Laser processing head assembly and laser processing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a laser processing head assembly and a laser processing device. A laser processing head assembly comprises: a vertical substrate, at least two upper pulley assemblies are provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the upper pulley assembly comprises an upper pulley abutting against the upper end face of a transverse guide rail, and the upper pulley can rotate relative to the vertical substrate, at least one lower pulley elastic assembly is provided at the lower end of the back side of the vertical substrate, and the lower pulley elastic assembly comprises a lower pulley abutting against the lower end face of the transverse guide rail and an elastic unit for pushing the lower pulley toward the lower end face of the transverse guide rail and capable of adjusting the thrust on the lower pulley. The laser processing head assembly of the present invention adopts an upper pulley assembly and a lower pulley elastic assembly to clamp the transverse guide rail. During operation, the lower pulley elastic assembly pushes the lower pulley toward the lower end face of the transverse guide rail through the elastic unit to compensate for the wear of the upper pulley and the lower pulley during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of laser processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser processing head assembly and a laser processing device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the desktop laser processing device is mainly composed of a laser transmitter, a two-dimensional plane moving mechanism and a laser processing head. The two-dimensional plane moving mechanism drives the laser processing head to move two-dimensionally on the plane; the two-dimensional plane moving mechanism includes a longitudinal moving mechanism located on both sides and a transverse moving mechanism located in the middle. The longitudinal moving mechanisms on both sides synchronously drive the transverse moving mechanism in the middle to move longitudinally. The transverse moving mechanism includes a transverse guide rail and a belt transmission mechanism arranged on the transverse guide rail. The laser processing head assembly includes a vertical substrate slidably connected to the transverse guide rail and a laser processing head. The vertical substrate is connected to the belt of the belt transmission mechanism, and the left and right movement of the laser processing head is controlled by controlling the vertical substrate to move left and right. In order to reduce the weight of the belt on the vertical substrate, the vertical substrate is slidably connected to the transverse guide rail; because the vertical substrate moves very frequently relative to the transverse guide rail during the engraving process, after being used for a long period of time, the wear between the vertical substrate and the transverse guide rail will also be more serious, which will cause the connection between the vertical substrate and the transverse guide rail to be not tight enough. When the vertical substrate moves left and right with the belt, there will be different degrees of shaking, thereby affecting the accuracy of engraving. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser processing head assembly and a laser processing device to address the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] One aspect of the present invention provides a laser processing head assembly, which can compensate for the wear between the laser processing head assembly and the transverse guide rail without affecting the accuracy of engraving.

[0005] Another aspect of the present invention provides a laser processing device having the above-mentioned laser processing head assembly, and the laser processing head assembly has a long service life.

[0006] A laser processing head assembly comprises: a vertical substrate, at least two upper pulley assemblies are provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the upper pulley assembly comprises an upper pulley abutting against the upper end surface of a transverse guide rail, and the upper pulley can rotate relative to the vertical substrate, at least one lower pulley elastic assembly is provided at the lower end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the lower pulley elastic assembly comprises a lower pulley abutting against the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail and an elastic unit for pushing the lower pulley toward the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail and capable of adjusting the thrust on the lower pulley.

[0007] Preferably, the lower pulley elastic component includes an adjusting arm and an elastic unit, the adjusting arm is provided with a first hinge for rotationally connecting to the vertical base plate, a second hinge for rotationally connecting to the lower pulley, and an adjusting point connected to the elastic unit, and the elastic unit is provided with an elastic force adjustment structure for adjusting the elastic force.

[0008] Preferably, the first hinge is located between the second hinge and the adjustment position, a fixed block extends outward from the back side of the vertical substrate, and the fixed block is located below the adjustment position. The elastic force adjustment structure includes an adjustment column, which is connected to the adjustment position of the adjustment arm, and the connection position of the adjustment column can be adjusted. The fixed block is provided with a through hole for the adjustment column to pass through, and the elastic unit includes an elastic member for pushing the lower end of the adjustment column downward.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the adjusting column is provided with an external thread, the adjusting portion of the adjusting arm is provided with a threaded through hole, and the adjusting column is threadedly connected to the adjusting arm; more preferably, the lower end of the adjusting column is provided with a push block, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the fixed block and the push block.

[0010] Preferably, an upper extension column that cooperates with the upper pulley assembly extends outward from the upper end of the back side of the vertical base plate, and an axial hole is provided in the middle of the upper extension column. The upper pulley assembly includes the upper pulley and the upper connecting shaft. The upper pulley is connected to the upper extension column through the connecting shaft and the upper pulley can rotate relative to the upper extension column.

[0011] A laser processing device includes a two-dimensional plane moving mechanism and the above-mentioned laser processing head assembly, wherein the two-dimensional plane moving mechanism includes longitudinal moving mechanisms located on both sides and a transverse moving mechanism located in the middle, the transverse moving mechanism includes a transverse guide rail and a belt transmission mechanism arranged on the transverse guide rail, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail are respectively provided with guide structures matching with an upper pulley and a lower pulley, the upper pulley and the lower pulley are respectively abutted against the corresponding guide structures, and the belt of the belt transmission mechanism is connected to the vertical substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the belt transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley and a driven pulley and a belt connecting the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and belt connection structures connected to the belt and capable of adjusting the belt tension are respectively provided on both sides of the vertical base plate.

[0013] More preferably, the belt is disconnected in the middle, and both ends of the disconnected portion of the belt are respectively connected to corresponding belt connecting structures.

