The debris generated by punching is pushed into the slag discharge groove 151 and transferred to the slag discharge pipe 8 by the slag discharge assembly 154 to avoid debris residue.

[0031] As a further solution in the present invention, the slag discharging assembly 154 includes a slag discharging housing, and a motor and a slag discharging conveyor belt driven by a roller are installed inside the slag discharging housing. In the present invention, during the punching operation of the metal casting, the slag discharging assembly 154 located inside the slag discharging groove 151 moves, the slag discharging conveyor belt rotates rapidly, and the debris falling off during punching encounters the moving slag discharging conveyor belt and is quickly thrown out, falling into the slag discharging pipe 8 and being discharged, effectively preventing the debris from staying in the lower die mechanism 15.

[0032] As a further solution in the present invention, the transmission mechanism 12 includes a lifting frame 123 slidably connected to the punching table 2. Two arc-shaped pull rods 125 are hinged to the top of the lifting frame 123. The side of the lifting frame 123 is fixedly connected to the lower die mechanism 15, and a lower push spring 122 is installed between the lifting frame 123 and the punching table 2. The transmission mechanism 12 further includes a support rod 124 installed above the punching table 2, and the two arc-shaped pull rods 125 are rotatably connected to the support rod 124. The transmission mechanism 12 further includes an upper push spring 121 installed between the punching table 2 and the upper die mechanism 7. In the present invention, the lower push spring 122 and the upper push spring 121 provide buffer protection and reset thrust for the transmission mechanism 12. When the lower die mechanism 15 moves upward, through the action of the lifting frame 123 and the support rod 124, the bottom end of the arc-shaped pull rod 125 is driven to move downward, thereby pushing the upper die mechanism 7 to move downward synchronously, so that the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 are closed to complete the positioning and fixing of the metal casting.

[0033] As a further solution in the present invention, a pressure-bearing block with a conical cavity structure at the top is installed on the top of the upper die mechanism 7, and a punch 6 adapted to the conical cavity of the pressure-bearing block is installed at the bottom of the punching oil cylinder 5. In the present invention, when the punching oil cylinder 5 descends, through the cooperation between the punch 6 and the pressure-bearing block, the force application direction of the upper die mechanism 7 is kept consistent with the axis of the punching die 74, increasing the stability of the punching process of the metal casting.

[0034] As a further solution in the present invention, the lower die positioning mechanism 13 includes a main positioning block 131 and a sub-positioning block 133 slidably connected to the support table plate 14, and an electric push rod 134 for pushing the sub-positioning block 133 to move horizontally. Inclined sliding surfaces are provided at the tops of the main positioning block 131 and the sub-positioning block 133, and a linkage assembly is provided between the two ends of the main positioning block 131 and the sub-positioning block 133. The lower die positioning mechanism 13 further includes a T-shaped support plate 132 slidably installed between the main positioning block 131 and the sub-positioning block 133. In the present invention, when the main positioning block 131 and the sub-positioning block 133 move closer to each other, the lower die mechanism 15 is pushed upward through the inclined sliding surfaces above. At the same time, the T-shaped support plate 132 between the main positioning block 131 and the sub-positioning block 133 is squeezed to move upward, completing the effective support and positioning of the bottom of the lower die mechanism 15 and increasing the stability of the punching process of the metal casting.

[0035] As a further solution in the present invention, the linkage assembly includes a driven rack 137 mounted on the main positioning block 131 and a driving rack 135 mounted on the auxiliary positioning block 133. A transmission gear 136 is disposed between the driven rack 137 and the driving rack 135. The transmission gear 136 is rotatably mounted on the support platen 14. In the present invention, between the main positioning block 131 and the auxiliary positioning block 133, through the driving rack 135, the driven rack 137, and the transmission gear 136, the synchronous approaching and synchronous separating movements between the two are realized, and at the same time, the lifting and shrinking movements of the bottom of the lower die mechanism 15 are completed.

[0036] As a further solution in the present invention, the casting feeding mechanism 3 includes a material guiding slide plate 31. Two motor-driven transmission rollers are installed at the end of the material guiding slide plate 31. A feeding belt 33 is sleeved between the two transmission rollers. A pushing plate 32 is disposed on the outer side of the feeding belt 33. In the present invention, metal castings are sequentially placed on the material guiding slide plate 31. Each time the casting tray 9 moves below the feeding groove 23, the feeding belt 33 drives the pushing plate 32 to move. The pushing plate 32 pushes the lowermost metal casting into the feeding groove 23, and then falls into the casting tray 9 to complete the feeding operation of the metal casting. The step-by-step feeding method avoids manual feeding and improves the punching safety of the metal casting.

