A space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables and its use method

Abstract

The present invention provides a spatial catwalk device for erecting cables with large transverse offsets and a method for use, wherein the catwalk gantry includes a gantry body, and a vertically arranged main cable transverse restraint frame is installed in the gantry body; the vertical tops of the two gantry bodies of the two catwalk gantries are respectively connected to the same upper cross-bracing truss through an upper traction mechanism, and the vertical bottoms of the two gantry bodies of the two catwalk gantries are respectively connected to the same lower cross-bracing truss through a lower traction mechanism, so that the catwalk gantry can be pulled and moved laterally between the upper cross-bracing truss and the lower cross-bracing truss. The catwalk device of the present invention allows a spatial cable-shaped suspension bridge to have an existing spatial linear catwalk platform for construction before the main cable is erected, that is, the main cable can be erected directly along the designed spatial linear shape to avoid the effects of torsion and the like during horizontal extension. It also allows the asynchronous extension of the multiple load-bearing cables of the catwalk to be released when they are horizontally extended, making the load-bearing cable line more natural and the stress uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridges, and relates to a spatial cable-shaped suspension bridge, and in particular to a spatial catwalk device erected with transversely large-displacement cables and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Spatial cable-type suspension bridges are widely used in various ultra-large span bridges due to their unique force transmission mechanism, reasonable force distribution, full utilization of material strength, and great spanning capacity. During their application, spatial main cable structures have also gained increasing attention. Unlike traditional parallel cable suspension bridges, the main cables of spatial cable planes are generally symmetrically inclined toward the center. When the bridge is completed, the main cables are not subjected to vertical forces. Not only do they form a catenary in the vertical direction due to gravity, but they also form a curve in the plane due to the inclined tension. The transversely extended main cables, suspenders, and stiffening beams form a stable triangle, which gives the main cables a restoring force similar to a pendulum, thereby improving the overall torsional stiffness.

[0003] The transverse position of the main cables of a spatial cable-type suspension bridge is very different between the empty cable state and the completed bridge state. After the main cables are installed, the empty cable state only has vertical sag, while the main cables also have transverse offset in the completed bridge state. Therefore, the transverse linear transformation of the main cables during the construction process is a key issue in the construction of spatial cable-type suspension bridges. In order to solve the problem of changing the main cable linear shape during construction, there are two existing methods to solve this problem: temporary cable method and temporary cross-bracing method. Currently, both methods first install the two main cable strands in a plumb state, then install cable clamps, and then use external devices (cambered cables or cross-bracing between cables) to open the empty cables to both sides, so that the empty cable linear shape is close to the completed bridge linear shape in the transverse direction, and then proceed to install the slings and other subsequent processes.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned method of installing the air cable in a plumb plane has certain drawbacks. Specifically, when the cable clamp is installed, the air cable is in a plumb bob state, rather than the designed spatial curve state of the completed bridge. This inconsistency becomes more severe as the lateral deviation of the main cable increases, causing significant twisting of the strands, which can lead to bulging and tangled wires within the main cable, causing safety hazards such as uneven stress distribution and reduced cable strength. Furthermore, during the main cable deployment process, the catwalk and other devices will rotate accordingly, causing them to twist and making it impossible to ensure a stable working surface. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spatial catwalk device and a method for using cables with large transverse offsets, so as to solve the technical problem of uneven stress distribution inside the main cable of the spatial cable-shaped suspension bridge in the existing technology due to torsion during construction.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A spatial catwalk device is constructed with cables with large transverse offsets, comprising two sets of catwalk load-bearing cables and two sets of catwalk gantry cables. The catwalk load-bearing cables are located above the catwalk gantry cables, and at least one transverse spreading mechanism is installed transversely between the two sets of catwalk load-bearing cables and the two sets of catwalk gantry cables.

[0008] Each lateral expansion mechanism includes two catwalk gantries, one of the two catwalk gantries is installed between a group of catwalk load-bearing cables and a group of catwalk gantry cables on the same side, and the other of the two catwalk gantries is installed between another group of catwalk load-bearing cables and another group of catwalk gantry cables on the same side.

[0009] The catwalk door frame comprises a door frame main body, in which a vertically arranged main cable transverse restraint frame is installed.

