A device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for use thereof, comprising a hydroelectric generator and a capture device disposed in a ditch along the direction of water flow. A low-level water passage is disposed at the bottom of the capture device, and a valve plate is disposed at the end of the low-level water passage that moves as the water level rises. The valve plate is used to seal the low-level water passage. A plurality of rotating capture racks are disposed at the top of the capture device, and the rotation and deployment direction of the capture racks is the same as the direction of water flow. A plurality of electrode plates are disposed on both sides of the capture device, and the electrode plates include positive and negative electrodes, respectively disposed on both sides of the capture device, for adsorbing suspended matter in the water body. By comprehensively utilizing hydroelectric power generation, electrostatic adsorption of electrode plates, mechanical filtration, and automatic adjustment technology, the problem of high sand content in existing irrigation water is effectively solved, ensuring the cleanliness of irrigation water and improving the efficiency and quality of farmland irrigation. This technical solution is not only simple to operate and has low maintenance costs, but is also environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of farmland irrigation, and in particular to a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Farmland irrigation is an integral part of agricultural production, but existing irrigation water often contains high levels of suspended matter, particularly silt. This suspended matter not only affects the clarity of the irrigation water but also causes the following problems: Soil structure damage: Irrigation water high in silt content can erode the soil, damaging its structure and reducing its fertility and water retention capacity. Irrigation system blockage: Suspended matter can easily accumulate in irrigation pipes and sprinklers, leading to blockages and impacting the normal operation of the irrigation system. Clogged crop growth: Harmful substances in suspended matter can damage crop roots, impacting growth and yield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution that includes a hydroelectric generator and a capture device arranged in a ditch along the direction of water flow. A low-level water passage is provided at the bottom of the capture device, and a valve plate is provided at the end of the low-level water passage that moves as the water level rises. The valve plate is used to block the low-level water passage. A plurality of rotating capture racks are provided on the top of the capture device, and the rotation and deployment direction of the capture racks is the same as the direction of water flow.

[0005] A plurality of electrode plates are provided on both sides of the capture device. The electrode plates include positive and negative electrodes which are respectively provided on both sides of the capture device for absorbing suspended matter in the water body.

[0006] Preferably, a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device is provided in the ditch, the bottom of the capture device is resting on the groove through a sealing pad, and the top of the capture device is connected to the ditch through expansion bolts on all sides. The capture device is pressed against the sealing pad by tightening the nuts of the expansion bolts.

[0007] Preferably, a valve cavity is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device, and the valve plate seals and slides up and down in the valve cavity. Fixed hole cylinders are fixed on both sides of the end of the capture device, and floating floats are provided in the fixed hole cylinders. The bottom of the float is fixedly connected to the valve plate by a rope.

[0008] Preferably, the capture frame includes rotating rods on both sides, a crossbar is provided between the tops of the rotating rods, and a convex shaft is provided between the bottoms;

[0009] Connecting rods are provided on both sides of the crossbars in the multiple capture racks, and the crossbars are fixed on the connecting rods for rotation through arc-shaped pressure plates;

[0010] A plurality of floats are fixed on the connecting rod, and biological ropes and chemical fiber filter materials are tied in the capture frame.

[0011] Preferably, a pin barrel is fixed at the end of the cross bar, and the end of the pin barrel rests inside the pin barrel. A sliding pin shaft is provided in the pin barrel. One end of the pin shaft rests against the inside of the cross bar through a spring, and the other end of the pin shaft rests against the sliding groove on the inner walls on both sides of the capture device and moves.

[0012] Preferably, the slide is arranged along the rotation direction of the capture frame, the top of the slide is used to limit the capture frame in the expanded vertical state, and the bottom is used to limit the capture frame in the folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide for the pin shaft to enter and exit.

[0013] Preferably, a square shaft is fixed to the end of the convex shaft, the square shaft is pressed against the rotating rod and connected thereto, and a threaded bolt is provided at the end of the square shaft, which passes through the capture device and rotates against the capture device through a bearing.

[0014] Preferably, the hydroelectric generator is electrically connected to the electrode plate via a transformer.

[0015] A method for using a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water, the method steps are as follows:

[0016] S1. The upstream gate is opened to release water. The water flows through the hydroelectric generator in the ditch to generate electricity, which makes the electrode plate generate electricity, thus forming an electrostatic field in the capture device;

[0017] S2. When the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water channel at the bottom of the capture device, ensuring water for irrigation downstream of the ditch;

[0018] S3. When the water level rises due to a large flow, the buoy rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate to move and block the low-level water passage. At the same time, the float also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame to rotate and unfold. With the impact of the water flow, the capture frame can be fully unfolded and upright.

