Motor heat dissipation method, device, electric engine and aircraft

Abstract

The present application provides a motor heat dissipation method, device, electric engine and aircraft, and relates to the field of aircraft technology. The method is applicable to a controller in an electric engine heat dissipation system, and the electric engine heat dissipation system also includes: a heat dissipation material connected in parallel in a motor cooling circuit; the method includes: determining whether it is necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, and if it is determined that a heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, then controlling the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to pass through the heat dissipation material. The present application selects a heat dissipation path by monitoring the motor temperature and operating status, and does not connect a heat dissipation material when it is not necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation. When a heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is promptly controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat dissipation material, thereby meeting the greatly increased heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aircraft technology, and in particular to a motor heat dissipation method, device, electric engine and aircraft. Background Art

[0002] As traffic congestion in big cities becomes more and more serious, the market demand for low-altitude transportation is becoming stronger and stronger. Since low-altitude travel is efficient, punctual and convenient, low-altitude transportation will have a broad prospect in the future. In the field of aircraft technology, electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) is the current hot technology field. With the unremitting efforts of R&D personnel, new routes for low-altitude transportation will surely be opened in the future.

[0003] The electric engine is a key core component of eVTOL, and the drive motor (referred to as the motor) is an important component that provides lift and thrust for eVTOL. Compared with ordinary motors, the drive motor is small in size, light in weight and high in power. Especially when a single motor or multiple motors fail, the normally working motor needs to significantly increase power and work at peak power for a long time, so as to provide enough lift for eVTOL and ensure that eVTOL can land safely. However, when the motor works at peak power for a long time, a lot of heat will be generated, and the motor needs to be cooled in time to ensure the normal operation of the motor.

[0004] Existing technologies are unable to meet the heat dissipation requirements of electric motors in electric engines of aircraft such as eVTOL when operating under extreme conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a motor heat dissipation method, device, electric engine and aircraft, which are used to solve the problem that the existing technology is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in the electric engine of an aircraft such as eVTOL under extreme working conditions.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a motor heat dissipation method, which is applicable to a controller in an electric engine heat dissipation system. The electric engine heat dissipation system further includes: a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to a motor cooling circuit. The motor heat dissipation method includes:

[0007] Determine whether it is necessary to connect heat dissipation materials to assist in heat dissipation based on the motor temperature and operating status of the motor;

[0008] If it is determined that heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material.

[0009] In one possible implementation, based on the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, it is determined whether it is necessary to connect heat dissipation materials to assist in heat dissipation, including: based on the motor temperature and operating status, determining the motor operating condition of the motor, and whether the motor operating condition is a normal operating condition or an extreme operating condition; if the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition, determining that heat dissipation materials need to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the motor operating condition of the motor is determined based on the motor temperature and operating status, including: if the operating status is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, then the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition; if the operating status is failure, then the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the motor operating condition of the motor is determined based on the motor temperature and the operating state, including: if the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold for a duration exceeding a preset time, then determining that the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the preset temperature threshold is determined according to a maximum motor temperature when the motor operates under normal working conditions.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the motor heat dissipation method further includes: monitoring the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature of the heat dissipation material; and determining the remaining time to failure of the heat dissipation material based on the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material and / or an evaporative heat absorption material.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the heat dissipation material is selected based on the motor temperature, the motor coolant temperature, and simulation tests on multiple materials. The motor heat dissipation method also includes: determining target material parameters based on the first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal operating conditions, the second maximum motor temperature of the motor single-point failure, and the upper limit temperature of the motor operation, the material corresponding to the target material parameters can absorb excess heat generated by the motor before multiple-point failures; based on the target material parameters, determining the heat dissipation material used to assist the motor cooling circuit in dissipating the heat from the motor.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the motor heat dissipation method also includes: simulating the operation of the motor under different working conditions, obtaining a motor coolant temperature curve and a motor temperature curve; wherein the motor temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the motor under different working conditions; the motor coolant temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the coolant under different working conditions; and determining the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature based on the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve.