[0010] The vertical tops of the two gantry bodies of the two catwalk gantries are respectively connected to the same upper cross-bracing truss through an upper traction mechanism, and the vertical bottoms of the two gantry bodies of the two catwalk gantries are respectively connected to the same lower cross-bracing truss through a lower traction mechanism, so that the catwalk gantries can be pulled and moved laterally between the upper cross-bracing truss and the lower cross-bracing truss.

[0011] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0012] An upper transverse adjustment structure is provided between the top of the main cable transverse restraint frame and the portal frame body, and a lower transverse adjustment mechanism is provided between the bottom of the main cable transverse restraint frame and the portal frame body. The upper transverse adjustment structure and the lower transverse adjustment mechanism have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

[0013] The lower lateral adjustment mechanism includes two pairs of screw mounting seats installed on the portal frame body, and a rotatable adjustment screw is installed between each pair of screw mounting seats. The two adjustment screws are arranged perpendicular to the lateral level and parallel to each other. The two adjustment screws are threadedly sleeved with the same movable base, and one end of a pair of parallel ear seats is hinged in the same movable base, and the other end of the pair of ear seats is fixedly installed on the end of the main cable lateral restraint frame.

[0014] A main cable guide pulley is installed vertically below the portal body, and a main cable traction pulley is installed vertically above the portal body. The main cable guide pulley and the main cable traction pulley are located on the same side of the main cable transverse restraint frame.

[0015] The upper traction mechanism and the lower traction mechanism have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

[0016] The lower traction mechanism includes two pairs of gears, which are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the portal frame body through gear shafts. The two pairs of gears are engaged with double-width racks, which are arranged on the top surface of the lower cross brace truss.

[0017] A set of gantry pulleys are installed on the gear shafts of one pair of the two pairs of gears. The gantry pulleys are driven by steel wire ropes to drive the gears to move on the double-width racks, so that the catwalk gantry can be pulled and moved laterally relative to the lower cross brace truss.

[0018] The gear is a self-locking gear; at least one self-locking lock tongue is also provided at the bottom of the door frame body, and the self-locking lock tongue can cooperate with the self-locking gear to achieve one-way self-locking.

[0019] The gantry body and the catwalk load-bearing cable are connected by a guide clamping mechanism, and the gantry body and the catwalk gantry cable are also connected by a guide clamping mechanism. The guide clamping mechanism includes a guide, and a clamping device is provided in front of the guide.

[0020] The guide device comprises a guide wheel frame installed inside the portal frame body, and an asymmetric special-shaped transverse guide wheel and an asymmetric special-shaped vertical guide wheel are installed on the guide wheel frame.

[0021] The clamping device includes a clamping frame installed inside the door frame body, a fixed block is installed on the upper side of the clamping frame, and a movable block is installed on the lower side of the clamping frame; the movable block is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding shaft, and the other end of the sliding shaft passes through a sliding groove opened on the side wall of the clamping frame, and the other end of the sliding shaft is vertically installed with a lifting and rotating screw through a threaded hole; one end of the lifting and rotating screw is vertically threadedly connected to the lifting and rotating seat, and the lifting and rotating seat can be rotatably installed vertically on the outer wall of the clamping frame on one side of the sliding groove, and the lifting and rotating screw can drive the movable block to move by lifting and rotating the lifting and rotating seat.

[0022] A brake shoe is also vertically fixed on the outer wall of the clamping frame on the other side of the sliding groove. A locking groove is provided on the brake shoe that runs through the inside and outside of the brake shoe. The other end of the lifting and rotating screw passes through the locking groove and is equipped with a locking rotating handle. A brake pad is fixed on the lifting and rotating screw between the locking rotating handle and the brake shoe. The threaded rotation feed of the lifting and rotating screw relative to the lifting and rotating seat can realize friction locking between the brake pad and the brake shoe.

[0023] The upper cross bracing truss and the lower cross bracing truss have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down; prestressed tensioning strings are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the upper cross bracing truss and the lower cross bracing truss.

