Special Hall current sensor system for switched reluctance motor controller

Abstract

The invention discloses a special Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller, particularly relates to the field of motor control, and realizes high-precision current detection by customizing a Hall current sensor module and adopting a high-conductivity and low-temperature drift material. A zero offset voltage accurate setting mechanism ensures the stable performance of the sensor under various environmental conditions; the high-precision signal processing module is integrated with an advanced filtering and converting circuit, so that the signal quality is improved; the motor control algorithm optimization module adjusts the current waveform and the commutation time in real time, reduces the torque ripple, and improves the operation stability and efficiency; the interface and communication module supports a standardized electrical interface and a Modbus communication protocol, so that integration with other equipment and remote monitoring are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor control, and more specifically, to a Hall current sensor system dedicated to a switched reluctance motor controller. Background Art

[0002] The Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is an efficient, reliable and simple motor type widely used in various industrial and commercial applications. In order to achieve precise control of the SRM, its winding current needs to be monitored and adjusted in real time. The Hall current sensor system plays a vital role in this process, which can provide high-precision current measurement to ensure the stability and efficiency of the motor operation.

[0003] The Hall current sensor is based on the Hall effect principle and can detect the current in a conductor without contact. Its working principle is to reflect the current by generating a voltage signal through magnetic field induction. This sensor has the advantages of fast response speed, high accuracy, and strong anti-interference ability, so it has been widely used in the field of motor control.

[0004] However, there are still some shortcomings in actual use. For example, the control principle of the switched reluctance motor is different from that of the general asynchronous motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor. Its output current waveform only has positive current and no negative current. Only the positive interval can be used, and the negative interval cannot be used, resulting in insufficient current sampling accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a special current sensor for the application of switched reluctance motor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Hall current sensor system dedicated to a switched reluctance motor controller to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Customized Hall current sensor module: This sensor is designed for switched reluctance motors, and its internal structure and material configuration are precisely adjusted to achieve high-precision detection of motor current;

[0008] Zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module: used for the module to precisely set and lock the zero offset voltage of the Hall current sensor to the optimal value;

[0009] High-precision signal processing module: used to integrate advanced signal conditioning and conversion circuits to receive and process high-precision current signals output by Hall current sensors;

[0010] Motor control algorithm optimization module: used to adjust the control strategy of the switched reluctance motor in real time to more accurately control the motor output torque;

[0011] Interface and communication module: used to provide standardized electrical interface and communication protocol, switched reluctance motor controller and other external devices for data exchange and integration.

[0012] Preferably, in the customized Hall current sensor module, the internal structure of the sensor module adopts materials with high conductivity and low temperature drift to ensure stable performance under various environmental conditions; these materials can effectively reduce measurement errors and improve the reliability of signal transmission; by finely designing the sensor's sensing elements, optimizing the signal acquisition path and current path, thereby reducing internal resistance and achieving high-sensitivity current sensing; this design effectively reduces the delay of current detection and ensures real-time feedback; the module design integrates the zero offset adjustment function, allowing users to make personalized settings according to specific application scenarios. By adjusting the zero offset voltage, the accuracy of current sampling can be significantly improved, making the current display more realistic and reliable.

[0013] Preferably, in the zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module, the module has a built-in advanced calibration algorithm, which automatically calculates and determines the optimal zero offset voltage value through precise current injection and measurement steps; these algorithms take into account factors such as the nonlinear characteristics, temperature drift and long-term stability of the sensor to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results; after finding the optimal zero offset voltage value, the module will immediately lock it through an electronic latch or software algorithm to prevent zero drift caused by external environmental changes or power supply fluctuations; this locking mechanism ensures the stability and consistency of the sensor during long-term operation.