[0019] S4. The fully unfolded vertical capture frame and the biological rope and chemical fiber filter material tied to it can form a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate can absorb the charged suspended matter.

[0020] S5. After the water level drops, multiple capture racks rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks for easy centralized cleaning.

[0021] The present invention provides a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. A multi-layered barrier system, composed of multi-layered capture frames and attached bio-ropes and synthetic filter media, effectively captures suspended matter in the water. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plates attracts charged suspended matter, further enhancing water purification. The combination of mechanical filtration and electrostatic adsorption ensures effective removal of suspended matter and improves irrigation water clarity.

[0023] 2. The linkage mechanism between the float and valve plate enables automatic response to water level changes, eliminating the need for manual intervention and improving system reliability and convenience. The linkage mechanism between the float and connecting rod enables the capture frame to automatically deploy or retract as the water level changes, ensuring effective operation under different water level conditions.

[0024] 3. A hydroelectric generator is installed in the ditch to generate electricity from the impact of water flow to power the electrode plates, achieving energy self-sufficiency and reducing operating costs. The electricity generated by the hydroelectric generator is converted into a voltage and current suitable for the electrode plates through a transformer, ensuring that the electrode plates can work efficiently and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] 4. The entire system utilizes the energy of natural water flow, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and meeting the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. The maintenance of the hydroelectric generator and transformer is relatively simple, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system and reducing maintenance costs.

[0026] 5. The low-level water channel ensures that water can flow smoothly even when the water flow is low, ensuring irrigation water downstream of the ditch and avoiding irrigation water shortages caused by clogging of the filter device. The effective removal of suspended solids reduces blockage of irrigation pipes and sprinklers, ensuring the normal operation of the irrigation system and improving irrigation efficiency.

[0027] 6. When the water level drops, the capture racks rotate and stack together due to their own weight, which facilitates centralized cleaning and simplifies maintenance. The capture racks and electrode plates are designed for easy disassembly and replacement, ensuring long-term and efficient operation of the system.

[0028] 7. This device is not only suitable for farmland irrigation, but can also be used for ecological restoration of rivers, lakes and other water bodies, improving water quality and protecting the ecological environment. Through an automatic adjustment mechanism, the device can adapt to different water level conditions, ensuring effective operation in various situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is an axial side view of the ditch in which the capture device of the present invention is installed;

[0032] Figure 3 This invention Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0033] Figure 4 This invention Figure 1 Middle BB cross-section;

[0034] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the capture device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the capture frame folding;

[0036] Figure 7 This invention Figure 3 Middle partial enlarged view c;

[0037] Figure 8 This invention Figure 3 Middle partial enlarged view d;

[0038] In the figure: ditch 1; hydroelectric generator 2; capture device 3; low-level water passage 301; capture frame 302; rotating rod 3021; ​​cross bar 3022; convex shaft 3023; biological rope 303; float 304; fixed hole cylinder 305; valve chamber 306; electrode plate 307; slide 308; connecting rod 309; arc pressure plate 310; sealing gasket 4; valve plate 5; float 6; pin cylinder 7; pin shaft 8; spring 9; bolt 10; bearing 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water comprises a hydroelectric generator 2 and a capture device 3 arranged in a ditch 1 along the direction of water flow. A low-level water passage 301 is provided at the bottom of the capture device 3. A valve plate 5 is provided at the end of the low-level water passage 301, which moves as the water level rises. The valve plate 5 is used to block the low-level water passage 301. A plurality of rotating capture racks 302 are provided at the top of the capture device 3. The rotation and deployment direction of the capture racks 302 is the same as the direction of water flow.

[0041] A plurality of electrode plates 307 are provided on both sides of the capture device 3. The electrode plates 307 include a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are respectively provided on both sides of the capture device 3 for absorbing suspended matter in the water body.

[0042] After the upstream gate is opened to release water, it passes through the ditch 1 and then passes through the hydroelectric generator 2 and the capture device 3 in sequence. The hydroelectric generator 2 can use the impact of water flow to generate electricity, thereby providing electricity for the electrode plate 307 in the capture device 3; when the water flow is small, the water body passes through the low-level water channel 301 at the bottom of the capture device 3 to ensure irrigation water downstream of the ditch 1 and avoid silting of the irrigation water in the ditch 1; when the water flow becomes larger and the water level rises, the valve plate 5 moves with the rising water level and blocks the low-level water channel 301. At the same time, multiple rotating capture frames 302 are unfolded with the rising water level and are fully unfolded to a vertical state by the impact of water flow. The multi-layer capture device 3 can capture suspended matter in the water body, and the electrostatic field formed by the discharge of multiple electrode plates 307 can adsorb charged suspended matter.

