A light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a light-transmitting percutaneous fiber optic puncture device, comprising a rod-shaped puncture component for puncture and a light-emitting fiber optic arranged in the puncture component; the end and side wall of the light-emitting fiber optic are both light-transmitting; reflective lenses are arranged at both ends of the light-emitting fiber optic to form an optical resonance cavity, so that the light forms light diffusion in the light-emitting fiber optic; the side wall of the light-emitting fiber optic is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting windows, and the light-transmitting windows are provided with light-emitting end caps; and light-transmitting holes are opened on the puncture component at positions corresponding to the positions of the light-emitting end caps. The present invention forms an optical resonance cavity through a light-emitting fiber optic whose end and side wall are both light-transmitting and a reflective lens at its end, so that the light entering the light-emitting fiber forms light diffusion and the entire light-emitting fiber optic is evenly distributed. The light emitted by the light-emitting fiber optic can penetrate the side wall of the puncture component and act on the tumor, thereby increasing the area of ​​the photodynamic chemical reaction and improving the treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of percutaneous puncture, and in particular relates to a light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional optical methods such as photodynamic therapy for tumors mostly use optical fibers to enter the patient's body through free cavities (such as the nasal cavity, oral cavity, etc.) for treatment, which has great limitations.

[0003] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new method of treating diseases by using a light source of a specific wavelength to excite photosensitizers. With the help of optical fiber, endoscope and other interventional techniques, laser can be guided to deep parts of the body for treatment, avoiding the trauma and pain caused by thoracotomy and laparotomy. Laser and photosensitizer in tumor tissue undergo photodynamic chemical reactions with the participation of oxygen in biological tissues, producing substances such as singlet oxygen and free radicals, thereby destroying and causing apoptosis of tumor cells. Currently, it is mainly used for the treatment of epidermal or intracavitary tumors, and is also used for the treatment of certain precancerous lesions and benign lesions. Compared with traditional therapies, photodynamic therapy has the advantages of less trauma, good targeting, no drug resistance and no toxic side effects. However, since the main wavelength of photodynamic therapy is concentrated in the red light band of more than 600 nanometers, this band has large absorption loss in the human body and can generally only transmit a few millimeters to tens of millimeters. For some deep tumors, it cannot play an effective photodynamic therapeutic role. In addition, due to the lack of suitable interventional instruments, photodynamic therapy is powerless against solid tumors without natural cavities.

[0004] Prior art Chinese patent application CN1623516A discloses a puncture needle for photodynamic therapy, which is composed of a transparent needle body and a steel needle core, and the needle tip of the puncture needle is closed. The puncture needle body is made of transparent hard plastic (which can be monitored under B-ultrasound and CT), but its caliber is smaller than that of the existing puncture needle, so the damage to normal tissue can be reduced to a minimum. The puncture needle tip is closed so that the needle cavity of the puncture needle is closed, so that the needle core of the puncture needle cannot directly contact the tumor tissue, and even if the needle core is pulled out, it will not cause the implantation and metastasis of tumor cells; during treatment, an optical fiber is inserted, and the optical fiber columnar luminous body emits laser to irradiate the tumor in the transparent and closed puncture needle cavity to achieve the purpose of treatment, thereby avoiding the direct contact of the optical fiber columnar luminous body with the tumor tissue to cause damage to the optical fiber and even breakage.

[0005] In the above-mentioned prior art, although the puncture needle is made of transparent material, since only the end of the optical fiber itself can emit light, its light transmission efficiency is limited.

[0006] Another example is the prior art Chinese patent application CN109331345B, a photodynamic therapy diagnostic device capable of optical fiber puncture, which greatly improves the effective irradiation rate of light by forming a tapered head with a smaller and smaller diameter through the use of a taper process on the optical fiber puncture needle, which is conducive to the effective coordination of light and photosensitizer, reduces the waste of light or photosensitizer, thereby increasing the treatment effect and reducing costs. More importantly, by controlling the specifications, refractive index, angle of the tapered head or the tapered tail end, and the refractive index of the polymer jacket, the main light output on the tapered head can be focused on a certain angle range directly in front of it, which can significantly increase the irradiation efficiency and treatment effect, making the waste rate of light and photosensitizer less and more efficient. By forming a tapered head with a smaller and smaller diameter through the use of a taper process on the optical fiber head, and by controlling the cone angle of the tapered head, the effective irradiation rate of light is greatly improved, which is conducive to the effective coordination of light and photosensitizer, reduces the waste of light or photosensitizer, thereby increasing the treatment effect and reducing costs. The straight head can assist in irradiating the extended part. The spiral metal jacket wrapped around it not only plays an important role in the flexibility and strength of the puncture needle tube, but more importantly, its length, spiral slit, and the width of the spiral sheet or metal sheet all have extremely important auxiliary therapeutic effects on photodynamic tumor therapy. That is, while the cone head emits light, a small amount of light can also be emitted from the slit of the metal jacket at the same time, thereby assisting the cone head to achieve effective treatment of the entire tumor and other parts.

