Salt removal system and method for saline-alkali land based on straw formation

Abstract

The present invention proposes a salt drainage system and method for saline-alkali land based on straw, belonging to the technical field of soil drainage and saline-alkali land management; the system comprises a straw drainage body buried in the saline-alkali land, a water collection well buried in the saline-alkali land and a drainage ditch formed by excavating on the surface of the saline-alkali land; the straw drainage body is connected to the water collection well, and a water pumping mechanism is provided in the water collection well for discharging the saline-alkali water collected in the water collection well into the drainage ditch; the method comprises S1: land leveling; S2: determining layout parameters and schemes; S3: processing and manufacturing the straw drainage body; S4: installation: digging drainage ditches at designed positions, laying straw drainage bodies and installing water collection wells; S5: slope protection treatment of drainage ditch slopes; S6: crop planting; S7: soil salt leaching; S8: drainage and salt removal; the present invention utilizes straw to construct a straw drainage body and a straw blanket slope protection, which is ecologically friendly, has good drainage and slope consolidation effects, and provides favorable conditions for saline-alkali land management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil drainage and saline-alkali land management, and in particular to a saline-alkali land salt drainage system and method based on straw. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many methods for improving saline-alkali land, the most common ones are planting salt-alkali tolerant crops, applying organic fertilizer to improve soil, digging open ditches to facilitate drainage and desalination, using plastic film to block salt and alkali, and desalination through underground pipes - open ditch drainage. Desalination is achieved by laying underground pipes for drainage, that is, through the underground pipe network buried under the soil layer of saline-alkali land, the salt water in the soil is introduced into the open ditch and discharged from the soil. There are many micropores distributed on the underground pipe wall to achieve the effect of washing and desalination.

[0003] At present, the materials of concealed pipes include ceramic pipes, concrete pipes, plastic pipes, etc. Some pipes are relatively expensive and difficult to popularize and promote; some pipes are heavy and difficult to construct; some plastic pipes are buried underground, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. In addition, the concealed pipe drainage system mostly uses corrugated plastic pipes with holes as water suction pipes. Since the water suction pipes are buried in the deeper soil, if the filter material outside the pipe is improperly set or in places where the soil is prone to siltation, the holes are easily blocked and the pipes are blocked, which reduces the drainage capacity of the pipes and even causes the drainage concealed pipes to fail and cannot be maintained. At the same time, the waterlogging in the field cannot be discharged in time, which affects the aeration of the soil and worsens the crop growth environment.

[0004] The drainage efficiency of traditional drainage pipes in unsaturated soil is not high. This is because under unsaturated conditions, the combined effect of the atmospheric pressure in the pipes and the matrix suction in the soil makes it difficult for soil moisture to automatically enter the pipes. The moisture always flows around the pipes. Only when the soil around the pipes reaches saturation will the moisture enter the pipes and be drained away.

[0005] In saline irrigation areas, the groundwater level is generally shallow. Under the action of capillary force, the groundwater rises to the surface, and the shallow soil has backwater and night tide phenomena, resulting in cold soil, low ground temperature, slow soil warming, poor soil permeability, and hindered seed germination and root development of crops. At present, the cost-effective methods such as concealed pipe drainage are used to control the groundwater level in saline irrigation areas. However, the use of concealed pipe drainage technology cannot solve the problems of cold soil, low ground temperature, slow soil warming, and poor soil ventilation and permeability in saline areas.

[0006] The saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta was formed by the impact of the Yellow River. It is young and has an unstable soil structure. It is prone to soil erosion when it comes into contact with water, which makes the drainage ditch slopes prone to collapse, increasing maintenance costs and being unfavorable for saline-alkali land improvement. Therefore, there is an urgent need to build a rapid ecological stabilization technology for saline-alkali farmland drainage ditch slopes.

[0007] Therefore, in order to meet the technical needs of green development of saline-alkali land, it is necessary to seek a saline-alkali land management system and method that is green and environmentally friendly, has good drainage and desalination effects, is not prone to siltation, can improve the aeration of saline-alkali land, and stabilize the slopes of drainage ditches. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a system and method for draining salt from saline-alkali land based on straw.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0010] In the first aspect, the technical scheme proposes a salt drainage system for saline-alkali land based on straw, including a straw drainage body buried in the saline-alkali land, a water collection well buried in the saline-alkali land, and a drainage ditch excavated on the surface of the saline-alkali land; the straw drainage body is connected to the water collection well, and a pumping mechanism is provided in the water collection well to discharge the saline-alkali water collected in the water collection well into the drainage ditch;

[0011] The straw drainage body comprises a plurality of drainage units which are assembled and connected, and the drainage units comprise:

[0012] An inner core layer, the inner core layer is located in the middle of the drainage unit; the inner core layer is a straw bundle, and the straw bundle is formed by bundling a plurality of straws;

[0013] A skeleton layer, the skeleton layer is sleeved on the inner core layer to form a skeleton support; the skeleton layer includes two pairs of bamboo pieces, and the bamboo pieces are provided with a plurality of penetration holes; the bamboo pieces are formed by splitting a bamboo tube with a circular cross section into two; the inner diameter of the bamboo tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the straw bundle; when the two bamboo pieces are buckled on the inner core layer, a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces;

[0014] The overhead layer is arranged on the outer surface of the bamboo sheet located above; the overhead layer includes a second straw rope, and the second straw rope is attached to the surface of the bamboo sheet in an "S" shape; the second straw rope is constructed to form a plurality of cavity cells on the surface of the bamboo sheet;

[0015] A water-permeable filter cloth layer, wherein the water-permeable filter cloth layer is wound and arranged on the outermost layer; the water-permeable filter cloth layer presses and fixes the second straw rope; the water-permeable filter cloth layer gathers and wraps the overhead layer, the skeleton layer, and the inner core layer into one; the water-permeable filter cloth layer surrounds the slot to form a guide channel; the cavity cell is connected to the guide channel;

[0016] A straw blanket is laid on the slope of the drainage ditch, and the straw blanket is fixed on the slope through a fixing piece.

[0017] Preferably, the straw grass blanket includes a surface mesh layer located at the top, a bottom mesh layer located at the bottom, and a nutrient layer located between the surface mesh layer and the bottom mesh layer, the surface mesh layer and the bottom mesh layer are laid flat and sutured to be connected, a padding paper is arranged between the nutrient layer and the bottom mesh, a straw layer is arranged between the nutrient layer and the surface mesh layer, and a grass seed layer is arranged between the straw layer and the nutrient layer.

[0018] Preferably, the fixing member is a first fixing member, which includes a vertical bamboo pole and a horizontal bamboo pole, the bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole has an oblique spike portion, and the pole body of the vertical bamboo pole is provided with a through hole; the horizontal bamboo pole is provided with a notch, and the width of the notch is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole; the horizontal bamboo pole can freely pass through the through hole, and when in use, the horizontal bamboo pole and the vertical bamboo pole form a cross structure; the notch is engaged with the through hole.

