Solid bullet for high-altitude throwing and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid warhead for high-altitude throwing and a preparation method thereof, the warhead comprises a warhead body made of solid fertilizer and an empennage, and the tail end of the warhead body is connected with the empennage through a traction rope. The empennage is made of sheets, tails which are mutually forked are arranged at the upper end of the empennage, an included angle alpha formed between the tails is 20-60 degrees, a conical part is arranged at the front end of the warhead, and the warhead is prepared according to the specific weight percentage and comprises phosphate fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, urea, potash fertilizer and clay. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, forming, drying, assembling and the like. According to the design, the solid bullet can keep vertically falling down and drill into soil during high-altitude throwing, so that the throwing precision and stability are improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased, environmental pollution caused by fertilizer loss is prevented, and the device is particularly suitable for efficient fertilization of large-area mountain forests.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, and in particular to a solid warhead suitable for high-altitude delivery and a preparation method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] Traditional fertilization methods rely primarily on ground-based mechanical or manual fertilization, which are labor-intensive, inefficient, and unevenly distributed. These methods are also limited by factors such as terrain, soil, and weather. With the development of aviation technology, high-altitude fertilization using aircraft has become an emerging fertilization method, capable of covering large areas of forest and improving fertilization efficiency.

[0003] Patent application number US16905577 discloses an agricultural aircraft for spreading granular fertilizer and a method for spreading granular fertilizer. The agricultural aircraft comprises a fuselage, a power system, and a spreading device. The spreading device is located at the front of the fuselage and is also equipped with a wind direction sensor and a wind speed sensor that are communicatively connected to a controller. The spreading device comprises a housing, a throwing disc, and a tray connected to the housing. The tray is equipped with left and right baffles with controllable opening angles. The upper portion of the housing contains a material box for storing granular fertilizer, and one side of the housing is provided with a cavity to accommodate the tray and the throwing disc. However, existing high-altitude fertilization technology mainly targets liquid fertilizers and suffers from problems such as low fertilizer utilization, easy drift, and environmental pollution. While solid fertilizers have advantages such as high nutrient content, slow release, and long-lasting effects, they are easily affected by wind when dropped from high altitudes, making it difficult to accurately reach the target area. Furthermore, they are unstable during their descent, which affects fertilization effectiveness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology that can stably and accurately drop solid fertilizers at high altitudes. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid warhead for high-altitude delivery and a preparation method thereof, which can remain stable and fall vertically when delivered from a high altitude, penetrate into the soil, improve the delivery accuracy and fertilization effect, and prevent fertilizer loss and environmental pollution (especially fertilizer that cannot penetrate into the soil on rainy days is prone to loss).

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a solid warhead, comprising a warhead and a tail fin made of solid fertilizer. The tail end of the warhead is connected to the tail fin by a traction rope. The tail fin generates an upward pulling force during the falling process to keep the warhead falling vertically. The tail fin is made of sheet material, and its upper end is provided with a forked tail. The angle α formed between the tails is 20-60°, preferably 45°. The front end of the warhead has a tapered portion to reduce air resistance and improve falling stability.

[0006] The present invention also provides a specific formula for the warhead, which comprises, by weight percentage: phosphate fertilizer: calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2, containing 20% ​​of the active ingredient P2O5), 20%-26%; silicon fertilizer: sodium silicate (Na2SiO3·9H2O, containing 50% of the active ingredient SiO2), 2%-4%, used to enhance the shape and hardness of the warhead; urea: CO(NH2)2, containing 46% of nitrogen, 45%-55%; and potash fertilizer: potassium sulfate (K2SO4, containing 50% of the active ingredient K2O), 10%-15%.

[0007] The warhead consists of two parts:

[0008] Part 1: Mix phosphate fertilizer and silicon fertilizer in a ratio of 9:1 and place it on the top of the bullet;

[0009] The second part: a mixture of urea, potash fertilizer and clay in a ratio of 4:1:1, is located at the rear of the bullet.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a solid bullet, which includes the steps of preparing a mixture, mold forming, drying treatment and assembly, to ensure the stability of the bullet structure and the effective supply of nutrients.

[0011] Through the above design, the solid warhead of the present invention can maintain vertical falling when dropped from a high altitude, thereby improving the accuracy of drop and the utilization rate of fertilizer. It is suitable for efficient fertilization of large areas of mountain forests and has good economic and environmental benefits. Description of the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 : The structural representation of the solid bullet of the present invention.

[0013] 1. Warhead 2. Tail 3. Tow rope 4. Tail 5. Cone

[0014] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the mold for the preparation method of the solid warhead.

[0015] 6. Lower mold 7. Mold cavity 8. Top of bullet 9. Rear of bullet

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of high-altitude delivery of the solid warhead of the present invention. Specific implementation method:

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a solid warhead for high-altitude delivery, including a warhead 1 and a tail fin 2. The warhead 1 is made of solid fertilizer, and the tail end is connected to the tail fin 2 by a traction rope 3. The tail fin 2 is made of a lightweight sheet material, and the upper end thereof is provided with a forked tail 4, and the angle α between the tails is 30°. The front end of the warhead 1 has a tapered portion 5 to reduce air resistance and enhance the stability of falling.

