Asymmetric interferometer direction finding method and device, computer equipment and medium
Through the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method, the appropriate primary and secondary reflection surface antenna array is selected to form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline, which solves the shortcomings of the traditional interferometer system when detecting low interceptor or weak signal targets, and achieves volume, weight and Efficient target detection and precise direction finding under power consumption constraints.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411142879.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
When traditional interferometer systems detect low interceptor or weak signal targets, they are difficult to meet the requirements of parameter measurement and orientation direction finding, and the gain of traditional unit antennas is not enough to effectively detect low intercept targets of new system radar products.
Using the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method, by selecting the appropriate main reflective surface antenna array and multiple secondary reflective surface antenna arrays, a multidimensional interferometer baseline is formed, and the target is detected by the main reflective surface antenna array, and the multidimensional interferometer baseline is carried out. Target orientation direction finding, meet the effective detection and accurate determination of low interception or weak targets.
Under the constraints of volume, weight and power consumption, effective detection and precise orientation measurement of low interception or weak targets are achieved, improving the system's signal-to-noise ratio and direction finding accuracy, and meeting the harsh conditions of the space platform.
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Figure CN119199716A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna interference technology, and in particular to an asymmetric interferometer direction finding method and device. Background Art
[0002] With the development of technology, radar sensing equipment has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, ultra-low sidelobe, and low interception. When the space platform discovers and perceives the target, obtaining the target's azimuth information is the focus of parameter measurement. At present, the interferometer system has a high direction finding accuracy. The space platform target discovery adopts the traditional interferometer system, such as the multi-baseline interferometer direction finding optimal estimation. The aperture is composed of unit antennas (or subarrays) of the same caliber with non-equidistant spacing. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the traditional target direction finding interferometer is shown, and the target direction information is solved by the spacing (baseline) formed by different unit antennas. It depicts that the phase difference of the signals received by different antennas is analyzed, and the direction of the signal source is determined according to the antenna spacing.
[0003] In the traditional interferometer system, unit antennas of the same caliber are generally used to form an interferometer array. As the low interception characteristics of new system radar products are becoming more and more common, the traditional unit antenna gain cannot detect such targets. Therefore, a larger caliber antenna must be used to provide higher gain to detect low interception radar targets. In addition, the acquisition of low-power targets or weak signals is the focus of target discovery and perception equipment.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to consider using a suitable reflective surface to intercept these signals in order to accurately determine the target's azimuth. How to use the traditional interferometer system to intercept the target with the greatest efficiency and meet the needs of parameter measurement and azimuth direction finding has become one of the research directions, requiring a more reasonable design of the detection system, receiving antenna type, interferometer array layout, etc. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method and device in order to overcome the existing technical defects, reasonably select the size and dimensions of the reflective surface antenna that constitutes the interferometer, and combine the asymmetric interferometer system to achieve interferometer system direction-finding of the target in the presence of a poor signal-to-noise ratio.
[0006] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] In a first aspect, the present application proposes an asymmetric interferometer direction finding method, the method comprising:
[0008] The main reflector antenna array of the asymmetric interferometer is selected based on the characteristics of the detection target, EIRP, detection distance, and strong constraints on platform installation;
[0009] Design multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays of asymmetric interferometers based on the signal-to-noise ratio difference;
[0010] A main reflector antenna array and a plurality of sub-reflector antenna arrays form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline;
[0011] The target is detected by the main reflector antenna array, and the target direction is measured by the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the size of the main reflector antenna array meets the requirements of coverage area and detection gain.
[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the reflective surface aperture of the main reflective surface antenna array is three unit distances.
[0014] In a possible implementation manner, a signal-to-noise ratio difference caused by a gain difference between the main reflector antenna array and the sub-reflector antenna array ranges from 3 dB to 16 dB.
[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the reflective surface aperture of the sub-reflector antenna array is 0.95 unit distance.
[0016] In a second aspect, the present application proposes an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding device, the device comprising a main reflector antenna array and a plurality of sub-reflector antenna arrays;
[0017] The main reflector antenna array is used to detect targets;
[0018] The sub-reflector antenna array is used to form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline with the main reflector antenna array, so that the target azimuth and direction can be measured through the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
[0019] In a third aspect, the present application further proposes a computer device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method as described in any one of the first aspects.
[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present application further proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method as described in any one of the first aspects.
