Solar chimney salt lake brine enrichment system and method

Abstract

A solar chimney salt lake brine enrichment system and method, comprising a heat collection shed, a chimney, a base, a spraying device and a partition; the heat collection shed is arranged above the base, an opening is arranged at the center of the heat collection shed, the opening is connected with the chimney, and a plurality of spraying devices are arranged on the inner lower surface of the heat collection shed; the partition is arranged on the base, and the base is divided into a plurality of brine evaporation chambers by the partition; the heat collection shed and the partition are both filled with phase change materials. The whole is a solar chimney structure, which can utilize the chimney effect and the greenhouse effect to improve the evaporation rate of the salt field brine; meanwhile, the spraying devices are arranged in the chambers formed by the heat collection shed and the partition, independent atomization and concentration of the brine are realized, the brine contacts with the air in the form of droplets, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and more importantly, the combination and use of the phase change materials and the spraying devices can weaken the interference of external climate change, so that the brine is concentrated according to the designed route, and the controllability of the quality of the refined salt is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of brine enrichment technology, and specifically relates to a solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system and method for salt lakes. Background Technology

[0002] my country possesses abundant salt lake resources, with brine containing various chemical components such as Li, K, Na, Mg, and Br, making them highly valuable for development. The salt lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region are particularly concentrated. These areas, with their high altitude, flat and open terrain, year-round aridity, and abundant sunshine, are ideally suited for utilizing solar energy to extract and utilize salt lake brine resources. Currently, the main method involves establishing salt fields on-site and using solar energy for salt pan drying to obtain enriched brine. This involves concentrating and separating salts through natural evaporation, followed by further advanced chemical processing to produce refined salt.

[0003] The aforementioned conventional salt pan solarization technology utilizes natural wind and solar energy to enrich salt lake brine, offering advantages such as low energy consumption and simple process. However, it also has several shortcomings, mainly in the following four aspects:

[0004] (1) Salt fields require large construction areas and have long mineralization cycles. Brine is collected in designated salt fields to form brine pools for evaporation. The brine only evaporates naturally on the surface of the salt fields, and the air velocity at the liquid surface is low, resulting in low evaporation efficiency. This leads to large construction areas for salt fields and can also cause brine leakage, resulting in resource waste. Using this technology, the mineralization cycle often lasts for more than a year, accounting for a huge proportion of the entire production cycle, making the entire production process inefficient.

[0005] (2) The evaporation process of brine is greatly affected by changes in meteorological conditions, and the evaporation process is highly uncontrollable. Salt lakes are mostly concentrated in high-altitude areas, characterized by large diurnal and annual average temperature variations. Changes in environmental conditions, such as diurnal temperature fluctuations, fluctuations in solar radiation, or differences in surface wind speed, will greatly affect the evaporation environment of brine. Due to the complex composition of brine, it is often necessary to ensure the stability of the evaporation environment so that the crystallization route of the brine meets expectations. Therefore, the final product obtained by ordinary solar evaporation process is often of low quality, which increases the difficulty and complexity of deep processing.

[0006] (3) A separate salt particle screening process is required afterward. The ultimate goal of brine concentration is to extract the target refined salt. However, to truly apply it to industrial production, it is necessary not only to meet the composition requirements but also to control the size within a certain range. Ordinary evaporation processes simply cannot control the size of the refined salt. For example, lithium carbonate has a wide range of applications in fields such as lithium batteries. The size of lithium carbonate particles has a significant impact on the performance and application of lithium salts. The smaller the particle size, the larger the specific surface area, the faster the chemical reaction rate, and the better the electrochemical performance.

[0007] (4) Because the brine is in an open environment, the evaporation process of the brine will reduce the water resources in the already arid salt lake area and disrupt the balance of the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system and method for salt lakes to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes includes a heat collection shed, a chimney, a base, spraying devices, and a partition. The heat collection shed is located above the base, with an opening at its center to which the chimney is connected. Several spraying devices are located on the lower inner surface of the heat collection shed. The partition is located on the base, dividing it into several brine evaporation chambers. Both the heat collection shed and the partition are filled with phase change material.