[0014] Preferably, in the high-precision signal processing module, a high-resolution, low-distortion ADC is used to convert the analog current signal into a digital signal; the high sampling rate and 24-bit number can ensure the accuracy and detail retention during the conversion process and reduce quantization errors; in addition to the analog filtering circuit, the module also integrates a powerful digital signal processing (DSP) unit, and applies advanced digital filtering algorithms to further filter out noise and interference; the digital filtering algorithm selects sliding average filtering.

[0015] Preferably, in the motor control algorithm optimization module, current waveform control is one of the core links in the switched reluctance motor control, and its goal is to achieve the desired torque output by accurately controlling the current waveform in the winding; while keeping the turn-on angle and the turn-off angle unchanged, the peak value of the current is adjusted by controlling the size of the chopping current limit, thereby achieving the regulation of the motor torque and speed; within a control cycle, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the current are given, and when the phase current exceeds the set maximum value, the power switch element is controlled to be turned off; when the phase current drops to the set minimum value, the power switch is reopened; and this is repeated to form a chopping current waveform.

[0016] Preferably, the interface and communication module provides a motor interface that complies with international or industry standards, such as a three-phase or multi-phase power interface, to ensure compatibility with switched reluctance motors of different models and specifications. The motor interface should have high current carrying capacity, low resistance and low inductance characteristics to reduce energy loss and electromagnetic interference; provide a stable DC or AC power interface to meet the power supply requirements of the controller; support a wide voltage range input to adapt to the power grid standards of different countries and regions; provide an encoder interface, a temperature sensor interface and other auxiliary interfaces to connect to the position feedback device and temperature monitoring equipment to improve the control accuracy and safety of the system.

[0017] The Modbus industrial communication protocol is used to ensure that the controller can be easily integrated into various automation systems; the protocol supports high-speed data transmission and has a powerful error detection and correction mechanism to ensure the reliability and accuracy of data transmission; in specific application scenarios, the communication protocol can be customized according to customer needs to meet specific data transmission format, rate and security requirements; custom protocols usually include key elements such as command words, data frame format, checksum, etc. to ensure the consistency and integrity of data transmission.

[0018] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0019] By reasonably setting the zero offset voltage of the current sensor, the current sampling accuracy can be increased by 1 times while other parameters remain unchanged. This can more accurately control the motor output torque, improve the motor torque control accuracy, and reduce the motor torque pulsation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the current waveform (positive direction only) of the switched reluctance motor of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of current waveforms (positive and negative) of the asynchronous motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram comparing the conventional current sensor of the present invention with the special current sensor (taking 600A as an example).

[0024] Figure 5 This is the Hall current sensor of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 The structure and principle diagram of the three-phase 6 / 4 switched reluctance motor of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a Hall current sensor system dedicated to a switched reluctance motor controller, and the method is as follows:

[0028] Customized Hall current sensor module: This sensor is designed for switched reluctance motors, and its internal structure and material configuration are precisely adjusted to achieve high-precision detection of motor current;

[0029] In the customized Hall current sensor module, the internal structure of the sensor module adopts materials with high conductivity and low temperature drift to ensure stable performance under various environmental conditions; these materials can effectively reduce measurement errors and improve the reliability of signal transmission; by finely designing the sensor's sensing elements, optimizing the signal acquisition path and current path, the internal resistance is reduced to achieve high-sensitivity current sensing; this design effectively reduces the delay of current detection and ensures real-time feedback; the module design integrates the zero offset adjustment function, allowing users to make personalized settings according to specific application scenarios. By adjusting the zero offset voltage, the accuracy of current sampling can be significantly improved, making the current display more realistic and reliable.

[0030] In the optimization of material configuration, advanced magnetic sensitive materials are used to improve the sensor's response speed and sensitivity to magnetic field changes, while maintaining good linearity and temperature stability; the shell material is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant alloys or special plastics to ensure that the sensor can maintain structural integrity and stable performance in harsh environments (such as high temperature, humidity, vibration, etc.); low resistance and high stability wire materials, as well as gold-plated or silver-plated precision connectors are used to reduce energy loss and signal attenuation during signal transmission, thereby improving the signal quality of the overall system.