[0014] Preferably, the belt connection structure includes a main connection block, which is connected to the side of the vertical substrate through a connecting piece and can adjust the distance between the main connection block and the adjacent side of the vertical substrate; the front or back of the main connection block is connected to a secondary connection block, and the two ends of the belt disconnecting part are respectively clamped between the corresponding main connection block and the secondary connection block.

[0015] Preferably, the side of the main connecting block is provided with a plurality of through holes, the side of the vertical substrate is provided with connecting holes corresponding to the through holes, one end of the connecting piece passes through the through holes and is connected to the connecting hole, an adjustment gap is provided between the main connecting block and the side of the vertical substrate, and the main connecting block is connected with a position fixing piece for assisting in fixing the position of the main connecting block.

[0016] Preferably, a concave hole is provided in the middle of the main connection block, and the auxiliary connection block is located in the concave hole. Both the main connection block and the auxiliary connection block are provided with connection holes and are connected by a connection piece.

[0017] Furthermore, a zeroing rod assembly for focusing is connected to the back side of the vertical substrate, and the zeroing rod assembly includes a zeroing rod, and a spiral side edge is provided on the middle side of the zeroing rod; two parallel connecting plates are provided on the back side of the vertical substrate, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting plate for the zeroing rod to pass through; an adjusting ring is sleeved on the middle part of the zeroing rod, and a ball is embedded in the inner side surface of the adjusting ring, and the ball abuts against the lower end surface of the side edge, and the adjusting ring is located between the two connecting plates; driving wheel assemblies are respectively provided on both sides of the adjusting ring, and the driving wheel assembly includes a driving wheel and a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is located between the two connecting plates, and the edge of the driving wheel protrudes from the connecting shaft. The plate is abutted with the transverse guide rail; the connecting plates are each provided with a guiding structure for guiding the connecting shaft to move left and right, and the connecting shaft is connected to the guiding structure; a reverse wheel assembly is provided between one of the driving wheel assemblies and the adjusting ring, and the reverse wheel assembly includes a reverse wheel and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the reverse wheel, the reverse wheel abuts with the adjusting ring, and the two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively fixed to the corresponding connecting plates; an upper fixed block is provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate, and the upper fixed block is connected with a guide cylinder for guiding the zeroing rod to move up and down, and the upper end of the zeroing rod is connected with a sensing block, and a sensor matching the sensing block is provided at the upper end of the vertical substrate, and the sensor is provided with a sensing hole corresponding to the sensing block.

[0018] Preferably, the cross section of the upper end of the zero return rod is polygonal, and the cross section of the inner space of the guide cylinder is also a corresponding polygon.

[0019] Preferably, the guiding structure comprises a transverse slide groove arranged on the connecting plate, and the end of the connecting shaft passes through the transverse slide groove; more preferably, the outer end surface of the connecting plate is provided with a countersunk hole, and the end of the connecting shaft is connected to a sliding block, and the sliding block is located in the countersunk hole.

[0020] Preferably, the side of the zero return rod is provided with a double-helix side edge, and a gap matching with the ball is formed inside the double-helix side edge, and the ball abuts against the side surfaces on both sides of the gap.

[0021] More preferably, an open-loop annular plate is provided at the lower end of the zeroing rod, and an opening is formed on one side of the annular plate, which is arranged opposite to the lower end of the side edge of the double helix, and both ends of the opening of the annular plate are respectively connected to the side edges, the annular plate is inclined, the opening of the annular plate is the highest point, and the bottom surface of the annular plate is arc-shaped.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The laser processing head assembly of the present invention adopts an upper pulley assembly and a lower pulley elastic assembly to clamp the transverse guide rail. During operation, the lower pulley elastic assembly pushes the lower pulley toward the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail through the elastic unit, thereby compensating for the wear of the upper pulley and the lower pulley during operation and ensuring the stability of laser processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the laser processing head assembly of this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the laser processing head assembly of this embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the laser processing head assembly of this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Another perspective structural diagram of .

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the third perspective structure.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment ring of this embodiment.

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between the lateral moving mechanism and the laser processing head assembly of this embodiment.

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between the laser processing head assembly and the transverse guide rail.

[0033] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at B in the figure.

[0034] Fig.12 It is a partial schematic diagram of the laser processing device of this embodiment.

[0035] Fig.13 This is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the laser processing head assembly of this embodiment.

[0036] Fig.14 Another schematic diagram of the cooperation between the laser processing head assembly and the transverse guide rail.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1 - vertical base plate; 2 - upper pulley; 3 - adjustment column; 4 - through hole; 5 - elastic member; 6 - first hinge; 7 - adjustment arm; 8 - lower pulley; 9 - fixed block; 10 - zeroing rod; 11 - side edge; 12 - connecting plate; 13 - driving wheel; 14 - slider; 15 - horizontal slide groove; 16 - countersunk hole; 17 - upper pulley assembly; 18 - upper fixed block; 19 - spring; 20 - induction block; 21 - sensor; 22 - upper extension Extension column; 23 - adjustment ring; 24 - gap; 25 - annular sheet; 26 - reverse wheel; 27 - ball; 28 - longitudinal moving mechanism; 29 - transverse moving mechanism; 30 - laser processing head assembly; 31 - main connecting block; 32 - perforation; 33 - recessed hole; 34 - secondary connecting block; 35 - connecting piece; 36 - connecting piece; 37 - position fixing piece; 38 - transverse guide rail; 39 - guide column; 40 - transverse guide groove; 41 - guide cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 14 shown.