[0019] Preferably, the fixing member is a second fixing member, which includes a hollow outer rod, the interior of the hollow outer rod is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole and at least one second oblique hole are formed on the circumference of the hollow outer rod, and the second oblique hole is located above the first oblique hole; a barbed rod used as a barb is inserted in the first oblique hole, and the barbed rod has a first bamboo node for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod, and the other end is arranged on the outside of the barbed rod; both ends of the barbed rod are oblique, forming a first oblique end and a second oblique end respectively; a pressing rod is inserted in the second oblique hole for achieving pressing and fixing of the straw blanket, and the pressing rod has a second bamboo node for achieving blocking and limiting; it also includes an inner rod, the bottom end of the inner rod is also oblique, and when the inner rod is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod, the barbed rod is squeezed by the inner rod and extends outward to form a barbed structure.

[0020] Preferably, the hollow outer rod is a bamboo pole; and the inner rod is a willow pole.

[0021] Preferably, a hose is provided in the guide channel, and a plurality of second microholes are arranged on the hose body.

[0022] In the second aspect, the technical solution proposes a method for draining salt from saline-alkali land based on straw, and the specific method is as follows:

[0023] S1: Land leveling;

[0024] S2: Determine the layout parameters and plans based on soil physical and chemical properties, basic data and plot specifications;

[0025] S3: Processing and manufacturing straw drainage bodies;

[0026] S4: Installation:

[0027] Dig drainage ditches, lay straw drainage bodies and install water collection wells at the designed locations;

[0028] S5: Slope protection treatment for the slope of the excavated drainage ditch:

[0029] S51: Level the slope of the drainage ditch;

[0030] S52: laying a straw mat on the slope: spreading the straw mat along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground, and then fixing the spread straw mat on the slope surface with a fixing piece;

[0031] S53: watering and curing the straw mat;

[0032] S6: Select appropriate crops and plant them on the plots based on the physical and chemical properties of the soil;

[0033] S7: Soil salt leaching:

[0034] Use rainfall or irrigation to wash saline-alkali land, washing the salt from the upper soil layer to the lower soil layer;

[0035] S8: Drainage and salt removal: Soil water containing leached salts infiltrates into the straw drainage body, flows into the collection well from the straw drainage body, and is then pumped into the drainage ditch by the water pump in the collection well, thereby reducing the soil salt content.

[0036] Preferably, the specific method for processing and manufacturing the straw drainage body in S3 is as follows:

[0037] S31: Prepare bamboo tubes, straws and permeable filter cloth layers that meet the requirements;

[0038] S32: bundling the straw into bundles to form straw bundles, and cutting the straw bundles into required lengths using a cutting device to obtain an inner core layer;

[0039] S33: cutting the bamboo tube into two parts to obtain bamboo pieces that meet the requirements; then using a drilling tool to drill holes around the bamboo pieces to form penetration holes to obtain a skeleton layer;

[0040] S34: placing a skeleton layer formed by two bamboo pieces on the inner core layer; forming a groove between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces;

[0041] S35: installing a second straw rope on the surface of the upper bamboo sheet to construct a cavity cell to form an overhead layer;

[0042] S36: Wrapping the water-permeable filter cloth layer on the skeleton layer, and wrapping the overhead layer, the skeleton layer, and the inner core layer together; the water-permeable filter cloth layer surrounds the slot to form a guide channel; thus, a set of drainage units is formed;

[0043] S37: A pull rope is respectively inserted into the guide channel of each set of drainage units, and both ends of the pull rope extend outside the drainage unit with sufficient margin;

[0044] S38: splicing the multiple drainage units end to end to form a straw drainage body; when splicing, tying the pull ropes corresponding to the drainage units to form a whole; thus, a complete pulling rope is formed in the guide channel;

[0045] S39: Tie a hose at one end of a traction rope, and then drag the other end of the traction rope. As the traction rope moves, the hose is driven to move from one end of the guide channel to the other end, thereby achieving the threading and connection of the hose. After the threading is completed, release the connection between the traction rope and the hose to form a straw drainage body with a hose.

[0046] Preferably, the specific method of installing the second straw rope in S35 is:

[0047] First, a number of fixed sticks are processed and made in advance, wherein the fixed sticks are selected from bamboo sticks, cotton stalk sticks or willow sticks;

[0048] Second, lay the second straw rope in an "S" shape on the surface of the bamboo piece;

[0049] Third, penetrate the bottom end of the fixing stick through the second straw rope, insert the bottom end of the fixing stick into the corresponding penetration hole of the bamboo piece, until the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the inner core layer; arrange several fixing sticks along the direction of the second straw rope to complete the preliminary shaping and fixing of the second straw rope.

[0050] Preferably, the specific installation method of the fixing member in S52 is:

[0051] ① If the first fixing member is selected as the fixing member, the specific method is as follows: spread the straw blanket along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground; insert the horizontal bamboo pole into the hole of the vertical bamboo pole to form a cross-shaped structure; then, hit the vertical bamboo pole with a hammer, so that the bottom of the vertical bamboo pole pierces the straw blanket and inserts into the soil of the slope, and the vertical bamboo pole is hammered hard until the horizontal bamboo pole is pressed on the surface of the straw blanket to complete the point fixation; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple first fixing members;

[0052] ② If the second fixing member is selected as the fixing member, the specific method is as follows: unfold the straw blanket along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground; insert the barbed rod into the first inclined hole to complete the assembly of the barbed rod and the hollow outer rod; then, hammer the hollow outer rod with the barbed rod so that the hollow outer rod pierces the straw blanket and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continue hammering until the barbed rod also enters the soil of the slope; then, insert the holding rod into the second inclined hole, and continue hammering the hollow outer rod so that the hollow outer rod drives the holding rod to move downward until the bottom end of the holding rod holds and fixes the straw blanket; finally, insert the inner rod into the hollow outer rod, and knock the inner rod downward, the outer wall of the inner rod will squeeze the barbed rod, so that the barbed rod slides along the first inclined hole in the direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod, and the barbed rod is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to improve the anchoring force; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixing members.

[0053] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0054] 1. The straw drainage body designed by the present invention adopts green natural materials to form an ecological composite structure of "straw bundle + bamboo slices + permeable filter cloth layer". The bamboo slices are used to construct a skeleton layer, which has a good supporting effect and prevents the internal straw bundle from being squeezed and compacted under pressure. The gaps between the straws can form a drainage channel so that the water permeability is not reduced, thereby ensuring the soil drainage effect. It is low in price, rich in materials, simple in construction, pollution-free to the environment, and has significant economic, social and ecological environmental benefits.