[0024] Among the two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables, each group of catwalk load-bearing cables is divided into two small groups of catwalk load-bearing cables, and each group of catwalk load-bearing cables consists of three cables; among the two groups of catwalk gantry cables, each group of catwalk gantry cables is divided into two small groups of catwalk gantry cables, and each group of catwalk gantry cables consists of one cable.

[0025] The present invention also protects a method for using a spatial catwalk device for erecting cables with large lateral offsets. This method adjusts the position of the catwalk door frames on different lateral expansion mechanisms through an upper traction mechanism and a lower traction mechanism. Before erecting the main cable, the design spatial linear shape of the main cable is determined in advance, and the main cable is erected directly along the designed spatial linear shape.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0027] (I) The catwalk device of the present invention allows a spatial cable suspension bridge to have an existing spatial linear catwalk platform available for construction before the main cables are installed. This means that the main cables can be installed directly along the designed spatial linear profile, avoiding the effects of torsion during horizontal deployment. Furthermore, the asynchronous extension of the catwalk's multiple load-bearing cables during horizontal deployment is relieved, resulting in a more natural cable profile and uniform stress.

[0028] (II) The space catwalk device for erecting cables with large transverse offsets of the present invention is directly stretched transversely after the catwalk's load-bearing cables are erected. Therefore, there is no need to tension the load-bearing cables transversely from the outside using the traditional method. This makes it easy to use in special terrains and under the "cable first, beam later" method. It can avoid structural and stress losses caused by constrained torsion during spatial tensioning, and ensure the correct direction of the cables when the main cables are erected.

[0029] (III) The space catwalk device for erecting cables with large lateral deviations of the present invention is a statically indeterminate quadrilateral rectangular structure. Therefore, when the two sides are symmetrically constructed, the load weight is consistent, the upper and lower cross braces will remain horizontal, and the catwalk portal will also maintain its initial direction. Therefore, the working plane of the catwalk portal will be guaranteed to be horizontal, which is conducive to workers' construction and operation.

[0030] (IV) The present invention's large-lateral offset cable installation space catwalk device is constructed by installing the main cable after the catwalk space is finalized. Therefore, the traditional method of main cable space tensioning is not required, and the structural and stress losses caused by constrained torsion during space tensioning can be avoided. The correct direction and shape of the cable strands can be ensured when the main cable is installed.

[0031] (V) The present invention's large-lateral cable-mounted catwalk system, when in operation, is subject to a horizontal force component generated by the natural drooping of the main cables at both ends, which acts as an eccentric moment on the cross braces, causing tension on the exterior of the upper and lower cross braces. Furthermore, when the cross braces are long, the moment generated by their own weight also causes tension on the lower portion. The present invention reserves space within the cross braces for installing external prestressed string tensioning, which significantly improves the stress distribution in the cross braces when using external prestressing. Furthermore, it is possible to consider adding omnidirectional external prestressing to significantly increase structural rigidity.

[0032] (VI) The present invention's large-lateral cable-mounted catwalk system utilizes a newly designed, asymmetric, special-shaped guide wheel at the guide wheel frame. Because the load-bearing cable transmits force to the device obliquely inward, conventional guide wheels would fit snugly against the load-bearing cable. The new guide wheel achieves a perfect fit, and new guide wheels can also be added laterally. The model size can be redesigned to accommodate load-bearing cables of varying diameters.

[0033] (VII) The space catwalk device for erecting cables with large transverse offsets of the present invention adopts a design in which the vertical main cable transverse restraint frame is hinged at the bottom and slides at the top, so that the main cable transverse restraint frame can freely expand and contract and deform when subjected to the horizontal force of the main cable, and only generates horizontal force but no bending moment on the outer door frame, thereby minimizing the deformation and internal stress of the device.

[0034] (VIII) The present invention's large-lateral cable catwalk installation utilizes a newly designed clamp as a locking mechanism. Two clamps are located on each side. The friction between the two clamp halves creates a locking effect. The newly designed clamp uses a pull handle to tighten and a twist handle to lock. One person can perform both locking actions.

[0035] (IX) The space catwalk device for erecting transversely large-displacement cables of the present invention has a large structure size and weight. After it is built at the top of the main tower, it slides along the guide cable to the predetermined position and is locked before construction can begin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spatial catwalk device erected with large transverse offset cables.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the catwalk.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lower lateral adjustment mechanism.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the traction mechanism.

