Design quality management method of prefabricated components based on BIM

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building information management technology, and specifically to a prefabricated component design quality management method based on BIM, comprising the following steps: S1: using BIM software to establish a prefabricated component three-dimensional information model with multi-dimensional parameters; S2: using sensors to collect real-time production data during the production of prefabricated components; S3: comparing the production data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model to identify deviations that exceed the set tolerance range; S4: feeding back the identified deviation information to the production link, and adjusting the operating parameters of the production equipment according to the deviation; S5: after the production is completed, confirming whether various indicators meet the requirements; S6: adjusting the design and process standards for subsequent production. The present invention ensures that the accuracy and quality of the prefabricated component production process are continuously improved through real-time data collection, deviation analysis and feedback, optimization suggestion generation and closed-loop management, and realizes the effective combination of design and production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building information management, and in particular to a prefabricated component design quality management method based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the construction industry, the application of prefabricated components in construction has gradually increased. Prefabricated components have many advantages such as saving materials, reducing construction time, and improving building quality. BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology provides a powerful tool for the design and management of prefabricated components. Through BIM technology, construction engineers can establish three-dimensional models in the design stage and integrate multi-dimensional data such as geometric dimensions, material properties, and mechanical properties, so as to effectively coordinate and manage all aspects of design, production, and construction. However, in the actual production process of prefabricated components, the difference between design and actual production, deviations in the production process, and the difficulty of quality control often make it difficult for the final product to fully meet the design requirements. Especially in the manufacture of complex components, the management of geometric accuracy, material properties, and environmental adaptability puts higher requirements on production quality.

[0003] Although the current prefabricated component quality management method can be designed and simulated through the BIM model, how to monitor and compare the actual production data of each dimension with the design parameters in the BIM model in real time during the production process, and timely discover and eliminate deviations, is still a major problem in the existing technology. The existing method lacks a systematic deviation feedback mechanism and closed-loop optimization process, which makes it difficult to correct the accumulated deviations, affecting production quality and efficiency. Therefore, a prefabricated component design quality management method based on BIM technology is urgently needed to solve the problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the present invention provides a prefabricated component design quality management method based on BIM.

[0005] The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: According to project requirements, use BIM software to establish a 3D information model of prefabricated components with multi-dimensional parameters including geometric dimensions, material properties, mechanical properties and production environment requirements, and set initial parameters as a benchmark for data comparison in the subsequent production process;

[0007] S2: During the production process of prefabricated components, sensors are used to collect real-time production data including geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response, and synchronize them with the various dimensional parameters set in the BIM model;

[0008] S3: Compare the production data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model, including geometric accuracy, material performance and physical properties, to identify deviations beyond the set tolerance range and clarify the specific dimensions and locations of the deviation data;

[0009] S4: Feedback the identified deviation information to the production link, and adjust the operating parameters of the production equipment or the production process according to the deviation to gradually eliminate the deviation;

[0010] S5: After production is completed, use testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing on the geometric dimensions, material properties and environmental adaptability of prefabricated components, and make a final comparison between the test results and the initial design parameters in the BIM model. After confirming whether all indicators meet the requirements, record the acceptance data;

[0011] S6: Based on the final test results and the analysis of deviation data during the production process, quality optimization suggestions are generated and fed back to the design stage of the BIM model to adjust the design and process standards of subsequent production, thus forming a closed-loop optimization of quality management.

[0012] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes:

[0013] S11: According to the design requirements of the specific project, determine the geometric dimensions, material types, mechanical performance indicators and production environment constraints of the prefabricated components, and analyze the obtained project requirements to clarify the geometric structure, material type, and stress distribution parameters of the components, which are then input into the BIM software to define the basic design framework;

[0014] S12: using a modeling tool in the BIM software to create a three-dimensional geometric model of the prefabricated component according to the geometric dimensions determined in S11, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model includes length, width, height and geometric features;

[0015] S13: Based on the geometric model, the material properties related to the prefabricated components are input through the BIM software, including the strength grade, elastic modulus, density and corrosion resistance of the material;

[0016] S14: According to the analysis requirements of mechanical properties in S11, use BIM software to set the parameters of bearing capacity, shear strength and deformation performance of prefabricated components;

[0017] S15: Combined with the production conditions of prefabricated components, the parameter requirements of the production environment are input through the BIM software, including environmental data of temperature, humidity and vibration conditions;

[0018] S16: Set initial parameters in the BIM model, including tolerance range, material specifications and processing requirements.

[0019] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes:

[0020] S21: Multiple high-precision sensors are arranged in the working environment of prefabricated component production, including laser measurement sensors for collecting geometric dimensions, material stress sensors for detecting material properties, temperature sensors for monitoring the production environment temperature, and strain gauges for capturing mechanical responses;

[0021] S22: During the component production process, laser measurement sensors are used to collect the geometric dimensions of components in real time, including length, width and height; material stress sensors are used to detect the physical properties of materials in real time, including hardness, strength and elastic modulus; temperature sensors are used to monitor the real-time temperature of the production environment; strain gauges are used to collect stress and deformation response data of prefabricated components in real time;

[0022] S23: Integrate all collected production data and synchronize them with the initial setting parameters of each dimension in the BIM model to ensure the consistency of data synchronization.