[0007] The above-mentioned prior art puncture structure has a difficult processing technology and a complex structure, resulting in a high cost. In addition, optical fiber is used for puncture, which is difficult to puncture in actual operation. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device, which partially solves or alleviates the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and can improve the light transmittance of the puncture device.

[0009] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned above, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions: a percutaneous fiber optic puncture device, comprising a rod-shaped puncture component for puncture and a light-emitting optical fiber arranged in the puncture component; the end and side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber are both light-transmissive; reflective lenses are arranged at both ends of the light-emitting optical fiber to form an optical resonant cavity, so that the light forms light diffusion in the light-emitting optical fiber; the light emitted by the light-emitting optical fiber can penetrate the side wall of the puncture component.

[0010] As an improvement, the side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting windows, and the light-transmitting windows are provided with light-emitting end caps; and the puncture component is provided with light-transmitting holes at positions corresponding to the positions of the light-emitting end caps.

[0011] As a further improvement, the light-transmitting window is a side wall section of the light-emitting optical fiber; the light-transmitting window is one or more of a circle, a square, and a regular hexagon.

[0012] As an improvement, a plurality of light transmission holes are evenly distributed on the entire side wall of the piercing component.

[0013] As an improvement, the aperture of the light-transmitting holes is 0.1-1 mm, and the spacing between the light-transmitting holes is 1-4 mm.

[0014] As an improvement, the light-emitting end cap is embedded in the light-transmitting hole, and the height of the light-emitting end cap is flush with the outer side wall of the puncture component.

[0015] As an improvement, the piercing component is integrally formed from stainless steel.

[0016] As an improvement, the puncture component includes a split rod portion and a puncture needle; the rod portion is made of a light-transmitting material, and the puncture needle is made of stainless steel.

[0017] As a further improvement, the puncture needle is made of stainless steel.

[0018] As another further improvement, the rod is made of a material selected from the group consisting of YAG transparent ceramics, alumina, and polycarbonate.

[0019] As an improvement, the puncture needle and the rod are both provided with positioning steps for matching connection, so that the puncture needle and the rod are positioned by the positioning steps and then bonded into one.

[0020] As an improvement, the puncture needle and the rod are connected by threaded fitting.

[0021] As an improvement, a screw hole is formed on the end surface of the rod portion, and a screw rod cooperating with the screw hole is fixedly provided at the tail end of the puncture needle head.

[0022] As an improvement, one end of the puncture component is a puncture end, and the other end is a connection end; the connection end is connected to a conducting optical fiber and an optical fiber connector in sequence.

[0023] As an improvement, light-guiding glue is filled between the inner wall of the puncture component and the light-emitting optical fiber.

[0024] As an improvement, the light-emitting optical fiber is made of quartz optical fiber after removing the side wall coating layer and then polishing it.

[0025] As an improvement, the length of the rod is 5-50 mm.

[0026] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0027] The present invention forms an optical resonant cavity through a light-emitting optical fiber whose end and side wall are both light-transmissive and a reflective lens at its end, so that the light entering the light-emitting optical fiber forms light diffusion so that the entire light-emitting optical fiber evenly emits light. The light emitted by the light-emitting optical fiber can penetrate the side wall of the puncture component and act on the tumor (especially when puncturing the tumor, the light on the side wall will also act on the tumor, and in order to adapt to tumors of different sizes, the number and distribution position of light-transmitting holes can also be set). Compared with the existing technology that uses only the light emitted through the tip end of the optical fiber, the area of ​​the photodynamic chemical reaction is greatly increased, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

[0028] Since the existing optical fiber can only emit light at the end, the puncture device can also only emit light at the end, and its effective area is relatively small. However, the luminous optical fiber of the present invention can emit light as a whole and penetrate the side wall of the puncture part, so that the side wall of the puncture part emits light over a large area, and the light transmittance is greatly increased.

[0029] In addition, the present invention has a simple structure, low cost and is easy to popularize.