[0031] Zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module: used for the module to precisely set and lock the zero offset voltage of the Hall current sensor to the optimal value;

[0032] In the zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module, the module has built-in advanced calibration algorithms, which automatically calculate and determine the optimal zero offset voltage value through precise current injection and measurement steps; these algorithms take into account factors such as the nonlinear characteristics, temperature drift and long-term stability of the sensor to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results; after finding the optimal zero offset voltage value, the module will immediately lock it through an electronic latch or software algorithm to prevent zero drift caused by changes in the external environment or power supply fluctuations; this locking mechanism ensures the stability and consistency of the sensor during long-term operation.

[0033] In addition to automatic calibration and locking, the module can also provide a manual fine-tuning interface (such as a fine-tuning knob or a digital adjustment button) so that users can make fine adjustments according to specific needs; this design takes into account both automation and flexibility to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0034] The module has a built-in zero offset monitoring circuit that can monitor the changes in the zero offset voltage of the sensor in real time. Once the offset is found to be beyond the preset range, it will automatically trigger an alarm and notify the user or control system to take corresponding measures. The module also has a calibration status feedback function that can provide the user or control system with the real-time status and results of the calibration process. This helps users understand the calibration progress and results and take corresponding measures.

[0035] High-precision signal processing module: used to integrate advanced signal conditioning and conversion circuits to receive and process high-precision current signals output by Hall current sensors;

[0036] In the high-precision signal processing module, a high-resolution, low-distortion ADC is used to convert the analog current signal into a digital signal; the high sampling rate and 24-bit number can ensure the accuracy and detail retention during the conversion process and reduce the quantization error; in addition to the analog filtering circuit, the module also integrates a powerful digital signal processing (DSP) unit, and applies advanced digital filtering algorithms to further filter out noise and interference; the digital filtering algorithm selects sliding average filtering, and the specific steps of sliding average filtering are:

[0037] A1: Determine the size of the sliding window; the window size determines the number of data points that will be considered during the filtering process; the choice of window size depends on the characteristics of the signal and the needs of the filtering; a larger window can provide a smoother output; a smaller window responds faster;

[0038] A2: Start filtering and initialize a buffer with a length equal to the window size to store the data points in the window. This buffer will be updated according to the first-in-first-out principle.

[0039] A3: Get data points from the input data stream step by step and add them to the window buffer. Before adding a new data point, if the buffer is full, the oldest data point needs to be removed to make room for the new data. This process ensures that the window always contains the latest data points;

[0040] A4: After each new data point is added, the average value of all data points in the window is calculated. This is usually achieved by adding the data points in the window and then dividing by the window size. The average value represents the central tendency of the data in the current window and is used as the output value after filtering;

[0041] A5: Use the calculated average value as the output, which represents the filtered value of the input data; this output value will be used for subsequent data processing or display.

[0042] Motor control algorithm optimization module: used to adjust the control strategy of the switched reluctance motor in real time to more accurately control the motor output torque;

[0043] In the motor control algorithm optimization module, current waveform control is one of the core links in the switched reluctance motor control, and its goal is to achieve the desired torque output by accurately controlling the current waveform in the winding; while keeping the turn-on angle and the turn-off angle unchanged, the peak value of the current is adjusted by controlling the size of the chopping current limit, thereby achieving the adjustment of the motor torque and speed; within a control cycle, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the current are given, and when the phase current exceeds the set maximum value, the power switch element is controlled to be turned off; when the phase current drops to the set minimum value, the power switch is turned on again; this is repeated to form a chopping current waveform;

[0044] The steps for forming the chopping current waveform are as follows:

[0045] The calculation method of average current is as follows:

[0046] I1=I2×G, where I1 represents the average current, I2 represents the peak current, and G represents the duty cycle;

[0047] In practical applications, the current waveform may be a triangular wave, a trapezoidal wave or a sine wave; this will affect the effective value of the current.