[0023] Optionally, the S23 specifically includes:

[0024] S231: Preprocessing the geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response data collected by each sensor, specifically including filtering the noise data and unifying the data sampling frequency;

[0025] S232: Convert the pre-processed dimensional data into a unified format, including geometric dimensions, material properties, temperature and stress, and unify the units and dimensions according to the initial parameter standards set by the BIM model;

[0026] S233: Based on the formatted data, use matrix operations to integrate data of different dimensions;

[0027] S234: The integrated real-time data is compared item by item with the initial setting parameters in the BIM model, and the deviation is detected by the difference calculation formula, which is: ΔP=P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 P is the production data collected in real time. 初始 is the initial setting parameter in the BIM model, and ΔP is the deviation between the two. The calculation of the deviation value includes the difference in geometric dimensions, the error in material properties, and the difference in ambient temperature and mechanical response. If the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance range, it is marked as abnormal data.

[0028] S235: The data after the deviation calculation is updated to the BIM model through the data interface, and the initial setting value of the production data and the design model is synchronized in real time.

[0029] Optionally, the S3 specifically includes:

[0030] S31: Compare the real-time geometric data of the component collected by the laser measurement sensor with the initial geometric size parameters set in the BIM model, including length, width and height; specifically, by using the geometric difference calculation formula: ΔG=G 实时 -G 初始 , where G 实时 is the geometric size collected, G 初始 is the geometric parameter in the BIM model, and ΔG is the geometric deviation. If the deviation ΔG exceeds the set tolerance range, the abnormal position of the geometric data is marked, and the deviation value and corresponding coordinates are recorded.

[0031] S32: Compare the material physical property data collected in real time by the material stress sensor with the material design standards in the BIM model, including the material's tensile strength, hardness and elastic modulus; calculate the material property deviation using the formula: ΔM=M 实时 -M 初始 , where M 实时 is the real-time material properties, M 初始 Set parameters for materials in the BIM model. If the deviation ΔM exceeds the set tolerance range, mark the material performance data as abnormal and associate it with the corresponding component position;

[0032] S33: Compare the physical data collected by the environmental sensor and the strain gauge, using the physical property deviation calculation formula: ΔP = P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 is real-time physical property data, P 初始 For the environmental and stress parameters set in the BIM model, if the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance, the physical property data is marked and associated with the production conditions of the specific component;

[0033] S34: Through the above comparison process, when a deviation is found, the deviation data is classified according to dimensions, including geometric deviation, material deviation and physical property deviation, and the specific position of the deviation is automatically located through the coordinate system of the BIM model. The position of each deviation is represented by three-dimensional coordinates: position = (x, y, z);

[0034] S35: According to the set tolerance range, the deviation values ​​ΔG, ΔM and ΔP of each dimension are subjected to tolerance judgment. If the deviation exceeds the set tolerance range, a warning will be automatically generated, and the specific deviation type, size, dimension and position will be recorded.

[0035] Optionally, the S4 specifically includes:

[0036] S41: Feedback the deviation information on geometry, material or physical properties identified through data comparison to the central control unit, and automatically classify and prioritize each deviation, giving priority to deviations with great impact, including geometric dimensions exceeding the tolerance range or material properties significantly deviating from the design standard;

[0037] S42: Based on the feedback deviation information, the production control unit makes parameter adjustment decisions according to the preset adjustment strategy. Specifically, for geometric dimension deviation, the tool path or processing speed of the CNC processing equipment is automatically adjusted; for material property deviation, the material ratio or heating temperature of the equipment is adjusted; for physical property deviation, the process conditions of temperature and humidity of the environmental control equipment are adjusted;

[0038] S43: After adjusting the equipment operating parameters, monitor the adjusted production situation in real time, and collect the newly generated data for comparison to confirm whether the adjusted process has effectively corrected the deviation;

[0039] S44: After the deviations are gradually eliminated and the corrections are confirmed to be effective, the final production data is compared with the design parameters in the BIM model for the last time to ensure that the deviations in all dimensions are within the allowable tolerance range.

[0040] Optionally, the S41 specifically includes:

[0041] S411: Preliminary screening of all deviation information fed back in real time, classification based on deviation type, and classification of each deviation into a corresponding category. The data recorded for each deviation includes the deviation type T i , Deviation value ΔP i And the deviation position L i ;

[0042] S412: According to the type of each deviation, calculate its impact on the overall quality of the prefabricated component. The impact is measured by the percentage of the deviation value relative to the design tolerance. The preset deviation impact coefficient is I i , the calculation formula is: Among them, ΔP i is the deviation value, and the tolerance range is the deviation range allowed by the corresponding parameter. The larger the influence coefficient, the more serious the impact of the deviation on the component quality.

[0043] S413: According to the deviation influence coefficient I i , classifying deviations into different levels of categories, including major deviations, moderate deviations, and minor deviations;

[0044] S414: According to the impact degree of the classified deviations, the deviations are sorted using a priority sorting algorithm. The basis for the priority sorting is the impact coefficient I i and the position where the deviation occurs L iSpecifically, the priority coefficient P of the deviation is calculated by the following formula: i , the formula is: in, is the weight coefficient of the deviation position, the priority coefficient P i The higher the value, the greater the impact of the corresponding deviation on the entire production process, and it needs to be dealt with first;

[0045] S415: According to the priority coefficient P i , sort all deviations from high to low priority and generate a priority list.