[0055] 2. The straw drainage body uses the gap between two pieces of bamboo to construct a groove, which can form a guide channel with the water-permeable filter cloth layer. The guide channel can be used as a mounting hole for the hose, which is very convenient. The straw drainage body not only has the ability to drain water and salt, but also has the ability to prevent blockage and maintain and improve the air permeability of saline-alkali land, achieving multiple effects in saline-alkali land management.

[0056] 3. The straw drainage body is also provided with an overhead layer, and a second straw rope is used to construct a cavity cell on the surface of the bamboo slices. The cavity cell can facilitate the penetration of saline-alkali water and reduce the resistance of water entering the straw drainage body. Therefore, the present invention eliminates the resistance of soil moisture entering the concealed pipe to the greatest extent. Due to the difference in water conductivity between the overhead layer and the soil, water in the soil is easily collected in the overhead layer and drained to the inner core layer through the overhead layer, thus ensuring normal drainage. Moreover, the overhead layer is located above the drainage body, which can ensure that water is collected above the drainage body, so that a local saturated area is generated above the drainage body, forcing water to enter the inner core layer through the bamboo slices, thereby improving drainage efficiency; when the soil water is in an unsaturated state, the soil water can still be collected in the concealed pipe and discharged from the concealed pipe, thus ensuring normal drainage of the concealed pipe.

[0057] 4. In the present invention, the slope of the drainage ditch is protected by a straw mat. The root system of the grass seeds can effectively stabilize the slope, ensure the safety and stability of the saline-alkali slope protection, and achieve good greening effect. The straw mat and fixing parts used can not only realize the full reuse of straw resources, but also enable rapid construction and reduce costs. At the same time, a salt-alkali resistant "grass-bamboo-willow" ecological slope protection system can be constructed to achieve vegetation planting, effectively prevent soil erosion, and improve the saline-alkali ecological environment. At the same time, the operation is simple and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a structural front view of the drainage unit in the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the central drainage unit.

[0060] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the drainage unit.

[0061] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after adjacent drainage units are assembled.

[0062] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first straw rope is wound on the inner core layer.

[0063] Figure 6 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a drainage unit with a central pipe and a hose.

[0064] Figure 7 It is a structural cross-section diagram of a drainage unit with an elevated floor.

[0065] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the drainage unit after installing the central pipe and hose.

[0066] Fig. 9 This is a bird's-eye view of the hollow cells formed by the bamboo strips and the second straw rope structure. Figure 1 .

[0067] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram when adjacent central pipes are connected through pipe joints.

[0068] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the salt drainage system for saline-alkali land based on straw. Figure 1 .

[0069] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the straw drainage body is connected to the infiltration column.

[0070] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the short section.

[0071] Fig.14 yes Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of straw drainage body and infiltration column in saline-alkali land.

[0072] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the salt drainage system for saline-alkali land based on straw. Figure 2 .

[0073] Fig.16 This is a bird's-eye view of the hollow cells formed by the bamboo strips and the second straw rope structure. Figure 2 .

[0074] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structural layering of the straw grass blanket in the present invention.

[0075] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the first fixing member is assembled.

[0076] Fig.19 It is a structural exploded diagram of the first fixing member when it is not assembled.

[0077] Fig. 20 This is the wireframe diagram after the first fixing part is assembled.

[0078] Fig.21 is an exploded view of the second fixing member.

[0079] Fig. 22 It is a structural split diagram of the hollow outer rod and the barbed rod in the second fixing member.

[0080] Fig.23 It is a construction status diagram of the second fixing part when it is in use.

[0081] Fig.24 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slope protection system formed by a first fixing member and a straw blanket.

[0082] Fig.25 It is a flow chart of the treatment method in the present invention.

[0083] In the figure: 1, drainage unit; 101, inner core layer; 1011, first straw rope; 102, skeleton layer; 103, water-permeable filter cloth layer; 104, guide channel; 105, hose; 106, center pipe; 107, butt joint; 108, cavity format; 109, second straw rope;

[0084] 2. Geotextile; 3. Pup joint; 31. Plug hole; 4. Infiltration column; 5. Water collection well; 6. Drainage ditch; 7. Pump; 8. Drain pipe; 9. Saline-alkali land; 10. Cultivated layer;

[0085] 11. Straw blanket; 111. Bottom net layer; 112. Pad paper; 113. Nutrition layer; 114. Grass seed layer; 115. Straw layer; 116. Surface net layer;

[0086] a1, vertical bamboo pole; a2, horizontal bamboo pole; a11, spike portion; a12, hole; a21, notch;

[0087] b1, hollow outer rod; b11, first oblique hole; b12, second oblique hole; b2, inner rod; b3, barbed rod; b31, first bamboo joint; b4, holding rod; b41, second bamboo joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0089] Embodiment 1:

[0090] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 as well as Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment proposes a salt drainage system for saline-alkali land based on straw, including a straw drainage body buried in the saline-alkali land 9, a water collection well 5 buried in the saline-alkali land 9, and a drainage ditch 6 excavated on the surface of the saline-alkali land 9; the straw drainage body is connected to the water collection well 5, and a water pump mechanism is provided in the water collection well 5 to discharge the saline-alkali water collected in the water collection well 5 into the drainage ditch 6. In this embodiment, a straw blanket 11 is laid on the slope of the drainage ditch 6, and the straw blanket 11 is fixed on the slope by a fixing member to form a slope protection system.

[0091] The water pumping mechanism includes a water pump 7, which is arranged in the water collection well 5. The water outlet of the water pump 7 is connected to a drainage pipe 8, and the water outlet of the drainage pipe 8 is connected to the drainage ditch 6 to lift up and discharge the salt water in the water collection well 5.

[0092] Regarding the straw drainage body, the following is a detailed description:

[0093] The straw drainage body includes a plurality of drainage units 1 assembled and connected. The drainage unit 1 mainly includes an inner core layer 101, a skeleton layer 102, a water-permeable filter cloth layer 103, an overhead layer, etc., which are described in detail below:

[0094] First, regarding the inner core layer 101:

[0095] Inner core layer 101: The inner core layer 101 is located in the middle of the drainage unit 1; the cross-sectional shape of the inner core layer 101 is circular; the inner core layer 101 is a straw bundle, which is formed by bundling a number of straws; the straw bundle can be one or more of wheat straw, rice straw, reed straw, etc. The straw bundle can absorb and intercept nitrogen and phosphorus, so that nitrogen and phosphorus are retained in the soil, and the water flow without nitrogen and phosphorus flows into the drainage ditch 6 or the water collection well 5 through the gaps between the straws.

[0096] As a feasible embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the inner core layer 101 further includes a first straw rope 1011, which is tightly wound around the straw bundle to form a support reinforcement layer. The first straw rope 1011 is made of hemp rope, straw rope or straw rope, which can effectively improve the strength and further ensure that the entire inner core layer 101 will not deform under greater pressure, thereby avoiding a decrease in drainage performance.