[0011] Furthermore, the base includes a brine tank, insulation material, a filter screen, and heat storage soil. The brine tank is set on the heat storage soil, and the sides of the brine tank are wrapped with insulation material. The filter screen covers the top of the brine tank.

[0012] Furthermore, several partitions divide the brine pool into several brine evaporation chambers, with a spray device located above each brine evaporation chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the solar collector shed includes transparent glass and transparent phase change material. The transparent glass has a double-layered hollow structure, and the transparent phase change material is filled inside the transparent glass.

[0014] Furthermore, the partition includes a phase change material and a metal plate, with the metal plate having a double-layer hollow structure and the phase change material filling the metal plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a wind turbine is installed at the connection between the solar collector shed and the chimney, the wind turbine is connected to a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected to a spray device.

[0016] Furthermore, a condensate collection device is installed at the top of the chimney to collect fresh water.

[0017] Furthermore, the condensate collection device includes a condenser, a collection tank, a water supply pipeline, and a freshwater tank; the condenser is located at the outlet of the chimney, the collection tank is connected below the condenser, and the collection tank is connected to the freshwater tank through the water supply pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the spraying device is a spraying device with adjustable spray particle size.

[0019] An operating method for a solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system includes the following steps:

[0020] During the day, the solar collector shed and partitions absorb heat and rise in temperature after being exposed to sunlight. When the irradiance is too high, the phase change material embedded in the solar collector shed and partitions absorbs the excess heat and converts it into its own latent heat of phase change, keeping the temperature of the solar collector shed and partitions stable within the phase change temperature, and the air temperature in the brine evaporation chamber rises.

[0021] The presence of the chimney triggers the chimney effect, where the airflow in the brine evaporation chamber is continuously drawn in from the edge of the heat collection shed and flows through each brine evaporation chamber, converging at the chimney inlet. The converged airflow together drives the rotation of the wind turbine, generating electrical energy that is stored in the battery.

[0022] After the air temperature and flow rate in the brine evaporation chamber stabilize, the raw brine is drawn into the spray device. The brine is atomized into droplets and fully contacts the airflow in the brine evaporation chamber to evaporate. As the brine enters the later stage of concentration, when the concentration reaches a certain value, some salt particles will precipitate during the evaporation process. Salt particles that are too small or brine that has not been evaporated into nuclei fall into the brine pool of this stage, waiting to enter the next stage brine evaporation chamber for further evaporation.

[0023] As the brine continues to evaporate, the water vapor formed by evaporation is carried by the airflow into the chimney inlet and then to the condenser above the chimney. The airflow exchanges heat fully with the condenser, and the water vapor it carries is condensed and collected in the water collection tank. The recovered fresh water is then introduced into the fresh water tank through the water supply pipeline.

[0024] At night, the phase change material embedded between the heat collection shed and the partition releases a huge latent heat of isothermal phase change to maintain the temperature of the brine evaporation chamber wall, thereby stabilizing the temperature inside the brine evaporation chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0026] The solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt fields provided by this invention, based on phase change materials and spray devices, is an overall solar chimney structure. This structure can utilize the chimney effect and greenhouse effect to increase the evaporation rate of brine in salt fields, thereby shortening the mineralization cycle. At the same time, spray devices are installed in several chambers formed by the heat collection shed and partitions to atomize the brine. The brine comes into contact with the air in the form of droplets, increasing the contact area between the brine and the air, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the brine and the air, and thus reducing the area required for salt field construction.

[0027] This invention addresses the challenges of high-altitude salt lakes, characterized by significant diurnal and annual temperature variations. The brine evaporation process is highly susceptible to meteorological changes. Therefore, phase change materials (PCMs) are embedded in the heat collection shed and partitions. These PCMs absorb heat during the daytime high temperatures, converting energy into latent heat of phase change, and release this latent heat at nighttime low temperatures. This utilizes the substantial isothermal latent heat generated during the phase change to maintain the temperature of the brine evaporation chamber walls near the phase change temperature, thus stabilizing the airflow temperature within each chamber within a specific range. Furthermore, the airflow within the system is closely related to the gas density difference created by the temperature difference between the internal chambers and the external environment, which also reduces fluctuations in wind speed within the chambers. The heat collection shed also functions as a rain shelter during rain, preventing rainwater from entering the brine pool and affecting its composition. This system effectively reduces the interference of external environmental changes on the brine evaporation process, thereby improving the quality of brine concentration.