[0021] The above-mentioned main scheme of the present application and its further options can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, all of which are schemes that can be adopted and claimed for protection in the present application; and in the present application, (non-conflicting options) options and other options can also be freely combined. After understanding the scheme of the present application, those skilled in the art can understand that there are multiple combinations based on the prior art and common knowledge, all of which are technical schemes to be protected by the present application, and they are not exhaustively listed here.
[0022] The present application discloses an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method, device, computer equipment and medium. The main reflector antenna array of the asymmetric interferometer is selected according to the characteristics of the detection target, EIRP, detection distance and strong constraints of platform installation. Secondly, multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays of the asymmetric interferometer are designed according to the signal-to-noise ratio difference. Then, the main reflector antenna array and multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline. Finally, the target is detected by the main reflector antenna array, and the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline is used to perform target azimuth direction-finding. Under the strong constraints of volume, weight and power consumption, the size and dimensions of the reflector antennas constituting the interferometer can be reasonably selected to meet the requirements of effective detection of low interception or weak targets, and combined with the asymmetric interferometer system, the interferometer system direction-finding of the target can be realized in the presence of a poor signal-to-noise ratio. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a conventional target direction finding interferometer is shown.
[0025] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main reflector antenna array proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sub-reflector antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the coordination of the primary and secondary reflector antennas proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the main reflector antenna forming an interferometer baseline proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sub-reflector antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the main reflector antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0032] Fig. 9A schematic diagram of the interferometer baseline formed by the primary and secondary reflector antennas proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0034] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
[0035] In the prior art, the traditional interferometer system generally uses unit antennas of the same caliber to form an interferometer array. As the low interception characteristics of new system radar products are becoming more and more common, the traditional unit antenna gain cannot detect such targets. Therefore, a larger caliber antenna must be used to provide higher gain in order to detect low interception radar targets. In addition, the acquisition of low-power targets or weak signals is the focus of target discovery and perception equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to consider using a suitable reflective surface to intercept these signals in order to accurately determine the target azimuth. Using the traditional interferometer system, how to intercept the target with the greatest efficiency and meet the requirements of parameter measurement and azimuth direction finding requires a more reasonable design of the detection system, receiving antenna type, interferometer array layout, etc.
[0036] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present application propose an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method, device, computer equipment and medium, which can reasonably select the size and dimensions of the reflecting surface antenna constituting the interferometer when effectively detecting low interception or weak targets under strong constraints on volume, weight and power consumption, and combine the asymmetric interferometer system to realize the interferometer system direction-finding of the target in the presence of a poor signal-to-noise ratio. The asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method, device, computer equipment and medium proposed in the embodiments of the present application are further explained below.
[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of an asymmetric interferometer direction finding method proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the method comprises the following steps:
[0038] Step S100: selecting the main reflector antenna array of the asymmetric interferometer according to the detection target characteristics, EIRP, detection distance and strong platform installation constraints.
[0039] First, starting from the needs of actual applications, consider the requirements of target characteristics, such as the type and strength of the signal to be detected. The preset EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) and detection distance set the performance benchmark for the design of the antenna. Based on these prerequisites, select a suitable main reflector antenna system, which involves consideration of different antenna types (such as parabolic, Cassegrain, etc.). The size of the main reflector antenna array meets the coverage area and detection gain requirements, so it is necessary to ensure that it can meet the predetermined coverage area and achieve the necessary detection gain level. The size of the main reflector will be accurately calculated during the design to ensure that it can work effectively within a specific frequency range and achieve the required signal collection efficiency. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a main reflector antenna array proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein the reflector aperture of the main reflector antenna array is three unit distances (3d).
[0040] In addition, during the design process, the installation limitations of the space platform must be fully considered, which may include factors such as weight, volume, and environmental resistance, to ensure that the antenna design not only has superior performance but can also be actually deployed on the target platform.
[0041] Therefore, choosing the size of the asymmetric interferometer main reflector antenna array is an optimization strategy for low probability of intercept (LPI) and weak target detection. This design allows more flexible adjustment and optimization of the antenna array, ensuring that weak signals can be effectively captured and processed while maintaining a low risk of interception.
[0042] Step S200: designing a plurality of asymmetric interferometer sub-reflector antenna arrays according to the signal-to-noise ratio difference.