[0043] By installing a hydroelectric generator in the ditch, the energy of the irrigation water flow is harnessed to generate electricity, providing the necessary power for the entire system. This not only saves energy but also reduces environmental impact. When the water flow is low, water can flow directly through the low-level water channel, ensuring sufficient irrigation water downstream. As the water level rises, the valve plate automatically moves to close this channel, preventing excessive untreated water from flowing downstream and ensuring effective filtration of suspended solids. As the water level changes, the capture frame automatically deploys or retracts. This increases the filtration area and improves suspended solids removal efficiency at high water levels, while reducing resistance and maintaining smooth water flow at low water levels. By placing positive and negative electrode plates on both sides of the device, the electrostatic effect attracts and fixes suspended particles in the water, further enhancing the removal of suspended solids. This method is particularly effective for fine suspended solids that are difficult to remove through physical interception.

[0044] Preferably, a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device 3 is provided in the ditch 1. The bottom of the capture device 3 is pressed against the groove via a sealing rubber pad 4. The top of the capture device 3 is connected to the ditch 1 via expansion bolts on all sides. The capture device 3 is pressed against the sealing rubber pad 4 by tightening the nuts of the expansion bolts. The size of the capture device 3 is designed according to the size of the ditch 1, and a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device 3 is reserved in the ditch 1. The bottom of the capture device 3 is sealed against the sealing rubber pad 4 by abutting against the groove. The expansion bolts on all sides enable the capture device 3 to press the sealing rubber pad 4 against the groove, ensuring the reliability of its sealing installation.

[0045] The capture device is designed according to the specific size and shape of the ditch, ensuring a perfect fit. This eliminates installation difficulties caused by improper dimensions and filtration efficiency compromised by excessive gaps. A sealing gasket rests against a groove in the ditch, effectively preventing water from leaking through the gap between the device and the ditch, ensuring that all passing water is adequately treated. Expansion bolts around the top of the capture device secure it to the ditch. Tightening the nuts adjusts the pressure, ensuring a tighter fit for the gasket, further enhancing the seal. This installation method also allows for maintainability. When the capture device needs to be inspected, cleaned, or replaced, it can be easily removed by loosening the expansion bolts and reinstalled after maintenance is complete. This is a quick and easy process.

[0046] Preferably, a valve cavity 306 is provided at the bottom end of the capture device 3. The valve plate 5 slides up and down in a sealed manner against the valve cavity 306. Fixed bores 305 are fixedly provided on both sides of the end of the capture device 3. A floating buoy 6 is installed within the fixed bore 305. The bottom of the buoy 6 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 5 via a rope. The fixed bore 305 is located above the low-level water passage 301. When the water level exceeds the low-level water passage 301, water enters the fixed bore 305, causing the buoy 6 to rise with the water level. This, in turn, pulls the valve plate 5 via the rope, thereby blocking the low-level water passage 301.

[0047] A valve cavity 306 is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device, and the valve plate 5 can slide up and down in the valve cavity to realize the opening and closing control of the low-level water passage 301. Fixed hole cylinders 305 are fixed on both sides of the end of the capture device, and a floating buoy 6 is provided in the hole cylinder. The bottom of the buoy 6 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 5 by a rope. When the water level rises, the buoy 6 rises accordingly, and the valve plate 5 is pulled upward by the rope. The low-level water passage 301 is provided at the bottom of the capture device. When the water level is low, the water body can pass through the low-level water passage to ensure water for irrigation downstream. When the water level exceeds the height of the low-level water passage, the water body enters the fixed hole cylinder 305, the buoy 6 rises, and the valve plate 5 is pulled by the rope to move, thereby blocking the low-level water passage 301.

[0048] The linkage mechanism of the float and rope automatically responds to water level changes, eliminating the need for manual intervention and improving system reliability and convenience. The valve plate position automatically adjusts according to actual water level changes, adapting to varying water flow conditions and ensuring effective operation of the system in all situations. The valve plate 5 slides up and down within the valve chamber 306, ensuring a tight seal and preventing leakage of untreated water. The simple structure of the float and valve plate facilitates inspection and maintenance, ensuring long-term, stable operation of the system.