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the side structure of the guide.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the locking part of the traction mechanism.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamp.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of the spatial catwalk device installed with large horizontal offset cables.

[0044] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 1- catwalk load-bearing cable, 2- catwalk gantry cable, 3- catwalk, 4- catwalk gantry, 5- upper traction mechanism, 6- upper cross bracing truss, 7- lower traction mechanism, 8- lower cross bracing truss, 9- guide clamping mechanism, 10- guide, 11- clamping device, 12- prestressed tensioning string, 13- main cable, 14- road centerline, 15- bridge tower, 16- main cable back cable.

[0045] 401-gantry body, 402-main cable lateral restraint frame, 403-upper lateral adjustment structure, 404-lower lateral adjustment mechanism, 405-main cable guide pulley, 406-main cable traction pulley.

[0046] 40401-screw mounting base, 40402-adjusting screw, 40403-moving base, 40404-ear base.

[0047] 701-gear, 702-gear shaft, 703-double-width rack, 704-gantry pulley, 705-steel strand, 706-self-locking lock tongue.

[0048] 1001-guide wheel frame, 1002-asymmetric special-shaped horizontal guide wheel, 1003-asymmetric special-shaped vertical guide wheel.

[0049] 1101-clamping frame, 1102-fixed block, 1103-movable block, 1104-sliding shaft, 1105-sliding groove, 1106-threaded hole, 1107-lifting and rotating screw, 1108-lifting and rotating seat, 1109-brake shoe, 1110-locking groove, 1111-locking and rotating handle, 1112-brake pad.

[0050] The specific contents of the present invention are further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components in the present invention are components known in the prior art.

[0052] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1:

[0054] This embodiment provides a space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables. Figure 1 As shown, it includes two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 and two groups of catwalk door cables 2. The catwalk load-bearing cables 1 are located above the catwalk door cables 2. At least one transverse propping mechanism 3 is installed transversely between the two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 and the two groups of catwalk door cables 2.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, each lateral expansion mechanism 3 includes two catwalk gantries 4, one of the two catwalk gantries 4 is installed between a group of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 and a group of catwalk gantry cables 2 on the same side, and the other catwalk gantries 4 is installed between another group of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 and another group of catwalk gantry cables 2 on the same side.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the catwalk gantry 4 includes a gantry body 401 , in which a vertically arranged main cable transverse restraint frame 402 is installed.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the vertical tops of the two gantry bodies 401 of the two catwalk gantries 4 are respectively connected to the same upper cross-bracing truss 6 through the upper traction mechanism 5, and the vertical bottoms of the two gantry bodies 401 of the two catwalk gantries 4 are respectively connected to the same lower cross-bracing truss 8 through the lower traction mechanism 7, so that the catwalk gantry 4 can be pulled and moved laterally between the upper cross-bracing truss 6 and the lower cross-bracing truss 8.

[0058] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, an upper transverse adjustment structure 403 is provided between the top of the main cable transverse restraint frame 402 and the portal frame body 401, and a lower transverse adjustment mechanism 404 is provided between the bottom of the main cable transverse restraint frame 402 and the portal frame body 401. The upper transverse adjustment structure 403 and the lower transverse adjustment mechanism 404 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

[0059] More preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the lower lateral adjustment mechanism 404 includes two pairs of screw mounting seats 40401 installed on the portal frame body 401, and a rotatable adjustment screw 40402 is installed between each pair of screw mounting seats 40401. The two adjustment screws 40402 are arranged perpendicular to the lateral level and in parallel. The two adjustment screws 40402 are threadedly sleeved with the same movable base 40403, and one end of a pair of parallel ear seats 40404 is hinged in the same movable base 40403, and the other end of the pair of ear seats 40404 is fixedly installed on the end of the main cable lateral restraint frame 402.

[0060] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a main cable guide pulley 405 is installed vertically below the portal body 401, and a main cable traction pulley 406 is installed vertically above the portal body 401. The main cable guide pulley 405 and the main cable traction pulley 406 are located on the same side of the main cable transverse restraint frame 402.

[0061] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the upper traction mechanism 5 and the lower traction mechanism 7 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower directions.