[0019] 1. Composition and Preparation of Warhead

[0020] 1. Warhead formula

[0021] The warhead is made according to the following weight percentage ratio:

[0022] - Calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2): 25%

[0023] -Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3·9H2O): 3%

[0024] -Urea (CO(NH2)2): 50%

[0025] - Potassium sulfate (K2SO4): 12%

[0026] - Clay: 10% (for increased adhesion)

[0027] 2. Warhead structure

[0028] The warhead consists of two parts:

[0029] - Part 1 (top): Mix calcium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate in a ratio of 9:1, add appropriate amount of water (20% of the weight of the mixture), stir well to make a mixture with good plasticity.

[0030] - Part 2 (latter): Mix urea, potassium sulfate and clay in a ratio of 4:1:1, add water (50g for every 300g of mixture) and stir well.

[0031] 3. Preparation Process

[0032] The following steps are involved:

[0033] a) mixing powdered phosphate fertilizer (monocalcium phosphate Ca(H2PO4)2, containing 20% ​​of P2O5 as an active ingredient), silicon fertilizer (containing 50% of SiO2 as an active ingredient) and water in a ratio of 9:1:2 to prepare a first mixture;

[0034] b) placing the first portion of the mixture on the top of the mold and forming the top 8 of the bullet by extrusion through a piston;

[0035] c) mixing powdered urea (CO(NH2)2, containing 46% nitrogen), potash fertilizer (potassium sulfate (K2SO2), containing 50% K2O active ingredient) and clay in a ratio of 4:1:1, taking 300g of the mixture and adding 50g of water to prepare a second mixture;

[0036] d) filling the mold with the second part of the mixture and the connecting end of the traction rope, and combining the second part of the mixture and the traction rope with the first part of the mixture by piston extrusion to form the whole warhead 1;

[0037] e) removing the entire warhead from the mold and drying it at 60-70° C. to obtain the warhead 1 with the traction rope 3;

[0038] f) The other end of the traction rope 3 is connected to the tail fin 2 to form a solid warhead 1 for high-altitude delivery.

[0039] The bullet has a diameter of 5-6 cm, a length of 10-12 cm, a density of 1.4-1.6 g / cm³, and weighs 400 g. It contains 200 g of urea, 90 g of phosphate fertilizer, 50 g of potash fertilizer, 10 g of silicon fertilizer, and 50 g of clay. The active ingredients are 92 g of nitrogen, 18 g of phosphorus oxide, 25 g of potassium oxide, and 5 g of silicon oxide, respectively. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus oxide:potassium oxide:silicon oxide is approximately 18:4:5:1.

[0040] Another step of preparing a warhead is provided as follows:

[0041] A) Take 100g of powdered phosphate fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate, the main components of which are Ca3(PO4)2, CaSiO3, and MgSiO3, and which contains 16% of the effective ingredient P2O5) and add 15-20g of water, mix well, and place at the front end of the mold;

[0042] B) After loading, the material is extruded axially from the rear end of the die by a piston to form the top of the bullet;

[0043] C) Powdered urea (CO(NH2)2, containing 46% N) and silicon fertilizer (containing 50% SiO2 active ingredient) were mixed in a ratio of 7:1, 240g of the mixture was added to 30-40g of water, and the mixture was placed in the middle of the mold;

[0044] D) After loading, the piston is used to axially squeeze the material from the tail end of the die to form the middle end of the bullet;

[0045] E) Potash fertilizer (potassium sulfate, containing 50% K2O active ingredient) and silicon fertilizer (containing 50% SiO2 active ingredient) are mixed in a ratio of 5:1, 60g of the mixture is added to 10g of water, and the mixture is then placed at the rear end of the mold;

[0046] F) axially extruding the bullet again from the rear end of the die with a piston to form a complete bullet 1 together with the bullet top and middle formed in steps 1-5;

[0047] G) removing the entire bullet from the mold and drying it at 60-70° C. to obtain the bullet 1 with the traction rope 3;

[0048] H) The other end of the traction rope 3 is connected to the tail 2 to form a solid warhead 1 for high-altitude delivery.

[0049] The bullet has a diameter of 5-6cm, a length of 10-12cm, a density of 1.4-1.6g / cm³, and weighs 400g. It contains 210g of urea, 100g of phosphate fertilizer, 50g of potash fertilizer, and 40g of silicon fertilizer. The active ingredients are 96g of nitrogen, 16g of phosphorus oxide, 25g of potassium oxide, and 20g of silicon oxide, respectively. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus oxide:potassium oxide:SiO2 is approximately 19:3:5:4.

[0050] Urea [CO(NH2)2] accounts for 50%-55%, and the optimal ratio is 53%; monocalcium phosphate [Ca(H2PO4)2] accounts for 22%-28%, and the optimal ratio is 25%; potassium sulfate [K2SO4] accounts for 10%-15%, and the optimal ratio is 12%; silicon fertilizer [Na2SiO3·9H2O] accounts for 18%-15%, and the optimal ratio is 10%.

