Instruction processing system, method, quantum control system and quantum computer
By generating pulse signal waveform data on the lower-level machine, the problems of memory occupation and slow transmission caused by the large amount of pulse signal waveform data are solved, thus improving the efficiency of quantum computing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310800532.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the large amount of waveform data of pulse signals leads to memory consumption and slow transmission when sent to the lower-level machine, which affects the computational efficiency of quantum computing.
An instruction processing system is provided, including a state start module, a cycle determination module, and a data generation module. By generating pulse signal waveform data in the lower-level machine, the amount of data sent by the upper-level machine is reduced, thereby improving the calculation efficiency.
By generating pulse signal waveform data on the lower-level machine, the amount of data sent by the upper-level machine is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of quantum computing.
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Figure CN119227823B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum computing, and in particular to an instruction processing system, method, quantum control system, and quantum computer. Background Technology
[0002] Quantum chips are the core components for running quantum computing. Multiple qubits are integrated on a quantum chip, such as spin qubits on a semiconductor quantum chip. These spin qubits are manipulated using DC and pulse signals, and measured using radio frequency signals.
[0003] When using pulse signals to manipulate spin qubits using two-qubit gates, the precision requirements for the pulse signals are extremely high, with pulse periods typically in the nanosecond range, for example, waveforms with pulse signal periods less than 100 ns. Furthermore, when using pulse signals to perform CPMG (Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill) and RB (Randomized Benchmarking) experiments on spin qubits, the waveform precision requirements are relatively low, with pulse durations typically in the millisecond range; that is, the rise and fall edges of the pulse signal waveform are relatively slow, and the complete waveform data is more abundant.
[0004] It can be observed that the applied pulse signals for manipulating and measuring conductor quantum chips vary, with different pulse amplitudes and periods, which need to be determined based on the quantum computing task to be performed. In a quantum computing task, several different high-precision pulse signals need to be applied to the spin qubits; and to ensure the accuracy of the results, the manipulation is typically repeated thousands or even tens of thousands of times, with varying time intervals between repetitions. In practice, all the manipulation pulse signals need to be combined into a single combined pulse signal and applied to the spin qubits for manipulation.
[0005] In existing technologies, a host computer typically receives quantum computing tasks, determines the waveform of the pulse signals to be applied to each spin qubit based on the task, and then sends the waveform data to a slave computer for storage. The slave computer then outputs the corresponding pulse signals based on the waveform data. The slave computer typically employs a quantum measurement and control system. As mentioned above, the pulse signals used to manipulate qubits are diverse, and the waveform parameters of each pulse signal are different, requiring the transmission of each waveform parameter. Furthermore, some waveforms are combined pulse signals, resulting in a very large data volume, which is time-consuming to transmit and consumes significant memory when stored in the quantum measurement and control system.
[0006] Furthermore, this waveform data is pre-stored and cannot be adjusted in real time. When the pulse signal needs to be adjusted, the host computer needs to update the waveform data of the pulse signal and resend it to the slave computer. Moreover, the computational efficiency of quantum computing is directly reduced due to the time required for data transmission. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide an instruction processing system, method, quantum control system, and quantum computer to solve the problem in the prior art that the large amount of waveform data of pulse signals leads to memory occupation and slow transmission when sent to the lower-level machine, thus affecting the computational efficiency of quantum computing, and can significantly improve the computational efficiency of quantum computing.
[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this application provides an instruction processing system for outputting waveform data of pulse signals used to manipulate quantum bits, comprising:
[0009] The status start module is used to send a data output request based on the waveform parameter instructions sent by the host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter instructions include the starting amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data;
[0010] The cycle period determination module is used to determine the cycle clock period based on the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle and the number of times the amplitude is repeated;
[0011] The data generation module is used to respond to data output requests and generate and output the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform data based on the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock cycle.
[0012] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, the cyclic clock cycle is the quotient of the least common multiple of the amplitude repetition number and the first quantity, and the first quantity; wherein, the first quantity is the number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle.
[0013] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the digital-to-analog converter module and the operating clock frequency of the waveform data generation module; wherein, the digital-to-analog converter module is used to generate a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data.
[0014] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, the data generation module includes several data output units;
[0015] Each of the data output units is used to output the waveform data within the cyclic clock cycle based on the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data;
[0016] The number of data output units is equal to the number of clock cycles contained in the cyclic clock cycle.