[0097] Second, regarding the skeleton layer 102:

[0098] Skeleton layer 102: The skeleton layer 102 is sleeved on the inner core layer 101 to form a skeleton support, which can effectively prevent the straw bundle from being deformed too much after being subjected to pressure, and play a role in enhancing strength; the skeleton layer 102 includes two pairs of bamboo pieces, and the bamboo pieces are provided with a plurality of penetration holes around them; the bamboo pieces are formed by splitting a bamboo tube with a circular cross-section into two; the inner diameter of the bamboo tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the straw bundle; when the two bamboo pieces are buckled on the inner core layer 101, a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces.

[0099] Third, about the overhead layer:

[0100] The overhead layer may or may not be provided. When it is required, the overhead layer is provided on the outer surface of the bamboo sheet located above; the overhead layer includes a second straw rope 109, which is applied to the surface of the bamboo sheet in an "S" shape or a strip shape; the second straw rope 109 forms a plurality of cavity cells 108 on the surface of the bamboo sheet. These two structural forms will be described in detail later.

[0101] Fourth, regarding the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103:

[0102] Water-permeable filter cloth layer 103: The water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 is wound and arranged on the outermost layer; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 presses and fixes the second straw rope 109; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 gathers and wraps the overhead layer, the skeleton layer 102, and the inner core layer 101 as a whole; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 surrounds the slot to form a guide channel 104; the cavity cell 108 is connected to the guide channel 104; in this embodiment, the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 adopts a degradable non-woven geotextile.

[0103] Regarding the first structural form of the overhead layer:

[0104] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the overhead layer includes a second straw rope 109, which can be made of materials such as rice straw rope and wheat straw rope; the second straw rope 109 is divided into a plurality of rope segments, which are affixed to the surface of the bamboo pieces in an interval arrangement; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 wraps and presses the rope segments; and cavity cells 108 are formed between adjacent rope segments, which are connected to the guide channel 104.

[0105] Regarding the second structural form of the overhead layer:

[0106] In this embodiment, Fig.16 As shown, the overhead layer includes a complete second straw rope 109, and the second straw rope 109 is applied to the surface of the bamboo piece in an "S" shape; the second straw rope 109 forms a plurality of cavity cells 108 on the surface of the bamboo piece.

[0107] Further explanation is needed:

[0108] After the effective use period of the drainage unit 1 proposed by the present invention ends, the straw bundles and / or bamboo pieces rot into organic matter in the soil, which helps to increase soil nutrients.

[0109] When the drainage units 1 are spliced ​​and assembled, adjacent drainage units 1 can be assembled by winding and bundling, for example, by winding geotextile 2 and other technical means.

[0110] As a feasible embodiment, a central tube 106 is provided in the center of the inner core layer 101. The central tube 106 is arranged along the length direction of the drainage unit 1, and a plurality of first micropores are arranged along the tube body of the central tube 106. When processing and manufacturing straw bundles, the central tube 106 is directly pre-buried in the center of the straw bundle to achieve assembly. When in use, the central tube 106 can be used as a negative pressure tube. One end of the central tube 106 is connected to a negative pressure generator. When the negative pressure generator is working, the central tube 106 generates negative pressure. Saline-alkali water can flow smoothly into the inner core layer 101 under the action of this negative pressure, which can reduce the resistance of soil moisture entering the concealed pipe. Fig.10 As shown, during assembly, the central tube 106 is connected by a butt joint 107 , which is made of a hard material, and both ends of the butt joint 107 can be inserted into adjacent central tubes 106 to achieve plug-in connection.

[0111] As a feasible embodiment, a hose 105 is provided in the guide channel 104, and a plurality of second micro-holes are arranged on the hose 105. The use of the hose 105 is further described below.

[0112] About straw blanket 11:

[0113] like Fig.17 As shown, the straw grass blanket 11 includes a surface net layer 116 at the top and a bottom net layer 111 at the bottom, and a nutrition layer 113 between the surface net layer 116 and the bottom net layer 111, the surface net layer 116 and the bottom net layer 111 are laid flat and sutured, a padding paper 112 is arranged between the nutrition layer 113 and the bottom net, a straw layer 115 is arranged between the nutrition layer 113 and the surface net layer 116, and a grass seed layer 114 is arranged between the straw layer 115 and the nutrition layer 113. The grass seeds in the grass seed layer 114 can be selected from salt wormwood, salt alkali grass, horse urine grass, gray green quinoa, bermudagrass, etc. suitable for saline-alkali land 9.

[0114] Regarding the fixing member for fixing the straw grass blanket 11, it has two structural forms:

[0115] like Fig.18 - Fig. 20 As shown, when the fixing member is the first fixing member, the first fixing member includes a vertical bamboo pole a1 and a horizontal bamboo pole a2, the bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole a1 has an oblique spike portion a11, and the pole body of the vertical bamboo pole a1 is provided with a through hole a12; the horizontal bamboo pole a2 is provided with a notch a21, and the width of the notch a21 is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole a1; the horizontal bamboo pole a2 can freely pass through the through hole a12, and when in use, the horizontal bamboo pole a2 and the vertical bamboo pole a1 form a cross structure; the notch a21 is engaged with the through hole a12.

[0116] like Fig.21 - Fig.24As shown, when the fixing member is the second fixing member, the second fixing member includes a hollow outer rod b1, and the interior of the hollow outer rod b1 is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole b11 and at least one second oblique hole b12 are formed on the circumference of the hollow outer rod b1, and the second oblique hole b12 is located above the first oblique hole b11; a barbed rod b3 used as a barb is inserted in the first oblique hole b11, and the barbed rod b3 has a first bamboo node b31 for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod b1, and the other end of the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod b1, and the other end of the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod b1. One end is arranged on the outside of the barbed rod b3; both ends of the barbed rod b3 are oblique, forming a first oblique end and a second oblique end respectively; a pressing rod b4 is inserted in the second oblique hole b12 to achieve pressing and fixing of the straw blanket 11, and the pressing rod b4 has a second bamboo node b41 to achieve blocking and limiting; it also includes an inner rod b2, and the bottom end of the inner rod b2 is also oblique. When the inner rod b2 is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod b1, the barbed rod b3 is squeezed by the inner rod b2 and extends outward to form a barbed structure. In this embodiment, when in use, the first inclined hole b11 is located in the soil below the straw blanket 11, and is used to cooperate with the barbed rod to construct a barbed structure to improve the pull-out and tensile resistance; the second inclined hole b12 is located above the straw blanket 11, and is used to install the holding rod, and the holding rod is used to hold and fix the straw blanket 11; the first inclined hole b11 is oriented obliquely upward, and the second inclined hole b12 is oriented obliquely downward, and the inclination directions of the two are opposite.