[0017] In a possible implementation, target material parameters are determined based on a first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal operating conditions, a second maximum motor temperature of a single point failure of the motor, and an upper limit temperature of the motor operation, including: based on the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature, and the upper limit temperature, heat absorption simulations are performed on multiple material parameters respectively, and target material parameters are determined from the multiple material parameters; wherein the target material parameters include latent heat capacity and phase change temperature.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a motor heat dissipation device, which is configured in an electric engine heat dissipation system, and the electric engine heat dissipation system further includes: a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to a motor cooling circuit, and the device includes:

[0019] The first processing module is used to determine whether it is necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating state of the motor;

[0020] The second processing module is used to control the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to pass through the heat dissipation material if it is determined that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a controller, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0022] The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions;

[0023] The processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electric engine comprising the controller described in the third aspect.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides an electric propulsion device, comprising: the electric engine described in the fourth aspect.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides an aircraft, comprising: an aircraft body and the electric propulsion device described in the fifth aspect.

[0027] The motor heat dissipation method, device, electric engine and aircraft provided in the present application are applicable to the controller in the electric engine heat dissipation system. The electric engine heat dissipation system also includes: heat dissipation materials connected in parallel in the motor cooling circuit. The motor heat dissipation method includes: determining whether it is necessary to connect the heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, and if it is determined that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, then controlling the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to pass through the heat dissipation material. In this process, the heat dissipation path is dynamically selected according to the motor temperature and operating status. When the heat dissipation material does not need to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the heat dissipation material is not connected. When the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is timely controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat dissipation material, thereby meeting the greatly increased heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an electric engine cooling system provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a motor heat dissipation method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a motor temperature curve simulation provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the liquid inlet temperature and liquid outlet temperature curves of a flow channel connected to a heat dissipation material provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a temperature curve simulation of a phase-change heat dissipation material provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a motor heat dissipation device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a controller provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 10. Electric engine cooling system; 11. Cooling pipeline; 12. Motor; 13. Liquid pump; 14. Radiator; 15. Heat dissipation material; 16. Fan; 17. Control switch; 60. Motor cooling device; 61. First processing module; 62. Second processing module; 70. Controller; 71. Processor; 72. Memory; 73. Communication interface.

[0038] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, products or equipment.

[0041] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0042] At present, many high-power heat-generating moving devices, such as the drive motors of new energy vehicles and the engines of fuel vehicles, generate a lot of heat during operation, so they are usually equipped with a cooling system (radiator and fan). The airflow generated by the fan blows through the radiator, thereby taking away the heat generated by the moving devices. For motors and engines such as automobiles, the heat dissipation is relatively spacious because of the structural layout and no rigid quality requirements. Therefore, in order to meet the heat dissipation requirements, there will not be too much research and development on the size of the radiator and the size of the fan, and usually there will not be very tight and too much shielding at the front of the radiator. In order to meet the requirements of weight and layout space, the current eVTOL usually requires the designed products to be small and precise, and to ensure the performance. In this way, the air inlet of the radiator will be blocked by the motor and pump. This layout will inevitably cause new problems that do not occur in other industries, such as uneven distribution of the air inlet, which will seriously cause a large amount of heat reflux in the middle area of ​​the radiator.

[0043] When air cooling is used to dissipate heat from the motor, the heat generated inside the motor is taken away by air flow. This is usually suitable for motors with low power or low heat dissipation requirements. In high power or high temperature environments, the heat dissipation effect of air cooling is usually poor. When liquid cooling is used to dissipate heat from the motor, the heat generated inside the motor is taken away by the flow of liquid (such as water or coolant, etc.). The heat dissipation effect is better and it is suitable for motors in high power or high temperature environments, but the corresponding electric engine cooling system is large in size and heavy in weight. Considering that the electric engine cooling system in aircraft such as eVTOL needs to maintain a small size and light weight, the electric engine cooling system in the relevant technology is currently difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in the electric engine of aircraft such as eVTOL under extreme working conditions.

[0044] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor heat dissipation solution, which monitors the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, and dynamically selects the heat dissipation path according to the motor temperature and operating status. When the motor is operating under extreme working conditions, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat dissipation material, ensuring that it can quickly respond to the motor's instantly increased heat dissipation needs.

[0045] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application are first introduced.

[0047] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system for an electric motor provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The heat dissipation system for an electric motor provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application includes a motor cooling circuit and a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit, the heat dissipation material is used to assist the motor cooling circuit in dissipating heat from the motor. Figure 1 As shown, the cooling pipeline 11, the motor 12, the liquid pump 13, the radiator 14, the fan 16 and the control switch 17 in the motor cooling circuit are connected in sequence. Correspondingly, when the controller in the electric engine cooling system uses the electric engine cooling system to dissipate heat, it executes the motor cooling method provided in the present application, and determines whether it is necessary to connect the heat dissipation material 15 to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating state.

