Laminated glass and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle glass, in particular to a laminated glass and a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises laminated outer glass plates, inner glass plates, bonding layers and non-metallic reflective films. The outer glass plates have first surfaces and second surfaces. The inner glass plates have third surfaces and fourth surfaces. The bonding layers are located between the second surfaces and the third surfaces. The non-metallic reflective films are located between the second surfaces and the bonding layers, between the bonding layers and the third surfaces, on the fourth surfaces or in the bonding layers. The solar direct reflectivity RE of the laminated glass measured from the first surfaces satisfies the condition: RE >= 12%. The application solves the heat insulation problem of the whole vehicle and is beneficial to guaranteeing the wireless communication quality in the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle glass technology, and in particular to a laminated glass and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rise of new energy vehicles, automotive design not only pursues innovation and style but also emphasizes energy efficiency and environmental protection. A low drag coefficient is key to achieving this goal, as it significantly reduces air resistance during driving, thereby lowering energy consumption and extending the driving range of electric vehicles. To meet the demand for low drag, many automakers have begun to adopt large panoramic windshields, sunroofs, and rear windows. These designs not only enhance the vehicle's aesthetic appeal but also provide passengers with a wider field of vision. However, with the increase in the area covered by vehicle glass, heat insulation becomes a particularly prominent issue. Large areas of glass easily absorb solar radiation, leading to increased interior temperatures. This not only affects passenger comfort but also increases the energy consumption of the air conditioning system, offsetting the energy efficiency advantages brought by low drag design. Therefore, heat insulation has become an indispensable consideration in vehicle thermal management.

[0003] To address the issue of heat insulation, automakers largely utilize the high reflectivity of metallic coatings to block infrared and ultraviolet rays from solar radiation, thereby effectively reducing heat buildup inside the vehicle. For example, metallic-coated glass is obtained by depositing a metallic coating or alloy layer directly onto a surface of laminated glass, or metallic-coated PET is obtained by depositing a metallic coating onto a PET film, which is then applied to laminated glass.

[0004] However, while the aforementioned use of metal coatings for reflection can provide heat insulation, it has been found that laminated glass with metal coatings can affect the electromagnetic environment around the antenna. This may shield the electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the antenna, leading to signal attenuation, reduced antenna sensitivity and coverage, and impacting the quality of wireless communication inside the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the first aspect of this application provides a laminated glass, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] The laminated glass provided in this application includes a stacked outer glass plate, an inner glass plate, an adhesive layer, and a non-metallic reflective film. The outer glass plate has a first surface and a second surface, the inner glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface, the adhesive layer is located between the second surface and the third surface, and the non-metallic reflective film is located between the second surface and the adhesive layer, or between the adhesive layer and the third surface, or above the fourth surface, or within the adhesive layer.

[0007] The direct solar reflectance RE of the laminated glass, measured from one side of the first surface, satisfies the following condition: RE ≥ 12%.

[0008] The non-metallic reflective film comprises alternating layers of high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer, wherein the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is denoted as n1 and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is denoted as n2, and n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥0.05.

[0009] The non-metallic reflective film further includes a polymer film, wherein the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are alternately stacked on at least one surface of the polymer film.

[0010] The non-metallic reflective film further includes a color adjustment layer, which is in direct contact only with the high refractive index layer in the non-metallic reflective film, or in direct contact only with the low refractive index layer in the non-metallic reflective film, or located between adjacent high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers.

[0011] The thickness of the color adjustment layer is 0.1μm~15μm, or 1μm~10μm.

[0012] The thickness of the non-metallic reflective film is 40μm~200μm.

[0013] The materials of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are both inorganic compounds, and the total number of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 4 to 20 layers.

[0014] The laminated glass includes at least one of the following features:

[0015] (1) The material of the high refractive index layer is an oxide, nitride or oxynitride, and n1 satisfies: n1≥2.0;

[0016] (2) The material of the low refractive index layer is an oxide or a fluoride, and n2 satisfies: n2≤1.8;

[0017] (3) n1-n2≥0.2, or n1-n2≥0.5, or n1-n2≥0.8, or n1-n2≥1.0;

[0018] (4) The material of the high refractive index layer is selected from oxides, nitrides or nitrogen oxides of at least one element selected from Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu and Sm;

[0019] (5) The material of the low refractive index layer is selected from oxides or fluorides of at least one of the elements Si, Al and Mg.