[0028] The spray device installed in this invention can not only atomize brine into droplets to improve the heat exchange efficiency between brine and air, but also control the size of the atomized droplets and, in conjunction with a stable evaporation environment, evaporate and concentrate the brine to obtain the target refined salt that meets the particle size requirements. By covering the brine tank with a filter screen of a certain mesh size, the required salt can be directly screened out and extracted, realizing the integration of salt particle precipitation and screening processes.

[0029] Because of the conventional salt pan drying process, the brine evaporates in an open manner, and freshwater cannot be recovered during the evaporation process. This reduces water resources in the already arid salt lake area and disrupts the ecological balance. Installing a condenser inside the chimney outlet can condense the moisture carried by the humid air, achieving both brine enrichment and freshwater recovery, thus reducing the ecological damage caused by the brine enrichment process.

[0030] The method proposed in this invention, which involves adding a partition plate embedded with phase change material between the solar collector shed and the system substrate, has the following three advantages: First, it integrates the graded salt fields into a single solar chimney structure, avoiding the need to construct multiple solar chimney devices and saving on chimney structure construction costs. Second, the partition plates and the solar collector shed sequentially form brine evaporation chambers at different levels, preventing brine droplets in different chambers from mixing after being blown by the airflow. Third, it increases the contact between the airflow and the embedded phase change material, i.e., the temperature-controllable wall surface, improving the stability of the airflow temperature.

[0031] The present invention has strong environmental adaptability. It can select phase change materials with appropriate phase change temperatures to be embedded according to the brine composition, climate environment and corresponding brine evaporation and crystallization routes of different salt lake areas. The relative positions of the partitions in the system can be changed, and the area of ​​each level of salt field can be determined according to actual needs.

[0032] Overall, this system has a simple structure and strong adaptability. It retains the advantages of low energy consumption of ordinary salt field sun-drying process, and can also shorten the mineralization cycle, reduce the area of ​​salt fields, improve the quality of brine concentration, realize the integration of salt extraction and screening processes, and recover fresh water to reduce the damage to the ecological environment caused by the brine enrichment process. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of the overall shape of this system;

[0034] Figure 2 The image shown is a front view of the internal structure of this system.

[0035] Figure 3 The image shown is a top view of the internal structure of this system;

[0036] Figure 4 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the solar collector shed.

[0037] Figure 5 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the partition.

[0038] The following are the labeling elements in the attached diagram: 1. Chimney; 11. Wind turbine; 2. Heat collection shed; 21. Transparent glass; 22. Transparent phase change material; 3. Partition; 30. Brine evaporation chamber; 31. Phase change material; 32. Metal material; 4. Brine pool; 41. Heat storage soil; 42. Filter screen; 43. Insulation material; 5. Spraying device; 6. Condenser; 61. Water collection pool; 62. Water pipeline; 63. Freshwater pool; 7. Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes includes a heat collection shed 2, a chimney 1, a base, spray devices 5, and a partition 3. The heat collection shed 2 is located above the base, with an opening at its center, to which the chimney 1 is connected. Several spray devices 5 are located on the lower inner surface of the heat collection shed 2. The partition 3 is located on the base, dividing the base into several brine evaporation chambers 30. Both the heat collection shed 2 and the partition 3 are filled with phase change material.

[0043] The system and method proposed in this invention improve and perfect the initial concentration process of salt lake brine. Therefore, the key to the improvement is not only to shorten the concentration cycle, but also to improve the stability of the brine evaporation environment.