[0017] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, each of the data output units is further configured to determine whether additional sampling point data is needed for the current clock cycle based on the total amount of current waveform data.
[0018] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, when the determination is yes, the data output unit is further used to supplement the number of sampling points with an amplitude of a preset amplitude to the first quantity in the current clock cycle.
[0019] In the instruction processing system described above, preferably, the state startup module, the cycle determination module, and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated within the FPGA.
[0020] A second aspect of this application provides an instruction processing method for outputting waveform data of pulse signals used to manipulate quantum bits, including:
[0021] The system sends a data output request based on the waveform parameter instructions sent by the host computer. The waveform parameter instructions include the starting amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data.
[0022] The cyclic clock cycle is determined based on the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle and the number of times the amplitude is repeated;
[0023] In response to a data output request, the system generates and outputs waveform data of the rising and falling edges of a pulse signal waveform based on the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data within each clock cycle.
[0024] A third aspect of this application provides a quantum control system, including any of the above-mentioned instruction processing system, host computer system, and signal generation system;
[0025] The host computer system is used to receive quantum computing tasks and send corresponding waveform parameter instructions;
[0026] The instruction processing system is used to output waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction;
[0027] The signal generation system is used to output a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data; or
[0028] The waveform data of the pulse signal is output using the above instruction processing method.
[0029] A fourth aspect of this application provides a quantum computer, including the aforementioned quantum control system and quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum computation based on pulse signals output by the quantum control system.
[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the instruction processing system provided in this application is used to manipulate spin qubits on a semiconductor quantum processor. The host computer sends the waveform parameters of a pulse signal to the instruction processing system in the form of waveform parameter instructions. The state initiation module within the instruction processing system initiates the conversion of the waveform parameter instructions, and then the waveform data generation module performs the specific waveform coefficient conversion. Based on the waveform coefficients, it generates and outputs waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal. By generating waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower-level computer, the host computer avoids sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.
[0031] The quantum control system and quantum computer provided in this application belong to the same concept as the instruction processing system, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a combined pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another combined pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of an instruction processing system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the output waveform data of a data generation module within a cyclic clock cycle, provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a data generation module including several data output units provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a data output unit supplementing sampling point data provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;
[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a data output unit supplementing sampling point data provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;
[0039] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating an instruction processing method provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a quantum control system provided in an embodiment of this application. Attached image description:
[0042] 1 - Host computer system; 2 - Instruction processing system; 3 - Signal generation system;
[0043] 10 - Status start module, 20 - Cycle period determination module, 30 - Data generation module, 200 - Data output unit. Detailed Implementation
[0044] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the schematic diagrams. The advantages and features of this application will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this application.
[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0047] In semiconductor quantum computers, multiple spin qubits are integrated on the quantum processor. Typically, a DC signal is applied to the quantum processor to form a spin qubit, and a pulse signal is used to manipulate two adjacent spin qubits so that a two-bit gate operation can be performed between the two spin qubits. The fidelity of the two-bit gate operation is closely related to the pulse response time of the applied pulse signal, which requires that the periods of the rising and falling edges of the applied pulse signal be very short, usually on the order of nanoseconds.
[0048] Furthermore, when using pulse signals to conduct experiments on spin qubits, such as performing CPMG (Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill) and RB (Randomized Benchmarking) experiments, the precision requirements for the waveform are relatively low, and the pulse duration is typically in the millisecond range; that is, the rise and fall edges of the pulse signal waveform are relatively slow, and the waveform data of the complete waveform is relatively large. Moreover, to ensure the accuracy of the experimental results, the manipulation is usually repeated thousands or even tens of thousands of times. Specifically, all pulse signals are combined into a single combined pulse signal and applied to the spin qubit, and the manipulation results are then tested; as you can imagine, the waveform data of the combined pulse signal is extremely large.
[0049] Pulse signals are typically output from a signal source, signal generator, or quantum control system. The waveform data of the pulse signal depends on the quantum computing task to be performed and is usually sent by a host computer. When a spin qubit performs a complex quantum computing task, several pulse signals with different signal parameters need to be continuously applied to the same spin qubit. When repeated manipulation is required, the same pulse signal needs to be continuously applied to the same spin qubit. Regardless of whether the signal parameters of the pulse signals are the same, for several pulse signals, the waveforms of the several pulse signals are usually spliced into a combined pulse waveform in the host computer, and the combined pulse waveform is sent to the quantum control system. The quantum control system then outputs the specific pulse signal based on the waveform data of the combined pulse waveform.