[0020] The high-refractive-index layer and the low-refractive-index layer are both made of organic polymers. The total number of high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers is 50 to 5000. The organic polymers are selected from at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic polyolefins, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetherimide; n1-n2≤0.15, or n1-n2≤0.1.

[0021] The laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 75% for near-infrared light with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from one side of the first surface.

[0022] Specifically, within the frequency range of 30MHz-3000MHz, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum signal attenuation of the laminated glass is ≤10dB.

[0023] Wherein, the visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is greater than or equal to 85%, or the visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is greater than 75% and less than or equal to 80%, or the visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is less than or equal to 60%.

[0024] Wherein, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is greater than or equal to 70%, the total solar energy transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 60%, the RE is ≥20%, and the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass measured from the first surface side is less than or equal to 15%.

[0025] The laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of less than or equal to 10% and a total solar energy transmittance of less than or equal to 30%.

[0026] Wherein, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is greater than or equal to 70%, the total solar energy transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 55%, and the RE is ≥ 20%.

[0027] The non-metallic reflective film has a shrinkage rate of 2% to 4.5% in the machine direction (MD) and a shrinkage rate of 1.1% to 4% in the transverse direction (TD).

[0028] The minimum distance between the outline boundary of the non-metallic reflective film and the outline boundary of the laminated glass is 5mm to 20mm.

[0029] Specifically, the Lab value of the outer surface reflection color of the laminated glass is measured from one side of the first surface, and the a value satisfies -2 to 0 and the b value satisfies -2 to 0.5; or, the a value satisfies -1 to 0 and the b value satisfies -1 to 0.5; or, the a value satisfies -0.5 to 0 and the b value satisfies -0.5 to 0.5.

[0030] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes the laminated glass described above.

[0031] Compared with traditional solutions, this application has the following advantages:

[0032] This application incorporates a non-metallic reflective film into laminated glass, directly replacing traditional metal coatings. This film not only reflects infrared rays, addressing the heat insulation issue in vehicle thermal management, but also, compared to metal coatings, the dielectric constant of the laminated glass with the added non-metallic reflective film is closer to that of the surrounding air. This avoids interference with the electromagnetic environment around the antenna, providing minimal shielding of the electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the antenna and ensuring high signal transmittance, thus guaranteeing the quality of wireless communication within the vehicle. Furthermore, unlike deposited metal coatings which are susceptible to color differences due to process adjustments, the non-metallic reflective film is less affected by process adjustments, avoiding color differences and contributing to the overall appearance and aesthetics of the vehicle. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of the non-metallic reflective film is lower than that of depositing metal coatings, contributing to reduced product costs. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application and to more completely understand this application and its beneficial effects, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the laminated glass provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the laminated glass provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the laminated glass provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the laminated glass provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the non-metallic reflective film provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the non-metallic reflective film provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a top view of the laminated glass provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0043] the term

[0044] Unless otherwise stated or in case of contradiction, the terms or phrases used herein shall have the following meanings:

[0045] In this application, the terms "multiple", "various", "multiple times", "multi-dimensional", etc., unless otherwise specified, refer to a quantity greater than or equal to 2. For example, "one or more" means one or more or more.

[0046] In this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., serve only as a non-exhaustive enumeration and should be understood not to constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0047] The first aspect of this application provides a laminated glass, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 In a first embodiment, the laminated glass 01 includes a stacked outer glass plate 11, an inner glass plate 12, an adhesive layer 13, and a non-metallic reflective film 14. The outer glass plate 11 has a first surface 11A and a second surface 11B, the inner glass plate 12 has a third surface 12A and a fourth surface 12B, the adhesive layer 13 is located between the second surface 11B and the third surface 12A, and the non-metallic reflective film 14 is located between the second surface 11B and the adhesive layer 13.

[0048] Please see Figure 2In the second embodiment, the laminated glass 02 includes a stacked outer glass plate 21, an inner glass plate 22, an adhesive layer 23, and a non-metallic reflective film 24. The outer glass plate 21 has a first surface 21A and a second surface 21B, the inner glass plate 22 has a third surface 22A and a fourth surface 22B, the adhesive layer 23 is located between the second surface 21B and the third surface 22A, and the non-metallic reflective film 24 is located between the adhesive layer 23 and the third surface 22A.