[0049] Preferably, the capture frame 302 includes rotating rods 3021 on both sides, a cross bar 3022 is provided between the tops of the rotating rods 3021, and a convex shaft 3023 is provided between the bottoms;

[0050] Connecting rods 309 are provided on both sides of the crossbars 3022 in the multiple capture racks 302. The crossbars 3022 are fixed on the connecting rods 309 via arc-shaped pressure plates 310 for rotation.

[0051] Connecting rod 309 is equipped with multiple floats 304, and biological ropes 303 and synthetic fiber filter material are tied within capture frames 302. Rotating rod 3021, crossbar 3022, and protruding shaft 3023 form a frame, within which biological ropes 303 and synthetic fiber filter material are tied, forming a filter layer. Multiple capture frames 302 are connected by connecting rod 309 and curved pressure plate 310, rotating synchronously to form multiple filter layers, ensuring the capture of suspended solids in the water.

[0052] When water flows through the capture device, it impacts the capture frame 302, causing it to rotate along the convex shaft 3023. Since multiple capture frames are connected by the connecting rod 309 and the arc-shaped pressure plate 310, they rotate synchronously to form multiple filter layers. The float 304 on the connecting rod 309 increases the buoyancy of the capture frame, allowing it to maintain a certain height above the water surface. As the water level changes, the float drives the capture frame up and down, ensuring that the capture frame is always in the optimal filtering position. Through the synchronous rotation of multiple capture frames 302, multiple filter layers are formed. The biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material inside each layer of capture frame can capture and filter suspended matter in the water, improving the filtration effect. The biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material have a high specific surface area and can adsorb and filter suspended matter, organic matter and other impurities in the water, improving the cleanliness of the water.

[0053] Multiple capture frames rotate synchronously, forming a multi-layered filter layer, improving filtration efficiency and ensuring effective removal of suspended solids from the water. The capture frames automatically adjust their position with water level fluctuations through the action of floats 304, ensuring effective operation under varying water levels. The capture frames feature a simple structural design, making them easy to install and maintain. The bio-rope 303 and synthetic filter media can be replaced regularly to ensure consistent filtration results. The capture frames utilize the natural force of the water flow to drive their rotation, eliminating the need for an additional power source and achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0054] Preferably, a pin barrel 7 is fixed to the end of the crossbar 3022, and the end of the pin barrel 7 rests inside the pin barrel 7. A sliding pin shaft 8 is provided inside the pin barrel 7. One end of the pin shaft 8 rests against the interior of the crossbar 3022 via a spring 9, and the other end of the pin shaft 8 rests against and moves within the slide grooves 308 on the inner walls of the capture device 3. The pin shaft 8 compresses the spring 9, so that the capture frame 302 can be installed in the capture device 3, and the pin shaft 8 is stuck in the slide groove 308 and moves.

[0055] When water strikes the capture frame 302, it rotates along the cam 3023, driving the crossbar 3022 and the pin barrel 7 to move together. The pin 8 slides within the chute 308, ensuring smooth movement of the capture frame 302. The elastic force provided by the spring 9 ensures that the pin 8 maintains close contact with the chute 308, preventing the capture frame 302 from falling off during movement.

[0056] Preferably, the slide groove 308 is set along the rotation direction of the capture frame 302, the top of the slide groove 308 is used to limit the capture frame 302 in the unfolded vertical state, and the bottom end is used to limit the capture frame 302 in the folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide groove 308 for the pin shaft 8 to enter and exit.

[0057] When installing the capture frame 302, align the pin 7 at the end of the crossbar 3022 with the bottom end of the slide 308. Push the capture frame 302 into the capture device 3, and the pin 8 slides along the guide slope into the slide 308. Once the pin 8 is fully inserted into the slide 308, the elastic force of the spring 9 will cause the pin 8 to be locked in the slide 308, securing the capture frame 302 in the capture device 3.

[0058] As the water level rises, buoy 6 rises and, through the rope, pulls valve plate 5 to seal low-level water passage 301. Simultaneously, the water impacts capture frame 302, causing it to rotate along cam 3023 and pin 8 to slide upward within chute 308. When capture frame 302 is deployed to its vertical position, pin 8 reaches the top of chute 308, where it is restrained, preventing over-expansion.

[0059] As the water level drops, buoy 6 descends, and valve plate 5 opens low-level water passage 301. Gravity forces the capture frame 302 to fold, and pin 8 slides downward along chute 308. When capture frame 302 folds to a horizontal position, pin 8 reaches the bottom of chute 308, where it is restrained, preventing the capture frame from over-folding.