[0030] The present invention provides two ways for the light emitted by the luminescent optical fiber to penetrate the side wall of the puncture component. One is that the side wall of the luminescent optical fiber is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting windows, and the light-transmitting windows are provided with light-emitting end caps; and the puncture component is provided with light-transmitting holes at positions corresponding to the positions of the light-emitting end caps. The second is that the puncture component includes a split rod and a puncture needle; and the rod is made of a rigid light-transmitting material. Both methods can allow the light emitted by the luminescent optical fiber to penetrate the side wall of the puncture component, thereby allowing the puncture component to emit light over a large area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the optical fiber puncture device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 1b Schematic diagram of the structure of another example of the optical fiber puncture device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3a for Figure 1a An exploded view of the optical fiber puncture device shown;

[0036] Figure 3b for Figure 1b An exploded view of the optical fiber puncture device shown;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the puncture needle and the rod in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5b for Figure 5a a cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of another connection structure between the puncture needle and the rod in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Summary of reference numerals: 1 puncture component, 2 conducting optical fiber, 3 optical fiber connector, 4 luminous optical fiber, 5 luminous end cap, 6 reflecting lens, 7 light-transmitting window, 8 light-transmitting hole; 11 rod, 12 puncture needle, 14 positioning step, 15 screw hole, 16 screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Herein, suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention, and have no specific meanings by themselves. Therefore, "module", "component" or "unit" can be used mixedly.

[0044] In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In this document, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Herein "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] Herein, "plurality" means two or more than two, ie, it includes two, three, four, five, etc.

[0048] Definition of noun:

[0049] An optical resonant cavity is a cavity in which light waves reflect back and forth, providing optical energy feedback.

[0050] Optical diffuse: light waves diffuse from the transmission interface to form a columnar luminous optical fiber.

[0051] Embodiment 1: Figure 1a~Figure 3b As shown, the present invention provides a percutaneous fiber optic puncture device, specifically a light-transmitting percutaneous fiber optic puncture device, comprising a rod-shaped puncture component 1 for puncture and a light-emitting fiber 4 arranged in the puncture component 1; the end and side wall of the light-emitting fiber 4 can both be light-transmitting; reflective lenses 6 are arranged at both ends of the light-emitting fiber 4 to form an optical resonant cavity, so that the light forms light diffusion in the light-emitting fiber 4; the light emitted by the light-emitting fiber 4 can penetrate the side wall of the puncture component 1.

[0052] The principle of the present invention is to form an optical resonant cavity through the light-emitting optical fiber 4 whose end and side wall are both transparent and the reflective lens 6 at its end, so that the light entering the light-emitting optical fiber 4 forms light diffusion and the entire light-emitting optical fiber 4 emits light. The light emitted by the light-emitting optical fiber 4 can penetrate the side wall of the puncture component 1 and act on the tumor, thereby increasing the area of ​​the photodynamic chemical reaction and improving the treatment efficiency.

[0053] Since the existing optical fiber can only emit light at the end, the puncture device can also only emit light at the end, and its effective area is relatively small. However, the luminous optical fiber 4 of the present invention can emit light as a whole and penetrate the side wall of the puncture component 1, so that the side wall of the puncture part emits light over a large area, and the light transmittance is greatly increased.

[0054] In order to achieve the purpose of light transmission through the side wall of the puncture component 1, in this embodiment, the side wall of the luminous optical fiber 4 is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting windows 7, and the light-transmitting windows 7 are provided with light-emitting end caps 5; and light-transmitting holes 8 are opened on the puncture component 1 at positions corresponding to the positions of the light-emitting end caps 5.

[0055] In this embodiment, the light-emitting optical fiber 4 is made of quartz optical fiber after removing the side wall coating layer and polishing, and its diameter is 0.15~0.25mm. The side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber 4 itself can transmit light, but the light is not directional after passing through. After cutting part of the side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber 4, the side wall cut is used as a light-transmitting window 7, and then the light-emitting end cap 5 is used to guide the light through the light-transmitting hole 8 to diffuse the light, so as to avoid the light being concentrated at one point and affecting the treatment effect.

[0056] In this embodiment, the light-emitting end cap 5 is a beam expansion end cap, so that the light in the light-emitting optical fiber 4 is diffused. The light-emitting end cap 5 reduces the light power density of the light-transmitting window 7 by beam expansion. Specifically, it expands the output light beam so that the light beam is dispersed more widely when leaving the light-emitting end cap 5, and the effective area is larger. The light-emitting end cap 5 is a prior art, and its specific structure is not repeated here.

[0057] The light-transmitting window 7 is one or more of a circle, a square, and a regular hexagon, so that it can better transmit light and install the light-emitting end cap 5. Of course, the present invention does not limit the specific shape of the light-transmitting window 7, as long as it can meet the light transmission requirements and facilitate the installation of the light-emitting end cap 5.

[0058] It is also understandable that, in order to make the light transmission uniform, a plurality of light transmission holes 8 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the puncture component 1. The coverage area of ​​the light transmission holes 8 can be adaptively adjusted according to specific needs, that is, the light transmission holes 9 can be distributed throughout the side wall of the puncture component 1, or only cover a part. The length of the entire puncture component 1 can also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, the length of the rod (excluding the tip for puncture) is 5 to 50 mm.