[0049] Please see Figure 3 In the third embodiment, the laminated glass 03 includes an outer glass plate 31, an inner glass plate 32, an adhesive layer 33, and a non-metallic reflective film 34 stacked together. The outer glass plate 31 has a first surface 31A and a second surface 31B. The inner glass plate 32 has a third surface 32A and a fourth surface 32B. The adhesive layer 33 is located between the second surface 31B and the third surface 32A. The non-metallic reflective film 34 is located on the fourth surface 32B.

[0050] Please see Figure 4 In the fourth embodiment, the laminated glass 04 includes a stacked outer glass plate 41, an inner glass plate 42, an adhesive layer 43, and a non-metallic reflective film 44. The outer glass plate 41 has a first surface 41A and a second surface 41B, and the inner glass plate 42 has a third surface 42A and a fourth surface 42B. The adhesive layer 43 is located between the second surface 41B and the third surface 42A, and the adhesive layer 43 includes a stacked first adhesive layer 431 and a second adhesive layer 432. The non-metallic reflective film 44 is located between the first adhesive layer 431 and the second adhesive layer 432. In other embodiments, the non-metallic reflective film may also be located within the adhesive layer in other structures.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the first surface is the outer surface of the laminated glass facing the outside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface is the inner surface of the laminated glass facing the inside of the vehicle. The solar direct reflectance (RE) of the laminated glass, measured from the first surface side, satisfies: RE ≥ 12%. All the above embodiments incorporate a non-metallic reflective film into the laminated glass, which can reflect infrared rays, solving the heat insulation problem in vehicle thermal management. Further optionally, the solar direct reflectance (RE) of the laminated glass, measured from the first surface side, satisfies: RE ≥ 20%. Further optionally, the solar direct reflectance (RE) of the laminated glass, measured from the first surface side, satisfies: RE ≥ 45%. A higher solar direct reflectance (RE) indicates better heat insulation performance of the laminated glass.

[0052] In some embodiments, the laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 75% for near-infrared radiation with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from the first surface side. Further, the laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 80% for near-infrared radiation with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from the first surface side. Even further, the laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 85% for near-infrared radiation with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from the first surface side. Even more specifically, the laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 90% for near-infrared radiation with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from the first surface side. Since human skin is highly sensitive to heat in the wavelength range around 1000nm, the laminated glass provided in this application, while possessing good heat insulation performance, can further enhance the comfort of passengers inside the vehicle.

[0053] Traditional laminated glass, when coated with a metal layer, has a dielectric constant different from that of the surrounding air. Furthermore, the metal possesses specific electromagnetic properties, which can affect the electromagnetic environment around the antenna. This can shield the electromagnetic signals emitted by the antenna, leading to signal attenuation and consequently impacting the antenna's transmission and reception efficiency, sensitivity, and coverage, ultimately affecting the quality of wireless communication within the vehicle. In contrast, adding a non-metallic reflective film to the laminated glass avoids this impact on the electromagnetic environment around the antenna, providing minimal shielding of the emitted electromagnetic signals. This ensures high transmittance for signals such as 5G, WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS, ETC, and universal garage door opener signals, minimizing signal attenuation. Optionally, within the frequency range of 30MHz-3000MHz, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum signal attenuation of the laminated glass is ≤10dB, thus maintaining consistent signal transmission across the entire frequency band within the 30MHz-3000MHz range. Further optionally, within the frequency range of 30MHz-3000MHz, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum signal attenuation of the laminated glass is ≤8dB. Further optionally, within the frequency range of 30MHz-3000MHz, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum signal attenuation of the laminated glass is ≤5dB.

[0054] Furthermore, deposited metal coatings are prone to color variations due to issues such as production process adjustments. Laminated glass with deposited metal coatings in existing technologies often exhibits a bluish or bluish-green tint, making the color deviation quite noticeable. In contrast, non-metallic reflective films are less affected by process adjustments, avoiding color variation issues and contributing to the overall appearance and aesthetics of the vehicle.

[0055] Furthermore, the deposition process for metallic coatings is relatively complex, requiring specialized equipment and materials, resulting in higher production costs. In contrast, non-metallic reflective films do not contain elemental metals such as Ag, Au, Cu, Al, Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, and Mn, leading to relatively lower production costs and contributing to lower overall automotive costs.