[0117] In this embodiment, the hollow outer rod b1 can be made of cold-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-resistant and alkali-resistant bamboo poles; the inner rod b2 can be made of salt-resistant willow poles, such as Salt Willow No. 1. Salt Willow No. 1 is a new variety selected from dozens of experimental willow species by Shandong Academy of Forestry in Dongying coastal saline-alkali land 9 for more than ten years. This variety comes from the shrub Salix psammophila in the desert area. It has strong resistance and adaptability, can withstand 0.6% salt and alkali, drought and water, and inherits the characteristics of Salix psammophila drought-resistant, barren-resistant and pest-resistant. The fixing parts are made of green plants, whether bamboo or willow. When inserted into the soil, it is equivalent to cuttings. When bamboo and willow sprout, the roots will penetrate into the soil to form an effective slope fixation. With the root system of grass, a "grass-bamboo-willow" triple vegetation slope protection system is formed, which has strong anti-scouring ability and the slope is not easy to collapse, thus constructing a slope stabilization technology.

[0118] Application results:

[0119] In the present invention, the slope of the drainage ditch 6 is treated with a straw mat 11 for slope protection. The root system of the grass seeds can effectively stabilize the slope, ensure the safety and stability of the saline-alkali land 9 slope protection, and achieve good greening effect. The straw mat 11 and fixing parts used can not only achieve full reuse of straw resources, but also enable rapid construction and reduce costs. At the same time, a salt-alkali resistant "grass-bamboo-willow" ecological slope protection system can be constructed to achieve vegetation planting, effectively prevent soil erosion, and improve the saline-alkali ecological environment. At the same time, the operation is simple and the cost is low.

[0120] Working principle:

[0121] The straw drainage body designed by the present invention adopts green natural materials to form an ecological composite structure of straw bundles + bamboo slices + permeable filter cloth layer 103, and utilizes bamboo slices to construct a skeleton layer 102, which has a good supporting effect and prevents the internal straw bundles from being squeezed and compacted under pressure. The gaps between the straws can form drainage channels, so that the water permeability is not reduced, thereby ensuring the soil drainage effect. It is low in price, rich in materials, simple in construction, pollution-free to the environment, and has significant economic, social and ecological environmental benefits.

[0122] In addition, a groove is constructed by utilizing the gap between two pieces of bamboo pieces, and a guide channel 104 can be formed in cooperation with the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103. The guide channel 104 can be used as a mounting hole for a hose 105, which is very convenient. The straw drainage body not only has the ability to drain water and salt, but also has the ability to prevent blockage and maintain and improve the air permeability of saline-alkali land 9, thereby achieving multiple effects in the management of saline-alkali land 9.

[0123] The overhead layer can bring the following technical effects:

[0124] The second straw rope 109 is used to construct a cavity cell 108 on the surface of the bamboo slices. The cavity cell 108 can facilitate the penetration of saline water and reduce the resistance of water entering the straw drainage body. Therefore, the present invention eliminates the resistance of soil moisture entering the concealed pipe to the greatest extent. Due to the difference in water conductivity between the overhead layer and the soil, water in the soil is easily collected in the overhead layer and drained to the inner core layer 101 through the overhead layer, so that normal drainage can be ensured. In addition, the overhead layer is located above the drainage body, which can ensure that water is collected above the drainage body, so that a local saturated area is generated above the drainage body, forcing water to enter the inner core layer 101 through the bamboo slices, thereby improving drainage efficiency; when the soil water is in an unsaturated state, the soil water can still be collected in the concealed pipe and discharged from the concealed pipe, ensuring normal drainage of the concealed pipe.

[0125] Embodiment 2:

[0126] The structure of the straw drainage body can also be the following:

[0127] like Fig.12 - Fig.15 As shown, other structures are the same as those in the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the drainage units 1 can be connected by short sections 3, and the two ends of the short sections 3 are respectively plugged and fixed with the drainage units 1 on both sides. The short sections 3 can be made of bamboo tubes, and bamboo tubes of appropriate diameter are selected. The two ends of the drainage unit 1 are wrapped with geotextiles 2 of appropriate thickness to form a flexible plug connector, and then the flexible plug connector is inserted into the bamboo tube to complete the plug connection. The flexible plug connector can be used to utilize its deformation ability to facilitate filling the gap, so that the flexible plug connector has a better fit with the inner wall of the bamboo tube to prevent leakage; on the other hand, the bamboo tube is a natural material, green and environmentally friendly, and can increase soil fertility when it rots.

[0128] In this embodiment, the short section 3 is provided with a plug hole 31, and the plug hole 31 is used to realize the assembly connection between the vertically arranged infiltration column 4 and the horizontally arranged short section 3. The infiltration column 4 in this embodiment can adopt the drainage unit 1 in Example 1. When the drainage unit 1 in Example 1 is used vertically, it serves as the infiltration column 4. The infiltration column 4 can dissolve and clean the salt in the soil near the root system to the greatest extent. Finally, the leached salt water is accelerated to move downward through the infiltration column 4 and is taken away by the straw drainage body. The structural form of the infiltration column 4 and the straw drainage body can be referred to in the attached Fig.14 - Fig.15 .

[0129] Embodiment 3:

[0130] like Fig.25 As shown, this embodiment proposes a method for draining salt from saline-alkali land based on straw formation, using the above-mentioned saline-alkali land draining system based on straw formation, and the specific method is as follows:

[0131] S1: Land leveling.

[0132] S2: Determine layout parameters and plans based on soil physical and chemical properties, basic data and plot specifications.

[0133] S3: Processing and manufacturing straw drainage bodies.

[0134] S4: Installation.

[0135] A drainage ditch 6 is dug at the designed location, a straw drainage body is laid, and a water collection well 5 is installed.

[0136] S5: Perform slope protection treatment on the slope of the excavated drainage ditch 6:

[0137] S51: Leveling the slope of the drainage ditch 6;

[0138] S52: laying a straw blanket 11 on the slope: spreading the straw blanket 11 along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground, and then fixing the spread straw blanket 11 on the slope surface with a fixing member;

[0139] The specific installation method of the fixings in S52 is as follows:

[0140] ① If the first fixing member is selected as the fixing member, the specific method is as follows: unfold the straw blanket 11 along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground; insert the horizontal bamboo pole a2 into the through hole a12 of the vertical bamboo pole a1 to form a cross-shaped structure; then, hit the vertical bamboo pole a1 with a hammer, so that the bottom of the vertical bamboo pole a1 pierces the straw blanket 11 and inserts into the soil of the slope, and the vertical bamboo pole a1 is hammered hard until the horizontal bamboo pole a2 is pressed on the surface of the straw blanket 11 to complete the point fixation; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple first fixing members;

[0141] ② If the second fixing member is selected as the fixing member, the specific method is as follows: unfold the straw blanket 11 along the slope surface to make it fully contact with the ground; insert the barbed rod b3 into the first inclined hole b11 to complete the assembly of the barbed rod b3 and the hollow outer rod b1; then, hammer the hollow outer rod b1 with the barbed rod b3 so that the hollow outer rod b1 pierces the straw blanket 11 and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continue hammering until the barbed rod b3 also enters the soil of the slope; then, insert the holding rod b4 into the second inclined hole b12, and continue Continue to hammer the hollow outer rod b1, so that the hollow outer rod drives the holding rod b4 to move downward until the bottom end of the holding rod b4 holds and fixes the straw blanket 11; finally, insert the inner rod b2 into the hollow outer rod b1, and knock the inner rod b2 downward. The outer wall of the inner rod b2 will squeeze the barbed rod b3, so that the barbed rod b3 slides along the first inclined hole b11 in the direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod b1, and the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to improve the anchoring force; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixings.