[0044] Example 2: This invention provides a solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes, specifically comprising:

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the overall structure of the system is a solar chimney structure, and the airflow chamber 30 below the collector shed 2 is formed by partitions 3.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the system base consists of a brine tank 4 and heat storage soil 41, with the sides of the brine tank 4 wrapped with heat insulation material 43. A spray device 5 is positioned directly above the brine tank 4 and connected to the inner side of the heat collection shed 2. The particle size of the atomized droplets can be adjusted by regulating the spray device 5 to match the temperature within the brine evaporation chamber 30, enabling the brine to evaporate along a specified crystallization path. A filter screen 42 with a specific mesh size covers the brine tank 4 without being submerged by the brine. The mesh size of the filter screen 42 can be appropriately selected based on the desired target salt particle size range, allowing the filter screen 42 to screen out the target salt particles that meet the particle size requirements formed during the evaporation process.

[0047] After the atomized brine droplets evaporate upon full contact with the airflow in the brine evaporation chamber 30, they fall into the filter screen 42. The filter screen 42 filters out salt particles that meet the particle size requirements from the concentrated droplets, achieving the extraction of the target refined salt. The concentrated brine passing through the filter screen 42 falls into the brine pool 4 below. After this stage of concentration is completed, it is drawn into the spray device 5 in the next stage brine evaporation chamber 30 for atomization, achieving further concentration. The airflow from each brine evaporation chamber 30 converges at the inlet of the chimney 1, driving the wind turbine 11 to rotate, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy stored in the battery 7. The electrical energy in the battery 7 provides the energy required by the spray device 5. A condenser 6 is installed near the outlet of the chimney 1 to condense and recover the water vapor carried in the airflow inside the chimney 1 near the outlet into the water collection tank 61, and introduce the recovered fresh water into the fresh water pool 63 through the water supply pipe 62.

[0048] The heat collection shed 2 is composed of transparent glass 21 and transparent phase change material 22. The transparent phase change material 22 is a solid-liquid phase change material and is embedded inside the transparent glass material 22. The partition is composed of phase change material 31 and metal plate 32. The phase change material 31 is also embedded inside the metal plate 32 to prevent leakage of the phase change material. The selection of the phase change temperature needs to be combined with the requirements of the brine concentration process and the local irradiation level. It is necessary to ensure that the phase change material can absorb heat and reach the phase change temperature when placed in the environment, and also to ensure that the temperature inside the brine evaporation chamber 30 can meet the brine concentration requirements.

[0049] The working process of this system is as follows:

[0050] During the day, the solar radiation system causes the collector shed 2 and partition 3 to absorb heat and rise in temperature. When the irradiance is too high, the phase change materials 21 and 31 embedded in the collector shed 2 and partition 3 absorb excess heat and convert it into their own latent heat of phase change. Therefore, the temperature of the collector shed 2 and partition 3 will stabilize within the phase change temperature. Based on the greenhouse effect, the air temperature inside the brine evaporation chamber 30 increases. Since the walls of the brine evaporation chamber 30 are composed of the collector shed 2 and partition 3, the air temperature and flow rate inside the system will also gradually stabilize.

[0051] Meanwhile, the presence of chimney 1 will trigger the chimney effect, and the air in the brine evaporation chamber 30 will form a certain density difference with the outside air. The airflow will be continuously drawn in from the inlet of the heat collection shed 2 and flow through each brine evaporation chamber 30, and gather at the inlet of chimney 1. The gathered airflow together drives the rotation of the wind turbine 11.

[0052] After the air temperature and flow rate inside the brine evaporation chamber 30 stabilize, the raw brine is drawn into the spray device 5. The brine is atomized into droplets, which fully contact the airflow inside the brine evaporation chamber 30 and evaporate, thus meeting the concentration requirements in a short time. As the brine enters the later stage of concentration, when the concentration reaches a certain value, some salt particles will precipitate during the evaporation process. Salt particles that are too small or brine that has not been nucleated will fall into the brine pool 4 of this stage, waiting to enter the next stage brine evaporation chamber 30 for further evaporation.

