Full-mechanized caving mining key layer initial weighting step prediction method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully mechanized caving mining key layer initial weighting step prediction method, system and device and a medium, and relates to the field of coal mining. The method comprises the steps that mechanical parameters of overlying strata on a fully mechanized caving working face are obtained; according to the mechanical parameters, determining the total thickness of the bearable rock stratum under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial weighting step pitch of the key layer; according to the total thickness of the bearable rock stratum under the key layer, a pre-constructed fitting formula is adopted, the difference value of the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial weighting step of the key layer is determined, and the difference value of the initial weighting step is obtained; and determining the initial weighting step of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving face according to the theoretical value of the initial weighting step of the key layer and the initial weighting step difference value. According to the method, the statistical law is combined, the overlying strata failure structure is comprehensively considered, the operability is high, the method can adapt to the complex situation that multiple strata influence one another on a production site, and the prediction precision of the key stratum initial weighting step is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coal mining, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining. Background Art

[0002] As the fully mechanized top coal caving working face continues to advance, the overburden will break along the strike length, resulting in the first appearance of mine pressure on the working face, which is called the initial pressure. The distance from the opening of the cut to the initial pressure is called the initial pressure step. After the initial collapse of the direct roof, the mining working face continues to advance, which will cause the breaking and movement of the key overburden layers, resulting in an increase in the working resistance of the working face support and the formation of pressure.

[0003] Predicting the initial pressure distance of the key layer breaking can well guide the safety guarantee work of the working face, and make preparations in advance to reduce possible losses. The pressure step distance prediction method commonly used in actual production currently mainly determines the pressure step distance by calculating the rock layer load. This method can only calculate the limit span of a single rock layer in a completely suspended state, and cannot adapt well to the complex situation of multiple rock layers affecting each other at the production site, so the calculation result cannot conform to the actual situation well. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, system, equipment and medium for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer in comprehensive top-coal caving mining, which comprehensively considers the overburden damage structure, can adapt to the complex situation of mutual influence of multiple rock layers at the production site, and improve the prediction accuracy of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the mechanical parameters of the overlying strata on the fully mechanized caving working face;

[0008] According to the mechanical parameters, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer are determined;

[0009] According to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer, a pre-constructed fitting formula is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference;

[0010] The initial compaction step distance of the key layer in the fully-mechanized caving working face is determined according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step distance of the key layer and the initial compaction step distance difference.

[0011] Optionally, according to the mechanical parameters, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer are determined, specifically including:

[0012] According to the mechanical parameters, the load formula is used to calculate the load formed by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, and the load formed by the key layer is determined;

[0013] According to the load formed by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, the rock layer with bearing capacity and not deformed with the bending deformation of the underlying rock layer is determined, and the total thickness of the rock layer with bearing capacity and not deformed with the bending deformation of the underlying rock layer is calculated to obtain the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer;

[0014] According to the load formed by the key layer, the thickness of the key layer and the tensile strength of the rock layer, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer is calculated.

[0015] Optionally, the mechanical parameters include elastic modulus, thickness and volume force of the rock formation;

[0016] The load formula is:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, (q n )1 is the load generated when the nth rock layer affects the first rock layer, E n is the elastic modulus of the nth rock layer, h n is the thickness of the nth rock layer, γ n is the volume force of the nth rock layer.

[0019] Alternatively, use the formula Calculate the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer; where L is the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer, h is the thickness of the key layer, q is the load formed by the key layer, and R T is the tensile strength of the rock formation.

[0020] Optionally, the process of constructing the fitting formula includes:

[0021] Acquire fully mechanized caving mining data; the fully mechanized caving mining data includes multiple groups of mining data, each group of mining data includes reference mechanical parameters of overlying strata of fully mechanized caving working face and actual measured value of initial pressure step of reference key layer;

[0022] Determine the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer corresponding to each group of mining data, and obtain multiple groups of preliminary fitting data; each group of preliminary fitting data includes the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer, and the measured value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer;

[0023] Calculate the difference between the theoretical value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer and the measured value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer in each set of preliminary fitting data to obtain multiple sets of fitting data; each set of fitting data includes the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the difference of the reference initial pressure step length;

[0024] According to the multiple groups of fitting data, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference in the initial pressure step are fitted to obtain a fitting formula.

[0025] Optionally, a linear fit is used to fit the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference between the initial pressure step distance.