[0044] Example 1: See Figures 1 to 5 as well as Fig. 9 A laser processing head assembly 30, comprising: a vertical substrate 1, at least two upper pulley assemblies 17 are provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate 1, the upper pulley assembly 17 includes an upper pulley 2 abutting against the upper end surface of a transverse guide rail 38, the upper pulley 2 can rotate relative to the vertical substrate 1, at least one lower pulley elastic assembly is provided at the lower end of the back side of the vertical substrate 1, the lower pulley elastic assembly includes a lower pulley 8 abutting against the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38 and an elastic unit for pushing the lower pulley 8 toward the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38 and capable of adjusting the thrust on the lower pulley 8.

[0045] When this technical solution is implemented, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 4 As shown, two upper pulley assemblies 17 and one lower pulley elastic assembly are used by way of example. Of course, three, four, five, etc. upper pulley assemblies 17 can also be used; and two, three, four, five, etc. lower pulley elastic assemblies can also be used. Fig. 9The upper pulley 2 of the upper pulley assembly 17 abuts against the upper end surface of the transverse guide rail 38 and can rotate freely, and the lower pulley 8 of the lower pulley elastic assembly abuts against the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38 and can rotate freely. During operation, there is wear between the upper pulley 2 and the transverse guide rail 38, and there is wear between the lower pulley 8 and the transverse guide rail 38; after wear, the diameters of the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 are reduced. If the position of the lower pulley 8 does not change, the distance between the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 will increase, thereby causing the clamping force of the upper pulley 2 and the pulley on the transverse guide rail 38 to decrease or disappear; thereby causing the connection between the vertical base plate 1 and the transverse guide rail 38 to be unstable; in this embodiment, the lower pulley elastic assembly adopts an elastic unit, which pushes the lower pulley 8 to the transverse guide The elastic unit pushes the lower pulley 8 to the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38, thereby making up for the gap between the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8; secondly, after the elastic unit pushes the lower pulley 8 to the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38, the elastic force of the elastic unit will change. When the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 are seriously worn, the distance that the lower pulley 8 moves upward is relatively large, and the deformation of the elastic unit itself will also increase, resulting in the elastic force of the elastic unit acting on the lower pulley 8 being smaller, thereby causing the clamping force of the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 on the transverse guide rail 38 to become weaker; when the laser processing head assembly 30 moves along the transverse guide rail 38, it may cause the laser processing head assembly 30 to vibrate slightly up and down due to vibration, thereby reducing the accuracy of laser processing such as engraving or cutting and reducing the processing quality. In this embodiment, the elastic unit can adjust the thrust on the lower pulley 8 so that the lower pulley 8 and the upper pulley 2 maintain the clamping force on the transverse guide rail 38; avoid the laser processing head assembly 30 from vibrating up and down due to vibration, which affects the quality of laser processing.

[0046] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The lower pulley elastic component also includes an adjusting arm 7 and an elastic unit. The adjusting arm 7 is provided with a first hinge 6 for rotationally connecting with the vertical base plate 1, a second hinge for rotationally connecting with the lower pulley 8, and an adjusting portion connected with the elastic unit. The elastic unit is provided with an elastic force adjustment structure for adjusting the elastic force.

[0047] In the present technical solution, an adjusting arm 7 is provided to form a lever, and the lower pulley 8 and the elastic member 5 are respectively located at two places of the adjusting arm 7. The elastic force applied by the elastic unit on the adjusting arm 7 is adjusted by the elastic force adjustment structure of the elastic unit, thereby adjusting the force applied by the lower pulley 8 to the transverse guide rail 38, that is, the force with which the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 clamp the transverse guide rail 38 can be adjusted.

[0048] See attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 , Figure 5, the adjustment point and the first hinge 6 are respectively located on both sides of the second hinge; for example, specifically: the first hinge 6 is located on the left side of the adjustment arm 7, the second hinge is located in the middle of the adjustment arm 7, and the adjustment point is located on the right side of the adjustment arm 7. It can be understood that: the first hinge 6 can be exchanged with the adjustment point.

[0049] Secondly, when setting the position of the adjustment point, the adjustment point can be set between the first hinge 6 and the second hinge; the adjustment point can also be set on the left side of the adjustment arm 7, and the second hinge is set in the middle of the adjustment arm 7. The setting of the position can be selected according to actual needs.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first hinge 6 is located between the second hinge and the adjustment position, a fixed block 9 is extended outward from the back side of the vertical substrate 1, and the fixed block 9 is located below the adjustment position. The elastic force adjustment structure includes an adjustment column 3, and the adjustment column 3 is connected to the adjustment position of the adjustment arm 7, and the connection position of the adjustment column 3 can be adjusted. The fixed block 9 is provided with a through hole 4 for the adjustment column 3 to pass through, and the elastic unit includes an elastic member 5 for pushing the lower end of the adjustment column 3 downward.

[0051] In this technical solution, the first hinge 6 is arranged in the middle of the adjustment arm 7. For example, see the attached Figure 4 , Figure 5 , the second hinge can be set on the left side of the adjustment arm 7, and of course, the second hinge can also be set on the right side of the adjustment arm 7; when in use, the adjustment arm 7 moves downward under the action of the elastic member 5 and drives the right end of the adjustment arm 7 to move downward until the right end of the adjustment arm 7 abuts against the fixed block 9, and the middle part of the adjustment arm 7 is hinged with the vertical base plate 1 and rotates relative to the vertical base plate 1, so that the left end of the adjustment arm 7 moves upward and drives the lower pulley 8 to move upward, the lower pulley 8 abuts against the transverse guide rail 38, and cooperates with the upper pulley 2 to clamp the transverse guide rail 38. Since the adjustment column 3 can adjust the connection position with the adjustment arm 7, the position between the lower end of the adjustment column 3 and the fixed block 9 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the elastic member 5 and the force of the lower pulley 8 on the transverse guide rail 38. That is, the clamping force of the lower pulley 8 and the upper pulley 2 on the transverse guide rail 38 can be adjusted. When the lower pulley 8 and / or the upper pulley 2 are severely worn, the position of the adjusting column 3 can be adjusted to adjust the force of the elastic member 5 on the lower pulley 8 and the supporting force of the lower pulley 8 and the upper pulley 2 on the transverse guide rail 38. Alternatively, the force of the lower pulley 8 on the transverse guide rail 38 can be kept at the same size.