[0142] S53: watering and curing the straw blanket 11.

[0143] S6: Select suitable crops based on the physical and chemical properties of the soil and plant them on the land.

[0144] S7: Soil salt leaching:

[0145] Using rainfall or irrigation to wash the saline-alkali land 9, washing the salt from the upper soil layer to the lower soil layer;

[0146] S8: Drainage and salt removal: Soil water containing leached salts infiltrates into the straw drainage body, is collected by the straw drainage body into the water collection well 5, and is discharged to the drainage ditch 6 by the pump 7 in the water collection well 5, thereby reducing the soil salt content.

[0147] It should be noted that there are two specific methods for processing and manufacturing the straw drainage body in S3, as follows:

[0148] The first method of making a straw drainage body without an overhead layer is:

[0149] S31: Prepare bamboo tubes, straws and a water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 that meet the requirements.

[0150] S32: Bundle the straws into bundles to form straw bundles, and use a cutting device to cut the straw bundles into required lengths to obtain an inner core layer 101 .

[0151] S33: cutting the bamboo tube into two parts to obtain bamboo pieces that meet the requirements; then using a drilling tool to drill holes around the bamboo pieces to form penetration holes to obtain a skeleton layer 102.

[0152] S34: The skeleton layer 102 formed by two bamboo pieces is sleeved on the inner core layer 101; a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces.

[0153] S35: Wrap the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 on the skeleton layer 102, and wrap the skeleton layer 102 and the inner core layer 101 together; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 surrounds the slot to form a guide channel 104; thus, a set of drainage units 1 is formed.

[0154] S36: Pull ropes are respectively passed through the guide channel 104 of each group of drainage units 1, and both ends of the pull ropes extend to the outside of the drainage unit 1 with sufficient margin.

[0155] S37: Splice multiple drainage units 1 end to end to form a straw drainage body; when splicing, tie the pull ropes corresponding to each drainage unit 1 to form a whole; in this way, a complete traction rope is formed in the guide channel 104; it should be noted that, if Fig.10 As shown, if an inner core layer 101 with a central tube 106 is used, a joint 107 is used to connect the central tube 106 during assembly. The joint 107 is made of a hard material, and both ends of the joint 107 can be inserted into adjacent central tubes 106 to achieve a plug-in connection.

[0156] S38: Tie the hose 105 at one end of the traction rope, and then drag the other end of the traction rope. As the traction rope moves, the hose 105 is driven to move from one end of the guide channel 104 to the other end, thereby realizing the threading and connection of the hose 105. After the threading is completed, release the connection between the traction rope and the hose 105 to form a straw drainage body with the hose 105.

[0157] The second method of making a straw drainage body with an overhead layer is:

[0158] S31: Prepare bamboo tubes, straws and a water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 that meet the requirements.

[0159] S32: Bundle the straws into bundles to form straw bundles, and use a cutting device to cut the straw bundles into required lengths to obtain an inner core layer 101 .

[0160] S33: cutting the bamboo tube into two parts to obtain bamboo pieces that meet the requirements; then using a drilling tool to drill holes around the bamboo pieces to form penetration holes to obtain a skeleton layer 102.

[0161] S34: The skeleton layer 102 formed by two bamboo pieces is sleeved on the inner core layer 101; a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces.

[0162] S35: Install a second straw rope 109 on the surface of the bamboo sheet located above to construct a cavity cell 108 to form an overhead layer;

[0163] The specific method of installing the second straw rope 109 in S35 is as follows:

[0164] First, a number of fixed sticks are processed and made in advance, wherein the fixed sticks are selected from bamboo sticks, cotton stalk sticks or willow sticks;

[0165] Second, the second straw rope 109 is arranged on the surface of the bamboo piece in an "S" shape;

[0166] Third, the bottom end of the fixing stick is penetrated through the second straw rope 109, and the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the corresponding penetration hole of the bamboo piece until the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the inner core layer 101; a plurality of fixing sticks are arranged along the direction of the second straw rope 109 to complete the preliminary shaping and fixing of the second straw rope 109.

[0167] S36: Wrap the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 on the skeleton layer 102, and wrap the overhead layer, the skeleton layer 102, and the inner core layer 101 together; the water-permeable filter cloth layer 103 surrounds the slot to form a guide channel 104; thus, a set of drainage units 1 is formed.

[0168] S37: Pull ropes are respectively passed through the guide channel 104 of each group of drainage units 1, and both ends of the pull ropes extend to the outside of the drainage unit 1 with sufficient margin.

[0169] S38: Splice multiple drainage units 1 end to end to form a straw drainage body; when splicing, tie the pull ropes corresponding to each drainage unit 1 to connect them together; in this way, a complete traction rope is formed in the guide channel 104.

[0170] S39: Tie the hose 105 at one end of the traction rope, and then drag the other end of the traction rope. As the traction rope moves, the hose 105 is driven to move from one end of the guide channel 104 to the other end, thereby realizing the threading and connection of the hose 105. After the threading is completed, release the connection between the traction rope and the hose 105 to form a straw drainage body with the hose 105.

[0171] Embodiment 4:

[0172] This embodiment proposes another method for removing salt from saline-alkali land based on straw, which, based on the method in embodiment 3, further includes:

[0173] S9: Anti-blocking maintenance of straw drainage and improvement of air permeability of saline-alkali land 9, as follows:

[0174] ① The methods for preventing and maintaining straw drainage bodies are:

[0175] The flushing equipment is installed around the water collection well 5, and the flushing equipment can be selected from common devices on the market; the water outlet of the flushing equipment is connected to one end of the hose 105 through a water pipe; the flushing equipment is started, and the water flows through the hose 105 and flows in the reverse direction along the straw drainage body, and is ejected through the second micropore of the hose 105 during the flow, forming a jet in the guide channel 104, which plays a pressurizing role, and can achieve the cleaning of the straw drainage body and prevent blocking and cleaning; in the present embodiment, as another feasible method, the flushing equipment can also be connected to the central tube 106, and the central tube 106 is used as a cleaning tube at this time, and water flows through the first micropore on the central tube 106 to eject, so as to achieve backwashing of the straw bundle and reduce blockage; the central tube 106 is used in conjunction with the hose 105 to form an anti-blocking method of "center cleaning + side cleaning", which can effectively achieve anti-blocking maintenance of the straw drainage body.

