Composite biological agent, preparation method thereof and application of composite biological agent in promotion of shellfish growth or shellfish fattening

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite biological agent, a preparation method thereof and application of the composite biological agent in promotion of shellfish growth or shellfish fattening. The compound biological agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 8 parts of glucosamine, 1 to 3 parts of yeast, 1 to 4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5 to 50 parts of clostridium ethanol protein and 45 to 75 parts of compound algae. The compound biological agent can remarkably improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat percentage and improve the growth speed of the shellfish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal breeding, and more specifically, relates to a composite biological preparation, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof in promoting shellfish growth or shellfish fattening. Background Art

[0002] Shellfish are a large class of invertebrates that live in waters such as oceans, lakes and rivers. There are many species, including oysters, scallops, clams, mussels, etc. They are rich in nutritional value, rich in nutrients such as protein, multiple vitamins and minerals, and are one of the important food sources for humans. They occupy an important position in aquaculture and fishing industries and have contributed to global economic development. They play an important role in filtering water quality and maintaining ecological balance in aquatic ecosystems.

[0003] In shellfish farming, problems such as slow growth, poor fattening effect, and low meat gain rate are often faced. These problems not only affect the farming benefits, but also limit the sustainable development of shellfish farming. At present, traditional farming methods mainly rely on natural bait for natural growth, but the effect is limited and time-limited. Patent Publication No. CN113455597A discloses an oyster compound feed, which is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 5-10 parts of Isochrysis galbana, 10-20 parts of Schizochytrium schizochytrium, 10-20 parts of Spirulina platensis, 15-25 parts of Dunaliella, 10-15 parts of ethanol Clostridium protein, 0.5-1 parts of complex vitamin additives, 5-8 parts of sodium caseinate, and 20-30 parts of corn starch. Oyster compound feed can improve the fatness and survival rate of oysters, but it still has the problems of poor fattening effect and low meat gain rate. Therefore, how to improve the fattening effect of shellfish farming, promote growth and increase the meat gain rate has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite biological preparation, which can significantly improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and improve the growth rate of shellfish.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite biological preparation.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide a composite biological preparation for use in promoting shellfish growth and / or shellfish fattening.

[0007] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating shellfish.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A composite biological preparation comprises the following components by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5-50 parts of ethanol clostridium protein, and 45-75 parts of composite algae.

[0010] The present invention adds a composite biological preparation to shellfish farming. The ethanolic clostridium protein, aminoglucosamine, yeast and sodium tripolyphosphate in the preparation are combined with composite algae to synergistically improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and increase the growth rate of shellfish, while increasing the farming output. Specifically:

[0011] In the present invention, glucosamine is an important component of the exoskeleton (shell) and soft tissue of shellfish. The main component of shellfish shells is calcium carbonate, and glucosamine plays a key role in the formation of the organic matrix of shellfish. It can participate in the formation of organic components such as glycoproteins in shells, which helps the growth and repair of shells. A healthy and complete shell can provide better protection for shellfish, thereby reducing the adverse effects of external environmental factors on the growth of shellfish. In the soft tissue of shellfish, glucosamine participates in the construction of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix, which is very important for maintaining the normal morphology and function of cells. Glucosamine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of shellfish cells, and then contribute to the growth of shellfish soft tissues, including the growth of tissues such as mantle and adductor muscle. The healthy growth of these tissues is the basis for the overall growth and fatness of shellfish. Specifically, the glucosamine refers to glucosamine, which is a substance necessary for the synthesis of proteoglycans in the matrix of human articular cartilage, with a molecular formula of C6H 13 NO5, molecular weight 179.2.

[0012] Yeast is rich in nutrients such as protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. These nutrients can be directly absorbed and utilized by shellfish, supplementing the nutrients needed for shellfish growth, participating in energy metabolism, cell respiration and other physiological processes, and promoting the growth of shellfish. Yeast cells themselves can be used as a good microbial bait. During the filter feeding process of shellfish, yeast cells can be ingested by shellfish, and the nutrients in yeast cells are decomposed and absorbed in the digestive tract of shellfish; at the same time, yeast cells can also stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes in shellfish, improve the digestion efficiency of shellfish, and enable shellfish to better utilize nutrients in other food sources, thereby accelerating growth and increasing meat yield.