[0046] Optionally, the S5 specifically includes:

[0047] S51: After production is completed, configure the testing equipment, including laser scanners, material testing equipment, and environmental testing equipment, according to the initial parameters set in the BIM model;

[0048] S52: Use a laser scanner to accurately scan the length L, width W, height H and surface of the component, and record the geometric data of each measuring point; use material testing equipment to test the tensile strength σ, hardness H and elastic modulus E to obtain the actual physical performance data of the material; test the temperature tolerance T and humidity tolerance R of the component in a simulated environment, and record the response of the component under the predetermined environment;

[0049] S53: transmitting all the inspection data to the central data processing unit through the data interface and formatting them into units and formats matching the initial design parameters of the BIM model;

[0050] S54: Compare the actual test data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model one by one, and calculate the deviation. The comparison formula is: ΔV=V 实测 -V 设计 , V 实测 Indicates the actual value measured during the detection process, V 设计 It represents the preset design value in the BIM model, and ΔV is the difference between the two. The dimensions compared include geometric parameters L, W, H, material parameters σ, H, E, and environmental parameters T, R. Any deviation ΔV beyond the preset tolerance range will be marked;

[0051] S55: Evaluate the comparison results. Mark the parameters that meet the standards as qualified. For the parameters that do not meet the standards, record the deviation value ΔV and the position of the components affected, and generate a quality report, which includes qualified items, deviation items and improvement suggestions.

[0052] Optionally, the S6 specifically includes:

[0053] S61: After production is completed, all test results and deviation data ΔV recorded during the production process are recorded. i Summarize and classify by dimension; determine the frequency and size of deviation by analyzing the deviation data of each dimension, and use the following formula to calculate the average deviation of each dimension The formula is: Where, ΔV i,k is the deviation of the i-th dimension in the k-th test, n is the number of tests, and the deviation mean and standard deviation are used to determine whether there are systematic problems in each dimension and identify common deviation trends;

[0054] S62: Generate optimization suggestions based on the deviation trend analyzed in S61;

[0055] S63: Feedback optimization suggestions to the design stage of the BIM model through the data interface to directly update design parameters and process standards;

[0056] S64: Adjust the subsequent design standards and process flow in the BIM model based on the optimization suggestions fed back. The updated BIM model will apply new design parameters and process standards in subsequent production.

[0057] Optionally, the updating of the design parameters and process standards in S63 specifically adjusts the tolerance range of the geometric dimensions, material specifications and environmental conditions according to the optimization suggestion, and the formula is: 新设计 =P 初始 +ΔP 优化 , where P 新设计 P is the design parameter adjusted according to the optimization suggestion. 初始 is the original parameter in the BIM model, ΔP 优化 This is the correction value in the optimization suggestion.

[0058] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0059] The present invention can quickly identify deviations by collecting multi-dimensional data such as geometric dimensions, material properties and environmental adaptability in real time during the production process, and synchronously comparing them with the design parameters in the BIM model. It can effectively reduce the accumulation of production deviations through real-time feedback of deviation information and automatic adjustment of equipment parameters or process flow. This method ensures a high degree of consistency between the production process and design requirements, and greatly improves the production accuracy and quality control level of prefabricated components.

[0060] The present invention can generate targeted quality optimization suggestions through comprehensive analysis of test results and production deviation data, and feed back the optimization results to the BIM model design stage, forming a closed-loop optimization process of design and production. This closed-loop system not only improves production efficiency, but also effectively reduces the rework rate caused by deviations, ensuring continuous improvement in subsequent production, thereby realizing quality management optimization throughout the life cycle of prefabricated components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a prefabricated component design quality management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the steps for synchronizing parameters of various dimensions according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0066] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0067] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method includes the following steps:

[0068] S1: According to project requirements, use BIM software to establish a 3D information model of prefabricated components with multi-dimensional parameters including geometric dimensions, material properties, mechanical properties and production environment requirements, and set initial parameters as a benchmark for data comparison in the subsequent production process;

[0069] S2: During the production process of prefabricated components, sensors are used to collect real-time production data including geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response, and synchronized with the various dimensional parameters set in the BIM model to ensure that the production data is always consistent with the design standards;

[0070] S3: Compare the production data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model, including geometric accuracy, material performance and physical properties, to identify deviations beyond the set tolerance range and clarify the specific dimensions and locations of the deviation data;

[0071] S4: Feedback the identified deviation information to the production link, and adjust the operating parameters of the production equipment or the production process according to the deviation to gradually eliminate the deviation and make the actual production data consistent with the design requirements in the BIM model;

[0072] S5: After production is completed, use testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing on the geometric dimensions, material properties and environmental adaptability of prefabricated components, and make a final comparison between the test results and the initial design parameters in the BIM model. After confirming whether each indicator meets the requirements, record the acceptance data for subsequent maintenance and quality traceability;

[0073] S6: Based on the final test results and the analysis of deviation data during the production process, quality optimization suggestions are generated and fed back to the design stage of the BIM model to adjust the design and process standards of subsequent production, thus forming a closed-loop optimization of quality management.