[0056] In summary, adding a non-metallic reflective film to laminated glass not only reflects infrared rays, addressing the heat insulation issue in vehicle thermal management, but also, compared to metallic coatings, the dielectric constant of laminated glass with a non-metallic reflective film is closer to that of the surrounding air. This avoids interference with the electromagnetic environment around the antenna, provides minimal shielding of the electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the antenna, and ensures high signal transmittance, thus guaranteeing the quality of wireless communication within the vehicle. Furthermore, unlike deposited metallic coatings which are susceptible to color differences due to process adjustments, non-metallic reflective films are less affected by process adjustments, avoiding color differences and contributing to the overall appearance and aesthetics of the vehicle. Moreover, the deposition cost of non-metallic reflective films is lower than that of metallic coatings, helping to reduce production costs.

[0057] Optionally, the thickness of the non-metallic reflective film is 40 μm to 200 μm. For example, the thickness of the non-metallic reflective film is 40 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 150 μm, 180 μm, or 200 μm. More optionally, the thickness of the non-metallic reflective film is 50 μm to 100 μm.

[0058] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The non-metallic reflective film comprises alternating layers of a high-refractive-index layer 401 and a low-refractive-index layer 402. The refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer 401 is denoted as n1, and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer 402 is denoted as n2. n1 and n2 satisfy the following condition: n1 - n2 ≥ 0.05. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy the following condition: n1 - n2 ≥ 0.2. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy the following condition: n1 - n2 ≥ 0.5. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy the following condition: n1 - n2 ≥ 0.8.

[0059] Optionally, the non-metallic reflective film further includes a polymer film 400, wherein the high-refractive-index layer 401 and the low-refractive-index layer 402 are alternately stacked on at least one surface of the polymer film 400. The polymer film 400 can be used to support the high-refractive-index layer 401 and the low-refractive-index layer 402. Optionally, the material of the polymer film 400 is selected from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), etc.

[0060] Laminated glass can be used as windshields, sunroofs, and car windows. After rain, raindrops adhere to the surface of the laminated glass. These raindrops are irregular in shape and size, but they all act as tiny lenses. When light passes through these raindrops, it is further refracted and scattered, causing the path of the light to change. Traditional laminated glass with an added metallic coating often results in more complex and colorful reflected light when water droplets adhere to its first surface, creating a visually vibrant effect. Furthermore, the observed colors may differ depending on the observer's position and angle.

[0061] To avoid the complex and colorful appearance of raindrops on the laminated glass, the non-metallic reflective film may optionally include a color adjustment layer 403. This color adjustment layer 403 can absorb specific colors in visible light, thereby causing the outer surface of the laminated glass to reflect a specific color, such as neutral gray, making the reflected color more uniform and reducing the generation of iridescent colors caused by raindrops.

[0062] In this application, the color adjustment layer 403 can be formed using magnetron sputtering, sol-gel processes, or co-extrusion. In some embodiments, both the high-refractive-index layer and the low-refractive-index layer are made of inorganic compounds, and the color adjustment layer 403 can be formed using magnetron sputtering or sol-gel processes. In other embodiments, both the high-refractive-index layer and the low-refractive-index layer are made of organic polymers, and the color adjustment layer 403 can be formed using magnetron sputtering, sol-gel processes, or co-extrusion processes.

[0063] Specifically, the color adjustment layer 403 can absorb specific colors of visible light. For example, the color adjustment layer 403 can absorb red light with a wavelength in the range of 620nm to 750nm, and the color adjustment layer 403 contains a red light absorber, which can be exemplified by a dye-based red light absorber or a pigment-based red light absorber. Alternatively, the color adjustment layer 403 can absorb blue light with a wavelength in the range of 420nm to 480nm, and the color adjustment layer 403 contains a blue light absorber... The absorber, for example, can be an azo blue light absorber, an isoindolinone blue light absorber, a quinoline ketone blue light absorber, a benzimidazolone blue light absorber, or an organic-inorganic composite blue light absorber; or, for example, the color adjustment layer 403 can absorb yellow light in the wavelength range of 570nm to 590nm, and the color adjustment layer 403 contains a yellow light absorber, which can be, for example, a metal coordination compound, an azo dye, or a conjugated polycyclic organic compound containing heteroatoms.

[0064] exist Figure 5In this process, the color adjustment layer 403 is the layer furthest from the polymer film 400 in the non-metallic reflective film, and the color adjustment layer 403 is in direct contact only with the low refractive index layer 402 in the non-metallic reflective film.

[0065] exist Figure 6 In this process, the color adjustment layer 403 is the layer closest to the polymer film 400 in the non-metallic reflective film, and the color adjustment layer 403 is in direct contact only with the high refractive index layer 401 in the non-metallic reflective film.