[0037] During use, the metal castings are sequentially placed on the casting tray 9. When the metal castings move with the casting tray 9 to the position between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7, the lower die positioning mechanism 13 drives the lower die mechanism 15 to move upward. Transmission mechanisms 12 for driving the upper die mechanism 7 to move downward are installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism 15. At this time, the upper die mechanism 7 moves downward synchronously. A holding groove adapted to the casting tray 9 is provided between the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7. Thus, the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 clamp and fix the casting tray 9 and the metal castings therein. The punching oil cylinder 5 moves downward to drive the upper die mechanism 7 to perform punching processing on the metal castings. After that, the lower die positioning mechanism 13 resets, the lower die mechanism 15 and the upper die mechanism 7 are separated, and the casting tray 9 drives the metal castings to move for the next punching operation, realizing continuous punching operation of the metal castings without repeatedly adjusting the fixing fixture of the metal castings.

[0038] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A punching device for metal castings, comprising a frame (1), a support plate (14) being arranged in the middle of the frame (1), a punching table (2) being installed on the top of the frame (1), a portal frame (4) being fixedly installed on the top of the punching table (2), and a punching cylinder (5) being installed on the top of the portal frame (4), characterized in that: Mounting frames (11) are installed on both sides of the frame (1), and conveyor chains (10) are installed on the sides of the mounting frames (11) via motors and sprockets. A plurality of casting trays (9) are installed between the two conveyor chains (10). An upper die mechanism (7) is slidably installed on the top of the punching table (2). A lower die mechanism (15) adapted to the upper die mechanism (7) is installed at the bottom of the punching table (2). A retaining groove adapted to the casting tray (9) is provided between the lower die mechanism (15) and the upper die mechanism (7). A pushable A lower die positioning mechanism (13) for the lower die mechanism (15) to move upward, a transmission mechanism (12) for driving the upper die mechanism (7) to move downward is installed at both ends of the lower die mechanism (15), a slag discharge pipe (8) is installed on the side of the support table (14), a casting feed mechanism (3) is installed on the top side of the punching table (2), and a feed groove (23) adapted to the casting feed mechanism (3), a rectangular groove (21) slidably connected to the upper die mechanism (7), and a guide groove (22) slidably connected to the transmission mechanism (12) are sequentially arranged on the surface of the punching table (2); The upper die mechanism (7) comprises an upper die seat (71), and a guide slide cavity (75) is arranged at the top of the upper die seat (71), a moving block (73) is slidably mounted inside the guide slide cavity (75), and a punching die (74) is arranged at the bottom of the moving block (73), and a return spring (72) is installed between the bottom of the moving block (73) and the bottom wall of the guide slide cavity (75), and the lower die mechanism (15) comprises a lower die seat (153), and a tray positioning groove (152) is installed at the top of the lower die seat (153), a slag discharge groove (151) is arranged in the middle of the lower die seat (153), and a slag discharge assembly (154) is fixedly installed inside the slag discharge groove (151). ), the transmission mechanism (12) comprises a lifting frame (123) slidably connected to the punching table (2), two arc-shaped pull rods (125) are hinged on the top of the lifting frame (123), the side of the lifting frame (123) is fixedly connected to the lower mold mechanism (15), and a push-down spring (122) is installed between the lifting frame (123) and the punching table (2), the transmission mechanism (12) also comprises a support rod (124) installed above the punching table (2), and the two arc-shaped pull rods (125) are rotatably connected to the support rod (124), and the transmission mechanism (12) also comprises an upward push spring (121) installed between the punching table (2) and the upper mold mechanism (7).

2. A punching device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag discharge assembly (154) comprises a slag discharge shell, and a slag discharge conveyor belt driven by a motor and a roller is installed inside the slag discharge shell.

3. A punching device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure-bearing block having a conical cavity structure at the top is installed on the top of the upper die mechanism (7), and a punch (6) matching the conical cavity of the pressure-bearing block is installed on the bottom of the punching cylinder (5).

4. A punching device for metal castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower die positioning mechanism (13) comprises a main positioning block (131) and a secondary positioning block (133) which are slidably connected to a support plate (14), and an electric push rod (134) which pushes the secondary positioning block (133) to move laterally. The tops of the main positioning block (131) and the secondary positioning block (133) are both provided with inclined sliding surfaces, and linkage components are provided between the two ends of the main positioning block (131) and the secondary positioning block (133). The lower die positioning mechanism (13) further comprises a T-shaped support plate (132) which is slidably mounted between the main positioning block (131) and the secondary positioning block (133).

5. A punching device for metal castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage assembly comprises a driven rack (137) mounted on the main positioning block (131) and a transmission rack (135) mounted on the auxiliary positioning block (133); a transmission gear (136) is provided between the driven rack (137) and the transmission rack (135); and the transmission gear (136) is rotatably mounted on the support plate (14).

6. A punching device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting feeding mechanism (3) comprises a material guide slide (31), and two motor-driven transmission rollers are installed at the end of the material guide slide (31), a material feed belt (33) is sleeved between the two transmission rollers, and a push plate (32) is arranged on the outside of the material feed belt (33).

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