[0052] In this embodiment, exemplarily: the upper end of the adjusting column 3 is provided with an external thread, the adjusting portion of the adjusting arm 7 is provided with a threaded through hole, and the adjusting column 3 is threadedly connected to the adjusting arm 7; more preferably, the lower end of the adjusting column 3 is provided with a push block, and the two ends of the elastic member 5 are respectively connected to the fixed block 9 and the push block.

[0053] In order to facilitate the connection between the adjusting column 3 and the adjusting arm 7, the present technical solution exemplarily adopts a threaded connection structure, a threaded through hole is set at the adjustment position of the adjusting arm 7, an external thread is set at the upper end of the adjusting column 3, and the upper end of the adjusting column 3 is threadedly connected to the adjusting arm 7. The connection position of the adjusting column 3 and the adjusting arm 7 is adjusted by threaded connection.

[0054] Secondly, the elastic member 5 generally adopts a spring, etc. For the convenience of setting the spring, in this embodiment, a push block is exemplarily set at the lower end of the adjustment column 3, the spring is sleeved on the lower end of the adjustment column 3, and the two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the fixed block 9 and the abutment block; the adjustment column 3 is pushed downward by the elastic force of the spring, thereby driving the right end of the adjustment arm 7 to move downward. Secondly, it can be understood that when in use, the abutment block may not be set, and the lower end of the spring is directly connected to the adjustment column 3, such as by bonding, welding, etc., and the spring directly pushes the adjustment column 3 downward; the spring may also be replaced by an elastic steel wire, etc. Thirdly, the spring may also be replaced by a tension spring, which is set between the adjustment arm 7 and the fixed block 9, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the adjustment arm 7 and the fixed block 9. In order to facilitate the adjustment column 3 to pass through the fixed block 9, the through hole 4 on the fixed block 9 adopts a long strip, such as a waist-shaped hole. A through hole 4 with a larger aperture may also be used. This makes it so that the adjustment column 3 will not get stuck at the through hole 4 when it is in the adjustment position or when it moves with the adjustment arm 7. In addition, the adjusting column 3 and the push block can be assembled into a bolt, the head of the bolt constitutes the push block, and the rod of the bolt constitutes the adjusting column 3.

[0055] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 An upper extension column 22 that cooperates with the upper pulley assembly 17 extends outward from the upper end of the back side of the vertical base plate 1. An axial hole is provided in the middle of the upper extension column 22. The upper pulley assembly 17 includes the upper pulley 2 and an upper connecting shaft. The upper pulley 2 is connected to the upper extension column 22 through the connecting shaft and the upper pulley 2 can rotate relative to the upper extension column 22.

[0056] See attached Figure 5 When installing the upper pulley assembly 17, the thickness of the vertical base plate 1 may not be enough, so an upper extension column 22 is extended backward from the upper end of the back of the vertical base plate 1, and the upper extension column 22 is connected to the upper connecting shaft through the provided shaft hole; in order to enable the upper pulley 2 to rotate relative to the upper extension column 22, illustratively, the upper pulley 2 includes a sleeve and an inner bearing, the inner bearing is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting shaft, and one end of the upper connecting shaft is inserted into the shaft hole and connected to the upper extension column 22; in this embodiment, the upper connecting shaft adopts a bolt, and the shaft hole is a threaded hole, and the bolt passes through the bearing and is threadedly connected to the upper extension column 22. It can be understood that a bearing can be sleeved in the shaft hole, one end of the upper connecting shaft is connected to the bearing, and the other end of the upper connecting shaft is connected to the upper pulley 2; the upper connecting shaft and the upper pulley 2 rotate relative to the upper extension column 22 together.

[0057] Example 2: See Fig. 9 A laser processing device includes a two-dimensional plane moving mechanism and the above-mentioned laser processing head assembly 30, wherein the two-dimensional plane moving mechanism includes a longitudinal moving mechanism 28 located on both sides and a transverse moving mechanism 29 located in the middle, and the transverse moving mechanism 29 includes a transverse guide rail 38 and a belt transmission mechanism arranged on the transverse guide rail 38. The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38 are respectively provided with guide structures matching with the upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8. The upper pulley 2 and the lower pulley 8 are respectively in contact with the corresponding guide structures, and the belt of the belt transmission mechanism is connected to the vertical substrate 1.

[0058] At present, the laser processing head assembly 30 of the laser processing device is driven to move horizontally or vertically through a two-dimensional plane moving mechanism; the longitudinal moving mechanisms 28 located on both sides of the two-dimensional plane moving mechanism act on the two ends of the horizontal moving mechanism 29, and jointly drive the horizontal moving mechanism 29 to move vertically; the horizontal moving mechanism 29 is provided with a belt transmission mechanism, and the belt transmission mechanism drives the belt to move, and drives the vertical substrate 1 to move horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 38. In order to make the vertical substrate 1 move accurately, the vertical substrate 1 is provided with an upper pulley 2 and a lower pulley 8; the horizontal guide rail 38 is provided with a corresponding guide structure, so that the vertical substrate 1 can move linearly horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 38.