[0013] Sodium tripolyphosphate is a water quality improver. In shellfish culture water, it can combine with metal ions such as calcium and magnesium in the water to soften the water. This is very beneficial to the growth of shellfish. The inventor speculates that water with too high hardness may affect the absorption of nutrients by shellfish and the normal growth of shells. Sodium tripolyphosphate also has a certain dispersing effect. It can prevent suspended particles and organic matter in the water from agglomerating and precipitating, so that these substances can be better dispersed in the water, increase the contact opportunities of shellfish with food such as plankton and organic debris, and improve the feeding efficiency of shellfish. Moreover, it can be adsorbed on the surface of impurities in the water, prevent impurities from clogging the respiratory organs and filter feeding organs of shellfish, and ensure the normal breathing and feeding of shellfish. From a nutritional point of view, the phosphorus element in sodium tripolyphosphate is one of the important nutrients required for the growth of shellfish. Phosphorus is involved in physiological processes such as energy metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis in shellfish cells. An appropriate amount of phosphorus supply helps the proliferation and growth of shellfish cells, and improves the growth rate and fatness.

[0014] Ethanol Clostridium protein is a high-quality single-cell protein. It is rich in essential amino acids, and the composition of these amino acids is close to the ideal amino acid pattern required for shellfish growth. When shellfish ingest ethanol Clostridium protein, they can effectively use the amino acids in it to synthesize their own protein for growth, thereby increasing the meat yield. The particle size and structural characteristics of ethanol Clostridium protein make it easy for shellfish to filter and digest. In the digestive tract of shellfish, it can be quickly broken down by digestive enzymes to release nutrients. At the same time, its presence can also stimulate the development of shellfish intestines, increase the absorption area of ​​the intestines and the activity of digestive enzymes, further improve the shellfish's ability to digest and absorb food, provide sufficient nutritional support for the growth of shellfish, accelerate growth and increase aquaculture production.

[0015] The present invention combines ethanol clostridium protein, aminoglucosamine, yeast and sodium tripolyphosphate, and then matches the composite algae in the system to synergistically improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and increase the growth rate of shellfish. In addition, the composite biological preparation uses natural biological components, is pollution-free to the environment, and does not cause harm to shellfish and aquatic ecosystems. In the process of shellfish breeding, the method of use is simple and easy to promote and apply, providing farmers with an efficient and convenient breeding technology. The present invention can shorten the breeding cycle and increase breeding output at the same time.

[0016] Specifically, the composite biological preparation includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 10-50 parts of ethanol clostridium protein, and 45-75 parts of composite algae.

[0017] Preferably, the composite algae is selected from one or more of concentrated green algae, concentrated diatoms and spirulina powder.

[0018] Preferably, the concentrated green algae is selected from one or more of Chlorella, Platymonas, Nannochloropsis, and Scenedesmus.

[0019] Preferably, the concentrated diatoms are selected from one or more of Chaetoceros condensed, Thalassiosira salina, Navicula salina, Nitzschia salina, and Cyclotella salina.

[0020] Preferably, the yeast is brewer's yeast.

[0021] Preferably, the composite algae comprises concentrated green algae, concentrated diatom and spirulina powder in a mass ratio of 30-40:15-25:3-6.

[0022] Further preferably, the present invention claims a method for preparing a composite biological agent, wherein glucosamine, yeast, sodium tripolyphosphate, ethanol clostridium protein and composite algae are uniformly mixed to prepare the composite biological agent.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention seeks to protect the use of the composite biological preparation in promoting shellfish growth and / or shellfish fattening.

[0024] More specifically, the promotion of shellfish growth refers to: increasing the growth rate of shellfish. More specifically, the fattening of shellfish refers to: increasing the meat yield of shellfish and / or the fatness of shellfish.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention also seeks to protect a method for cultivating shellfish, which utilizes the composite biological preparation to cultivate shellfish.

[0026] In some embodiments, the composite biological preparation can be evenly stirred with clean water and then sprayed into a breeding pond where shellfish are cultured.

[0027] Preferably, the breeding conditions are: temperature 13-20°C, salinity 8-15‰, dissolved oxygen ≥ 5 mg / L. Further preferably, the breeding conditions are: temperature 14-16°C, salinity 10-12‰.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of the composite biological preparation to shellfish is 1:4500-6000.

[0029] Preferably, the frequency of use of the composite biological agent is once every 12-24 hours.