[0050] As attached Figure 1 The combined pulse waveform shown represents the pulse signal used to perform a two-bit gate operation on a spin qubit. The pulse response times for the rising and falling edges are extremely short, typically on the nanosecond scale, and the slope is very steep. The horizontal axis represents pulse time, and the vertical axis represents pulse amplitude. The pulse time and pulse amplitude correspond one-to-one, forming numerous waveform data. (See attached image.) Figure 1 The combined pulse waveform in the system consists of several pulse signals with different amplitudes and durations, and the time intervals between these pulse signals are also different. As you can imagine, the complexity of the combined pulse waveform is extremely high. For this combined pulse waveform, the host computer needs to send all the waveform data to the quantum measurement and control system.
[0051] As attached Figure 2 The diagram shows a combined pulse waveform, representing the pulse signal during CPMG and RB experiments on a spin qubit. The pulse response times for the rising and falling edges are very long, typically in the millisecond range, and the slope is very gentle. The horizontal axis represents pulse time, and the vertical axis represents pulse amplitude. The pulse time and pulse amplitude correspond one-to-one, forming numerous waveform data. (See attached diagram.) Figure 2The combined pulse waveform consists of two pulse signal waveforms, which can be understood as performing two repeated experiments on the spin qubit. For this combined pulse waveform, the host computer needs to send all waveform data to the quantum control system, which then outputs the corresponding pulse signal based on all the waveform data.
[0052] It is conceivable that the waveform of the pulse signal sent by the host computer, regardless of whether it is attached... Figure 1 Still attached Figure 2 The complexity and quantity of its waveform data are enormous. Moreover, when it is necessary to optimize one pulse waveform in the combined pulse waveform, the pulse waveform needs to be updated and the updated combined pulse waveform needs to be reissued, which greatly affects the efficiency of quantum computing.
[0053] It should be noted that the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The example combined pulse waveform is for illustrative purposes only. The specific parameters and waveform data of the applied single pulse signal and the combined pulse waveform need to be determined according to the quantum computing task to be performed, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
[0054] Continue as attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown in the pulse signal waveform, it can be observed that the pulse signal waveform data generally includes the amplitude of the low level, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges, and the amplitude of the high level. Among them, the amplitudes of the low level and the high level are fixed values, while the waveform data of the rising and falling edges are generally linear. The correspondence between the time and amplitude of the pulse signal can be characterized by coefficients, that is, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges are both represented by coefficients, and the coefficients of the rising and falling edges are inversely related.
[0055] As attached Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, an instruction processing system is proposed for outputting waveform data of pulse signals for manipulating qubits, including: a state activation module 10, used to send a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter instruction includes the initial amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data; a cycle period determination module 20, used to determine the cycle clock period according to a first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle and the number of amplitude repetitions; and a data generation module 30, used to respond to the data output request and generate and output waveform data of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform according to the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data in each cycle clock cycle.
[0056] The instruction processing system of this application is integrated into a lower-level computer or a quantum control system and communicates with a higher-level computer. The instruction processing system includes a state initiation module 10 and a data generation module 30. The state initiation module 10 has two working states: an idle state and a working state. It is usually in an idle state. When it receives a waveform parameter instruction from the higher-level computer, it enters the working state and sends a data output request. The cycle period determination module 20 determines the cycle clock period, and the data generation module 30 responds to the output request and generates specific waveform data within the clock cycle based on the starting amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform in the waveform parameter instruction, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data, and then outputs the data. After the data generation module 30 outputs the waveform data, the state of the state initiation module 10 is updated to the idle state until the next waveform parameter instruction from the higher-level computer is received.