[0059] In this embodiment, for example, see Fig.10 The guide structure includes transverse guide grooves 40 arranged on the upper and lower end surfaces of the transverse guide rail 38. The upper pulley 2 moves laterally along the transverse guide groove 40 on the upper end surface of the transverse guide rail 38, and the lower pulley 8 moves laterally along the transverse guide groove 40 on the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 38.

[0060] Another method in this embodiment, for example, see Fig.13 , Fig.14 The upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel have concave annular grooves in the middle. The upper and lower end surfaces of the transverse guide rail 38 are respectively provided with transversely arranged guide columns 39 , and the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel move along the corresponding guide columns 39 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the belt transmission mechanism includes a driving pulley and a driven pulley and a belt connecting the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and a belt connecting structure connected to the belt and capable of adjusting the tension of the belt is provided on both sides of the vertical base plate 1. The middle part of the belt is disconnected, and the two ends of the disconnected part of the belt are respectively connected to the corresponding belt connecting structure.

[0062] See also Figure 3The belt connection structure includes a main connection block 31, which is connected to the side of the vertical substrate 1 through a connecting piece 36 and can adjust the distance between the main connection block 31 and the adjacent side of the vertical substrate 1; the front or back of the main connection block 31 is connected to a secondary connection block 34, and the two ends of the belt disconnecting part are respectively clamped between the corresponding main connection block 31 and the secondary connection block 34.

[0063] In this embodiment, a belt transmission mechanism is used to drive the vertical substrate 1 to move horizontally. When connected, the belt adopts an open-loop structure, and the middle of the belt is broken to form two ends, and the two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding belt connection structure. When connected, this embodiment exemplarily adopts a clamping structure, and the belt ends are clamped by the main connection block and the auxiliary connection block 34 to form a connection; during the working process, the belt transmission mechanism drives the belt to move and drives the vertical substrate 1 to move horizontally linearly. Secondly, during installation, the tension of the belt can be adjusted; when the belt is clamped between the main connection block 31 and the auxiliary connection block 34, the belt is in a tensioned state; because the main connection block 31 is connected to the side of the vertical substrate 1 through the connecting member 36, when the tension needs to be adjusted, the distance between the main connection block 31 and the vertical substrate 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the connecting member 36, so as to make a slight adjustment to the tension of the belt.

[0064] In this embodiment, two through holes 32 are provided on the side of the main connecting block 31, and connecting holes are provided on the side of the vertical substrate 1 corresponding to the through holes 32. One end of the connecting member 36 passes through the through hole 32 and is connected to the connecting hole. An adjustment gap is provided between the main connecting block 31 and the side of the vertical substrate 1, and the main connecting block 31 is connected to a position fixing member 37 for auxiliary fixing the position of the main connecting block 31.

[0065] The connecting member 36 is exemplarily a bolt, and the connecting hole is a threaded hole. One end of the bolt passes through the through hole 32 and is connected to the threaded hole; the head of the bolt abuts against the main connecting block. When adjusting the length of the adjustment gap, it can be adjusted by rotating the bolt. Due to the existence of the adjustment gap, the main connecting block 31 can move along the screw rod of the bolt, which may cause shaking during the movement. To avoid this situation, the main connecting block 31 is connected to a position fixing member 37 in this embodiment, and the main connecting block 31 is connected and fixed to the connecting member 36 by the position fixing member 37. Exemplarily, the position fixing member 37 in this embodiment is a nut, and the nut is threadedly connected to the rod of the bolt. The nut is rotated to make the nut abut against the main connecting block 31. It can be understood that in order to prevent the nut from loosening, a side threaded hole can be set on the side of the nut and a screw can be connected, or two or more nuts can be connected to the rod of the bolt to reduce the probability of the nut loosening.

[0066] It can be understood that the connecting member 36 can be a screw rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical substrate 1, and the other end of the screw rod is connected to two nuts, which are respectively located on both sides of the main connecting block 31. The distance between the main connecting block 31 and the vertical substrate 1 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the two nuts.

[0067] See also Figure 3 as well as Fig.13 A concave hole 33 is provided in the middle of the main connecting block 31 , and the auxiliary connecting block 34 is located in the concave hole 33 . Both the main connecting block 31 and the auxiliary connecting block 34 are provided with connecting holes and are connected by a connecting piece 35 .

[0068] To facilitate the connection between the main connecting block 31 and the auxiliary connecting block 34, a recessed hole 33 is set in the middle of the main connecting block 31 in the embodiment of the present application, so that the auxiliary connecting block 34 is confined in the recessed hole 33 during installation; to facilitate the connection, for example, the connecting member 35 is a bolt, the screw end of the bolt passes through the main connecting block 31 and the auxiliary connecting block 34 and is connected to the fixing nut. Through the connection between the bolt and the nut, the main connecting block 31 and the auxiliary connecting block 34 are clamped, and at the same time, the end of the belt is clamped between the main connecting block 31 and the auxiliary connecting block 34.

[0069] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 The back of the vertical substrate 1 is connected with a zeroing rod assembly for focusing, and the zeroing rod assembly includes a zeroing rod 10, and a spiral side edge 11 is provided on the middle side of the zeroing rod 10. The back of the vertical substrate 1 is provided with two parallel connecting plates 12, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting plate 12 for the zeroing rod 10 to pass through. An adjusting ring 23 is sleeved in the middle of the zeroing rod 10, and a ball 27 is embedded in the inner side of the adjusting ring 23, and the ball 27 abuts against the lower end surface of the side edge 11. The adjusting ring 23 is located between the two connecting plates 12; driving wheel assemblies are respectively provided on both sides of the adjusting ring 23, and the driving wheel assembly includes a driving wheel 13 and a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the driving wheel 13 The driving wheel 13 is located between the two connecting plates 12, and the edge of the driving wheel 13 protrudes from the connecting plate 12 and abuts against the transverse guide rail 38; the connecting plates 12 are each provided with a guiding structure for guiding the connecting shaft to move left and right, and the connecting shaft is connected to the guiding structure; a reverse wheel assembly is provided between one of the driving wheel assemblies and the adjusting ring 23, and the reverse wheel assembly includes a reverse wheel 26 and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the reverse wheel 26, the reverse wheel 26 abuts against the adjusting ring 23, and the two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively fixed to the corresponding connecting plates 12; an upper fixed block 18 is provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate 1, and the upper fixed block 18 is connected to a guide cylinder 41 for guiding the zeroing rod 10 to move up and down.