[0074] S1 specifically includes:

[0075] S11: According to the design requirements of the specific project, determine the geometric dimensions, material types, mechanical performance indicators and production environment constraints of the prefabricated components, and analyze the obtained project requirements to clarify the geometric structure, material type, and stress distribution parameters of the components, which are then input into the BIM software to define the basic design framework;

[0076] S12: Using the modeling tools in the BIM software, create a three-dimensional geometric model of the prefabricated component according to the geometric dimensions determined in S11. The three-dimensional geometric model includes length, width, height and geometric features to ensure that all design dimensions accurately correspond to the requirements of the project and provide accurate dimensional basis for subsequent production;

[0077] S13: Based on the geometric model, the material properties related to the prefabricated components are input through the BIM software, including the material strength grade, elastic modulus, density and corrosion resistance. The set material properties must meet the material specification requirements of the project and be associated with the mechanical performance parameters to ensure that the material selection matches the actual application conditions;

[0078] S14: According to the mechanical performance analysis requirements in S11, use BIM software to set the parameters of the bearing capacity, shear strength and deformation performance of the prefabricated components to ensure that the model can reflect the mechanical performance in the expected use environment. The setting of mechanical performance parameters is directly combined with material properties and geometric models to provide a basis for subsequent quality management and performance verification;

[0079] S15: Combined with the production conditions of prefabricated components, the parameter requirements of the production environment are input through the BIM software, including environmental data that affect the performance of components, such as temperature, humidity, and vibration conditions, to ensure that these data are accurately reflected in the model for monitoring and comparison in the subsequent production stage;

[0080] S16: According to the project design specifications and production process requirements, set the initial parameters in the BIM model, including tolerance range, material specifications and processing technology requirements. The tolerance range is set to control the error of geometric dimensions in the production process; the material specification is set to ensure that the actual materials used are consistent with the design, and the process requirements are used to ensure that the operating conditions in the production process meet the design standards; through the above steps, the three-dimensional information model of prefabricated components that meet the project requirements can be accurately established in the BIM software to ensure that the geometric dimensions, material properties, mechanical properties and production environment parameters are coordinated with each other, and the initial parameter setting provides an accurate basis for subsequent production and quality management, thereby greatly improving the production consistency and quality control accuracy of prefabricated components.

[0081] The real-time production data collected in S2 specifically includes:

[0082] S21: Arrange multiple high-precision sensors in the working environment of prefabricated component production, including laser measurement sensors for collecting geometric dimensions, material stress sensors for detecting material properties, temperature sensors for monitoring the production environment temperature, and strain gauges for capturing mechanical responses; ensure that the sensor installation positions cover the key areas of the components to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection;

[0083] S22: During the component production process, the laser measurement sensor is used to collect the geometric dimensions of the component in real time, including length, width and height. The collected geometric data is transmitted to the central data processing unit through the digital interface of the sensor for real-time recording, and it is ensured that the data corresponds to the geometric dimension parameters in the BIM model; the material stress sensor is used to detect the physical properties of the material in real time, including the hardness, strength and elastic modulus of the material. Through the sensor interface, these material property data are transmitted to the BIM model for synchronization to ensure that the material remains within the set specification range during the production process. Any data that deviates from the standard will be marked; the temperature sensor is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the production environment, and record and compare it with the environmental parameters set in the BIM model to ensure that the production environment conditions meet the preset requirements. If the temperature exceeds the specified range, the alarm mechanism is triggered in real time, and the temperature data is synchronized and updated to the BIM model for subsequent quality control and analysis; the strain gauge is used to collect the stress and deformation response data of the prefabricated component in real time, and the strain data is transmitted to the data processing unit through the sensor interface. It is synchronously compared with the mechanical performance parameters in the BIM model to ensure that the actual mechanical response meets the design requirements and any mechanical abnormalities are discovered in time;

[0084] S23: Integrate all collected production data and synchronize them with the initial set parameters of each dimension in the BIM model to ensure the consistency of data synchronization; through the reasonable layout of the sensor network and high-precision data acquisition, the geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response data of the prefabricated components in the production process can be obtained in real time, and all collected data can be synchronized with the set parameters in the BIM model, so as to monitor the production quality in real time, discover and correct deviations in time, and improve the data consistency and precision management in the production process.

[0085] The synchronization process in S23 specifically includes:

[0086] S231: Preprocessing the geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response data collected by each sensor, including filtering the noise data and unifying the data sampling frequency. For the geometric dimension data, a low-pass filter is used to remove high-frequency noise; for the material stress data and strain data, a Kalman filter algorithm is used to perform dynamic adjustment to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the data;

[0087] S232: Convert the pre-processed dimensional data into a unified format, including geometric dimensions (meters), material properties (Pascals), temperature (Celsius) and stress (Newtons / square meter), and unify the units and dimensions according to the initial parameter standards set by the BIM model to ensure that all data have the same scale for comparison;

[0088] S233: Based on the formatted data, use matrix operations to integrate data of different dimensions, specifically converting the geometric dimension data D g , Material stress data D m , Ambient temperature data D t and mechanical response data D s Combine into a multidimensional data vector:

[0089] D=[D g , D m , D t , D s ];

[0090] D = [L, W, H, σ, E, T, ∈], where L, W, H represent the length, width and height of the component, σ is the material strength, E is the elastic modulus, T is the temperature, and ∈ is the strain of the component. The multidimensional data vector is stored in the database and synchronized with the BIM model;

[0091] S234: The integrated real-time data is compared item by item with the initial setting parameters in the BIM model, and the deviation is detected by the difference calculation formula, which is: ΔP=P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 P is the production data collected in real time. 初始 is the initial setting parameter in the BIM model, and ΔP is the deviation between the two. The calculation of the deviation value includes the difference in geometric dimensions, the error in material properties, and the difference in ambient temperature and mechanical response. If the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance range, it is marked as abnormal data.