[0062] More preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the lower traction mechanism 7 includes two pairs of gears 701, and the two pairs of gears 701 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the portal body 401 through gear shafts 702. The two pairs of gears 701 are engaged with a double-width rack 703, and the double-width rack 703 is arranged on the top surface of the lower cross bracing truss 8; in this embodiment, the double-width rack 703 greatly limits the longitudinal torsion of the entire device. Due to the existence of the upper and lower cross braces, the torsion of the catwalk is also constrained, and the lateral stability will be greatly enhanced.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, a set of gantry pulleys 704 are mounted on the gear shafts 702 of one of the two pairs of gears 701. The gantry pulleys 704 are driven by steel strands 705, driving the gears 701 to move on the double-width rack rails 703, thereby enabling the catwalk gantry 4 to be pulled and moved laterally relative to the lower cross brace truss 8. In this embodiment, the steel strands 705 can be driven by an external motor.

[0064] More preferably, Figure 6 As shown, the gear 701 is a self-locking gear; at least one self-locking lock tongue 706 is also provided at the bottom of the door frame body 401, and the self-locking lock tongue 706 can cooperate with the self-locking gear to achieve one-way self-locking. In this embodiment, the self-locking lock tongue 706 and the self-locking gear both adopt the self-locking lock tongue and self-locking gear commonly known in the art. Due to the presence of the self-locking lock tongue 706, it can be automatically locked at every moment after the catwalk is horizontally connected and opened, without manual operation, that is, the catwalk spacing is automatically limited. Since the direction of opening is determined, only one direction needs to be automatically locked, and the movement in the other direction can only be manually operated in the disassembly step after everything is completed, and the upper and lower cross bracing trusses can be overlapped and lengthened on the periphery one by one as the device is opened.

[0065] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the gantry body 401 and the catwalk load-bearing cable 1 are connected by a guide clamping mechanism 9, and the gantry body 401 and the catwalk gantry cable 4 are also connected by a guide clamping mechanism 9. The guide clamping mechanism includes a guide 10, and the guide 10 is provided with a clamp 11 in front of the cable axis.

[0066] More preferably, Figure 5 As shown, the guide 10 includes a guide wheel frame 1001 installed inside the portal body 401, and an asymmetric special-shaped horizontal guide wheel 1002 and an asymmetric special-shaped vertical guide wheel 1003 are installed on the guide wheel frame 1001; in this embodiment, because the cable not only exerts an upward force on the device but also a horizontal force, two asymmetric special-shaped pulleys are set on it to fit the cable, and the guide wheels are replaceable to fit cables of different sizes.

[0067] More preferably, Figure 7 As shown, the clamping device 11 includes a clamping frame 1101 installed inside the door frame body 401, a fixed block 1102 is installed on the upper side of the clamping frame 1101, and a movable block 1103 is installed on the lower side of the clamping frame 1101; the movable block 1103 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding shaft 1104, and the other end of the sliding shaft 1104 passes through the sliding groove 1105 opened on the side wall of the clamping frame 1101, and the other end of the sliding shaft 1104 is vertically installed with the lifting and rotating screw 1107 through the threaded hole 1106; one end of the lifting and rotating screw 1107 is vertically threadedly connected to the lifting and rotating seat 1108, and the lifting and rotating seat 1108 is rotatably installed vertically on the outer wall of the clamping frame 1101 on one side of the sliding groove 1105, and the lifting and rotating screw 1107 can drive the movable block 1103 to move by lifting and rotating the lifting and rotating seat 1108.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, a brake shoe 1109 is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the clamping frame 1101 on the other side of the sliding groove 1105, and a locking groove 1110 is provided on the brake shoe 1109, which passes through the inside and outside of the brake shoe 1109. The other end of the lifting and rotating screw 1107 passes through the locking groove 1110 and is equipped with a locking rotation handle 1111. A brake pad 1112 is fixed on the lifting and rotating screw 1107 between the locking rotation handle 1111 and the brake shoe 1109. The threaded rotation feed of the lifting and rotating screw 1107 relative to the lifting and rotating seat 1108 can realize friction locking between the brake pad 1112 and the brake shoe 1109.