[0070] Preferably, the upper end of the zero return rod 10 is connected to a sensing block 20 , and the upper end of the vertical substrate 1 is provided with a sensor 21 matched with the sensing block 20 , and the sensor 21 is provided with a sensing hole corresponding to the sensing block 20 .

[0071] Currently, many laser processing devices need to focus the laser processing head assembly 30 when performing laser processing; when focusing the laser processing head assembly 30, the laser processing device system needs to collect a zero value signal, that is, the laser processing head assembly 30 is at a height of 0, and then the laser processing device system will drive the workbench or the laser processing head assembly 30 to move a predetermined distance so that the distance between the laser processing head assembly 30 and the workpiece on the workbench reaches the focal length. When determining the 0 height, a fixed zeroing rod 10 is generally set on the laser processing head assembly 30, and the laser processing head assembly 30 is first slowly driven downward until the zeroing rod 10 touches the workpiece; since the lower end surface of the zeroing rod 10 is lower than the lower end surface of the laser processing head assembly 30, it is easy for the zeroing rod 10 to collide with foreign objects on the workpiece or on the workbench during engraving, thereby damaging the foreign objects or the zeroing rod 10; for this reason, in the embodiment of the present application, a movable zeroing rod assembly is designed, and when it is necessary to determine the 0 height, the zeroing rod 10 moves downward to the zeroing position under its own gravity and under the guidance of the guide cylinder 41, and at this time the induction block 20 abuts against the guide cylinder 41 and is located below the induction hole; at this time, the laser processing device system drives the laser processing head assembly 30 to move downward, or drives the workbench to move upward, until the workpiece on the workbench contacts the zeroing rod 10, and the workpiece and the zeroing rod 10 contacts, there will be a slight force on the zeroing rod 10, causing the zeroing rod 10 to move upward a small distance, such as 0.1MM; after the sensor 21 senses, the laser processing device system controls the laser processing head assembly 30 or the workbench to stop, at which time the distance between the laser processing head assembly 30 and the workpiece is the initial 0 value; then the laser processing device system controls the laser processing head assembly 30 to rise or the workbench to descend a predetermined distance; then laser processing is performed, during laser processing, the laser processing head assembly 30 will move laterally along the transverse guide rail 38 to engrave or cut the surface of the workpiece, when the laser processing head assembly 30 moves laterally along the transverse guide rail 38, since the driving wheel 13 of the driving wheel assembly abuts against the transverse guide rail 38, the driving wheel 13 will be subjected to the friction force of the transverse guide rail 38 on it, and the friction force will first drive the driving wheel assembly to move laterally, and then drive the driving wheel 13 of the driving wheel assembly to rotate.

[0072] In this embodiment, the reverse wheel assembly is exemplarily arranged on the left side, and the reverse wheel 26 is located between the driving wheel 13 on the left and the adjusting ring 23; during operation, when the laser processing head assembly 30 moves to the right, the friction force of the transverse guide rail 38 on the driving wheel assembly is directed to the left, hindering its movement, so the two driving wheel assemblies will move to the left under the guidance of the guide structure, and at this time the driving wheel 13 of the driving wheel assembly on the right will abut against the adjusting ring 23; the driving wheel 13 of the driving wheel assembly on the right will be separated from the reverse wheel 26, and the driving wheel 13 will abut against the transverse guide rail 38, and will rotate during the movement, and at this time the rotation direction of the driving wheel 13 is set to be clockwise, and the driving wheel 13 on the right drives the adjusting ring 23 to rotate, and the rotation direction of the adjusting ring 23 is opposite to the rotation direction of the driving wheel 13 The rotation direction of the adjusting ring 23 is counterclockwise, and the ball 27 inside the adjusting ring 23 will move downward along the lower end surface of the side edge 11 on the side of the zeroing rod 10. Since the adjusting ring 23 is restricted between the two connecting plates 12, the ball 27 will push the side edge 11 upward and push the zeroing rod 10 to move upward, and the zeroing rod 10 is hidden between the vertical base plate 1 and the horizontal guide rail 38; until the ball 27 comes to the bottom of the side edge 11, when the ball 27 leaves the side edge 11, the side edge 11 moves downward a short distance under the action of gravity, and the side edge 11 will contact with the ball 27 again, and the ball 27 will push the side edge 11 upward again, and so on and so forth; in this process, the lower end surface of the zeroing rod 10 is always located above the lower end surface of the vertical base plate 1, in a hidden state, thereby avoiding collision with foreign objects.

[0073] When the laser processing head assembly 30 moves to the left, the two driving wheel assemblies will move to the left, the driving wheel 13 on the right will separate from the adjusting ring 23, and the driving wheel 13 on the left will abut against the reverse wheel 26. At the same time, under the friction of the transverse guide rail 38, the driving wheels 13 will rotate. At this time, the rotation direction of the driving wheel 13 is counterclockwise; the rotation direction of the reverse wheel 26 is clockwise, and the rotation direction of the adjusting ring 23 is counterclockwise. Therefore, the adjusting ring 23 will also drive the zeroing rod 10 to move upward and be hidden between the vertical substrate 1 and the transverse guide rail 38.