[0057] As is well known, pulse signals are generally output from the input digital signal through a digital-to-analog converter module. The digital signal represents the correspondence between the time and amplitude of the pulse signal. In this embodiment, the waveform data output by the data generation module 30 is a digital signal, used to represent the amplitude information of the pulse signal. In this embodiment, the waveform data of each amplitude is repeated multiple times and then increases. For example, the amplitude of the first waveform data is the initial amplitude, which is repeated N times and increases to the second amplitude. That is, the first waveform data is repeated N times, and the amplitude of the waveform data is always the initial amplitude during the repetition. The second amplitude is repeated N times and then increases to the third amplitude, and so on. Each waveform data is repeated N times until the total amount of waveform data reaches the total amount of waveform data in the waveform parameter instruction issued by the host computer.
[0058] As mentioned above, different pulse periods can be achieved by setting different amplitude repetition counts, which can be determined based on the parameters of the pulse signal in the spin qubit experiment.
[0059] The data generation module operates on a clock cycle, outputting a first quantity of waveform data each clock cycle. Since the repetition rate of the waveform data is not equal to the first quantity, two adjacent amplitude values will be output within one clock cycle. It can be imagined that the waveform data for each sampling point will be repeated multiple times, resulting in the output of several complete sampling point waveforms over several consecutive clock cycles. These consecutive clock cycles are called cyclic clock cycles. Within each cyclic clock cycle, the distribution of the waveform data from the sampling points output by the data generation module is identical. The cyclic clock cycle determination module determines the number of operating clock cycles of the data generation module within a cyclic clock cycle based on the first quantity and the number of amplitude repetitions. This facilitates the data generation module in generating waveform data for a complete pulse signal cycle based on the layout of the sampling point waveform data within the cyclic clock cycle, thus improving the waveform data generation efficiency.
[0060] As attached Figure 4 The waveform data of the 5 sampling points shown is distributed over 4 clock cycles. The data generation module outputs 10 waveform data points per clock cycle, while the waveform parameter instruction specifies that each waveform data point is repeated 8 times. Therefore, within 4 cycles, the data generation module can output waveform data of 5 sampling points. In the first clock cycle, the sampling point of the first amplitude is repeated 8 times, followed by the second sampling point with the next two amplitudes increasing, and so on, up to 4 clock cycles. The data distribution can be represented as {8f0, 2f1}, {6f1, 4f2}, {4f2, 6f3}, {2f3, 8f4}. In the next cyclic clock cycle, the distribution of the 5 sampling points over 4 clock cycles remains the same. The data generation module generates waveform data for each sampling point sequentially according to the same waveform data distribution within the cyclic clock cycle.
[0061] In addition, Figure 3 This is only a partial example. After the waveform data in column 6, there are also waveform data that are not shown. In actual implementation, the amount of waveform data needs to be determined based on the total amount of waveform data.
[0062] Therefore, the host computer sends the initial amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total waveform data as waveform parameter instructions to the instruction processing system. The status initiation module within the instruction processing system initiates the conversion of the waveform parameter instructions, and the cycle period determination module determines the cycle clock period. Then, the data generation module executes the specific waveform parameter instruction conversion based on the cycle clock period, generating and outputting the waveform data for the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform. The waveform parameter instructions are much smaller than the waveform data for the complete cycle. By generating waveform data for various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower-level computer, the host computer avoids sending the complete waveform data for each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improving quantum computing efficiency.
[0063] Continue as in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the cyclic clock period is the quotient of the least common multiple of the amplitude repetition count and the first quantity, and the first quantity; wherein, the first quantity is the number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle. Specifically, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the digital-to-analog converter module and the operating clock frequency of the waveform data generation module; wherein, the digital-to-analog converter module is used to generate corresponding pulse signals based on the waveform data.
[0064] In a quantum computer, both the host computer module and the slave computer module operate according to a preset working clock. The instruction processing system also has a working clock frequency. That is, the data generation module outputs waveform data according to the preset working clock frequency. The derivative of the working clock frequency is the clock cycle of the data generation module. In each clock cycle, the data generation module outputs a first number of waveform data.
[0065] In this embodiment, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the signal generation module and the operating clock frequency of the data generation module, where the clock period and the operating clock frequency are derivatives. The signal generation module is used to output corresponding pulse signals based on the waveform data. Specifically, the waveform data output by the data generation module 30 is sent to the signal generation module, which converts it into specific pulse signals and outputs them. The signal generation module can employ a DAC. The signal generation module has a preset sampling rate, and the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module within a single clock cycle needs to match the number of sampling points of the signal generation module.