[0053] As the brine continues to evaporate, the water vapor formed by evaporation is carried by the airflow into the inlet of chimney 1 and up to the condenser 6 above chimney 1. The airflow exchanges heat fully with the condenser 6, and the water vapor it carries is condensed and collected in the water collection tank 61. The recovered fresh water is then introduced into the fresh water tank 63 through the water supply pipe 62.

[0054] At night, due to the absence of solar radiation and the decrease in ambient temperature, the phase change materials 21 and 31 embedded between the heat collection shed 2 and the partition 3 will release a huge latent heat of isothermal phase change to maintain the temperature of the brine evaporation chamber wall, thereby stabilizing the temperature inside the brine evaporation chamber 30. At the same time, due to the flow of air inside the system, which is closely related to the gas density difference formed by the temperature difference between the internal chamber and the external environment, the fluctuation of wind speed inside the chamber can also be reduced.

[0055] Furthermore, the heat collection shed can also serve as a rain shelter during rain, preventing rainwater from entering the brine pool and affecting the brine composition. Therefore, the presence of phase change materials can greatly reduce the impact of external environmental changes on the evaporation environment of the brine in the brine evaporation chamber 30. Thus, in a region like a salt lake with a variable climate, this system can not only control the size of brine droplets through the spray device 5, but also stabilize and control the airflow temperature and wind speed in the brine evaporation chamber 30 by embedding phase change materials 21 and 31 with reasonable phase change temperatures inside the heat collection shed 2 and the partition 3. The brine can evaporate completely according to the predicted isothermal evaporation and crystallization route, achieving high-quality concentration of the brine.

[0056] The solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system provided by this invention cleverly combines a solar chimney structure with brine evaporation and concentration technology. The system mainly consists of a heat collection shed, brine pool, heat storage soil, spray device, filter screen, brine evaporation chamber, chimney, wind turbine, battery, and condenser. Through the coordinated operation of these components, efficient brine evaporation and high-quality extraction of the target refined salt are achieved, while simultaneously recovering water vapor and converting it into electrical energy, thus realizing efficient energy utilization.

[0057] High-efficiency evaporation and refined salt extraction:

[0058] The brine is atomized into droplets by a spray device, which increases the contact area between the brine and the airflow and improves the evaporation efficiency.

[0059] The filter screen can screen out salt particles that meet the particle size requirements, thus achieving efficient extraction of refined salt.

[0060] Stable control of temperature and wind speed:

[0061] The phase change material embedded in the heat collection shed and partition can absorb or release heat, stabilize the temperature in the brine evaporation chamber, and ensure that the brine evaporates according to the predicted isothermal evaporation and crystallization route.

[0062] The airflow caused by the chimney effect, along with the temperature regulation by the phase change material, together stabilize the wind speed inside the brine evaporation chamber.

[0063] Efficient use of energy:

[0064] The system uses solar energy as its primary energy source, absorbing sunlight through a heat collection shed and converting it into heat energy to drive the evaporation of brine.

[0065] Airflow converges at the chimney inlet and drives the wind turbine to rotate, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy stored in a battery for use by the spray device, thus realizing the recycling of energy.

[0066] Water vapor recovery and utilization:

[0067] The condenser condenses and recovers the water vapor carried in the airflow near the outlet inside the chimney, and introduces it into the freshwater pool, thus realizing the recycling and reuse of water resources.

[0068] Highly adaptable to the environment:

[0069] The phase change material embedded in the heat collection shed and partition can reduce the impact of external environmental changes on the brine evaporation environment inside the brine evaporation chamber, enabling the system to operate stably in salt lake areas with variable climates.

[0070] The heat collection shed can also serve as a rain shelter, preventing rainwater from entering the brine pool and affecting the brine composition.