[0176] ② The method of improving the air permeability of saline-alkali land 9 is:

[0177] The gas supply equipment is installed around the water collection well 5, and the gas outlet of the gas supply equipment is connected to one end of the hose 105 through the air pipe; the gas supply equipment is started, and the gas flows in reverse along the straw drainage body through the hose 105, and is ejected through the second micropores of the hose 105 during the flow, forming a gas jet in the guide channel 104, thereby achieving oxygenation treatment of the saline-alkali land 9 soil, and improving the soil temperature and air permeability. In this embodiment, the central tube 106 can also be connected to the gas supply equipment, and the gas supply equipment is started, and the gas flows in reverse along the straw drainage body through the central tube 106, and is ejected through the first micropores of the central tube 106 during the flow, forming a gas jet, thereby achieving oxygenation treatment of the saline-alkali land 9 soil, and at the same time, the ground temperature and air permeability can be increased, which can solve the technical problems of cold soil, low ground temperature, slow soil warming, and poor soil ventilation and air permeability in saline areas.

[0178] Embodiment 5:

[0179] like Fig.15 As shown, this embodiment proposes a third method for removing salt from saline-alkali land based on straw, which includes the following steps:

[0180] S1: Land leveling;

[0181] S2: Determine the layout parameters and plans based on soil physical and chemical properties, basic data and plot specifications;

[0182] S3: Processing and manufacturing a straw drainage body and a permeability enhancement column 4; in this embodiment, the permeability enhancement column 4 adopts the structure of the permeability enhancement column 4 in Embodiment 1;

[0183] S4: Installation:

[0184] A drainage ditch 6 is dug at the designed position, a straw drainage body is laid, and a water collection well 5 is installed; the straw drainage body is connected to the water collection well 5 to discharge the diverted saline-alkali water into the water collection well 5; a pump 7 is arranged in the water collection well 5, and the drainage outlet of the pump 7 is connected to the drainage ditch 6 to lift and discharge the salt water in the water collection well 5;

[0185] When installing the straw drainage body and the infiltration column 4, the following steps are adopted:

[0186] First, dig the trench, then assemble the drainage units 1, and use short sections 3 to connect the nodes at appropriate locations; the connection nodes at other locations can be wrapped with geotextile 2, please refer to the attached Fig.14 The plug hole 31 of the short section 3 is connected with the permeability enhancing column 4. When installing the permeability enhancing column 4, the geotextile 2 can be wrapped around the outer wall of the lower end of the permeability enhancing column 4 to form a connector of a certain thickness, which is then inserted into the plug hole 31 to achieve an effective fixed connection; the top of the permeability enhancing column 4 is wrapped and capped with non-woven fabric.

[0187] S5: Perform slope protection treatment on the slope of the excavated drainage ditch 6:

[0188] S6: Select appropriate crops and plant them on the plots based on the physical and chemical properties of the soil;

[0189] S7: Soil salt leaching:

[0190] Using rainfall or irrigation to wash the saline-alkali land 9, washing the salt from the upper soil layer to the lower soil layer;

[0191] S8: Drainage and salt removal: Soil water containing leached salts infiltrates into the straw drainage body, is collected by the straw drainage body into the water collection well 5, and is discharged to the drainage ditch 6 by the pump 7 in the water collection well 5, thereby reducing the salt content of the soil. The water outlet of the pump 7 is connected to a drainage pipe 8, and the outlet of the drainage pipe 8 is located at the drainage ditch 6.

[0192] In addition, it should be noted that, if the original saline-alkali land 9 has low fertility, a layer of improved soil or foreign soil can be covered on the surface of the original saline-alkali land 9 to form a cultivation layer 10. Straw debris can be mixed into the improved soil, and the straw can be returned to the field to improve soil quality and promote the growth of crops.

[0193] In this method, when draining salt, the infiltration column 4 can dissolve and clean the salt in the soil near the root system to the greatest extent, and the washed salt water is finally accelerated to move downward through the infiltration column 4 and taken away through the straw drainage body. In addition, when the salt is not drained, the guide channel 104 set in the infiltration column 4 can transport fresh oxygen to the crop root system, providing sufficient oxygen for the crop root system.

[0194] The present invention is applied to the improvement and efficient green drainage projects of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River diversion irrigation areas such as the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yellow River Delta. It can be used to guide the design, construction and management of the irrigation and drainage system of saline-alkali land. It can solve the problems of low drainage capacity of saline-alkali land, poor precipitation and alkali-removal effect, and high investment. It is of great significance to improve the precipitation and alkali-removal level of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River diversion irrigation areas and achieve the construction goal of ecological irrigation areas.

[0195] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the invention in conjunction with the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A salt drainage system for saline-alkali land based on straw, comprising a straw drainage body buried in saline-alkali land (9), a water collection well (5) buried in the saline-alkali land (9), and a drainage ditch (6) excavated on the surface of the saline-alkali land (9); the straw drainage body is connected to the water collection well (5), and a water pump mechanism is provided in the water collection well (5) for discharging saline-alkali water collected in the water collection well (5) into the drainage ditch (6); the characteristics are: The straw drainage body comprises a plurality of assembled and connected drainage units (1), wherein the drainage unit (1) comprises: An inner core layer (101), the inner core layer (101) being located in the middle of the drainage unit (1); the inner core layer (101) being a straw bundle, the straw bundle being formed by bundling a plurality of straws; A skeleton layer (102), the skeleton layer (102) being sleeved on the inner core layer (101) to form a skeleton support; the skeleton layer (102) comprising two pairs of bamboo pieces, the bamboo pieces being provided with a plurality of penetration holes around the bamboo pieces; the bamboo pieces being formed by splitting a bamboo tube having a circular cross section into two; the inner diameter of the bamboo tube being smaller than the outer diameter of the straw bundle; when the two bamboo pieces are buckled onto the inner core layer (101), a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces; An overhead layer is arranged on the outer surface of the bamboo sheet located above; the overhead layer comprises a second straw rope (109), the second straw rope (109) is applied to the surface of the bamboo sheet in an "S" shape; the second straw rope (109) forms a plurality of hollow cells (108) on the surface of the bamboo sheet; a water-permeable filter cloth layer (103), the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) being wound and arranged on the outermost layer; the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) pressing and fixing the second straw rope (109); the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) wraps the overhead layer, the skeleton layer (102), and the inner core layer (101) together; the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) surrounds the slot to form a guide channel (104); the cavity cell (108) is connected to the guide channel (104); A straw blanket (11) is laid on the slope of the drainage ditch (6), and the straw blanket (11) is fixed on the slope by a fixing member; A hose (105) is provided in the guide channel (104), and a plurality of second micro-holes are arranged on the hose (105). One end of the hose (105) can be connected to a flushing device or an air supply device; When the flushing device is started, water flows through the hose (105) in the reverse direction along the straw drainage body and is ejected through the second micropores to form a jet in the guide channel (104), thereby cleaning the straw drainage body and preventing blockage and cleaning. When the gas supply device is started, the gas flows in reverse along the straw drainage body through the hose (105) and is ejected through the second micropores to form a gas jet in the guide channel (104), thereby achieving oxygenation treatment of saline-alkali soil and improving soil permeability.