[0074] When the ball 27 is embedded in the adjusting ring 23, a spherical crown-shaped inner concave hole matching the ball 27 can be provided on the inner side of the adjusting ring 23, and the opening diameter of the inner concave hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the ball 27. Then, the ball 27 is assembled by cold shrinkage method, and the ball 27 rotates freely in the inner concave hole.

[0075] Preferably, the guiding structure includes a transverse groove 15 arranged on the connecting plate 12, and the end of the connecting shaft passes through the transverse groove 15; more preferably, the outer end surface of the connecting plate 12 is provided with a countersunk hole 16, and the end of the connecting shaft is connected to a slider 14, and the slider 14 is located in the countersunk hole 16.

[0076] When the laser processing head assembly 30 is working, the driving wheel assembly will move left and right along with the laser processing head assembly 30. In order to make the driving wheel 13 and the connecting shaft of the driving wheel assembly move in a directional and horizontal manner during movement, a horizontal slide groove 15 that cooperates with the connecting shaft is provided in this embodiment; the horizontal slide groove 15 can be waist-shaped; secondly, in order to prevent the driving wheel 13 from shaking, a countersunk hole 16 and a slider 14 are also provided in this embodiment. The countersunk hole 16 is rectangular, and a connecting hole that cooperates with the connecting shaft is provided in the middle of the slider 14. The slider 14 is connected to the connecting shaft by interference fit. The slider 14 is rectangular and is located in the countersunk hole 16. The slider 14 moves along the length direction of the countersunk hole 16.

[0077] In this embodiment, illustratively, the cross-section of the upper end of the zero return rod 10 is polygonal, and the cross-section of the internal space of the guide cylinder 41 is also a corresponding polygon; more preferably, a spring 19 is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide cylinder 41, and the two ends of the spring 19 are respectively connected to the sensing block 20 and the upper fixed block 18.

[0078] In order to enable the zeroing rod 10 to move linearly up and down along the guide cylinder 41 without rotation or shaking, the present embodiment exemplarily sets the interior of the zeroing rod 10 and the guide cylinder 41 into a polygon; the zeroing rod 10 moves up and down along the guide cylinder 41 without rotation or the like; of course, other structures can also be used, such as setting a linear bearing in the guide cylinder 41, and the upper end of the zeroing rod 10 is sleeved with the linear bearing. Secondly, when the zeroing rod 10 is descending, if it completely relies on its own gravity, it is necessary to use a zeroing rod 10 with a large mass, and use a material with a high cost, which is high in cost; the present application exemplarily uses a spring 19, and the zeroing rod 10 is pushed downward by elastic force, so that the cost of the zeroing rod 10 can be effectively reduced, and the zeroing rod 10 can use a hollow rod, etc.

[0079] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The side of the zero return rod 10 is provided with a double-helix side edge 11, and a gap 24 matching with the ball 27 is formed inside the double-helix side edge 11, and the ball 27 abuts against the side surfaces on both sides of the gap 24.

[0080] See also Figure 6 The lower end of the zero return rod 10 is provided with an open-loop annular sheet 25, and an opening is formed on one side of the annular sheet 25. The opening is arranged opposite to the lower end of the side edge 11 of the double helix, and the two ends of the opening of the annular sheet 25 are respectively connected to the side edge 11. The annular sheet 25 is arranged obliquely, and the opening of the annular sheet 25 is the highest point. The bottom surface of the annular sheet 25 is arranged in an arc shape.

[0081] In this embodiment, by setting the double-helix side edge 11, the ball 27 can only move along the gap 24 inside the double-helix side edge 11, and the gap 24 is spiral. This design can prevent the zeroing rod 10 from shaking up and down and causing partial deformation of the side edge 11 when the ball 27 drives the side edge 11 and the zeroing rod 10 to move upward. Secondly, when the zeroing rod 10 moves upward, when the lower end of the side edge 11 on the zeroing rod 10 is separated from the ball 27, the zeroing rod 10 will not drop directly, and the ball 27 can continue to move along the annular sheet 25, thereby reducing the height difference of the zeroing rod 10 jumping up and down. Secondly, when the laser engraving head is adjusted to zero, since the annular sheet 25 is inclined, the zeroing rod 10 moves downward under the drive of gravity and elastic force, and the ball 27 moves along the annular sheet 25 to the opening of the annular sheet 25 and enters the double-helix side edge 11, and then the adjustment ring 23 rotates, and the zeroing rod 10 continues to move downward.

[0082] Preferably, the lower end of the zero return rod 10 is threadedly connected with a sleeve; more preferably, a fastening threaded hole is provided on the side of the sleeve, and a fastening bolt is provided in the fastening threaded hole.

[0083] The length of the zeroing rod 10 is very important for the focusing of the laser focal length. If the processing accuracy of the zeroing rod 10 is high, it will inevitably lead to increased costs. The present technical solution adopts a bolt-sleeve method, which can reduce the processing accuracy requirements of the zeroing rod 10. When in use, the zeroing rod 10 is threadedly connected to the sleeve, and the total length of the zeroing rod 10 and the sleeve is adjusted by adjusting the use length of the sleeve. Therefore, the processing technology requirements can be reduced and the processing cost can be reduced. Secondly, in order to prevent the sleeve from changing position during use, a fastening bolt is used to fix it.