[0066] In some embodiments, the color adjustment layer 403 may also be located between adjacent high refractive index layer 401 and low refractive index layer 402.

[0067] Optionally, the color adjustment layer 403 is the layer of the non-metallic reflective film closest to the first surface.

[0068] Optionally, the layer closest to the first surface in the non-metallic reflective film is a high refractive index layer.

[0069] Optionally, the layer closest to the first surface in the non-metallic reflective film is a low-refractive-index layer.

[0070] Optionally, the thickness of the color adjustment layer is 1μm to 10μm. For example, the thickness of the color adjustment layer is 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, or 10μm.

[0071] Optionally, the visible light transmittance TL1 of the non-metallic reflective film excluding the color adjustment layer satisfies: TL1≥85%. Further optionally, TL1 satisfies: TL1≥90%.

[0072] Optionally, the visible light transmittance TL2 of the non-metallic reflective film including the color adjustment layer satisfies: 75% < TL2 ≤ 80. This can be applied to laminated glass with higher visible light transmittance.

[0073] Optionally, the visible light transmittance TL2 of the non-metallic reflective film including the color adjustment layer satisfies: TL2 ≤ 60. Further optionally, TL2 satisfies: TL2 ≤ 55. This can be applied to laminated glass with lower visible light transmittance.

[0074] In some embodiments, laminated glass has high visible light transmittance and can be used for windshields, front door windows, rear windshields, etc., meeting high transmittance requirements and ensuring driving safety. Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is greater than or equal to 70%. Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is 70% to 95%, specifically 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc.

[0075] In other embodiments, laminated glass has a low visible light transmittance and can be used for sunroofs, rear door windows, triangular windows, etc., in vehicles to prevent rear passengers from experiencing glare from sunlight. Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 30%. Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is 0.5% to 30%, specifically 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc. Further optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 10%. Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is 0.5% to 10% to provide better heat insulation and privacy protection.

[0076] Optionally, the reflectance RL of the laminated glass to visible light incident from the first surface side satisfies: RL≤20%, or RL≤18%, or RL≤15%, or RL≤12%, or RL≤11%, to avoid light pollution to the external environment of the vehicle.

[0077] Optionally, the total solar transmittance (TTS) of the laminated glass meets the following requirements: TTS≤60%, or TTS≤55%, or TTS≤50%, or TTS≤45%, or TTS≤40%, or TTS≤30%, to provide better thermal insulation.

[0078] In some embodiments, the shrinkage rate of the non-metallic reflective film in the machine direction (MD) is 2%~4.5%, and the shrinkage rate in the transverse direction (TD) is 1.1%~4%. This is to prevent the non-metallic reflective film from curling during the fabrication of laminated glass and from wrinkling after the laminated glass is fabricated. Here, the machine direction (MD) represents the flow direction, and the transverse direction (TD) represents the direction orthogonal to the machine direction (MD). The shrinkage rate is calculated as follows: using dimension D1 at 25°C as a reference, the dimension D2 after heating at 150°C for 15 minutes and then cooling to 25°C is taken as the shrinkage rate. The shrinkage rate is calculated as 100% * (D2 - D1) / D1. The shrinkage rate calculated based on the dimension measured along the machine direction (MD) is the shrinkage rate in the machine direction (MD), and the shrinkage rate calculated based on the dimension measured along the transverse direction (TD) is the shrinkage rate in the transverse direction (TD). Optionally, the shrinkage rate of the non-metallic reflective film in the machine direction MD is 2.5% to 4%, and the shrinkage rate of the non-metallic reflective film in the transverse direction TD is 1.5% to 3.5%.

[0079] Please see Figure 7The laminated glass has a contour boundary 500, and the non-metallic reflective film has a contour boundary 600. The contour boundary 500 of the laminated glass and the contour boundary 600 of the non-metallic reflective film are parallel to each other. The contour boundary 600 of the non-metallic reflective film is smaller than the contour boundary 500 of the laminated glass, that is, the contour boundary 600 of the non-metallic reflective film is recessed compared to the contour boundary 500 of the laminated glass. The distance between the contour boundary 600 of the non-metallic reflective film and the contour boundary 500 of the laminated glass is... T1, T2, T3, and T4 are the minimum values ​​among T1, T2, T3, and T4. The minimum value among T1, T2, T3, and T4 is the minimum distance between the outline boundary 600 of the non-metallic reflective film and the outline boundary 500 of the laminated glass. The minimum distance is 5mm to 20mm, and can be 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, etc., to facilitate the more stable clamping of the non-metallic reflective film in the laminated glass and to facilitate the edge trimming process during the manufacturing of the laminated glass.