[0048] In combination with the above application scenarios, Figure 1 It should be noted that the above application scenarios are only shown to facilitate understanding of the spirit and principle of the present application, and the implementation of the present application is not limited by the above application scenarios.

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a motor heat dissipation method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the motor heat dissipation method includes the following steps:

[0050] S201. Determine whether it is necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating status of the motor.

[0051] For example, the motor temperature is collected in real time by a temperature sensor deployed on the motor, and the collected motor temperature is uploaded to a controller or other control unit in the electric engine cooling system; the motor operating state is collected in real time by an operating state monitoring system deployed on the motor, and the collected operating state is uploaded to a controller or other control unit in the electric engine cooling system. The operating state includes but is not limited to the motor power and the motor operating state (such as normal or failure, etc.).

[0052] In some embodiments, whether it is necessary to connect heat dissipation materials to assist in heat dissipation is determined based on the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, including: determining the motor operating condition of the motor based on the motor temperature and operating status, and whether the motor operating condition is a normal operating condition or an extreme operating condition; if the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition, determining that heat dissipation materials need to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

[0053] Among them, normal operating conditions refer to the motor temperature and operating status within the safe range, the heat dissipation demand is low, and the heat dissipation demand of the motor can be met using conventional heat dissipation methods; extreme operating conditions refer to the motor temperature and operating status exceeding the safe range, the heat dissipation demand is high, and a more efficient heat dissipation method is required to prevent the motor from overheating or damage. Extreme operating conditions can be further divided into single-point failure conditions and multiple-point failure conditions.

[0054] For example, if the motor is operating under normal conditions, it is determined that there is no need to connect heat dissipation materials to assist in heat dissipation, and heat dissipation is still performed through the radiator and fan in the motor cooling circuit; under extreme conditions such as single-point failure conditions, it is determined that heat dissipation materials need to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, and heat dissipation is performed collaboratively through heat dissipation materials, radiators, fans, etc.

[0055] S202: If it is determined that a heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material.

[0056] For example, based on the motor temperature and operating state, the preset judgment rules are executed to judge whether the motor temperature and operating state are within the safe range, and whether it is necessary to connect heat dissipation materials to assist heat dissipation is determined according to the judgment result. Correspondingly, if it is determined that heat dissipation materials need to be connected to assist heat dissipation, for example, when the motor is working in an extreme condition, the control is as follows: Figure 1 The control switch 17 shown turns on the flow channel where the heat dissipation material 15 is located, and controls the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to pass through the heat dissipation material 15 .

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat dissipation path is dynamically selected according to the temperature and operating state of the motor. When the heat dissipation material is not needed to assist the heat dissipation, the heat dissipation material is not connected. When the heat dissipation material is needed to assist the heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is timely controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat dissipation material, so that the heat dissipation demand of the motor under extreme working conditions can be quickly responded to. In addition, the heat dissipation material is usually thin and light, which can reduce the dependence on large radiators and high-power fans, thereby significantly reducing the overall weight and volume of the electric engine cooling system. The heat dissipation material is easy to install and replace, and can be flexibly set in the electric engine cooling system according to specific needs. It is suitable for different motors and different working conditions, which is of great significance to the design and performance optimization of aircraft such as eVTOL.

[0058] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material and / or an evaporative heat absorption material.

[0059] Among them, phase change heat dissipation material (PCM) is a material that can absorb or release a large amount of latent heat during the phase change process. Accordingly, when the motor generates a large amount of heat during the high-power working stage, the phase change heat dissipation material quickly absorbs the heat through the phase change process (such as from solid to liquid), so that it can quickly respond to the motor's instantaneous and greatly increased heat dissipation needs; evaporative heat absorption material absorbs heat through liquid evaporation. When the heat generated by the motor causes the liquid in the evaporative heat absorption material to evaporate, the evaporation process will absorb a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the motor.

[0060] For example, in one implementation, the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material.

[0061] For example, phase change heat dissipation materials are only provided in the motor cooling circuit. When the motor operates under extreme conditions, the phase change heat dissipation materials quickly absorb heat through a phase change process (such as changing from solid to liquid).

[0062] In another implementation, the heat dissipation material includes an evaporative heat absorption material.

[0063] For example, only evaporative heat absorbing materials are provided in the motor cooling circuit. When the motor works under extreme working conditions, the evaporative heat absorbing materials quickly absorb heat through liquid evaporation. In addition, when evaporative heat absorbing materials are provided in the motor cooling circuit, a corresponding evaporative pressure relief structure is also required.

[0064] In yet another implementation, the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material and an evaporative heat absorption material.