[0066] For example, the sampling rate of the signal generation module is 1GHz, while the operating clock frequency of the data generation module is 100MHz. Therefore, the data generation module needs to output 10 waveform data points per clock cycle as sampling points for the signal generation module to match the number of sampling points of the data generation module and the signal generation module, ensuring the accuracy of the pulse signal output by the signal generation module.
[0067] The corresponding cyclic clock period is determined based on the different amplitude repetition counts, and various waveform data are generated according to the distribution of waveform data within the cyclic clock period. Furthermore, when the host computer adjusts the amplitude repetition count, waveform parameter instructions are sent to the instruction processing system for the data generation module to update the generated waveform data.
[0068] As attached Figure 5 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the data generation module includes a plurality of data output units; each data output unit is used to output the waveform data within the cyclic clock cycle according to the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data; wherein, the number of data output units is equal to the number of clock cycles contained in the cyclic clock cycle.
[0069] Combined with appendix Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the distribution of output waveform data for each clock cycle. Each clock cycle within the cyclic clock cycle corresponds to a data output unit. Each data output unit generates waveform data based on the initial amplitude, amplitude repetition count, and amplitude increment sent by the status start module.
[0070] Furthermore, the data output unit counts the number of waveform data points output. Specifically, when generating the current number of waveform data points of the same amplitude in each clock cycle, the data output unit determines the number of waveform data points of the next amplitude that need to be generated from the first number of waveform data points in that clock cycle. For example, see attached... Figure 3 For example, after generating 8 waveform data with an amplitude of 10mV each in the first clock cycle, it is determined that 2 more waveform data with an amplitude of 20mV need to be generated to ensure that the total number of waveform data output in this clock cycle is 10.
[0071] In this embodiment, each data output unit is further configured to determine whether additional sampling point data is needed in the current clock cycle based on the total amount of current waveform data. When the determination is yes, the data output unit is further configured to supplement the number of sampling points with an amplitude of a preset amplitude to the first quantity in the current clock cycle.
[0072] For example, the signal generation module has a sampling rate of 1GHz, and outputs 10 waveform data points per clock cycle. When the host computer sends 200 rising edge waveform data points, since the output is 10 per clock cycle, the waveform generation module can output exactly 200 waveform data points in the first 20 clock cycles. At this point, no additional waveform data is needed; the output can proceed directly. When the total number of rising edge waveform data points is 204, meaning the waveform generation module needs to output 200 waveform data points in the first 20 clock cycles and the last 4 in the 21st clock cycle, it's obvious that the output in the 21st clock cycle doesn't meet the 10 requirement. Therefore, 6 additional waveform data points need to be added. The amplitude of these 6 additional waveform data points can be a fixed value or a preset amplitude, depending on the specific scenario and requirements.
[0073] In addition, the preset amplitude values for waveform data that need to be supplemented are generally sent from the host computer to the preset parameter configuration module, and then sent to the waveform data generation module after configuration. When the waveform data generation module determines that additional sampling point data is needed, it supplements the data according to the preset amplitude values.
[0074] With attachment Figure 7As an example, this diagram illustrates the waveform data generated by the waveform data generation module. The column on the left, numbered 1-10, indicates that the waveform data generation module outputs 10 waveform data points within a single clock cycle, which is the initial quantity. The six columns on the right represent the waveform data output by the waveform data generation module. In the first column, 10 represents the initial amplitude, with an amplitude increment of 10 and an amplitude repetition count of 8. The total number of waveform data points is 66. If the number of waveform data points with an amplitude of 70 output in the last clock cycle is less than 10, then 4 additional waveform data points are needed. The preset amplitude of the additional waveform data points is set to 10.
[0075] In this embodiment, the state initiation module, the cycle period determination module, and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated within the FPGA. By integrating the state initiation module and the data generation module within the FPGA, and communicating with the host computer via a communication module, the FPGA generates corresponding waveform data based on waveform parameter instructions issued by the host computer and sends it to the digital-to-analog converter module. Furthermore, the waveform parameter instructions can be adjusted in real time according to control needs, outputting waveform data of various required pulse signals. The digital-to-analog converter module can be a DAC, communicating with the waveform data generation module within the FPGA, and outputting the corresponding pulse waveform based on the received waveform data.