2. The salt removal system for saline-alkali land based on straw formation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The straw grass blanket (11) comprises a surface mesh layer (116) located at the top, a bottom mesh layer (111) located at the bottom, and a nutrient layer (113) located between the surface mesh layer (116) and the bottom mesh layer (111); the surface mesh layer (116) and the bottom mesh layer (111) are laid flat and sewn together; a padding paper (112) is provided between the nutrient layer (113) and the bottom mesh; a straw layer (115) is provided between the nutrient layer (113) and the surface mesh layer (116); and a grass seed layer (114) is provided between the straw layer (115) and the nutrient layer (113).

3. The salt removal system for saline-alkali land based on straw formation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fixing member is a first fixing member, which includes a vertical bamboo pole (a1) and a horizontal bamboo pole (a2). The bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) has an oblique spike portion (a11), and the pole body of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) is provided with a through hole (a12); the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) is provided with a notch (a21), and the width of the notch (a21) is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole (a1); the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) can freely pass through the through hole (a12), and when in use, the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) and the vertical bamboo pole (a1) form a cross-shaped structure; the notch (a21) is engaged with the through hole (a12).

4. The salt removal system for saline-alkali land based on straw formation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fixing member is a second fixing member, which comprises a hollow outer rod (b1), the interior of the hollow outer rod (b1) is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole (b11) and at least one second oblique hole (b12) are formed on the circumference of the hollow outer rod (b1), and the second oblique hole (b12) is located above the first oblique hole (b11); a barbed rod (b3) used as a barb is inserted into the first oblique hole (b11), and the barbed rod (b3) has a first bamboo node (b31) for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod (b3) is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod (b1), and the other end is inserted into the hollow outer rod (b1), and the other end is inserted into the hollow outer rod (b1). One end is arranged outside the hollow outer rod (b1); both ends of the barbed rod (b3) are inclined, forming a first inclined end and a second inclined end respectively; a pressing rod (b4) is inserted in the second inclined hole (b12) for pressing and fixing the straw blanket (11), and the pressing rod (b4) has a second bamboo joint for blocking and limiting; it also includes an inner rod (b2), the bottom end of the inner rod (b2) is also inclined, and when the inner rod (b2) is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod (b1), the barbed rod (b3) is squeezed by the inner rod (b2) and extends outward to form a barbed structure.

5. The salt removal system for saline-alkali land based on straw formation according to claim 4 is characterized by: The hollow outer rod (b1) is a bamboo rod; the inner rod (b2) is a willow wood rod.

6. A salt removal method for a saline-alkali land salt removal system based on straw, characterized in that: The salt removal system for saline-alkali land based on straw formation according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and the specific method is as follows: S1: Land leveling; S2: Determine the layout parameters and plans based on soil physical and chemical properties, basic data and plot specifications; S3: Processing and manufacturing straw drainage bodies; S4: Installation: Digging drainage ditches (6), laying straw drainage bodies and installing water collection wells (5) at the designed locations; S5: Perform slope protection treatment on the slope of the excavated drainage ditch (6): S51: Leveling the slope of the drainage ditch (6); S52: laying a straw blanket (11) on the slope: spreading the straw blanket (11) along the slope surface so that it is in full contact with the ground, and then fixing the spread straw blanket (11) on the slope surface with a fixing member; S53: watering and curing the straw blanket (11); S6: Select appropriate crops and plant them on the plots based on the physical and chemical properties of the soil; S7: Soil salt leaching: Using rainfall or irrigation to wash saline-alkali land (9) and wash the salt from the upper soil layer to the lower soil layer; S8: Drainage and salt removal: Soil water containing leached salts infiltrates into the straw drainage body, is collected by the straw drainage body into the water collection well (5), and is discharged to the drainage ditch (6) by the pump (7) in the water collection well (5), thereby reducing the salt content of the soil.

7. The salt removal method of the saline-alkali land salt removal system based on straw formation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific method for processing and manufacturing the straw drainage body in S3 is as follows: S31: preparing bamboo tubes, straws and a water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) that meet the requirements; S32: bundling the straw into bundles to form straw bundles, and cutting the straw bundles into required lengths using a cutting device to obtain an inner core layer (101); S33: cutting the bamboo tube into two parts to obtain bamboo pieces that meet the requirements; then using a drilling tool to drill holes around the bamboo pieces to form penetration holes to obtain a skeleton layer (102); S34: a skeleton layer (102) composed of two bamboo pieces is sleeved on the inner core layer (101); a groove is formed between the two bamboo pieces along the length direction of the bamboo pieces; S35: installing a second straw rope (109) on the surface of the bamboo sheet located above to construct a cavity cell (108) to form an overhead layer; S36: Wrapping the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) on the skeleton layer (102), and wrapping the overhead layer, the skeleton layer (102), and the inner core layer (101) together; the water-permeable filter cloth layer (103) surrounds the slot to form a guide channel (104); thus, a set of drainage units (1) is formed; S37: A pull rope is respectively inserted into the guide channel (104) of each set of drainage units (1), with both ends of the pull rope extending outside the drainage unit (1) with sufficient margin; S38: splicing the multiple drainage units (1) end to end to form a straw drainage body; when splicing, tying the pull ropes corresponding to the drainage units (1) to form a whole; thus, a complete pulling rope is formed in the guide channel (104); S39: a hose (105) is tied to one end of a traction rope, and then the other end of the traction rope is dragged, and as the traction rope moves, the hose (105) is driven to move from one end of the guide channel (104) to the other end, thereby achieving the threading and connection of the hose (105); after the threading is completed, the connection between the traction rope and the hose (105) is released, and a straw drainage body with a hose (105) is formed.

8. The salt removal method of the saline-alkali land salt removal system based on straw formation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method of installing the second straw rope (109) in S35 is: First, a number of fixed sticks are processed and made in advance, wherein the fixed sticks are selected from bamboo sticks, cotton stalk sticks or willow sticks; Second, the second straw rope (109) is arranged in an "S" shape on the surface of the bamboo piece; Third, the bottom end of the fixing stick is penetrated through the second straw rope (109), and the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the corresponding penetration hole of the bamboo piece until the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the inner core layer (101); a plurality of fixing sticks are arranged along the direction of the second straw rope (109), and the preliminary shaping and fixing of the second straw rope (109) is completed.

Images