[0092] S235: Update the data after deviation calculation to the BIM model through the data interface, and synchronize the initial setting value of the production data and the design model in real time; if the deviation value is within the tolerance range, directly update the model; if the deviation exceeds the tolerance range, trigger the warning mechanism, and send adjustment suggestions to the production link to ensure that the data in the subsequent production process can continue to be synchronized with the BIM model; through the preprocessing, format conversion, integration and real-time synchronization of the collected data with the BIM model, the accuracy and consistency of data in various dimensions during the production process are ensured, especially in the deviation calculation and synchronization processing links, through clear calculation formulas and synchronization mechanisms, deviation problems in production can be discovered and corrected in real time, greatly improving the controllability of production data and the real-time nature of model updates.

[0093] S3 specifically includes:

[0094] S31: Compare the real-time geometric data of the component collected by the laser measurement sensor with the initial geometric size parameters set in the BIM model, including length, width and height; specifically, by using the geometric difference calculation formula: ΔG=G 实时 -G 初始 , where G 实时 is the geometric size collected, G 初始 is the geometric parameter in the BIM model, and ΔG is the geometric deviation. If the deviation ΔG exceeds the set tolerance range, the abnormal position of the geometric data is marked, and the deviation value and corresponding coordinates are recorded.

[0095] S32: Compare the material physical property data collected in real time by the material stress sensor with the material design standards in the BIM model, including the material's tensile strength, hardness and elastic modulus; calculate the material property deviation using the formula: ΔM=M 实时 -N 初始 , where M 实时 is the real-time material properties, M 初始 Set parameters for materials in the BIM model. If the deviation ΔM exceeds the set tolerance range, mark the material performance data as abnormal and associate it with the corresponding component position;

[0096] S33: Compare the physical data (such as ambient temperature, stress response and deformation data) collected by the environmental sensor and the strain gauge, using the physical property deviation calculation formula: ΔP = P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 is real-time physical property data, P 初始 For the environmental and stress parameters set in the BIM model, if the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance, the physical property data is marked and associated with the production conditions of the specific component;

[0097] S34: Through the above comparison process, when a deviation is found, the deviation data is classified according to dimensions, including geometric deviation, material deviation and physical property deviation, and the specific position of the deviation is automatically located through the coordinate system of the BIM model. The position of each deviation is represented by three-dimensional coordinates: position = (x, y, z) and is associated with the corresponding part of the component in the BIM model, ensuring that each deviation has a clear dimension and position identification;

[0098] S35: According to the set tolerance range, the deviation values ​​ΔG, ΔM and ΔP of each dimension are judged for tolerance. If the deviation exceeds the set tolerance range, a warning will be automatically generated, and the specific deviation type, size, dimension and position will be recorded, and the information will be fed back to the production control system for adjustment. Through the above method, it is possible to effectively achieve multi-dimensional precise comparison between real-time production data and initial design parameters in the BIM model, and automatically detect deviations in geometric accuracy, material properties and physical properties. At the same time, through clear calculation formulas and technology for automatically identifying deviation positions, abnormal problems can be quickly identified and located, ensuring that quality control in the production process is more efficient and accurate, and providing specific adjustment basis.

[0099] S4 specifically includes:

[0100] S41: Feedback the deviation information on geometry, material or physical properties identified through data comparison to the central control unit, and automatically classify and prioritize each deviation, giving priority to deviations with greater impact, including geometric dimensions exceeding the tolerance range or material properties significantly deviating from the design standard; the feedback data includes the type, size and specific location of the deviation to ensure that the information is accurately transmitted to the production control system;

[0101] S42: Based on the feedback deviation information, the production control unit makes parameter adjustment decisions according to the preset adjustment strategy. Specifically, for geometric dimension deviation, the tool path or processing speed of the CNC processing equipment is automatically adjusted; for material property deviation, the material ratio or heating temperature of the equipment is adjusted; for physical property deviation, the process conditions of temperature and humidity of the environmental control equipment are adjusted. The adjustment decision is based on the feedback specific deviation data and is executed through the automated control algorithm;

[0102] S43: After adjusting the equipment operating parameters, the adjusted production situation is monitored in real time, and the newly generated data is collected for comparison to confirm whether the adjusted process has effectively corrected the deviation. If the adjustment does not achieve the expected effect, the system will continue to adjust the relevant process parameters until the deviation returns to the set tolerance range. Each adjustment result is fed back to the BIM model to synchronously update the current production status;

[0103] S44: After the deviation is gradually eliminated and the correction is confirmed to be effective, the final production data is compared with the design parameters in the BIM model for the last time to ensure that the deviations in all dimensions are within the allowable tolerance range. The deviation correction process and the final results are recorded in the quality management database to form traceable production process data for subsequent quality analysis and improvement. Through the above method, it is possible to achieve effective feedback and gradual elimination of deviation information in the production process, ensure that the operating parameters of the production equipment are automatically adjusted according to the real-time deviation information, gradually eliminate the deviation, and ensure that the production quality meets the design requirements. The real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism of the deviation correction process improves production accuracy, reduces quality risks in production, and provides strong data support for subsequent production optimization.

[0104] S41 specifically includes:

[0105] S411: Preliminary screening of all deviation information fed back in real time, classification based on deviation type (such as geometric deviation, material performance deviation, physical property deviation), and classification of each deviation into a corresponding category. The data recorded for each deviation includes the deviation type T i , Deviation value ΔP i And the deviation position L i ,After the initial screening, the deviation data is stored in the ,corresponding classification database;

[0106] S412: According to the type of each deviation, calculate its impact on the overall quality of the prefabricated component. The impact is measured by the percentage of the deviation value relative to the design tolerance. The preset deviation impact coefficient is I i , the calculation formula is: Among them, ΔP i is the deviation value, and the tolerance range is the deviation range allowed by the corresponding parameter. The larger the influence coefficient, the more serious the impact of the deviation on the component quality.