[0071] In summary, the solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system of this invention, through ingenious structural design and the coordinated operation of its components, achieves efficient brine evaporation and high-quality salt extraction, while simultaneously recovering water vapor and converting it into electricity, thus improving energy utilization efficiency. The system also exhibits strong environmental adaptability, enabling stable operation in the climate-variable salt lake region. Therefore, this technical solution has broad application prospects and significant promotional value in the field of brine enrichment.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes, characterized in that, The system includes a heat collection shed (2), a chimney (1), a base, a spray device (5), and a partition (3). The heat collection shed (2) is located above the base, and an opening is provided at the center of the heat collection shed (2), with the chimney (1) connected to the opening. Several spray devices (5) are located on the lower inner surface of the heat collection shed (2). The partition (3) is located on the base, dividing the base into several brine evaporation chambers (30). Both the heat collection shed (2) and the partition (3) are filled with phase change material. The base includes a brine tank (4), insulation material (43), filter screen (42) and heat storage soil (41). The brine tank (4) is set on the heat storage soil (41), and the sides of the brine tank (4) are wrapped with insulation material (43). The filter screen (42) covers the top of the brine tank (4). Several partitions (3) divide the brine tank (4) into several brine evaporation chambers (30), and a spray device (5) is located above each brine evaporation chamber (30); The heat collection shed (2) includes transparent glass (21) and transparent phase change material (22). The transparent glass (21) has a double-layer hollow structure, and the transparent phase change material (22) is filled inside the transparent glass (21). The partition (3) includes a phase change material (31) and a metal plate (32). The metal plate (32) has a double-layer hollow structure, and the phase change material (31) is filled inside the metal plate (32). The top of the chimney is equipped with a condensate collection device for collecting fresh water; The condensate collection device includes a condenser (6), a water collection tank (61), a water conveying pipe (62), and a fresh water tank (63); the condenser (6) is located at the outlet of the chimney (1), the water collection tank (61) is connected below the condenser (6), and the water collection tank (61) is connected to the fresh water tank (63) through the water conveying pipe (62).

2. The solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wind turbine (11) is installed at the connection between the heat collection shed (2) and the chimney (1). The wind turbine (11) is connected to the storage battery (7), and the storage battery (7) is connected to the spray device (5).

3. The solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray device (5) is a spray device with adjustable spray particle size.

4. An operation method for a solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system for salt lakes, characterized in that, The solar-powered chimney brine enrichment system based on any one of claims 1 to 3 includes the following steps: During the day, after sunlight shines, the heat collection shed (2) and partition (3) absorb heat and rise in temperature. When the irradiance is too high, the phase change material embedded in the heat collection shed (2) and partition (3) absorbs excess heat and converts it into its own latent heat of phase change, keeping the temperature of the heat collection shed (2) and partition (3) stable within the phase change temperature, and the air temperature in the brine evaporation chamber (30) rises. The presence of the chimney (1) triggers the chimney effect. The airflow in the brine evaporation chamber (30) will be continuously drawn in from the edge of the heat collection shed (2) and flow through each brine evaporation chamber (30). It will converge at the inlet of the chimney (1). The converged airflow will drive the rotation of the wind turbine (11) together, generating electrical energy stored in the battery (7). After the air temperature and flow rate in the brine evaporation chamber (30) stabilize, the original brine is drawn into the spray device (5). The brine is atomized into droplets and fully contacts the airflow in the brine evaporation chamber (30) and evaporates. As the brine enters the later stage of concentration, when the concentration reaches a certain value, some salt particles will precipitate during the evaporation process. Salt particles with too small a particle size or brine that has not been evaporated into nuclei fall into the brine pool (4) of this stage, so that it can enter the next stage brine evaporation chamber (30) for further evaporation. As the brine continues to evaporate, the water vapor formed by evaporation is carried by the airflow into the inlet of the chimney (1) and up to the condenser (6) above the chimney (1). The airflow exchanges heat fully with the condenser (6), and the water vapor it carries is condensed and collected in the water collection tank (61). The recovered fresh water is introduced into the fresh water tank (63) through the water supply pipe (62). At night, the phase change material embedded between the heat collection shed (2) and the partition (3) will release a huge latent heat of isothermal phase change to maintain the temperature of the brine evaporation chamber wall, thereby stabilizing the temperature inside the brine evaporation chamber (30).

Images