[0069] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the upper and lower cross-bracing trusses 6 and 8 are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged vertically. Prestressed tension chords 12 are installed on the outer sides of each of the upper and lower cross-bracing trusses 6 and 8. This embodiment utilizes a large number of standardized structures, and the length of the transverse connections can be designed and constructed based on site conditions, using a construction-traction-construction process. The transverse braces can be constructed using Bailey trusses, on which pedestrian walkways can be laid, serving as transverse passageways.

[0070] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, in the two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables 1, each group of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 is divided into two small groups of catwalk load-bearing cables 1, and each small group of catwalk load-bearing cables 1 consists of three cables; in the two groups of catwalk gantry cables 2, each group of catwalk gantry cables 2 is divided into two small groups of catwalk gantry cables 2, and each small group of catwalk gantry cables 2 consists of one cable.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for using the spatial catwalk device installed with large transverse offset cables in Example 1. This method adjusts the position of the catwalk door frame 4 on different transverse expansion mechanisms 3 through the upper traction mechanism 5 and the lower traction mechanism 7. Before installing the main cable 13, the design spatial linear shape of the main cable 13 is determined in advance, and the main cable 13 is installed directly along the designed spatial linear shape.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Design and assemble the cross bracing trusses:

[0075] The spacing of the transverse spreading mechanisms 3 is selected based on the layout of the spatial cable suspension bridge and the pre-designed positions of the main cables 13. Typically, one set is placed at mid-span and one at a quarter of the span. The designed upper and lower transverse bracing trusses 6 and 8 are assembled, and then the double-width rack rails 703 are welded and installed thereon.

[0076] Step 2: Install the door frame and set up the catwalk cable:

[0077] The catwalk gantry 4, upper cross bracing truss 6, lower cross bracing truss 8, and clamp 11 are assembled on the top platform of the suspension bridge tower 15. The transverse spreading mechanism 3 is installed on the catwalk bearing cable 1 and the catwalk gantry cable 2. The transverse spreading mechanism 3 slides along the cable toward the mid-span. The sliding can be controlled by controlling the clamp 11 during the process, so that there are three sets of transverse spreading mechanisms 3 in the mid-span and the 1 / 4 side spans on both sides. At this time, the cross bracing of each of the three sets of transverse spreading mechanisms 3 is the same, and the transverse spreading mechanisms 3 are in a parallel state. According to the engineering example, the guide wheel frame 1001 is installed on the gantry body 401 to match the spacing and number of the catwalk bearing cables 1. According to the size of the catwalk bearing cables 1, the appropriate asymmetric special-shaped transverse guide wheel 1002 and asymmetric special-shaped vertical guide wheel 1003 are selected.

[0078] Step 3: Install the traction mechanism:

[0079] An upper traction mechanism 5 and a lower traction mechanism 7 are installed between the catwalk door frame 4 and the cross bracing truss, and are driven by a steel strand 705. A self-locking lock tongue 706 is installed on the underside of the catwalk door frame 4. The self-locking lock tongue 706 and the gear 701 form a one-way self-locking structure, thereby ensuring that the relative distance between the catwalk door frames 4 is locked.

[0080] Step 4: Expand the catwalk horizontally:

[0081] After obtaining the design data of the main cable 13, the clamp 10 of the catwalk load-bearing cable 1 on the inner side is kept locked, and the clamp 10 of the catwalk load-bearing cable 1 on the outer side is released by twisting the locking handle 1111, the friction between the brake pad 1112 and the brake shoe 1109 disappears, and the locking handle 1111 is rotated to drive the movable block 1103 to move downward, so that the catwalk load-bearing cable 1 on the outer side can slide relative to the horizontal expansion mechanism 3, which is used to offset the different length constraints of the inner and outer sides when the catwalk load-bearing cable 1 is bent horizontally.

[0082] The drive strand 705 rotates the gantry pulley 704, driving the gear shaft 702. This in turn causes the gear 701 to advance on the double-width rack 703, driving the catwalk gantry 4 outward. The design of the guide 10 allows the asymmetric vertical guide wheel 1003 to drive the catwalk's load-bearing cable 1 outward while ensuring that the asymmetric transverse guide wheel 1002 and the catwalk's load-bearing cable 1 do not fall off, thus ensuring load-bearing capacity.