[0030] Specifically, the shellfish is selected from one or more of oysters, scallops, pearl oysters, conches, razor clams, clams, mussels, mussels, and cockles.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a composite biological preparation, which can provide rich nutrients for shellfish through the synergistic combination of ethanol clostridium protein, glucosamine, yeast and sodium tripolyphosphate, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by shellfish, make shellfish accumulate fat and protein quickly, and improve the fatness of shellfish. By regulating the physiological functions of shellfish, the muscle growth rate and quality of shellfish are improved, thereby greatly increasing the meat gain rate of shellfish and improving product quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the specification and specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0034] Example 1 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0035] By weight, 4 parts of glucosamine (source: Xi'an Tianguangyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), 1 part of brewer's yeast (source: Beijing Par Sunshine Technology Development Co., Ltd.), 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate (source: Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 10 parts of ethanol clostridium protein (source: Beijing Shougang Langze Technology Co., Ltd.), 30 parts of Chlorella (source: Zhanjiang Hengxing Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd.), 3 parts of Spirulina powder (source: Xiamen Hailin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and 15 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros (source: Zhanjiang Hengxing Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd.) are mixed evenly to prepare a composite biological preparation.

[0036] Example 2 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0038] By weight, 8 parts of glucosamine, 2 parts of brewer's yeast, 4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 30 parts of ethanol clostridial protein, 40 parts of chlorella, 6 parts of spirulina powder and 25 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros algae are mixed evenly to prepare a composite biological preparation.

[0039] Example 3 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0041] By weight, 6 parts of glucosamine, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 50 parts of ethanol clostridial protein, 38 parts of chlorella, 4 parts of spirulina powder and 18 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros algae are mixed evenly to prepare a composite biological preparation.

[0042] Embodiment 4 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0043] First, the indoor breeding ponds of the breeding base are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to ensure that the breeding environment is clean and free of germs. Check whether the water supply and drainage system of the breeding pond is operating normally to ensure that the water quality can be replaced and regulated in time. Prepare tools for hanging oysters, such as ropes and hooks, to ensure that they are firm and reliable. The breeding pond area is 48 square meters. Bamboo rafts are arranged horizontally above the breeding pond, and the gap between each raft is adjusted to 10 cm to provide suitable growth space for oysters.

[0044] Hong Kong oysters are caught in the offshore breeding area, and the oysters are transported from the sea to the indoor breeding pond after being rinsed with seawater. During transportation, care should be taken to keep the oysters moist and avoid long-term exposure to the air. After arriving at the indoor breeding pond, the oysters are carefully hung one by one on the bamboo raft above the breeding pond. According to the 10,000 catties of oysters hung in each breeding pond, the gap of 10 cm between each hanging is adjusted to ensure that the hanging is firm and the spacing is appropriate. The water temperature of the breeding pond is controlled at 13-15℃, the salinity is 14-15‰, and the dissolved oxygen is ≥5mg / L. Keep the water clean and replace the pool water in time to ensure a good growth environment.

[0045] During the breeding process, the composite biological agent prepared in Example 1 was put into a bucket, stirred evenly with 200L of clean water, and then sprinkled in the breeding pond. The mass ratio of the composite biological agent to the oysters was 1:5500. It was used once every 12 hours. The breeding pond was inspected regularly to observe the growth and health of the oysters, and abnormally dead oysters were discovered and disposed of in time.

[0046] Embodiment 5 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the composite biological preparation prepared in embodiment 2 is adopted.

[0048] Example 6 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the composite biological preparation prepared in embodiment 3 is adopted.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain glucosamine.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain yeast.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain alcoholic Clostridium protein.

[0058] Comparative Example 5

[0059] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 contains only yeast.

[0060] Comparative Example 6

[0061] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 contains only glucosamine.

[0062] Comparative Example 7

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that Chlorella is used to replace the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 8

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that concentrated Chaetoceros hornii is used to replace the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1.

[0066] Test Case

[0067] The above embodiments and comparative examples were tested using the following test methods.

[0068] Preparation: prepare an electronic balance (with an accuracy of 0.01 g), dissection tools (such as a knife, tweezers), a clean culture dish, an overflow beaker (with an accuracy of 1 ml), a vernier caliper (with an accuracy of 0.1 mm), an electronic balance (with an accuracy of 0.01 g), a recording form, etc.

[0069] Initial data were recorded at the start of oyster culture and samples were taken after 45 days of culture.