[0060] Preferably, a square shaft is fixed to the end of the protruding shaft 3023, which abuts against the rotating rod 3021 and is connected thereto. A threaded bolt 10 is provided at the end of the square shaft. The bolt 10 passes through the capture device 3 and rotates against the capture device 3 via a bearing 11. The protruding shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 rotate against the bearing 11 on the capture device 3 via the bolt 10, making their rotation smoother. The protruding shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 have a square shaft and square hole connection structure, enabling them to rotate together. The protruding shaft 3023 has a raised side that abuts against the capture device 3 during rotation, achieving a seal and preventing the escape of suspended matter.

[0061] Insert the square shaft of the convex shaft 3023 into the square hole of the rotating rod 3021 to ensure that the two can rotate together. Thread the bolt 10 onto the end of the square shaft, pass it through the capture device 3 and install it on the bearing 11 to ensure that the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 can rotate smoothly. When the water flow hits the capture frame 302, the rotating rod 3021 and the convex shaft 3023 rotate together along the bearing 11. The use of the bearing 11 reduces friction and ensures smooth rotation. The protrusion on one side of the convex shaft 3023 abuts against the capture device 3 during rotation, forming a seal to prevent suspended matter from escaping from the rotating part.

[0062] The use of bearing 11 reduces friction between the cam 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 during rotation, ensuring smooth rotation and extending the service life of the device. The raised design on one side of the cam 3023 can abut against the capture device 3 during rotation, forming an effective seal to prevent suspended matter from escaping from the rotating part and ensure the filtering effect. The connection structure of the square shaft and the square hole ensures the synchronous rotation of the cam 3023 and the rotating rod 3021, improving the stability and reliability of the structure. The threaded connection design of the bolt 10 makes the installation and removal of the cam 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 very convenient, facilitating daily maintenance and overhaul. This design can adapt to capture racks of different sizes and shapes, ensuring effective operation under various water level conditions.

[0063] Preferably, the hydroelectric generator 2 is electrically connected to the electrode plate 307 via a transformer. The hydroelectric generator 2 is installed within the ditch 1 and generates electricity by utilizing the impact of the water flow. The transformer converts the electricity generated by the hydroelectric generator into a voltage and current suitable for the electrode plate 307. The electrode plate 307 comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, respectively, located on either side of the capture device 3 to absorb suspended matter in the water.

[0064] Hydroelectric generators utilize the kinetic energy of flowing water to generate electricity, eliminating the need for an external power source. This achieves energy self-sufficiency and reduces operating costs. A transformer converts the electricity generated by the hydroelectric generator into a voltage and current suitable for the electrode plates, ensuring efficient operation and improving energy efficiency. The electrode plates absorb suspended matter in the water through an electrostatic field, further enhancing water purification and ensuring the cleanliness of irrigation water. The entire system utilizes the energy of natural water flow, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and complying with environmental and sustainable development requirements. The hydroelectric generator and transformer require relatively simple maintenance, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in combination with Example 1, a method for using a device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water is further described, and the method steps are as follows:

[0067] S1. The upstream gate is opened to release water. Water flows through the hydroelectric generator 2 in the ditch 1 to generate electricity, thereby causing the electrode plate 307 to generate electricity, thereby forming an electrostatic field in the capture device 3;

[0068] S2. When the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water passage 301 at the bottom of the capture device 3, ensuring water for irrigation downstream of the ditch 1;

[0069] S3. When the water level rises due to a strong flow, the buoy 6 rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate 5 to move and block the low-level water passage 301. At the same time, the float 304 also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame 302 to rotate and unfold. With the impact of the water flow, the capture frame 302 can be fully unfolded and upright.

[0070] S4. The vertical capture frame 302 is fully unfolded, and the biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material tied thereto can form a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate 307 can absorb the charged suspended matter.

[0071] S5. After the water level drops, the multiple capture racks 302 rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks 302, which is convenient for centralized cleaning.

[0072] The linkage mechanism between the float and valve plate automatically responds to water level changes without manual intervention, improving system reliability and convenience. The combination of a multi-layer capture rack and an electrostatic field ensures the effective removal of suspended solids from the water, improving water cleanliness. The hydroelectric generator harnesses the kinetic energy of the water flow to generate electricity, achieving energy self-sufficiency and reducing operating costs. The capture rack's deadweight design allows it to automatically stack after the water level drops, facilitating centralized cleaning and simplifying maintenance. The device can adapt to varying water levels, ensuring effective operation in a variety of situations and suitable for a variety of agricultural irrigation scenarios.