[0065] Correspondingly, different heat dissipation materials can be applied to different components in the motor cooling circuit, for example, heat dissipation of the motor by phase change heat dissipation materials, heat dissipation of the radiator by evaporation heat absorption materials, and so on.

[0066] In addition, the heat dissipation material can also be set as a multi-layer structure, in which one layer is a phase change heat dissipation material and the other layer is an evaporative heat absorption material; or, the phase change material and the evaporative material are mixed to form a composite material, and the advantages of the two materials are combined through material science and technology to form a composite material with efficient thermal management performance. It should be noted that when the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material and an evaporative heat absorption material, an evaporative pressure relief structure corresponding to the evaporative heat absorption material is also required in the motor cooling circuit. Correspondingly, when the motor works under extreme conditions, the phase change heat dissipation material quickly absorbs heat through a phase change process (such as from solid to liquid), and the evaporative heat absorption material quickly absorbs heat through liquid evaporation. The phase change heat dissipation material and the evaporative heat absorption material work together to dissipate the heat of the motor, which can effectively meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme conditions.

[0067] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation material is selected based on the motor temperature, the motor coolant temperature and simulation tests on multiple materials. The motor heat dissipation method also includes: determining target material parameters based on the first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal operating conditions, the second maximum motor temperature of the motor single-point failure and the upper limit temperature of the motor operation, the material corresponding to the target material parameters can absorb the excess heat generated by the motor before multiple-point failure; based on the target material parameters, determining the heat dissipation material used to assist the motor cooling circuit in dissipating the heat of the motor.

[0068] For example, the motor temperature and motor coolant temperature are collected in real time through the deployed temperature sensors, and the heat load and heat dissipation requirements of the motor under different working conditions are evaluated based on the collected temperature data. Based on the evaluation results, multiple materials are selected, and further simulation tests are carried out on the materials of the multiple materials to determine the heat dissipation materials that meet the heat dissipation requirements. Among them, different working conditions include normal working conditions, single-point failure conditions under extreme working conditions, and multi-point failure conditions. Specifically, a three-dimensional model of the motor is established, and the normal working conditions, single-point failure conditions, and multi-point failure conditions are simulated at different ambient temperatures, and the curves of the motor coolant temperature and the motor temperature changing over time are recorded. For example, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the motor temperature curve simulation provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, under normal working conditions, the motor temperature is T0 min and T0 max When a single point failure occurs, the motor temperature quickly changes from T0 to max When the motor temperature rises to T1 and multiple failures occur, the motor temperature rises rapidly from T1 to T2, based on the first maximum motor temperature T0 when the motor is working under normal conditions. max , the second maximum motor temperature T1 of the motor single point failure and the upper limit temperature T2 of the motor operation are used to determine the target material parameters, where T0 max For example, T1 is 100°C, T2 is 170°C or 190°C, etc.; for example, the phase change heat dissipation material is determined to be a phase change heat dissipation material with target material parameters, and the phase change heat dissipation material assists the motor cooling circuit to dissipate heat from the motor.

[0069] In some embodiments, the motor heat dissipation method also includes: simulating the operation of the motor under different working conditions, obtaining a motor coolant temperature curve and a motor temperature curve; wherein the motor temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the motor under different working conditions; the motor coolant temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the coolant under different working conditions; and determining the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature based on the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve.

[0070] For example, assuming that the phase change temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material is 60°C and the motor temperature T0 max The temperature is 100℃, the liquid flow rate of the phase change heat dissipation material is 12L / min. When the motor fails, the control switch in the motor cooling circuit switches the flow direction of the motor coolant, and the motor is cooled by connecting the flow channel of the phase change heat dissipation material. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the liquid inlet temperature and liquid outlet temperature curves of a flow channel connected to a heat dissipation material provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a temperature curve simulation of a phase change heat dissipation material provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the inlet temperature of the motor coolant is 94°C. Through the rapid heat absorption of the phase change heat dissipation material, when the running time after switching the flow direction of the motor coolant is t1 (for example, 26s), the latent heat of the phase change heat dissipation material is completely absorbed, and then the heat dissipation capacity of the phase change heat dissipation material begins to decrease, and the outlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material rises rapidly; Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the operating time is in the range of 0-t1, the outlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material remains almost unchanged. When the operating time is t1, the outlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material completes the latent heat absorption. At this time, the outlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material is still lower than the upper limit of the heat dissipation temperature of the radiator in the electric engine cooling system. Therefore, the rising rate of the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the motor coolant remains unchanged, and is located at Figure 3 T0 max To T1 interval; Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, after the running time is t1, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the motor coolant, the inlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material, and the outlet temperature begin to increase rapidly. When the running time after switching the flow direction of the motor coolant is t2 (for example, 30s), the temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material is almost the same as the inlet and outlet temperatures of the motor coolant. At this time, the phase change heat dissipation material has no heat dissipation ability, and the inlet temperature of the motor rises rapidly, further comparing the rising trend of the motor temperature with Figure 3 The motor temperature curve in FIG. 1 is fitted between T1 and T2. When the motor temperature reaches T2, the motor temperature exceeds the upper limit of operation, and there is a huge operation risk for the motor.