[0048] For a simple rectangular wave, the effective value is calculated as follows:

[0049] I3=I2×√G, where I3 represents the effective value, I2 represents the peak current, and G represents the duty cycle;

[0050] The torque of the motor is proportional to the square of the current: T∝I3 2 , where T represents the torque of the motor and I3 represents the effective value;

[0051] By adjusting the duty cycle, the torque output of the motor is controlled and a chopping current waveform is formed;

[0052] The commutation timing optimization is to distribute the total reference torque of the motor to each phase winding to achieve smooth torque output; divide the commutation area into multiple sub-areas, and adopt different control strategies according to the characteristics of different areas; for example, reduce the proportion of input phase torque distribution in the former area to quickly track the reference torque; reduce the output phase current in the latter area to avoid generating large negative torque; adaptively adjust the turn-on angle and turn-off angle according to the real-time operating state of the motor to optimize torque output and reduce torque pulsation; the operating state includes speed, torque, and current;

[0053] The opening angle affects the current waveform width, peak value and effective value, and has a significant impact on the output torque. Optimizing the opening angle can improve the torque-to-current ratio, thereby improving motor efficiency; the cut-off angle affects the current waveform width and its relative position to the inductance curve, and also has a certain impact on the effective value of the current and torque; select a fixed cut-off angle and achieve optimized control by changing the opening angle.

[0054] Interface and communication module: used to provide standardized electrical interface and communication protocol, data exchange and integration of switched reluctance motor controller and other external devices;

[0055] The interface and communication module provides a motor interface that complies with international or industry standards, such as a three-phase or multi-phase power interface, to ensure compatibility with switched reluctance motors of different models and specifications. The motor interface should have high current carrying capacity, low resistance and low inductance characteristics to reduce energy loss and electromagnetic interference; provide a stable DC or AC power interface to meet the power supply requirements of the controller; support a wide voltage range input to adapt to the power grid standards of different countries and regions; provide an encoder interface, a temperature sensor interface and other auxiliary interfaces to connect to the position feedback device and temperature monitoring equipment to improve the control accuracy and safety of the system.

[0056] The Modbus industrial communication protocol is used to ensure that the controller can be easily integrated into various automation systems; the protocol supports high-speed data transmission and has a powerful error detection and correction mechanism to ensure the reliability and accuracy of data transmission; in specific application scenarios, the communication protocol can be customized according to customer needs to meet specific data transmission format, rate and security requirements; custom protocols usually include key elements such as command words, data frame format, checksum, etc. to ensure the consistency and integrity of data transmission.

[0057] The interface and communication module supports real-time data acquisition and transmission, including motor status, including speed, torque, temperature, etc., control parameters including current, voltage, PWM duty cycle, and fault information including overcurrent, overheating, and communication failure; real-time data exchange helps to achieve fast response and precise control, and improve the overall performance and stability of the system; through standardized electrical interfaces and communication protocols, the controller can be integrated with HMI external devices to achieve remote monitoring, fault diagnosis, and parameter adjustment functions;

[0058] With the help of network interface Ethernet and cloud service platform, remote monitoring of the controller is realized; users can view the motor operating status and control parameters in real time through mobile phones and computer terminal devices; the controller has a built-in fault diagnosis and early warning mechanism, which can detect and predict potential faults in advance by real-time analysis of motor operating data and system status information; when an abnormal situation is detected, the controller will immediately sound an alarm and record the fault information for reference by users or maintenance personnel.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, 5V power supply, 600A current sensor is taken as an example to compare the current sampling accuracy of conventional current sensor and switch reluctance special sensor;

[0061] The zero offset voltage of a conventional current sensor is 2.5V, and -600A-600A corresponds to 0.5-4.5V. For a switched reluctance motor, only the positive 0-600A range is used, so 0-600A corresponds to 2.5-4.5V, and 3.33mV corresponds to 1A current.