[0051] 2. Design and connection of tail wing

[0052] The tail fins 2 are made of a lightweight sheet material, which can be made of plastic or thin metal. The tail fins 2 have forked tails 4 at their upper ends, with an angle α of 30°, adjustable within a range of 20°-60° as needed. The tail fin design increases air resistance, provides upward force, and stabilizes the projectile's descent.

[0053] Connect the other end of the traction rope 3 to the tail wing 2 to ensure that the connection is firm and reliable.

[0054] 3. Working Principle

[0055] During high-altitude delivery, the solid projectile is dropped from an aircraft (e.g., a drone or airplane). The air resistance of the tail fin 2 creates an upward pull, which, via the tow rope 3, keeps the projectile 1 in a vertical position, preventing rotation and deflection during the descent and improving delivery accuracy. The tapered portion 5 at the front of the projectile reduces air resistance and enhances descent stability.

[0056] 4. Fertilization effect

[0057] The fertilizer in the bullet is formulated in a specific ratio, containing nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and silicon, essential for crop growth. Calcium dihydrogen phosphate provides phosphorus to promote root development; sodium silicate enhances plant resistance to pests and diseases; urea provides nitrogen to promote stem and leaf growth; and potassium sulfate provides potassium to enhance stress resistance. The addition of clay increases the bullet's hardness and stability, preventing it from breaking during descent.

[0058] Advantageous Effects of the Invention

[0059] 1. Accurate delivery: Through the design of the tail fin and towing rope, the warhead keeps falling vertically when dropped from high altitude, which improves the accuracy of delivery.

[0060] 2. Efficient fertilization: The fertilizer in the bullet is formulated in proportion to meet the growth needs of crops, with uniform nutrient release and high utilization rate.

[0061] 3. Stable structure: The bullet has a reasonable structure and high hardness, and is not easy to break during the falling process.

[0062] 4. Low cost: The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are readily available, and it is suitable for large-scale production.

[0063] 5. Environmentally friendly: reduces fertilizer waste and loss, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.

[0064] Industrial Applicability

[0065] The solid bullet of the present invention is suitable for high-altitude fertilization of various crops, and is particularly effective in large areas, complex terrain, or mountainous areas where mechanical operations are unsuitable. Its preparation method is simple, production cost is low, and it has broad market prospects.

Claims

1. A solid warhead for high-altitude delivery, comprising a warhead and a tail fin, characterized in that: The warhead is made of solid fertilizer, and the tail end of the warhead is connected with a tail wing which generates an upward pulling force and enables the warhead to fall vertically through a traction rope.

2. The solid warhead for high-altitude delivery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail wing is made of sheet material, and the upper end thereof is provided with tail parts that are forked from each other.

3. The solid warhead for high-altitude delivery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle α formed between the mutually forked tails is 20-60°.

4. The solid warhead for high-altitude delivery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bullet end has a tapered portion.

5. The solid warhead for high altitude delivery according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The warhead is made according to the following weight ratios: phosphate fertilizer, which is calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2) (containing 20% ​​of P2O5 effective ingredients), 20%-26%; silicon fertilizer, which is [Na2SiO3·9H2O (containing 50% of SiO2 effective ingredients), 2%-4%; urea [CO(NH2)2] (containing 46% of nitrogen (N)), 45%-55%; potash fertilizer, which is potassium sulfate (K2SO4) (containing 50% of K2O effective ingredients), 10%-15%.

6. The solid warhead for high altitude delivery according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The warhead is composed of two parts: the first part is a mixture of phosphate fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)2) and silicon fertilizer (SiO2), which are mixed in a ratio of 9:1 and placed at the top of the warhead; the second part is a mixture of urea (CO(NH2)2), potash fertilizer (K2SO4) and clay, which are mixed in a ratio of 4:1:1 and placed at the rear of the warhead.

7. The solid warhead for high altitude delivery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first part of fertilizer and the second part of fertilizer are mixed with water respectively, and after being filled into the solid bullet cavity, the upper and lower molds are closed, and then the piston is used to extrude and form them from the back to the front along the axial direction.

8. A method for preparing a solid warhead for high-altitude delivery as claimed in claim 7, comprising the following steps: a) mixing powdered phosphate fertilizer (monocalcium phosphate Ca(H2PO4)2, containing 20% ​​of P2O5 as an effective ingredient), silicon fertilizer (containing 50% of SiO2 as an effective ingredient) and water in a ratio of 9:1:2 to prepare a first mixture; b) placing the first part of the mixture on the top of the mold and forming the top of the bullet by piston extrusion; c) mixing powdered urea (CO(NH2)2, containing 46% N), potash fertilizer (potassium sulfate (K2SO4), containing 50% K2O effective ingredient) and clay in a ratio of 4:1:1, taking 300 g of the mixture and adding 50 g of water to mix, to prepare the second mixture; d) filling the second part of the mixture and the connecting end of the traction rope into the mold, and combining the second part of the mixture and the traction rope with the first part of the mixture by piston extrusion to form the whole warhead; e) taking the whole bullet out of the mold and drying it at 60-70° C. to obtain a bullet with a traction rope; f) The other end of the towing rope is connected to the tail fin to form a solid warhead for high-altitude delivery.

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