[0071] The above is a schematic diagram of the temperature and operating time curve of the phase change heat dissipation material under an operating condition. In some embodiments, the target material parameters are determined based on the first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal operating conditions, the second maximum motor temperature of the motor single point failure and the upper limit temperature of the motor operation, including: based on the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature, heat absorption simulation is performed on multiple material parameters respectively, and the target material parameters are determined from the multiple material parameters; wherein the target material parameters include latent heat capacity and phase change temperature.

[0072] For example, based on the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature, heat absorption simulation is performed on multiple material parameters respectively. According to the inlet and outlet liquid temperatures of the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit during operation, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the phase change heat dissipation material, a curve can be fitted to estimate the remaining time for the phase change heat dissipation material to complete the latent heat (i.e., t1), and the complete failure time of the phase change heat dissipation material (i.e., t2), so as to determine the parameter values ​​of the corresponding material parameters such as latent heat capacity and phase change temperature; in combination with the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme working conditions (such as the flight time required for the aircraft), the parameter values ​​such as latent heat capacity and phase change temperature are adjusted, so as to determine the target material parameters from the multiple material parameters, and further determine that the phase change heat dissipation material is a phase change heat dissipation material with target material parameters.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, by simulating the coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve of the motor under different ambient temperatures and different operating conditions, the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under various conditions can be accurately understood, so as to select the most suitable heat dissipation material; and in combination with the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme operating conditions, the parameter values ​​of the material parameters are adjusted, so that the heat dissipation material can work effectively under the most demanding conditions, ensuring the efficient heat dissipation capability of the heat dissipation material under various operating conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the electric engine cooling system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the motor operating condition of the motor is determined based on the motor temperature and operating status, including: if the operating status is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, then the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme condition; if the operating status is failure, then the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme condition.

[0075] In some embodiments, the preset temperature threshold is determined based on the maximum motor temperature when the motor operates under normal operating conditions.

[0076] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the maximum motor temperature T0 under normal working conditions in the motor temperature curve is obtained. max and minimum motor temperature T0 min , set the preset temperature threshold to the maximum motor temperature T0 max .

[0077] Furthermore, if the ambient temperature of the motor is 50°C, the motor is operating normally, and the motor temperature is at T0 min ∼T0 max Within the interval, if at a certain time point, the motor temperature is detected to be greater than T0 max , the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme condition, and the control switch is controlled to conduct the flow channel where the heat dissipation material is located for heat dissipation; if the motor temperature is detected to be greater than T0 at a certain time point max, and the motor is in an abnormal state (such as single-point failure or multi-point failure) at this time, the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme condition, and the control switch is controlled to conduct the flow channel where the heat dissipation material is located for heat dissipation; if at a certain time point, it is detected that the motor temperature is less than T0 max , but at this time the motor operating state is in an abnormal state (such as single-point failure or multi-point failure), the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme condition, and the control switch is controlled to turn on the flow channel where the heat dissipation material is located for heat dissipation.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application combines multiple conditions to ensure that under extreme working conditions, the control switch can be timely controlled to open the flow channel where the heat dissipation material is located to dissipate heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and further improving the performance, reliability and life of the motor.

[0079] In some embodiments, the motor operating condition of the motor is determined based on the motor temperature and the operating state, including: if the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold for a duration exceeding a preset time, then the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition.