[0083] When the catwalk door frame 4 is driven to open to each other by the upper traction mechanism 5 and the lower traction mechanism 7, the self-locking lock tongue 706 can ensure that it is self-locked every time a tooth mark is opened, preventing the catwalk door frame 4 from sliding toward the middle under the influence of gravity.

[0084] Step 5: Install the prestressed chords:

[0085] When the catwalk portal 4 is fully extended, due to the large slenderness of the upper and lower cross bracing trusses 6 and 8, it is necessary to install prestressed tension strings 12 under the influence of their own weight and possible loads. This is a cost-effective way to enhance rigidity and load-bearing capacity. The specific installation method of prestressed tension strings 12 adopts the prestressed tension string 12 installation method known in the art.

[0086] Step 6: Construction of space main cable:

[0087] After steps 1 through 5 are completed, a traction machine runway is installed on the main cable traction pulley 406 to pull a single main cable strand through the main cable guide pulley 405. After all strands are pulled, tensioning is performed, using conventional methods to maintain the main cable 13's hexagonal cross-section. The main cables 13 will also be pulled toward each other under their own weight, causing the main cable transverse restraint 402 to flex laterally. Rotating the upper and lower adjustment screws 40402 on the main cable transverse restraint 402 moves the lugs 40404, adjusting and compensating for the pressure deformation caused by the main cables 13 on the main cable transverse restraint 402.

[0088] Step seven: dismantling of the device after construction is completed.

[0089] After the entire bridge is constructed, the main cables remain geometrically stable due to the action of the diagonal hangers. The spatial catwalk system, which utilizes large transverse cable offsets, is now ready for removal. The prestressed tensioning chords 12, upper cross bracing trusses 6, and lower cross bracing trusses 8 are removed in sequence. The remaining components can then be temporarily secured to the main cables 13. The catwalk's load-bearing cables 1, catwalk gantry cables 2, guides 10, and clamps 11 are then removed. Finally, the catwalk gantry 4 is removed with the assistance of a mobile crane or similar device.

Claims

1. A space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables, characterized in that: The catwalk comprises two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) and two groups of catwalk door cables (2), wherein the catwalk load-bearing cables (1) are located above the catwalk door cables (2), and at least one transverse spreading mechanism (3) is transversely installed between the two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) and the two groups of catwalk door cables (2); Each transverse spreading mechanism (3) comprises two catwalk door frames (4), one of the two catwalk door frames (4) being installed between a group of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) and a group of catwalk door frame cables (2) on the same side, and the other of the two catwalk door frames (4) being installed between another group of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) and another group of catwalk door frame cables (2) on the same side; The catwalk door frame (4) comprises a door frame body (401), and a main cable transverse restraining frame (402) arranged vertically is installed in the door frame body (401); The vertical tops of the two door frame bodies (401) of the two catwalk door frames (4) are connected to the same upper cross bracing truss (6) through an upper traction mechanism (5), and the vertical bottoms of the two door frame bodies (401) of the two catwalk door frames (4) are connected to the same lower cross bracing truss (8) through a lower traction mechanism (7), so that the catwalk door frames (4) can be pulled and moved laterally between the upper cross bracing truss (6) and the lower cross bracing truss (8).

2. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An upper transverse adjustment structure (403) is provided between the top of the main cable transverse restraint frame (402) and the portal frame body (401), and a lower transverse adjustment mechanism (404) is provided between the bottom of the main cable transverse restraint frame (402) and the portal frame body (401). The upper transverse adjustment structure (403) and the lower transverse adjustment mechanism (404) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower directions. The lower lateral adjustment mechanism (404) includes two pairs of screw mounting seats (40401) installed on the door frame body (401), and a rotatable adjustment screw (40402) is installed between each pair of screw mounting seats (40401). The two adjustment screws (40402) are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal and parallel, and the two adjustment screws (40402) are provided with a same movable base (40403) through a threaded sleeve. One end of a pair of parallel ear seats (40404) is hinged in the same movable base (40403), and the other end of the pair of ear seats (40404) is fixedly installed on the end of the main cable lateral restraint frame (402).

3. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A main cable guide pulley (405) is installed vertically below the portal frame body (401), and a main cable traction pulley (406) is installed vertically above the portal frame body (401). The main cable guide pulley (405) and the main cable traction pulley (406) are located on the same side of the main cable transverse restraint frame (402).

4. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper traction mechanism (5) and the lower traction mechanism (7) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower directions; The lower traction mechanism (7) includes two pairs of gears (701), which are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the portal frame body (401) via gear shafts (702), and the two pairs of gears (701) are engaged with a double-width rack (703), which is arranged on the top surface of the lower cross bracing truss (8); A group of gantry pulleys (704) are mounted on the gear shafts (702) of one pair of gears (701) in the two pairs of gears (701). The gantry pulleys (704) are driven by steel strands (705) to drive the gears (701) to move on the double-width rack rails (703), so that the catwalk gantry (4) can be pulled and moved in the transverse direction relative to the lower cross bracing truss (8).

5. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The gear (701) is a self-locking gear; the bottom of the door frame body (401) is also provided with at least one self-locking lock tongue (706), and the self-locking lock tongue (706) can cooperate with the self-locking gear to achieve one-way self-locking.

6. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry main body (401) and the catwalk load-bearing cable (1) are connected via a guide clamping mechanism (9), and the gantry main body (401) and the catwalk gantry (4) cable are also connected via a guide clamping mechanism (9). The guide clamping mechanism includes a guide (10), and a clamping mechanism (11) is provided in front of the guide (10).

7. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The guide (10) comprises a guide wheel frame (1001) installed inside the portal frame body (401), and an asymmetric special-shaped transverse guide wheel (1002) and an asymmetric special-shaped vertical guide wheel (1003) are installed on the guide wheel frame (1001); The clamping device (11) comprises a clamping frame (1101) installed inside the door frame body (401), a fixed block (1102) is installed on the upper side of the clamping frame (1101), and a movable block (1103) is installed on the lower side of the clamping frame (1101); the movable block (1103) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding shaft (1104), and the other end of the sliding shaft (1104) passes through a sliding groove (1105) provided on the side wall of the clamping frame (1101). 4) is vertically mounted on the lifting and rotating screw rod (1107) through a threaded hole (1106); one end of the lifting and rotating screw rod (1107) is vertically threadedly connected to the lifting and rotating seat (1108); the lifting and rotating seat (1108) is rotatably mounted vertically on the outer wall of the clamping frame (1101) on one side of the sliding groove (1105); the lifting and rotating screw rod (1107) can drive the movable block (1103) to move by lifting and rotating the lifting and rotating seat (1108); A brake shoe (1109) is also vertically fixed on the outer wall of the clamping frame (1101) on the other side of the sliding groove (1105), and a locking groove (1110) is opened on the brake shoe (1109) and passes through the inner and outer sides of the brake shoe (1109). The other end of the lifting and rotating screw (1107) passes through the locking groove (1110) and is installed with a locking rotation handle (1111). A brake pad (1112) is fixed on the lifting and rotating screw (1107) between the locking rotation handle (1111) and the brake shoe (1109). The threaded rotation feed of the lifting and rotating screw (1107) relative to the lifting and rotating seat (1108) can realize friction locking between the brake pad (1112) and the brake shoe (1109).

8. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cross bracing truss (6) and the lower cross bracing truss (8) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down; the outer sides of the upper cross bracing truss (6) and the lower cross bracing truss (8) are respectively provided with prestressed tension strings (12).

9. The space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the two groups of catwalk load-bearing cables (1), each group of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) is divided into two small groups of catwalk load-bearing cables (1), and each small group of catwalk load-bearing cables (1) is three; in the two groups of catwalk gantry cables (2), each group of catwalk gantry cables (2) is divided into two small groups of catwalk gantry cables (2), and each small group of catwalk gantry cables (2) is one.

10. A method for using the space catwalk device with large horizontal offset cables as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method adjusts the position of the catwalk door frame (4) on different transverse opening mechanisms (3) by means of an upper traction mechanism (5) and a lower traction mechanism (7); before the main cable (13) is erected, the design space linear shape of the main cable (13) is determined in advance, and the main cable (13) is directly erected along the design space linear shape.

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