[0080] In some embodiments, the Lab value of the outer surface reflection color of the laminated glass is measured from the first surface side, with the a value satisfying -2 to 0 and the b value satisfying -2 to 0.5, to facilitate obtaining laminated glass with a neutral and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Optionally, the a value satisfies -1 to 0 and the b value satisfies -1 to 0.5. More optionally, the a value satisfies -0.5 to 0 and the b value satisfies -0.5 to 0.5.

[0081] In this application, the non-metallic reflective film comprises alternating layers of high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer, both of which are made of non-metallic materials.

[0082] In some embodiments, the materials of the high-refractive-index layer and the low-refractive-index layer are both inorganic compounds, and the total number of high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers is 4 to 20. Optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥0.2. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥0.5. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥0.8. Further optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥1.0.

[0083] Optionally, the material of the high refractive index layer is an oxide, nitride, or oxynitride, and n1 satisfies: n1 ≥ 2.0; further optionally, n1 satisfies: n1 ≥ 2.1; further optionally, n1 satisfies: n1 ≥ 2.2; further optionally, n1 satisfies: n1 ≥ 2.3; further optionally, n1 satisfies: n1 ≥ 2.4.

[0084] Optionally, the material of the high refractive index layer is selected from oxides, nitrides, or oxynitrides of at least one element selected from Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm. For example, it is selected from at least one of TiO2, Nb2O5, Ta2O5, ZrO2, Si3N4, ZrN, and TiN.

[0085] Optionally, the material of the low refractive index layer is an oxide or a fluoride, and n2 satisfies: n2 ≤ 1.8. Further optionally, n2 satisfies: n2 ≤ 1.7. Further optionally, n2 satisfies: n2 ≤ 1.6. Further optionally, n2 satisfies: n2 ≤ 1.5.

[0086] Optionally, the material of the low refractive index layer is selected from oxides or fluorides of at least one element selected from Si, Al, and Mg. For example, it is selected from at least one element selected from SiO2 and Al2O3.

[0087] The aforementioned high-refractive-index layer and low-refractive-index layer can be formed by magnetron sputtering. When the non-metallic reflective film includes a polymer film, the high-refractive-index layer and low-refractive-index layer can be alternately deposited on the polymer film by magnetron sputtering.

[0088] In other embodiments, the materials of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are both organic polymers, and the total number of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 50 to 5000 layers.

[0089] Optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: 0.5 ≤ n1 - n2 ≤ 1.0. Further, optionally, n1 and n2 satisfy: 0.8 ≤ n1 - n2 ≤ 1.0.

[0090] Optionally, the organic polymer is selected from at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic polyolefins, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetherimide.

[0091] The aforementioned high-refractive-index layer and low-refractive-index layer can be formed by a co-extrusion process. When the non-metallic reflective film includes a polymer film, the polymer film can be formed simultaneously by the aforementioned co-extrusion process.

[0092] The outer glass panel includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The outer glass panel is transparent glass or tinted glass, and its thickness is 0.7mm to 4.0mm, specifically 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.6mm, 2.1mm, 3.2mm, 4mm, etc. Optionally, the thickness of the outer glass panel is 1.6mm to 3.5mm.

[0093] The inner glass panel includes a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other. The inner glass panel is transparent or tinted glass, and its thickness is 0.7mm to 4.0mm, specifically 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.6mm, 2.1mm, 3.2mm, 4mm, etc. Optionally, the outer glass panel has a thickness of 0.7mm to 2.1mm.

[0094] An adhesive layer is disposed between the second surface and the third surface, connecting the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. It is understood that the second surface of the outer glass plate and the third surface of the inner glass plate are connected by the adhesive layer. This application does not specifically limit the material of the adhesive layer. Optionally, the material of the adhesive layer may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), or ionomer film (SGP). When the adhesive layer includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are each independently selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionomer film (SGP). The thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.38 mm to 2.28 mm. For example, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be, but is not limited to, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.52 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.28 mm, or other values ​​between 0.38 mm and 2.28 mm.