[0107] S413: According to the deviation influence coefficient I i , classifying deviations into different levels, including major deviations, moderate deviations, and minor deviations; among which major deviations I i >50%, which directly affects the overall quality and safety of the component; moderate deviation 20%≤I i ≤50%, indicating a significant impact on local performance; slight deviation I i <20%, indicating that the overall impact on the component is small but still needs to be corrected;

[0108] S414: According to the impact degree of the classified deviations, the deviations are sorted using a priority sorting algorithm. The basis for the priority sorting is the impact coefficient I i and the position where the deviation occurs L iSpecifically, the priority coefficient P of the deviation is calculated by the following formula: i , the formula is: in, is the weight coefficient of the deviation position. A higher weight is set for the deviation of the key position (for example, the deviation weight of the load-bearing component or the key interface is larger). The priority coefficient P i The higher the value, the greater the impact of the corresponding deviation on the entire production process, and it needs to be dealt with first;

[0109] S415: According to the priority coefficient P i The size of all deviations is sorted from high to low priority to generate a priority list. The deviations in the list are arranged in order of classification and priority to ensure that major deviations are handled first, and moderate and minor deviations are adjusted in turn according to actual production conditions. Through the above steps, it is possible to automatically classify the deviation information found in the production process and prioritize it according to the degree and location of the deviation. The algorithm ensures that major deviations that affect the quality and safety of components in the production process are handled first, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of quality management and reducing production risks caused by delayed handling of major issues.

[0110] S5 specifically includes:

[0111] S51: After production is completed, configure the testing equipment, including laser scanners, material testing equipment, and environmental testing equipment, according to the initial parameters set in the BIM model;

[0112] S52: Use a laser scanner to accurately scan the length L, width W, height H and surface of the component, and record the geometric data of each measuring point; use material testing equipment to test the tensile strength σ, hardness H and elastic modulus E to obtain the actual physical performance data of the material; test the temperature tolerance T and humidity tolerance R of the component in a simulated environment, and record the response of the component under the predetermined environment;

[0113] S53: All test data are transmitted to the central data processing unit through the data interface and formatted into units and formats that match the initial design parameters of the BIM model. Specific geometric data, material performance data, and environmental adaptability data are all converted into standard engineering units to ensure consistency with the BIM model;

[0114] S54: Compare the actual test data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model one by one, and calculate the deviation. The comparison formula is: ΔV=V 实测 -V 设计 , V 实测 Indicates the actual value measured during the detection process, V 设计It represents the preset design value in the BIM model, and ΔV is the difference between the two. The dimensions compared include geometric parameters L, W, H, material parameters σ, H, E, and environmental parameters T, R. Any deviation ΔV beyond the preset tolerance range will be marked;

[0115] S55: Evaluate the comparison results. Mark the parameters that meet the standards as qualified. For the parameters that do not meet the standards, record the deviation value ΔV and the location of the components affected, and generate a quality report. The report includes qualified items, deviation items and improvement suggestions for use by the quality control department and the design team. Through multi-dimensional testing and detailed comparison, a comprehensive quality assessment is achieved after the production is completed. All test data are accurately compared with the design parameters in the BIM model to ensure the consistency of production results with design standards, so as to identify and correct potential problems in a timely manner, and effectively improve the production quality of components and their adaptability in the environment.

[0116] S6 specifically includes:

[0117] S61: After production is completed, all test results and deviation data ΔV recorded during the production process are recorded. i Summarize and classify by dimension (geometric size, material performance, environmental adaptability); determine the frequency and size of deviation by analyzing the deviation data of each dimension, and use the following formula to calculate the average deviation of each dimension The formula is: Where, ΔV i,k is the deviation of the i-th dimension in the k-th test, n is the number of tests, and the deviation mean and standard deviation are used to determine whether there are systematic problems in each dimension and identify common deviation trends;

[0118] S62: Generate optimization suggestions based on the deviation trend analyzed in S61;

[0119] Specific suggestions are as follows:

[0120] For geometrical dimension deviations, if the average value of the deviations is Continuously deviate from the design value, optimization suggestions include adjusting the accuracy or tool path of the CNC machining equipment;

[0121] For deviations in material properties, it is recommended to optimize material ratios or production process parameters (such as heating temperature or cooling time);

[0122] For environmental adaptability, it is recommended to adjust the temperature and humidity range of the environmental control equipment. All optimization suggestions are generated in a standardized format, including deviation type, impact level, improvement suggestions and expected effects.

[0123] S63: Feedback optimization suggestions to the design stage of the BIM model through the data interface to directly update design parameters and process standards;

[0124] S64: According to the optimization suggestions fed back, the subsequent design standards and process flow in the BIM model are adjusted. The updated BIM model will apply new design parameters and process standards in subsequent production to ensure that the production process is carried out in accordance with the optimized standards and reduce the occurrence of deviations.

[0125] The updated design parameters and process standards in S63 are specifically adjusted according to the optimization suggestions for the tolerance range of geometric dimensions, material specifications and environmental conditions. The formula is: 新设计 =P 初始 +ΔP 优化 , where P 新设计 P is the design parameter adjusted according to the optimization suggestion. 初始 is the original parameter in the BIM model, ΔP 优化 This is the correction value in the optimization suggestion.