[0073] Farmland irrigation: This system is particularly suitable for farmland irrigation, effectively removing suspended matter from water, ensuring the cleanliness of irrigation water and improving the growth quality of crops. Water quality monitoring: Through the adsorption effect of the electrode plates, the suspended matter content in water can be regularly tested, allowing water quality issues to be identified and appropriate measures to be taken. Ecological restoration: This system can also be used for ecological restoration of rivers, lakes, and other water bodies, improving water quality and protecting the ecological environment.

[0074] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water, characterized by: The invention comprises a hydroelectric generator (2) and a capture device (3) arranged in a ditch (1) along the direction of water flow, wherein a low-level water passage (301) is provided at the bottom of the capture device (3), a valve plate (5) that moves as the water level rises is provided at the end of the low-level water passage (301), and the valve plate (5) is used to block the low-level water passage (301), and a plurality of rotating capture racks (302) are provided at the top of the capture device (3), and the rotation and deployment direction of the capture racks (302) is the same as the direction of water flow; A plurality of electrode plates (307) are provided on both sides of the capture device (3), and the electrode plates (307) include a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are respectively provided on both sides of the capture device (3) and are used to absorb suspended matter in the water body; A valve cavity (306) is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device (3), and the valve plate (5) is sealed against and slides up and down in the valve cavity (306). Fixed hole cylinders (305) are fixed on both sides of the end of the capture device (3), and a floating buoy (6) is provided in the fixed hole cylinder (305). The bottom of the buoy (6) is fixedly connected to the valve plate (5) via a rope. The capture frame (302) includes rotating rods (3021) on both sides, a crossbar (3022) is provided between the tops of the rotating rods (3021), and a convex shaft (3023) is provided between the bottoms; Connecting rods (309) are provided on both sides of the crossbars (3022) in the plurality of capture racks (302), and the crossbars (3022) are fixed to the connecting rods (309) via arc-shaped pressing plates (310) for rotation; A plurality of floats (304) are fixedly provided on the connecting rod (309), and a biological rope (303) and a chemical fiber filter material are tied inside the capture frame (302); A pin barrel (7) is fixedly provided at the end of the cross bar (3022), a sliding pin shaft (8) is provided in the pin barrel (7), one end of the pin shaft (8) is pressed against the inside of the cross bar (3022) via a spring (9), and the other end of the pin shaft (8) is pressed against the slide groove (308) on the inner walls of both sides of the capture device (3) and moves; The slide groove (308) is arranged along the rotation direction of the capture frame (302), the top end of the slide groove (308) is used to limit the capture frame (302) in the unfolded vertical state, and the bottom end is used to limit the capture frame (302) in the folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide groove (308) for the pin shaft (8) to enter and exit.

2. The device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove corresponding to the bottom profile of the capture device (3) is provided in the ditch (1), the bottom of the capture device (3) is pressed against the groove via a sealing rubber pad (4), and the top of the capture device (3) is connected to the ditch (1) via expansion bolts. The nuts of the expansion bolts are tightened to press the capture device (3) against the sealing rubber pad (4).

3. The device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A square shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the shaft (3023), the square shaft abutting against the rotating rod (3021) and connected thereto, a threaded bolt (10) is provided at the end of the square shaft, the bolt (10) passes through the capture device (3) and abuts against the capture device (3) through a bearing (11) for rotation.

4. The device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein: The hydroelectric generator (2) is electrically connected to the electrode plate (307) via a transformer.

5. A method for using the device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: S1. The upstream gate is opened to release water, and the water flows through the hydroelectric generator (2) in the ditch (1) to generate electricity, thereby supplying power to the electrode plate (307), thereby forming an electrostatic field in the capture device (3); S2. When the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water passage (301) at the bottom of the capture device (3), ensuring the irrigation water downstream of the ditch (1); S3. When the water level rises due to a large water flow, the buoy (6) rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate (5) to move and block the low-level water passage (301). At the same time, the float (304) also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame (302) to rotate and unfold. With the impact of the water flow, the capture frame (302) can be fully unfolded and vertically erected. S4. The vertical capture frame (302) is fully unfolded and the biological rope (303) and chemical fiber filter material tied thereto are capable of forming a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water body. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate (307) can adsorb charged suspended matter. S5. After the water level drops, the multiple capture racks (302) rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks (302), which is convenient for centralized cleaning.

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