[0095] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle comprising the laminated glass described above. The vehicle possesses all the advantages of the laminated glass described above, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0096] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments and comparative examples, further illustrates the structure of the laminated glass in the following specific embodiments and comparative examples:

[0097] Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-2

[0098] Comparative Example 1: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass panel) + 0.76mm thick transparent PVB (adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick green glass (inner glass panel)

[0099] Example 1: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (first adhesive layer) + 0.05mm thick non-metallic reflective film (excluding color adjustment layer) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick green glass (inner glass plate)

[0100] Example 2: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (first adhesive layer) + 0.05mm thick non-metallic reflective film (excluding color adjustment layer) + 0.38mm thick heat-absorbing PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick green glass (inner glass plate)

[0101] The visible light transmittance TL, visible light reflectance RL, direct solar reflectance RE, and total solar transmittance TTS of the laminated glass of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-2 were tested, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 1.

[0102] Visible light transmittance TL: Calculated according to standard ISO9050.

[0103] Visible light reflectance RL: Calculated from the first surface of the laminated glass according to standard ISO 9050.

[0104] Solar direct reflectance RE: Calculated from the first surface of the laminated glass according to standard ISO 9050.

[0105] Total Solar Transmittance (TTS): Calculated according to standard ISO 9050.

[0106] Table 1: Measurement results of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-2

[0107]

[0108] As shown in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 did not have the non-metallic reflective film described in this application. After adding the non-metallic reflective film, the visible light transmittance TL of Examples 1 and 2 decreased slightly, but was still greater than 70%; the visible light reflectance RL of Examples 1 and 2 increased slightly, but was still less than 15%; the direct solar reflectance RE of Examples 1 and 2 increased significantly to over 20%; and the total solar transmittance TTS of Examples 1 and 2 decreased significantly to below 60%, or even below 55%, giving the laminated glass of Examples 1 and 2 excellent heat insulation effect.

[0109] Comparative Example 2 and Examples 3-7

[0110] Comparative Example 2: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass panel) + 0.76mm thick transparent PVB (adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick transparent glass (inner glass panel)

[0111] Example 3: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (first adhesive layer) + 0.054mm thick non-metallic reflective film (TL=58%, including color adjustment layer) + 0.76mm thick gray PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick transparent glass (inner glass plate)

[0112] Example 4: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (first adhesive layer) + 0.054mm thick non-metallic reflective film (TL=58%, including color adjustment layer) + 0.76mm thick gray PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick green glass (inner glass plate)

[0113] Example 5: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB + 0.054mm thick non-metallic reflective film (TL=80%, including color adjustment layer) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick green glass (inner glass plate)

[0114] Example 6: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB + 0.054mm thick non-metallic reflective film (TL=80%, including color adjustment layer) + 0.76mm thick transparent heat-absorbing PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick transparent glass (inner glass plate)

[0115] Example 7: 2.1mm thick transparent glass (outer glass plate) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB + 0.054mm thick non-metallic reflective film (TL=80%, including color adjustment layer) + 0.38mm thick transparent PVB (second adhesive layer) + 2.1mm thick transparent glass (inner glass plate)

[0116] The visible light transmittance TL, direct solar reflectance RE, total solar transmittance TTS, and outer surface reflectance Lab value of the laminated glass of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 3-7 were tested, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 2.

[0117] Lab values ​​for outer surface reflection color: Calculated from the first surface of the laminated glass based on the CIE1976 Lab color space and D65 light source. The a value represents the red-green value of the visible light reflection color, and the b value represents the yellow-blue value of the visible light reflection color.

[0118] Table 2: Measurement results of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 3-7

[0119]

[0120] As shown in Table 2, Comparative Example 2 uses transparent glass and transparent PVB, which makes its direct solar reflectance (RE) and total solar transmittance (TTS) not meet the requirements. However, the a and b values ​​of the reflected color on the outer surface are both -0.5 to 0.5, which is very close to neutral color.

[0121] Examples 3-4 use non-metallic reflective film and gray PVB, which makes its visible light transmittance TL≤5%, or even TL≤2%, solar direct reflectance RE≥12%, and total solar transmittance TTS≤30%, which has excellent heat insulation effect and prevents sunlight glare, and can also play a role in privacy protection; at the same time, the a value of the outer surface reflective color meets -1.5~0, and the b value meets -1~0, which has a relatively neutral reflective color appearance with good visual effect.