[0043] When selecting the scale of the asymmetric interferometer sub-reflector antenna, the size and shape of the sub-reflector antenna are finely adjusted according to the characteristics of low interception or weak target signals received by the main reflector antenna to achieve the purpose of optimizing the performance of the entire system.
[0044] In order to ensure system sensitivity while maintaining good signal processing capabilities and anti-interference performance, the gain difference between the main reflector antenna and the sub-reflector antenna is usually selected to fall within a specific range. The signal-to-noise ratio difference formed by the gain difference between the main reflector antenna array and the sub-reflector antenna array ranges from 3dB to 16dB. Setting it to 3-16dB can balance the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the complexity of the system, ensuring the effective extraction of weak signals.
[0045] 10dB is used as the difference value of the main and sub-reflector antenna gains, which means that the gain of the sub-reflector antenna is 10dB lower than that of the main reflector. This design aims to improve the detection capability of weak signals by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining the overall efficiency and stability of the system.
[0046] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the sub-reflector antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown, and the reflector aperture of the sub-reflector antenna array is 0.95 unit distance. By precisely controlling the scale and gain of the sub-reflector antenna, the embodiment of the present application not only enhances the processing capability of low interception and weak target signals, but also demonstrates the importance of fine tuning the performance of each component in the design of a complex antenna system.
[0047] Step S300: forming a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline with a main reflector antenna array and a plurality of sub-reflector antenna arrays.
[0048] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the coordination of the main and sub-reflector antennas proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown, and the main and sub-reflector antennas are designed separately and independently. In order to ensure that the sub-reflector antennas can maintain good phase consistency when the interferometer is performing azimuth measurement, the design tends to design the main reflector antenna and the sub-reflector antenna separately and independently. This can avoid the phase error caused by the mutual coupling effect between the antennas, because the phase consistency of the sub-reflector antennas placed independently in free space is mainly affected by the manufacturing and processing accuracy, which can be controlled and optimized.
[0049] In the face of the strict restrictions on the size, weight and power consumption of the space platform, the main reflector antenna itself is used as a basic unit of the interferometer. This design not only integrates resources and reduces the additional volume and weight burden, but also simplifies the system architecture and achieves unified and efficient design.
[0050] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the main reflector antenna forming the interferometer baseline proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Under the premise that the main reflector antenna is part of the interferometer, the remaining sub-reflector antennas jointly construct a multi-baseline interferometer system with it. This configuration significantly enhances the system's measurement accuracy and resolution of the signal direction through the multiple baselines formed between multiple antenna units, and can achieve high-performance signal detection and processing requirements even in the case of limited resources.
[0051] Step S400: Detect the target through the main reflector antenna array, and measure the target direction using the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
[0052] By analyzing the phase difference between the signals received by each antenna, the direction of the signal source can be calculated using the interferometer principle. Because the phase difference is directly related to the signal path difference, it reflects the azimuth and elevation information of the target relative to the antenna array. The existence of multiple baselines enables the system to sample signals from multiple dimensions. Even if a single baseline data may be ambiguous or interfered with, the joint processing of multiple baseline data can still effectively distinguish and accurately locate the target.
[0053] In actual operation, advanced algorithms such as least squares method, matrix method or Kalman filtering are applied to process the phase data collected from each antenna to quickly and accurately calculate the target's position information.
[0054] In summary, the selection of the primary and secondary reflector antenna coordination mode maximizes the efficiency and flexibility of the system while meeting the harsh conditions of the space platform. It is an efficient design strategy for specific application scenarios.
[0055] On a space platform with limited volume, weight and power consumption, in order to meet the requirements of effective detection and target azimuth determination of low interception or weak targets, this application adopts the coordinated work of the main reflector antenna and the sub-reflector antenna, the unified design of the main reflector antenna and the sub-reflector antenna, reasonably selects the unit size of the interferometer, adopts an asymmetric interferometer system, and implements the interferometer system direction finding design for the target when there is a poor signal-to-noise ratio in the antenna reception, thereby meeting the installation problem of the main and sub-reflector antennas under the strong constraints of the platform.
[0056] In a possible embodiment, in order to verify the above method, in a certain project, the antenna system was carefully planned for the frequency requirement of 2000 MHz to ensure that it not only meets the installation requirements of the space platform, but also can achieve accurate direction finding and effectively solve the amplitude ratio ambiguity problem through the interferometer.