[0080] For example, if the ambient temperature of the motor is 50°C, the motor is running normally, and the motor temperature is at T0 min ∼T0 max Within the interval, if at a certain time point, the motor temperature is detected to be greater than T0 max , but at this time point the motor is in normal operation and the motor temperature is detected to be greater than T0 max If the duration of the motor temperature is less than the set duration, for example, 5s, the motor is determined to be in normal working condition, and the motor's current cooling method of cooling through the radiator and fan in the motor cooling circuit remains unchanged; if the motor temperature is detected to be greater than T0 max If the duration of the condition is greater than or equal to, for example, 5 seconds, it is determined that the motor operating condition is a limit condition, and the control switch is controlled to turn on the flow channel where the heat dissipation material is located for heat dissipation.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, by taking the duration that the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold as one of the judgment conditions, it is possible to reduce the possibility of misjudging an extreme operating condition due to an instantaneous temperature rise, thereby improving the accuracy of the extreme operating condition judgment, reducing unnecessary operational adjustments, and avoiding frequent switching of the heat dissipation path of the electric engine heat dissipation system, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the motor heat dissipation method also includes: monitoring the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature of the heat dissipation material; and determining the remaining time to failure of the heat dissipation material based on the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature.

[0083] For example, the inlet temperature of the motor coolant is collected by a temperature sensor deployed at the inlet of the heat dissipation material, the outlet temperature of the motor coolant is collected by a temperature sensor deployed at the outlet of the heat dissipation material, and the temperature of the heat dissipation material at the inlet and outlet is collected by a temperature sensor deployed on the heat dissipation material; further, based on parameters such as the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the temperature of the heat dissipation material, and the flow rate of the heat dissipation material flow channel, the remaining time of failure of the heat dissipation material is calculated, and the remaining time of failure is sent to the flight control computer of the aircraft, and the flight control computer is used to issue relevant warnings based on the remaining time of failure and make subsequent relevant flight decisions. For example, when the heat dissipation material is about to fail, measures such as speed reduction, altitude reduction, or early landing can be selected to ensure the safety of the aircraft.

[0084] Furthermore, when the motor returns to normal working condition or the aircraft lands on the ground, the heat dissipation material can release the heat absorbed under extreme working conditions through radiator cooling or natural heat dissipation, thereby returning to normal state and realizing the recycling of the heat dissipation material.

[0085] In summary, this application has at least the following advantages:

[0086] 1. By dynamically selecting the heat dissipation path according to the temperature and operating status of the motor, the heat dissipation material is not connected when it is not needed to assist in heat dissipation. When the heat dissipation material is needed to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is promptly controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat dissipation material, so as to quickly respond to the motor's instantaneous and greatly increased heat dissipation requirements under extreme working conditions. In addition, heat dissipation materials are usually thin and light, which can reduce the dependence on large radiators and high-power fans, thereby significantly reducing the overall weight and volume of the electric engine cooling system. Heat dissipation materials are easy to install and replace, and can be flexibly set in the motor cooling circuit of the electric engine cooling system according to specific needs. They are suitable for different motors and different working conditions, which is of great significance for the design and performance optimization of aircraft such as eVTOL.

[0087] Second, by simulating the coolant temperature curve and motor temperature curve of the motor under different ambient temperatures and different working conditions, we can accurately understand the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under various conditions, so as to select the most suitable heat dissipation material; and combined with the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under extreme working conditions, the parameter values ​​of the material parameters are adjusted, so that the heat dissipation material can work effectively under the most demanding conditions, ensuring the efficient heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation material under various working conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the electric engine cooling system.

[0088] 3. By real-time monitoring of the liquid inlet temperature, liquid outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature of the flow channel connected to the heat dissipation material, the working status and effect of the electric engine heat dissipation system can be obtained in time, and the remaining time of failure of the heat dissipation material can be predicted based on the monitoring data. The remaining time of failure can be used as a basis for flight decisions, helping pilots or the aircraft's automatic control system to make reasonable flight adjustments, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the overall system.

[0089] The following is an embodiment of the device of the present application, which can be used to execute the embodiment of the method of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiment of the device of the present application, please refer to the embodiment of the method of the present application.

[0090] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a motor heat dissipation device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The motor heat dissipation device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application is configured in an electric engine heat dissipation system, and the electric engine heat dissipation system further includes: a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit. Figure 6 As shown, the motor heat dissipation device 60 includes a first processing module 61 and a second processing module 62, wherein:

[0091] The first processing module 61 is used to determine whether it is necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating state of the motor;

[0092] The second processing module 62 is used to control the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to pass through the heat dissipation material when it is determined that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

[0093] In a possible implementation, the first processing module 61 can be specifically used to: determine the motor operating condition of the motor based on the motor temperature and operating status, and whether the motor operating condition is a normal operating condition or an extreme operating condition; if the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition, determine that heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the first processing module 61 may also be used to: determine that the motor operating condition is an extreme condition when the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold; and determine that the motor operating condition is an extreme condition when the operating state is failure.