[0026] Optionally, the initial compaction step length of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face is determined based on the theoretical value of the initial compaction step length of the key layer and the initial compaction step length difference, specifically including: adding the theoretical value of the initial compaction step length of the key layer to the initial compaction step length difference to obtain the initial compaction step length of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face.

[0027] In the second aspect, the present application provides a system for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining, comprising:

[0028] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the mechanical parameters of the overlying rock formation on the fully mechanized caving working face;

[0029] A theoretical value calculation module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to determine the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the mechanical parameters;

[0030] A difference determination module is connected to the theoretical value calculation module and is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer by using a pre-constructed fitting formula to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference;

[0031] The step determination module is connected to the difference determination module and is used to determine the initial compaction step of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step of the key layer and the initial compaction step difference.

[0032] In the third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-mentioned method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer in comprehensive caving mining.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer in comprehensive caving mining.

[0034] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] The present application provides a method, system, equipment and medium for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in a fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining. According to the mechanical parameters of the overlying rock strata on the fully-mechanized top-coal caving working face, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock strata below the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer are determined, and the supporting effect of the hard rock strata that are not completely broken below the key layer is taken into account; and based on statistical laws, a pre-constructed fitting formula is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer; according to the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer and the difference in the initial pressure step distance, the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully-mechanized top-coal caving working face is determined. This method not only conforms to statistical laws, but also comprehensively considers the overlying rock failure structure, and has strong operability and is easy to be used in actual production. It can adapt to the complex situation of mutual influence of multiple rock strata at the production site, and improves the prediction accuracy of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a scatter plot of the difference between the measured value and the theoretical value of the pressure step distance in the extra-thick coal seam;

[0040] Figure 4 A straight line schematic diagram of a fitting formula provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of functional modules of a system for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Based on measured data and the research results of other scholars, this application believes that the rock layers that have not been completely broken to form inverted steps will delay the initial pressure step of the key layer. Based on this, a new method for predicting the initial pressure step of the key layer in fully-mechanized caving mining of extra-thick coal seams is proposed.

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of fully mechanized caving mining provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the following examples: Figure 1 In the application environment shown. Among them, the terminal 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. The data storage system can store the data that the server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be set up separately, or it can be integrated on the server 104, or it can be placed on the cloud or other servers. The terminal 102 can send the mechanical parameters to be processed to the server 104, and the server 104 receives the mechanical parameters to be processed, and determines the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the comprehensive caving working face according to the mechanical parameters to be processed. The server 104 can feedback the obtained initial pressure step distance to the terminal 102. In addition, in some embodiments, the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the comprehensive caving mining can also be implemented separately by the server 104 or the terminal 102.

[0048] The terminal 102 may be, but is not limited to, various desktop computers, laptop computers, smart phones, tablet computers, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. The IoT devices may be smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart vehicle-mounted devices, etc. The portable wearable devices may be smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. The server 104 may be implemented as an independent server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers, or may be a cloud server.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining is provided. The method is executed by a computer device, and can be executed by a computer device such as a terminal or a server alone, or can be executed by a terminal and a server together. In the embodiment of the present application, the method is applied to Figure 1The server 104 in the example is used for explanation, and the steps include the following steps 201 to 204.

[0050] in:

[0051] Step 201, obtaining mechanical parameters of the overlying rock formation on the fully mechanized caving working face. The mechanical parameters include elastic modulus, thickness, body force, etc. of the rock formation. Further, the key layer is identified based on the mechanical parameters.

[0052] Step 202: Determine the total thickness of the bearing rock layer below the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer according to the mechanical parameters.

[0053] In a specific example, step 202 includes the following steps 301 to 303 .

[0054] Step 301, according to the mechanical parameters, using the load formula, calculate the load formed by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, and determine the load formed by the key layer.

[0055] The load formula is:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, (q n )1 is the load generated when the nth rock layer affects the first rock layer, E n is the elastic modulus of the nth rock layer, and its value is obtained by analogy, h n is the thickness of the nth rock layer, γ n is the volume force of the nth rock layer.

[0058] Step 302, based on the load generated by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, determine the rock layer that has bearing capacity and does not deform with the bending and deformation of the underlying rock layer, and calculate the total thickness of the rock layer that has bearing capacity and does not deform with the bending and deformation of the underlying rock layer, and obtain the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer.