[0057] Specific to the antenna design parameters: Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the sub-reflector antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The aperture of the sub-reflector antenna is selected to be 45 cm. Such a size design is conducive to meeting the requirements of miniaturization of the space platform while ensuring a certain directional gain. Especially in the high frequency band, the smaller antenna size helps to reduce the volume and weight.
[0058] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the main reflector antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown, and the main reflector antenna aperture is set to a larger 200 cm. A larger aperture can significantly improve the gain and sensitivity of the antenna, which is crucial for capturing long-distance or weak signals, especially at frequencies such as 2000 MHz. A larger aperture can more effectively collect energy and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
[0059] Fig. 9The schematic diagram of the interferometer baseline formed by the main and sub-reflector antennas proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The main reflector antenna itself is integrated into the interferometer system, and works in coordination with other sub-reflector antennas to form a multi-baseline interferometer system. Not only does it effectively utilize the high performance of the main reflector antenna, but it also greatly improves the direction finding accuracy and resolution by increasing the number of interferometer baselines. The multi-baseline configuration allows the signal source to be sampled from different angles and distances, thereby achieving accurate target positioning and identification in complex signal environments, even for targets with weak or hidden signals.
[0060] Therefore, the asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method disclosed in the present application selects the main reflector antenna array of the asymmetric interferometer according to the characteristics of the detected target, EIRP, the detection distance and the strong constraints of the platform installation, and then designs multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays of the asymmetric interferometer according to the signal-to-noise ratio difference, and then forms a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline with the main reflector antenna array and the multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays, and finally detects the target through the main reflector antenna array, and the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline performs the target azimuth direction-finding. Under the strong constraints of volume, weight and power consumption, when the effective detection of low interception or weak targets is met, the size and size of the reflector antenna constituting the interferometer can be reasonably selected, and the interferometer system direction-finding of the target can be realized in combination with the asymmetric interferometer system in the presence of a poor signal-to-noise ratio.
[0061] A possible implementation of an asymmetric interferometer direction-finding device is provided below, which is used to execute the various execution steps and corresponding technical effects of the asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method shown in the above embodiments and possible implementations.
[0062] The main reflector antenna array is used to detect targets;
[0063] The sub-reflector antenna array is used to form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline with the main reflector antenna array, so that the target azimuth and direction can be measured through the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
[0064] This preferred embodiment provides a computer device, which can implement the steps in any embodiment of the asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method provided in the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the beneficial effects of the asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be achieved. Please refer to the previous embodiments for details and will not be repeated here.
[0065] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructions, or by controlling related hardware through instructions, and the instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor. To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, which stores multiple instructions, and the instructions can be loaded by a processor to execute the steps of any embodiment of the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
[0066] The storage medium may include: a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
[0067] Since the instructions stored in the storage medium can execute the steps in any asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method embodiment provided in the embodiments of the present application, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by any asymmetric interferometer direction-finding method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be achieved. For details, please refer to the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.
[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An asymmetric interferometer direction finding method, characterized in that: The method comprises: The main reflector antenna array of the asymmetric interferometer is selected based on the characteristics of the detection target, EIRP, detection distance, and strong constraints on platform installation; Design multiple sub-reflector antenna arrays of asymmetric interferometers based on the signal-to-noise ratio difference; A main reflector antenna array and a plurality of sub-reflector antenna arrays form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline; The target is detected by the main reflector antenna array, and the target direction is measured by the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
2. The asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the main reflector antenna array meets the requirements of coverage area and detection gain.
3. The asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective surface aperture of the sub-reflective surface antenna array is 0.95 unit distance.
4. The asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal-to-noise ratio difference caused by the gain difference between the main reflector antenna array and the sub-reflector antenna array ranges from 3dB to 16dB.
5. The asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflecting surface aperture of the main reflecting surface antenna array is three unit distances.
6. An asymmetric interferometer direction-finding device, characterized in that: The device comprises a main reflector antenna array and a plurality of sub-reflector antenna arrays; The main reflector antenna array is used to detect targets; The sub-reflector antenna array is used to form a multi-dimensional interferometer baseline with the main reflector antenna array, so that the target azimuth and direction can be measured through the multi-dimensional interferometer baseline.
7. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the asymmetric interferometer direction finding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.