[0059] In order to improve the light transmission efficiency, the light-emitting end cap 5 is embedded in the light-transmitting hole 8 to avoid being blocked by the side wall of the puncture component 1. And in order to prevent the puncture from being affected, the height of the light-emitting end cap 5 is flush with the outer wall of the puncture component 1. If the light-emitting end cap 5 is higher than the outer wall, the puncture resistance will be increased, and if it is lower than the outer wall, a pit will be formed, and the residual human tissue after puncture is difficult to clean.

[0060] In some embodiments, the spacing between the light-transmitting holes 8 is 1-4 mm. Too large a spacing will affect the light transmittance of the entire puncture component 1, while too small a spacing will affect the strength of the puncture component 1. The aperture of the light-transmitting holes 8 themselves is also 0.1-1 mm.

[0061] In this embodiment, since the side wall is provided with a light-transmitting hole for light transmission, the piercing component 1 itself can be integrally formed of stainless steel, which has high strength and is not prone to corrosion.

[0062] One end of the puncture component 1 is a puncture end, and the other end is a connection end; the connection end is connected to the transmission optical fiber 2 and the optical fiber connector 3 in sequence. It can be understood that the puncture end should be relatively sharp to facilitate puncturing of human tissue. The transmission optical fiber 2 and the optical fiber connector 3 are used to connect the light source so that the light can enter the light-emitting optical fiber 4. The so-called transmission optical fiber 2 is a traditional optical fiber with a diameter of about 0.6 mm. Light can propagate inside it, and only the end can emit light.

[0063] In addition, in order to position and protect the light-emitting optical fiber 4 , a light-guiding glue is filled between the inner wall of the puncture component 1 and the light-emitting optical fiber 4 .

[0064] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides an integrally luminous percutaneous fiber optic puncture device.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, different from the first embodiment, in order to achieve the purpose of overall light transmission of the side wall of the puncture component 1, the puncture component 1 includes a split rod portion 11 and a puncture needle 12; the rod portion 11 is made of a rigid light-transmitting material, such as alumina, polycarbonate and the like, so that the light emitted by the light-emitting optical fiber 4 directly passes through the rod portion 11 and acts on the lesion.

[0066] Of course, it is understandable that the puncture needle 12 can be made of stainless steel because there is no need for light transmission, thereby increasing the strength and facilitating puncture.

[0067] In addition, if Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, both the puncture needle 12 and the rod 11 are provided with positioning steps 14 for matching connection, so that the puncture needle 12 and the rod 11 are positioned by the positioning steps 14 and then bonded into one body.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the puncture needle 12 and the rod 11 can also be connected by threaded connection. Specifically, a screw hole 15 is opened on the end surface of the rod 11, and a screw rod 16 that matches the screw hole 15 is fixedly provided at the tail end of the puncture needle 12. In fact, the present invention does not limit the connection method of the two components, as long as the purpose of stable connection is achieved.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device, characterized in that: It comprises a rod-shaped puncture component for puncture and a light-emitting optical fiber arranged in the puncture component; the end and side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber are both light-transmissive; reflective lenses are arranged at both ends of the light-emitting optical fiber to form an optical resonant cavity, so that light forms light diffusion in the light-emitting optical fiber; a plurality of light-transmitting windows are arranged on the side wall of the light-emitting optical fiber, and a light-emitting end cap is arranged on the light-transmitting window; a light-transmitting hole is opened on the puncture component at a position corresponding to the position of the light-emitting end cap; The light-emitting end cap is a beam-expanding end cap, which diffuses the light in the light-emitting optical fiber. The light-emitting end cap is embedded in the light-transmitting hole, and the height of the light-emitting end cap is flush with the outer side wall of the puncture component.

2. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-transmitting window is a side wall section of the light-emitting optical fiber; the light-transmitting window is one or more of a circle, a square, and a regular hexagon.

3. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of light transmission holes are evenly distributed on the entire side wall of the piercing component.

4. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the light-transmitting holes is 0.1-1 mm, and the spacing between the light-transmitting holes is 1-4 mm.

5. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piercing component is integrally formed of stainless steel.

6. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the puncture component is a puncture end, and the other end is a connection end; the connection end is sequentially connected to a conducting optical fiber and an optical fiber connector.

7. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Light-guiding glue is filled between the inner wall of the puncture component and the light-emitting optical fiber.

8. The light-transmitting percutaneous optical fiber puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-emitting optical fiber is made by removing the side wall coating layer of quartz optical fiber and then polishing it.

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