[0122] Examples 5-7 employ non-metallic reflective film and transparent PVB, achieving a visible light transmittance TL≥70%, a direct solar reflectance RE≥20%, or even RE≥24%, or even RE≥30%, and a total solar transmittance TTS≤55%, or even TTS≤50%, resulting in excellent heat insulation performance. Simultaneously, the a value of the outer surface reflective color satisfies -2~0, and the b value satisfies -2~0.5, or even the a value satisfies -0.5~0, and the b value satisfies 0~0.5, resulting in a relatively neutral reflective color appearance with good visual effects.

[0123] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0124] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that, The device includes a stacked outer glass plate, an inner glass plate, an adhesive layer, and a non-metallic reflective film. The outer glass plate has a first surface and a second surface, the inner glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface, the adhesive layer is located between the second surface and the third surface, and the non-metallic reflective film is located between the second surface and the adhesive layer, or between the adhesive layer and the third surface, or above the fourth surface, or within the adhesive layer. The direct solar reflectance RE of the laminated glass, measured from one side of the first surface, satisfies the following condition: RE ≥ 12%; The laminated glass has a reflectivity of at least 75% for near-infrared light with wavelengths of 900nm to 1100nm incident from one side of the first surface. The non-metallic reflective film comprises alternating layers of high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer, wherein the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is denoted as n1 and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is denoted as n2, and n1 and n2 satisfy: n1-n2≥0.

05.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-metallic reflective film also includes a polymer film, wherein the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are alternately stacked on at least one surface of the polymer film.

3. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-metallic reflective film also includes a color adjustment layer, which is in direct contact only with the high refractive index layer in the non-metallic reflective film, or only with the low refractive index layer in the non-metallic reflective film, or is located between adjacent high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers.

4. The laminated glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the color adjustment layer is 0.1μm to 15μm.

5. The laminated glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the color adjustment layer is 1μm to 10μm.

6. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the non-metallic reflective film is 40μm~200μm.

7. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The materials of both the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are inorganic compounds, and the total number of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 4 to 20 layers.

8. The laminated glass according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) The material of the high refractive index layer is an oxide or a nitride, and n1 satisfies: n1≥2.0; (2) The material of the low refractive index layer is an oxide or a fluoride, and n2 satisfies: n2≤1.8; (3) n1-n2≥0.2; (4) The material of the high refractive index layer is selected from oxides or nitrides of at least one element selected from Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu and Sm; (5) The material of the low refractive index layer is selected from oxides or fluorides of at least one of the elements Si, Al and Mg.

9. The laminated glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, n1-n2≥0.

5.

10. The laminated glass according to claim 9, characterized in that, n1-n2≥0.

8.

11. The laminated glass according to claim 10, characterized in that, n1-n2≥1.

0.

12. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Both the high-refractive-index layer and the low-refractive-index layer are made of organic polymers, and the total number of high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers is 50 to 5000 layers. The organic polymers are selected from at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic polyolefins, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetherimide; n1-n2≤0.

15.

13. The laminated glass according to claim 12, characterized in that, n1-n2≤0.

1.

14. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the frequency range of 30MHz-3000MHz, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum signal attenuation of the laminated glass is ≤10dB.

15. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is greater than or equal to 85%.

16. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is greater than 75% and less than or equal to 80%.

17. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the non-metallic reflective film is less than or equal to 60%.

18. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laminated glass has a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%, a total solar energy transmittance less than or equal to 60%, a RE ≥ 20%, and a visible light reflectance less than or equal to 15% when measured from the first surface side.

19. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 10%, and the total solar energy transmittance of the laminated glass is less than or equal to 30%.

20. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laminated glass has a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%, a total solar energy transmittance less than or equal to 55%, and a RE ≥ 20%.

21. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shrinkage rate of the non-metallic reflective film in the machine direction (MD) is 2% to 4.5%, and the shrinkage rate of the non-metallic reflective film in the transverse direction (TD) is 1.1% to 4%.

22. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the outline boundary of the non-metallic reflective film and the outline boundary of the laminated glass is 5mm to 20mm.

23. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Lab value of the outer surface reflection color of the laminated glass is measured from one side of the first surface, where the value a satisfies -2 to 0 and the value b satisfies -2 to 0.

5.

24. The laminated glass according to claim 23, characterized in that, The value of a ranges from -1 to 0, and the value of b ranges from -1 to 0.

5.

25. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The value of a satisfies -0.5 to 0, and the value of b satisfies -0.5 to 0.

5.

26. A vehicle, characterized in that, The laminated glass includes any one of claims 1 to 25.

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