[0084] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the concept of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. The content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser processing device, characterized in that: It includes a two-dimensional plane moving mechanism and a laser processing head assembly; The laser processing head assembly includes: a vertical substrate, at least two upper pulley assemblies are provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the upper pulley assembly includes an upper pulley abutting against the upper end surface of the transverse guide rail, and the upper pulley can rotate relative to the vertical substrate, and at least one lower pulley elastic assembly is provided at the lower end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the lower pulley elastic assembly includes a lower pulley abutting against the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail and an elastic unit used to push the lower pulley toward the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail and capable of adjusting the thrust on the lower pulley; The two-dimensional plane moving mechanism includes a longitudinal moving mechanism located on both sides and a transverse moving mechanism located in the middle, the transverse moving mechanism includes a transverse guide rail and a belt transmission mechanism arranged on the transverse guide rail, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail are respectively provided with a guide structure matched with an upper pulley and a lower pulley, the upper pulley and the lower pulley are respectively in contact with the corresponding guide structure, and the belt of the belt transmission mechanism is connected to the vertical base plate; The back of the vertical substrate is connected to a zeroing rod assembly for focusing, the zeroing rod assembly includes a zeroing rod, a spiral side edge is provided on the middle side of the zeroing rod, two parallel connecting plates are provided on the back of the vertical substrate, a through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting plate for the zeroing rod to pass through, an adjusting ring is sleeved on the middle of the zeroing rod, a ball is embedded in the inner side of the adjusting ring, the ball abuts against the lower end surface of the side edge, and the adjusting ring is located between the two connecting plates; driving wheel assemblies are respectively provided on both sides of the adjusting ring, the driving wheel assembly includes a driving wheel and a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the driving wheel, the driving wheel is located between the two connecting plates, and the edge of the driving wheel protrudes from the connecting plate and Abutting against the transverse guide rail; the connecting plates are all provided with a guiding structure for guiding the connecting shaft to move left and right, and the connecting shaft is connected to the guiding structure; a reverse wheel assembly is provided between one of the driving wheel assemblies and the adjusting ring, the reverse wheel assembly includes a reverse wheel and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the reverse wheel, the reverse wheel abuts against the adjusting ring, and the two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively fixed to the corresponding connecting plates; an upper fixed block is provided at the upper end of the back side of the vertical substrate, the upper fixed block is connected with a guide cylinder for guiding the zeroing rod to move up and down, the upper end of the zeroing rod is connected with a sensing block, and a sensor matching the sensing block is provided at the upper end of the vertical substrate, and the sensor is provided with a sensing hole corresponding to the sensing block.

2. The laser processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pulley elastic component includes an adjusting arm and an elastic unit. The adjusting arm is provided with a first hinge for rotationally connecting with the vertical base plate, a second hinge for rotationally connecting with the lower pulley, and an adjusting portion connected with the elastic unit. The elastic unit is provided with an elastic force adjusting structure for adjusting the elastic force.

3. The laser processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hinge is located between the second hinge and the adjustment part, a fixed block is extended outward from the back side of the vertical base plate, and the fixed block is located below the adjustment part, the elastic force adjustment structure includes an adjustment column, the adjustment column is connected to the adjustment part of the adjustment arm, and the connection position of the adjustment column can be adjusted, the fixed block is provided with a through hole for the adjustment column to pass through, and the elastic unit includes an elastic member for pushing the lower end of the adjustment column downward; the upper end of the adjustment column is provided with an external thread, the adjustment part of the adjustment arm is provided with a threaded through hole, and the adjustment column is threadedly connected to the adjustment arm; the lower end of the adjustment column is provided with a push block, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the fixed block and the push block.

4. The laser processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt transmission mechanism includes a driving pulley and a driven pulley and a belt connecting the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and belt connection structures connected to the belt and capable of adjusting the belt tension are respectively provided on both sides of the vertical substrate; the belt is disconnected in the middle, and the two ends of the disconnected part of the belt are respectively connected to the corresponding belt connection structures; the belt connection structure includes a main connection block, which is connected to the side of the vertical substrate through a connecting piece and can adjust the distance between the main connection block and the adjacent side of the vertical substrate; an auxiliary connection block is connected to the front or back of the main connection block, and the two ends of the disconnected part of the belt are respectively clamped between the corresponding main connection block and the auxiliary connection block.

5. The laser processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the main connection block is provided with a plurality of through holes, the side of the vertical substrate is provided with connecting holes corresponding to the through holes, one end of the connecting piece passes through the through holes and is connected to the connecting hole, an adjustment gap is provided between the main connection block and the side of the vertical substrate, and the main connection block is connected with a position fixing piece for auxiliary fixing the position of the main connection block; a concave hole is provided in the middle of the main connection block, and the auxiliary connection block is located in the concave hole, and the main connection block and the auxiliary connection block are both provided with connecting holes and are connected by the connecting piece.

6. The laser processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding structure comprises a transverse sliding groove arranged on the connecting plate, and the end of the connecting shaft passes through the transverse sliding groove.

7. The laser processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end surface of the connecting plate is provided with a countersunk hole, the end of the connecting shaft is connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is located in the countersunk hole.

8. The laser processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the zeroing rod is provided with a double-helix side edge, and a gap matching with the ball is formed inside the side edge of the double helix, and the ball abuts against the sides on both sides of the gap; the lower end of the zeroing rod is provided with an open-loop annular sheet, and an opening is formed on one side of the annular sheet, and the opening is arranged opposite to the lower end of the double-helix side edge, and the two ends of the opening of the annular sheet are respectively connected to the side edge, the annular sheet is arranged obliquely, the opening of the annular sheet is the highest point, and the bottom surface of the annular sheet is arranged in an arc shape.

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