[0095] In a possible implementation manner, the first processing module 61 may also be used to determine that the motor operating condition is a limit operating condition when the operating state is normal and the duration of the motor temperature being greater than a preset temperature threshold exceeds a preset duration.

[0096] In a possible implementation manner, the preset temperature threshold is determined according to a maximum motor temperature when the motor operates under normal working conditions.

[0097] In a possible implementation, the second processing module 62 may be specifically used to: monitor the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and temperature of the heat dissipation material; and determine the remaining time to failure of the heat dissipation material based on the inlet temperature, outlet temperature and temperature of the heat dissipation material.

[0098] In a possible implementation, the heat dissipation material includes a phase change heat dissipation material and / or an evaporative heat absorption material.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the heat dissipation material is selected based on the motor temperature, the motor coolant temperature, and simulation tests on various materials. The first processing module 61 can also be used to: determine the target material parameters based on the first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal working conditions, the second maximum motor temperature of the motor single point failure, and the upper limit temperature of the motor operation, and the material corresponding to the target material parameters can absorb the excess heat generated by the motor before the multiple point failure; based on the target material parameters, determine the heat dissipation material used to assist the motor cooling circuit in dissipating the heat of the motor.

[0100] In a possible implementation, the first processing module 61 can also be used to: simulate the operation of the motor under different working conditions, obtain the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve; wherein the motor temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the motor under different working conditions; the motor coolant temperature curve includes the temperature changes of the coolant under different working conditions; determine the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature according to the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve.

[0101] In a possible implementation, the first processing module 61 can also be used to: based on the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature, perform endothermic simulation on multiple material parameters respectively, and determine the target material parameters from the multiple material parameters; wherein the target material parameters include latent heat capacity and phase change temperature.

[0102] The motor heat dissipation device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the technical solution shown in the above-mentioned motor heat dissipation method embodiment, and its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] It should be noted that it should be understood that the division of the various modules of the above device is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated. And these modules can all be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. For example, the first processing module can be a separately established processing element, or it can be integrated in a chip of the above device. In addition, it can also be stored in the memory of the above device in the form of program code, and called and executed by a processing element of the above device. The implementation of other modules is similar. In addition, these modules can be fully or partially integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each module above can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or instructions in the form of software.

[0104] For example, the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). For another example, when a module above is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can call program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0105] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loading and executing computer instructions on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (Digital Subscriber Line, referred to as DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, Digital Video Discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs)).

[0106] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controller provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the controller 70 of this embodiment includes:

[0107] At least one processor 71; and a memory 72 communicatively connected to the at least one processor;

[0108] The memory 72 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 71 , and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 71 so that the controller executes the motor heat dissipation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] Optionally, the memory 72 may be independent or integrated with the processor 71 .

[0110] The memory 72 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0111] The processor 71 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. Specifically, when implementing the motor heat dissipation method described in the aforementioned method embodiment, the controller may be, for example, an electronic device with processing functions such as a server.

[0112] Optionally, the controller may further include a communication interface 73. In a specific implementation, if the communication interface 73, the memory 72 and the processor 71 are implemented independently, the communication interface 73, the memory 72 and the processor 71 may be interconnected through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc., but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0113] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the communication interface 73, the memory 72 and the processor 71 are integrated on a chip, the communication interface 73, the memory 72 and the processor 71 can communicate through an internal interface.

[0114] The implementation principle and technical effects of the controller provided in this embodiment can be found in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0115] The present application also provides an electric engine, comprising: a controller as described in the above embodiment.

[0116] Among them, the electric engine is a system composed of an electric motor, a motor controller, an electric engine cooling system, cables, etc. and their accessories, which can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. In actual implementation, the electric engine can also be called an electric propulsion system.

[0117] The lift / thrust assembly consists of an electric engine, propeller, etc. and their accessories.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, a controller in the electric engine cooling system determines whether it is necessary to connect a heat dissipation material to assist in heat dissipation according to the motor temperature and operating status of the motor, and when it is determined that heat dissipation materials need to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material, thereby preventing the motor and its components from overheating, reducing damage to materials caused by thermal stress, and thus extending the service life of the electric engine.

[0119] In some embodiments, the electric engine cooling system is a dual-redundant configuration.