[0070] Measurement steps: Before breeding, randomly select 30 oysters, carefully open the oyster shells with dissecting tools, and take out the oyster meat intact, trying to avoid meat loss. Weigh the removed oyster meat on an electronic balance and record the data as W1. After breeding, pry open the oyster shells in the same way, drain the water in the oyster shells, and weigh the weight of each oyster in shell with an electronic balance, and record the data as W2 (unit: grams). Take out the oyster meat intact, trying to avoid meat loss. Weigh the removed oyster meat on an electronic balance and record the data as W3 (unit: grams).

[0071] The meat yield of each oyster was calculated using the formula: meat yield = W3 / W2 x 100%. The meat yield data of 30 oysters were added together and divided by 30 to obtain the average meat yield.

[0072] The weight growth rate of the soft part of the oyster was calculated using the formula: weight growth rate = (W3-W1) / W1×100%. The weight growth rate data of the soft part of the oysters of 30 oysters were added together and then divided by 30 to obtain the average weight growth rate of the soft part of the oysters.

[0073] Measurement of fatness: Measurement steps: gently place the whole oyster, oyster shell, and oyster meat into an overflow beaker filled with water in turn, and the mass of water flowing out through the overflow port is recorded as V1, V2, and V3 respectively.

[0074] The fatness was calculated using the formula: fatness F = V3 / (V1-V2) x 100%. The fatness data of 30 oysters were added together and divided by 30 to obtain the average fatness.

[0075] The final test data of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Meat yield% Weight growth rate % Fatness % Example 4 33.84 8.39 40.37 Example 5 34.66 8.44 41.88 Example 6 33.03 8.20 38.95 Comparative Example 1 27.52 5.02 25.13 Comparative Example 2 28.35 5.17 25.58 Comparative Example 3 28.61 5.25 25.94 Comparative Example 4 23.88 4.89 24.05 Comparative Example 5 21.79 4.28 22.90 Comparative Example 6 21.25 4.12 22.66 Comparative Example 7 19.69 1.06 20.58 Comparative Example 8 20.33 1.24 20.75

[0078] It can be seen from the above examples 4-6 that the composite biological preparation provided by the present invention can significantly improve the meat yield, fatness and growth rate of shellfish. The meat yield of oysters cultured with the composite biological preparation is ≥33.03%, the weight growth rate is ≥8.20%, and the fatness is ≥38.95%.

[0079] It can be seen from Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 that when ethanol Clostridium protein, aminoglucosamine, yeast and sodium tripolyphosphate are combined with the composite algae in the system, it can synergistically improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and increase the growth rate of shellfish. It is difficult to achieve the technical effect of the present invention by using any three combinations alone.

[0080] It can be seen from Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 that it is difficult to achieve the technical effect of the present invention when only yeast or amino sugar is used to culture shellfish.

[0081] It can be seen from Example 4, Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 that when only Chlorella or concentrated Chaetoceros is used to culture shellfish, it is difficult to achieve the technical effect of the present invention.

[0082] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and are used to explain some features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to require the widest possible range that can be imagined, and the embodiments presented herein are demonstrated by the applicant's actual test results. Therefore, the applicant's intention is that the appended claims are not limited by the selection of examples that illustrate the features of the present invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include sub-ranges therein, and changes in these ranges should also be interpreted as being covered by the appended claims where possible.

Claims

1. A composite biological preparation, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5-50 parts of ethanol clostridium protein and 45-75 parts of compound algae.

2. The composite biological preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite algae is selected from one or more of concentrated green algae, concentrated diatoms and spirulina powder.

3. The composite biological preparation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentrated green algae is selected from one or more of Chlorella, Platymonas, Nannochloropsis, and Scenedesmus.

4. The composite biological preparation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The concentrated diatoms are selected from one or more of concentrated Chaetoceros diatomaceous earth, Thalassiosira salina, Navicula salina, Nitzschia salina, and Cyclotella salina.

5. The composite biological preparation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite algae comprises concentrated green algae, concentrated diatom and spirulina powder in a mass ratio of 30-40:15-25:3-6.

6. The method for preparing the composite biological agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The composite biological preparation is prepared by uniformly mixing glucosamine, yeast, sodium tripolyphosphate, ethanol clostridium protein and composite algae.

7. Use of the composite biological preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in promoting shellfish growth and / or shellfish fattening.

8. A method for cultivating shellfish, characterized in that: Shellfish are cultured using the composite biological preparation described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. The breeding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The breeding conditions are: temperature 13-20°C, salinity 8-15‰, dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L.

10. The breeding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the composite biological preparation to shellfish is 1:4500-6000.