[0059] Step 303, calculating the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the load formed by the key layer, the thickness of the key layer and the tensile strength of the rock layer.

[0060] Specifically, the formula Calculate the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer. Where L is the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer, h is the thickness of the key layer, q is the load formed by the key layer, R T is the tensile strength of the rock formation.

[0061] Step 203, according to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer, a pre-constructed fitting formula is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference.

[0062] Step 204, determining the initial compaction step distance of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving working face according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step distance of the key layer and the initial compaction step distance difference.

[0063] Specifically, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer is added to the initial pressure step distance difference to obtain the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face.

[0064] In this application, the negative maximum initial pressure step difference is the upper limit, and the positive initial pressure step difference is the lower limit. The fitting formula is used to calculate the empirical value range of the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step of the key layer, and the difference is added to the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer to obtain the initial pressure range of the key layer.

[0065] In a specific example, the process of constructing the fitting formula includes the following steps 401 to 404.

[0066] Step 401, obtaining fully mechanized caving mining data.

[0067] The fully mechanized top-caving mining data includes multiple groups of mining data, each group of mining data includes reference mechanical parameters of overlying strata on the fully mechanized top-caving working face and actual measured values ​​of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer.

[0068] Step 402, determining the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer corresponding to each group of mining data, and obtaining multiple groups of preliminary fitting data.

[0069] Each set of preliminary fitting data includes the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the reference key layer, and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the reference key layer.

[0070] This application uses the load formula and Calculate the limit span of each rock layer to obtain the theoretical value of the initial pressure and the theoretical value of the periodic pressure, and determine the rock layer position that causes the pressure in the measured value of the pressure step.

[0071] Step 403, respectively calculating the difference between the theoretical value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer and the measured value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer in each set of preliminary fitting data, so as to obtain multiple sets of fitting data.

[0072] Each set of fitting data includes the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the reference initial pressure step difference. Figure 3 As shown, this application has sorted out 11 sets of fitting data and drawn scatter plots.

[0073] Step 404: fitting the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference between the initial pressure steps according to the plurality of sets of fitting data to obtain a fitting formula.

[0074] Specifically, linear fitting is used to fit the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference between the initial pressure step. At the same time, considering the errors in the actual measurement process and the particularity of individual measured points, the measured values ​​with large discreteness are deleted during fitting, but the discreteness of all other data should be considered comprehensively. When there are values ​​in the measured values ​​that are obviously not in the regular value of the periodic pressure, they should be regarded as special pressure phenomena caused by the instability of the articulated rock block and are not included in the fitting.

[0075] This application fits the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving working face in the condition of extra-thick coal seams and no coal caving in the initial mining period with the total thickness of the rock layer with bearing capacity under the key layer. The independent variable is the total thickness of the rock layer with independent bearing capacity below the key layer, and the dependent variable is the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the layer, and a linear regression formula is obtained, such as Figure 4 The straight line in the figure has the corresponding fitting formula L d =(13.6±1.42)+(0.31±0.02)M; where L d is the difference in the initial pressure step distance, in meters, and M is the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer, in meters.

[0076] In a specific example, if Figure 5 As shown, there are two rock layers with bearing capacity under the key layer 501: the first bearing rock layer 502 and the second bearing rock layer 503, with thicknesses M1 and M2 respectively, that is, the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer M = M1 + M2, and the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving working face = L + (13.6 ± 1.42) + (0.31 ± 0.02)M.

[0077] Based on statistical laws, this application considers the supporting role of the hard rock layer that has not been completely broken below the key layer, and proposes a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer in the fully-mechanized top coal mining of extra-thick coal seams. This method not only combines statistical laws, but also comprehensively considers the damage structure of the overburden, and is highly operational and easy to be used in actual production. This application can accurately predict the initial pressure step distance of the key layer in fully-mechanized top coal mining, guide the safety assurance work of the fully-mechanized top coal mining face based on the initial pressure step distance, and make preparations in advance to reduce possible losses.

[0078] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a system for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining, which is used to implement the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the system is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the system for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining provided below can be referred to the limitations of the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized caving mining in the above text, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, a system for predicting the initial pressure step size of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining is provided, including: a data acquisition module 601, a theoretical value calculation module 602, a difference determination module 603 and a step size determination module 604.