[0076] As attached Figure 8 As shown, based on the same concept, this application also provides an instruction processing method for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating qubits, comprising the following steps:
[0077] Step S10: Send a data output request according to the waveform parameter instructions sent by the host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter instructions include the starting amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data.
[0078] Step S20: Determine the cyclic clock cycle based on the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock cycle and the number of amplitude repetitions.
[0079] Step S20: Respond to the data output request and generate and output the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform data based on the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock cycle.
[0080] Based on the same concept, this application also provides a quantum control system, including any of the above-described instruction processing system 2, host computer system 1, and signal generation system 3; the host computer system 1 is used to receive quantum computing tasks and issue corresponding waveform parameter instructions; the instruction processing system 2 is used to output waveform data of pulse signals according to the waveform parameter instructions; the signal generation system 3 is used to output corresponding pulse signals according to the waveform data. Furthermore, the quantum control system uses the above-described method to output waveform data of pulse signals.
[0081] The host computer system 1 receives quantum computing tasks and determines the waveform parameter instructions of the corresponding pulse signals according to the quantum computing tasks to be executed. The instruction processing system 2 in the lower computer generates waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms, and the signal generation system 3 outputs the corresponding pulse signals. This avoids the host computer system 1 from sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer system 1 and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.
[0082] Based on the same concept, embodiments of this application also provide a quantum computer, including the above-described quantum control system and quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum computation based on pulse signals output by the quantum control system.
[0083] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," or "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not constitute any limitation on this application. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions and content disclosed in this application without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of this application shall still fall within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. An instruction processing system for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: a state starting module is used for sending a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction comprises a starting amplitude, a repetition number of amplitude, an amplitude increment, and a total amount of waveform data of rising and falling edges of a pulse signal waveform; a cycle period determination module is used for determining a cycle clock period according to a first number of waveform data output by a data generation module in each clock period and the repetition number of amplitude; wherein the cycle clock period is a quotient of a least common multiple of the repetition number of amplitude and the first number and the first number, the first number is equal to a quotient of a sampling rate of a digital-to-analog conversion module and a working clock frequency of the waveform data generation module, and the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for generating a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; the data generation module is used for generating waveform data of rising and falling edges of a pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the repetition number of amplitude, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data in each cycle clock period in response to the data output request and outputting the waveform data.
2. The instruction processing system of claim 1, wherein, the data generation module comprises a plurality of data output units; each data output unit is used for outputting the waveform data in the cycle clock period according to the starting amplitude, the repetition number of amplitude, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data; wherein the number of data output units is equal to the number of clock periods contained in the cycle clock period.
3. The instruction processing system of claim 2, wherein, each data output unit is further used for judging whether a current clock period needs to supplement sample point data according to a current total amount of waveform data.
4. The instruction processing system of claim 3, wherein, when it is judged that the current clock period needs to supplement sample point data, the data output unit is further used for supplementing sample points with a preset amplitude to the first number in the current clock period.
5. The instruction processing system of claim 1, wherein, the state starting module, the cycle period determination module, and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated in an FPGA.
6. An instruction processing method for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: sending a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction comprises a starting amplitude, a repetition number of amplitude, an amplitude increment, and a total amount of waveform data of rising and falling edges of a pulse signal waveform; determining a cycle clock period according to a first number of waveform data output by a data generation module in each clock period and the repetition number of amplitude; wherein the cycle clock period is a quotient of a least common multiple of the repetition number of amplitude and the first number and the first number, the first number is equal to a quotient of a sampling rate of a digital-to-analog conversion module and a working clock frequency of the waveform data generation module, and the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for generating a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; generating waveform data of rising and falling edges of a pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the repetition number of amplitude, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data in each cycle clock period in response to the data output request and outputting the waveform data.
7. A quantum control system, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: the instruction processing system, the host computer system, and the signal generation system as claimed in any one of claims 1-5; the host computer system is used for receiving a quantum computing task and issuing a corresponding waveform parameter instruction; the instruction processing system is used for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction; The signal generation system is used to output corresponding pulse signals according to the waveform data; Or The waveform data of the pulse signals is output by using the instruction processing method in claim 6.
8. A quantum computer, characterized by The quantum control system in claim 7 and the quantum processor are included, and the quantum processor performs quantum computation based on the pulse signals output by the quantum control system.
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ZYNQ-based programmable ultra-fast delay pulse generator and method
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