[0126] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0127] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: According to project requirements, use BIM software to establish a 3D information model of prefabricated components with multi-dimensional parameters including geometric dimensions, material properties, mechanical properties and production environment requirements, and set initial parameters as a benchmark for data comparison in the subsequent production process; S2: During the production process of prefabricated components, sensors are used to collect real-time production data including geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response, and synchronize them with the various dimensional parameters set in the BIM model; S3: Compare the production data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model, including geometric accuracy, material performance and physical properties, to identify deviations beyond the set tolerance range and clarify the specific dimensions and locations of the deviation data; S4: Feedback the identified deviation information to the production link, and adjust the operating parameters of the production equipment or the production process according to the deviation to gradually eliminate the deviation; The S4 specifically includes: S41: Feedback the deviation information on geometry, material or physical properties identified through data comparison to the central control unit, and automatically classify and prioritize each deviation, giving priority to deviations with great impact, including geometric dimensions exceeding the tolerance range or material properties significantly deviating from the design standard; S42: Based on the feedback deviation information, the production control unit makes parameter adjustment decisions according to the preset adjustment strategy. Specifically, for geometric dimension deviation, the tool path or processing speed of the CNC processing equipment is automatically adjusted; for material property deviation, the material ratio or heating temperature of the equipment is adjusted; for physical property deviation, the process conditions of temperature and humidity of the environmental control equipment are adjusted; S43: After adjusting the equipment operating parameters, monitor the adjusted production situation in real time, and collect the newly generated data for comparison to confirm whether the adjusted process has effectively corrected the deviation; S44: After the deviations are gradually eliminated and the corrections are confirmed to be effective, the final production data is compared with the design parameters in the BIM model for the last time to ensure that the deviations in all dimensions are within the allowable tolerance range; The S41 specifically includes: S411: Preliminary screening of all deviation information fed back in real time, classification based on deviation type, and classification of each deviation into a corresponding category. The data recorded for each deviation includes the deviation type T i , Deviation value ΔP i And the deviation position L i ; S412: According to the type of each deviation, calculate its impact on the overall quality of the prefabricated component. The impact is measured by the percentage of the deviation value relative to the design tolerance. The preset deviation impact coefficient is I i , the calculation formula is: Among them, ΔP i is the deviation value, and the tolerance range is the deviation range allowed by the corresponding parameter. The larger the influence coefficient, the more serious the impact of the deviation on the component quality. S413: According to the deviation influence coefficient I i , classifying deviations into different levels of categories, including major deviations, moderate deviations, and minor deviations; S414: According to the impact degree of the classified deviations, the deviations are sorted using a priority sorting algorithm. The basis for the priority sorting is the impact coefficient I i and the position where the deviation occurs L i Specifically, the priority coefficient P of the deviation is calculated by the following formula: i , the formula is: in, is the weight coefficient of the deviation position, the priority coefficient P i The higher the value, the greater the impact of the corresponding deviation on the entire production process, and it needs to be dealt with first; S415: According to the priority coefficient P i According to the size of , sort all deviations from high to low priority to generate a priority list; S5: After production is completed, use testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing on the geometric dimensions, material properties and environmental adaptability of prefabricated components, and make a final comparison between the test results and the initial design parameters in the BIM model. After confirming whether all indicators meet the requirements, record the acceptance data; S6: Based on the final test results and the analysis of deviation data during the production process, quality optimization suggestions are generated and fed back to the design stage of the BIM model to adjust the design and process standards of subsequent production, thus forming a closed-loop optimization of quality management.

2. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 specifically includes: S11: According to the design requirements of the specific project, determine the geometric dimensions, material types, mechanical performance indicators and production environment constraints of the prefabricated components, and analyze the obtained project requirements to clarify the geometric structure, material type, and stress distribution parameters of the components, which are then input into the BIM software to define the basic design framework; S12: using a modeling tool in the BIM software to create a three-dimensional geometric model of the prefabricated component according to the geometric dimensions determined in S11, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model includes length, width, height and geometric features; S13: Based on the geometric model, the material properties related to the prefabricated components are input through the BIM software, including the strength grade, elastic modulus, density and corrosion resistance of the material; S14: According to the analysis requirements of mechanical properties in S11, use BIM software to set the parameters of bearing capacity, shear strength and deformation performance of prefabricated components; S15: Combined with the production conditions of prefabricated components, the parameter requirements of the production environment are input through the BIM software, including environmental data of temperature, humidity and vibration conditions; S16: Set initial parameters in the BIM model, including tolerance range, material specifications and processing requirements.

3. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21: Multiple high-precision sensors are arranged in the working environment of prefabricated component production, including laser measurement sensors for collecting geometric dimensions, material stress sensors for detecting material properties, temperature sensors for monitoring the production environment temperature, and strain gauges for capturing mechanical responses; S22: During the component production process, laser measurement sensors are used to collect the geometric dimensions of components in real time, including length, width and height; material stress sensors are used to detect the physical properties of materials in real time, including hardness, strength and elastic modulus; temperature sensors are used to monitor the real-time temperature of the production environment; strain gauges are used to collect stress and deformation response data of prefabricated components in real time; S23: Integrate all collected production data and synchronize them with the initial setting parameters of each dimension in the BIM model to ensure the consistency of data synchronization.

4. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The S23 specifically includes: S231: Preprocessing the geometric dimensions, material properties, ambient temperature and mechanical response data collected by each sensor, specifically including filtering the noise data and unifying the data sampling frequency; S232: Convert the pre-processed dimensional data into a unified format, including geometric dimensions, material properties, temperature and stress, and unify the units and dimensions according to the initial parameter standards set by the BIM model; S233: Based on the formatted data, use matrix operations to integrate data of different dimensions; S234: The integrated real-time data is compared item by item with the initial setting parameters in the BIM model, and the deviation is detected by the difference calculation formula, which is: ΔP=P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 P is the production data collected in real time. 初始 is the initial setting parameter in the BIM model, and ΔP is the deviation between the two. The calculation of the deviation value includes the difference in geometric dimensions, the error in material properties, and the difference in ambient temperature and mechanical response. If the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance range, it is marked as abnormal data. S235: The data after the deviation calculation is updated to the BIM model through the data interface, and the initial setting value of the production data and the design model is synchronized in real time.

5. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31: Compare the real-time geometric data of the component collected by the laser measurement sensor with the initial geometric size parameters set in the BIM model, including length, width and height; specifically, by using the geometric difference calculation formula: ΔG=G 实时 -G 初始 , where G 实时 is the geometric size collected, G 初始 is the geometric parameter in the BIM model, and ΔG is the geometric deviation. If the deviation ΔG exceeds the set tolerance range, the abnormal position of the geometric data is marked, and the deviation value and corresponding coordinates are recorded. S32: Compare the material physical property data collected in real time by the material stress sensor with the material design standards in the BIM model, including the material's tensile strength, hardness and elastic modulus; calculate the material property deviation using the formula: ΔM=M 实时 -M 初始 , where M 实时 is the real-time material properties, M 初始 Set parameters for materials in the BIM model. If the deviation ΔM exceeds the set tolerance range, mark the material performance data as abnormal and associate it with the corresponding component position; S33: Compare the physical data collected by the environmental sensor and the strain gauge, using the physical property deviation calculation formula: ΔP = P 实时 -P 初始 , where P 实时 is real-time physical property data, P 初始 For the environmental and stress parameters set in the BIM model, if the deviation ΔP exceeds the preset tolerance, the physical property data is marked and associated with the production conditions of the specific component; S34: Through the above comparison process, when a deviation is found, the deviation data is classified according to dimensions, including geometric deviation, material deviation and physical property deviation, and the specific position of the deviation is automatically located through the coordinate system of the BIM model. The position of each deviation is represented by three-dimensional coordinates: position = (x, y, z); S35: According to the set tolerance range, the deviation values ​​ΔG, ΔM and ΔP of each dimension are subjected to tolerance judgment. If the deviation exceeds the set tolerance range, a warning will be automatically generated, and the specific deviation type, size, dimension and position will be recorded.

6. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S51: After production is completed, configure the testing equipment, including laser scanners, material testing equipment, and environmental testing equipment, according to the initial parameters set in the BIM model; S52: Use a laser scanner to accurately scan the length L, width W, height H and surface of the component, and record the geometric data of each measuring point; use material testing equipment to test the tensile strength σ, hardness H and elastic modulus E to obtain the actual physical performance data of the material; test the temperature tolerance T and humidity tolerance R of the component in a simulated environment, and record the response of the component under the predetermined environment; S53: transmitting all the inspection data to the central data processing unit through the data interface and formatting them into units and formats matching the initial design parameters of the BIM model; S54: Compare the actual test data with the initial design parameters in the BIM model one by one, and calculate the deviation. The comparison formula is: ΔV=V 实测 -V 设计 , V 实测 Indicates the actual value measured during the detection process, V 设计 It represents the preset design value in the BIM model, and ΔV is the difference between the two. The dimensions compared include geometric parameters L, W, H, material parameters σ, H, E, and environmental parameters T, R. Any deviation ΔV beyond the preset tolerance range will be marked; S55: Evaluate the comparison results. Mark the parameters that meet the standards as qualified. For the parameters that do not meet the standards, record the deviation value ΔV and the position of the components affected, and generate a quality report, which includes qualified items, deviation items and improvement suggestions.

7. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S61: After production is completed, all test results and deviation data ΔV recorded during the production process are recorded. i Summarize and classify by dimension; determine the frequency and size of deviation by analyzing the deviation data of each dimension, and use the following formula to calculate the average deviation of each dimension The formula is: Where, ΔV i,k is the deviation of the i-th dimension in the k-th test, n is the number of tests, and the deviation mean and standard deviation are used to determine whether there are systematic problems in each dimension and identify common deviation trends; S62: Generate optimization suggestions based on the deviation trend analyzed in S61; S63: Feedback optimization suggestions to the design stage of the BIM model through the data interface to directly update design parameters and process standards; S64: Adjust the subsequent design standards and process flow in the BIM model based on the optimization suggestions fed back. The updated BIM model will apply new design parameters and process standards in subsequent production.

8. The BIM-based prefabricated component design quality management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The updating of the design parameters and process standards in S63 is specifically based on the optimization suggestions to adjust the tolerance range of the geometric dimensions, material specifications and environmental conditions. The formula is: 新设计 =P 初始 +ΔP 优化 , where P 新设计 P is the design parameter adjusted according to the optimization suggestion. 初始 is the original parameter in the BIM model, ΔP 优化 This is the correction value in the optimization suggestion.

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