[0120] For example, the electric motor includes a main control board and an electric motor cooling system with dual redundancy backup, and each main control board is connected to a set of electric motor cooling systems to control the operation of the corresponding redundancy electric motor cooling system through the corresponding main control board.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present application, a dual-redundancy backup main control board and electric engine cooling system are used, so that when one main control board or the electric engine cooling system fails, the other main control board and the electric engine cooling system can still continue to work normally, thereby meeting the motor cooling requirements under extreme working conditions, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0122] The present application also provides an electric propulsion device, comprising: the electric engine described in the above embodiment.

[0123] The electric propulsion device consists of a power battery, an electric engine, a propeller, and its accessories. The propeller includes a variable pitch propeller and a fixed pitch propeller.

[0124] In addition, the present application also provides an aircraft, comprising: an aircraft body and the electric propulsion device as described in the above embodiment.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0126] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A motor heat dissipation method, characterized in that: A controller applicable to an electric engine cooling system, wherein the electric engine cooling system is applied to an aircraft, wherein the electric engine cooling system further comprises: a motor cooling circuit and a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit, wherein the heat dissipation material comprises a phase change heat dissipation material and / or an evaporative heat absorption material, wherein the motor cooling circuit comprises a radiator, and wherein the motor heat dissipation method comprises: Determining the motor operating condition of the motor according to the motor temperature and the operating state of the motor; the motor operating condition includes an extreme operating condition and a normal operating condition; If the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition; or, If the operating state is normal, and the duration of the motor temperature being greater than the preset temperature threshold exceeds the preset duration, then determining that the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition; If the operating state is failure, determining that the motor operating condition is a limit operating condition; If the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition, it is determined that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation, and the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit is controlled to pass through the heat dissipation material and then return to the motor cooling circuit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset temperature threshold is determined according to the maximum motor temperature when the motor operates under normal working conditions.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Monitoring the liquid inlet temperature, liquid outlet temperature and heat dissipation material temperature of the heat dissipation material; The remaining time until failure of the heat dissipation material is determined based on the liquid inlet temperature, the liquid outlet temperature, and the heat dissipation material temperature.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation material is selected based on the motor temperature, the motor coolant temperature and simulation tests on multiple materials, and the method further includes: Based on a first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal working conditions, a second maximum motor temperature of the motor at a single point failure, and an upper limit temperature of the motor operation, a target material parameter is determined, wherein the material corresponding to the target material parameter can absorb excess heat generated by the motor before multiple point failures; Based on the target material parameters, a heat dissipation material for assisting a motor cooling circuit in dissipating heat from the motor is determined.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Simulate the operation of the motor under different working conditions to obtain the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve; wherein the motor temperature curve includes the temperature change of the motor under different working conditions; the motor coolant temperature curve includes the temperature change of the coolant under different working conditions; The first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature, and the upper limit temperature are determined according to the motor coolant temperature curve and the motor temperature curve.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The target material parameter is determined based on a first maximum motor temperature of the motor under normal working conditions, a second maximum motor temperature of the motor single point failure, and an upper limit temperature of the motor operation, including: Based on the first maximum motor temperature, the second maximum motor temperature and the upper limit temperature, respectively perform heat absorption simulation on a plurality of material parameters, and determine the target material parameter from the plurality of material parameters; Wherein, the target material parameters include latent heat capacity and phase change temperature.

7. A motor heat dissipation device, characterized in that: The device is configured in an electric engine heat dissipation system, the electric engine heat dissipation system is applied to an aircraft, the electric engine heat dissipation system further comprises: a motor cooling circuit and a heat dissipation material connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit, the heat dissipation material comprises a phase change heat dissipation material and / or an evaporative heat absorption material, the motor cooling circuit comprises a radiator, and the device comprises: A first processing module is used to determine the motor operating condition of the motor according to the motor temperature and operating state of the motor, wherein the motor operating condition includes an extreme operating condition and a normal operating condition; if the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition; or, if the operating state is normal and the motor temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold for a duration exceeding a preset duration, the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition; if the operating state is failure, the motor operating condition is determined to be an extreme operating condition; The first processing module is further configured to determine that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation if the motor operating condition is an extreme operating condition; The second processing module is used for controlling the motor coolant in the motor cooling circuit to return to the motor cooling circuit after passing through the heat dissipation material if it is determined that the heat dissipation material needs to be connected to assist in heat dissipation.

8. A controller, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. An electric motor, characterized in that: Comprising the controller as claimed in claim 8.

10. An electric propulsion device, characterized in that: include: The electric motor as claimed in claim 9.

11. An aircraft, characterized in that: include: An aircraft body and an electric propulsion device as claimed in claim 10.

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