[0062] The switch reluctance dedicated current sensor is designed with a zero offset voltage of 0.5V, 0-600A corresponds to 0.5-4.5V, and 6.67mV corresponds to 1A current;

[0063] In this way, when DSP performs AD sampling on the current signal, the sampling accuracy of the dedicated current sensor is increased by 1 times;

[0064] The principle of improving sampling accuracy for sensors with other current levels (100A-1200A) is similar to the above.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The specific principle of the three-phase 6 / 4 switched reluctance motor is as follows: Assuming that the rotor of the switched reluctance motor is in the position shown in the figure, switches S1 and S2 are closed, the A phase winding is energized, and the phase is excited by the DC power supply E. A radial magnetic field with A1A2 as the axis will be established in the motor, and the magnetic flux will be closed through the stator yoke, stator pole, air gap, rotor pole, rotor yoke, etc. The magnetic lines of force passing through the air gap are curved. At this time, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit is greater than the magnetic resistance when the axes of the stator and rotor poles coincide. Therefore, the rotor will be affected by the torque generated by the tangential magnetic pull of the curved magnetic lines of force in the air gap, so that the axis a1a2 of the rotor pole moves toward the axis A1A2 of the stator A phase pole and is affected by the torque in this direction, that is, counterclockwise. When a1a2 moves to coincide with the axis A1A2, the magnetic resistance is minimum, and the A phase will no longer generate torque. At this time, another phase should be turned on, such as the B phase, and the rotor will rotate counterclockwise by another step angle. If the windings are energized continuously in the order of A-B-C, the motor rotor will rotate continuously in the counterclockwise direction against the excitation sequence. Conversely, if the C-B-A phases are energized in sequence, the motor will rotate clockwise.

[0067] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller, characterized in that: include: Customized Hall current sensor module: This sensor is designed for switched reluctance motors, and its internal structure and material configuration are precisely adjusted to achieve high-precision detection of motor current; Zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module: used for the module to precisely set and lock the zero offset voltage of the Hall current sensor to the optimal value; High-precision signal processing module: used to integrate advanced signal conditioning and conversion circuits to receive and process high-precision current signals output by Hall current sensors; Motor control algorithm optimization module: used to adjust the control strategy of the switched reluctance motor in real time to more accurately control the motor output torque; Interface and communication module: used to provide standardized electrical interface and communication protocol, switched reluctance motor controller and other external devices for data exchange and integration.

2. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the customized Hall current sensor module, the internal structure of the sensor module adopts materials with high conductivity and low temperature drift to ensure stable performance under various environmental conditions; these materials can effectively reduce measurement errors and improve the reliability of signal transmission; by finely designing the sensing elements of the sensor, the signal acquisition path and the current path are optimized, thereby reducing the internal resistance and achieving high-sensitivity current sensing; this design effectively reduces the delay of current detection and ensures real-time feedback; the module design integrates the zero offset adjustment function, allowing users to make personalized settings according to specific application scenarios; by adjusting the zero offset voltage, the accuracy of current sampling is improved, making the current display more realistic and reliable.

3. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the zero offset voltage precise setting mechanism module, the module has a built-in advanced calibration algorithm, which automatically calculates and determines the optimal zero offset voltage value through precise current injection and measurement steps; These algorithms take into account factors such as the nonlinear characteristics, temperature drift, and long-term stability of the sensor to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results; once the optimal zero offset voltage value is found, the module will immediately lock it through an electronic latch or software algorithm to prevent zero drift caused by external environmental changes or power supply fluctuations; this locking mechanism ensures the stability and consistency of the sensor during long-term operation.

4. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the high-precision signal processing module, a high-resolution, low-distortion ADC is used to convert the analog current signal into a digital signal; the high sampling rate and 24-bit number can ensure the accuracy and detail retention during the conversion process and reduce quantization errors; in addition to the analog filtering circuit, the module also integrates a powerful digital signal processing unit and uses advanced digital filtering algorithms to further filter out noise and interference.

5. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps of sliding average filtering are: A1: Determine the size of the sliding window; the window size determines the number of data points that will be considered during the filtering process; the choice of window size depends on the characteristics of the signal and the needs of the filtering; a larger window can provide a smoother output; a smaller window responds faster; A2: Start filtering and initialize a buffer with a length equal to the window size to store the data points in the window. This buffer will be updated according to the first-in-first-out principle. A3: Get data points from the input data stream step by step and add them to the window buffer. Before adding a new data point, if the buffer is full, remove the oldest data point to make room for the new data. This process ensures that the window always contains the latest data point. A4: After each new data point is added, the average value of all data points in the window is calculated. This is usually achieved by adding the data points in the window and then dividing by the window size. The average value represents the central tendency of the data in the current window and is used as the output value after filtering. A5: Use the calculated average value as the output, representing the filtered value of the input data; This output value will be used for subsequent data processing or display.

6. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the motor control algorithm optimization module, current waveform control is one of the core links in the switched reluctance motor control, and its goal is to achieve the desired torque output by accurately controlling the current waveform in the winding; while keeping the turn-on angle and the turn-off angle unchanged, the peak value of the current is adjusted by controlling the size of the chopping current, thereby achieving the adjustment of the motor torque and speed; within a control cycle, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the current are given, and when the phase current exceeds the set maximum value, the power switch element is controlled to be turned off; when the phase current drops to the set minimum value, the power switch is turned on again; This process is repeated to form a chopping current waveform.

7. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for forming the chopping current waveform are as follows: The calculation method of average current is as follows: I1=I2×G, where I1 represents the average current, I2 represents the peak current, and G represents the duty cycle; In practical applications, the current waveform may be a triangular wave, a trapezoidal wave, or a sine wave; this will affect the effective value of the current; For a simple rectangular wave, the effective value is calculated as follows: I3=I2×√G, where I3 represents the effective value, I2 represents the peak current, and G represents the duty cycle; The torque of the motor is proportional to the square of the current: T∝I3 2 , where T represents the torque of the motor and I3 represents the effective value; By adjusting the duty cycle, the torque output of the motor is controlled and a chopping current waveform is formed.

8. The Hall current sensor system for a switched reluctance motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the interface and communication module, a motor interface that complies with international or industry standards is provided, such as a three-phase or multi-phase power interface, to ensure compatibility with switched reluctance motors of different models and specifications; the motor interface should have high current carrying capacity, low resistance and low inductance characteristics to reduce energy loss and electromagnetic interference; a stable DC or AC power interface is provided to meet the power supply requirements of the controller; a wide voltage range input is supported to adapt to the power grid standards of different countries and regions; an encoder interface, a temperature sensor interface and other auxiliary interfaces are provided to facilitate access to position feedback devices and temperature monitoring equipment to improve the control accuracy and safety of the system; The Modbus industrial communication protocol is used to ensure that the controller can be easily integrated into various automation systems. The protocol supports high-speed data transmission and has a powerful error detection and correction mechanism to ensure the reliability and accuracy of data transmission. In specific application scenarios, the communication protocol can be customized according to customer needs to meet specific data transmission format, rate and security requirements. Customized protocols usually include key elements such as command words, data frame format, checksum, etc. to ensure the consistency and integrity of data transmission. The interface and communication module supports real-time data acquisition and transmission, including motor status, including speed, torque, temperature, etc., control parameters including current, voltage, PWM duty cycle, and fault information including overcurrent, overheating, and communication failure; real-time data exchange helps to achieve fast response and precise control, and improve the overall performance and stability of the system; through standardized electrical interfaces and communication protocols, the controller can be integrated with HMI external devices to achieve remote monitoring, fault diagnosis, and parameter adjustment functions.

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