[0080] The data acquisition module 601 is used to obtain the mechanical parameters of the overlying rock formation on the fully mechanized caving working face.

[0081] The theoretical value calculation module 602 is connected to the data acquisition module 601, and is used to determine the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the mechanical parameters.

[0082] The difference determination module 603 is connected to the theoretical value calculation module 602. The difference determination module 603 is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer, using a pre-constructed fitting formula, so as to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference.

[0083] The step determination module 604 is connected to the difference determination module 603, and the step determination module 604 is used to determine the initial compaction step of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving working face according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step of the key layer and the initial compaction step difference.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server or a terminal. The internal structure diagram thereof may be as follows: Figure 7As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the mechanical parameters of the overburden on the fully-mechanized caving working face. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully-mechanized caving mining is implemented.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0088] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0089] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0090] The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0091] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0092] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining, characterized in that: The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of fully mechanized caving mining includes: Obtain the mechanical parameters of the overlying strata on the fully mechanized caving working face; According to the mechanical parameters, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer are determined; According to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer, a pre-constructed fitting formula is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference; The initial compaction step distance of the key layer in the fully-mechanized caving working face is determined according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step distance of the key layer and the initial compaction step distance difference.

2. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the mechanical parameters, the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer are determined, specifically including: According to the mechanical parameters, the load formula is used to calculate the load formed by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, and the load formed by the key layer is determined; According to the load formed by the overlying rock layer on the target bearing rock layer, the rock layer with bearing capacity and not deformed with the bending deformation of the underlying rock layer is determined, and the total thickness of the rock layer with bearing capacity and not deformed with the bending deformation of the underlying rock layer is calculated to obtain the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer; According to the load formed by the key layer, the thickness of the key layer and the tensile strength of the rock layer, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer is calculated.

3. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mechanical parameters include elastic modulus, thickness and volume force of the rock formation; The load formula is: Among them, (q n )1 is the load generated when the nth rock layer affects the first rock layer, E n is the elastic modulus of the nth rock layer, h n is the thickness of the nth rock layer, γ n is the volume force of the nth rock layer.

4. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized top coal caving mining according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Using formula Calculate the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer; where L is the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the key layer, h is the thickness of the key layer, q is the load formed by the key layer, and R T is the tensile strength of the rock formation.

5. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of constructing the fitting formula includes: Acquire fully mechanized caving mining data; the fully mechanized caving mining data includes multiple groups of mining data, each group of mining data includes reference mechanical parameters of overlying strata of fully mechanized caving working face and actual measured value of initial pressure step of reference key layer; Determine the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer corresponding to each group of mining data, and obtain multiple groups of preliminary fitting data; each group of preliminary fitting data includes the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the reference key layer, the theoretical value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer, and the measured value of the initial pressure step of the reference key layer; Calculate the difference between the theoretical value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer and the measured value of the initial pressure step length of the reference key layer in each set of preliminary fitting data to obtain multiple sets of fitting data; each set of fitting data includes the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the reference key layer and the difference of the reference initial pressure step length; According to the multiple groups of fitting data, the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference in the initial pressure step are fitted to obtain a fitting formula.

6. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Linear fitting is used to fit the total thickness of the bearing rock layer under the key layer and the difference between the initial pressure step distance.

7. The method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of key layers in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer and the initial pressure step distance difference, the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully mechanized caving working face is determined, specifically including: The theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer is added to the initial pressure step distance difference to obtain the initial pressure step distance of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face.

8. A system for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized top coal caving mining, applied to the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully mechanized top coal caving mining as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first pressure step prediction system for key layers of fully mechanized caving mining includes: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the mechanical parameters of the overlying rock formation on the fully mechanized caving working face; A theoretical value calculation module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to determine the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer and the theoretical value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the mechanical parameters; A difference determination module is connected to the theoretical value calculation module and is used to determine the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value of the initial pressure step distance of the key layer according to the total thickness of the load-bearing rock layer under the key layer by using a pre-constructed fitting formula to obtain the initial pressure step distance difference; The step determination module is connected to the difference determination module and is used to determine the initial compaction step of the key layer of the fully-mechanized caving working face according to the theoretical value of the initial compaction step of the key layer and the initial compaction step difference.

9. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in comprehensive caving mining as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for predicting the initial pressure step distance of a key layer in fully-mechanized caving mining as described in any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

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