A CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts in the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, comprising: a machine body, one end of which is provided with a workbench extending outward, the outer end of the workbench is provided with a U-shaped opening, and the outer sides of the two side walls of the U-shaped opening are provided with extension plates extending downward; a fixed frame, which is arranged on the outer side of the workbench, and the top of the fixed frame is connected to a support frame and a driving device that drives the support frame to swing within a range of ±90 degrees through a pin shaft; an extension rod extending outward is provided in the middle of one end of the support frame away from the pin shaft; the present invention can drive the pin shaft to swing through the driving device, and the pin shaft drives the support frame to swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees, and then to -90 degrees, and at the same time, the support frame drives the mobile platform to swing to produce an angle change, and at this time, the mobile platform, the fixture on the mobile platform and the processing debris on the workpiece fall under the action of gravity. The function of cleaning processing debris can be completed without manual participation and without the help of strong blowing equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, in particular to a numerically controlled machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts. Background Art

[0002] Existing mechanical processing equipment generally includes a machine body and a workbench arranged on the machine body. Before processing a workpiece, a corresponding fixture is installed on the workbench. During processing, the workpiece to be processed is manually fixed on the fixture, and then the workpiece is processed. After the processing is completed, the processed workpiece is manually disassembled, and then the processing debris on the workbench is cleaned before the next workpiece is installed. This processing method not only has low processing efficiency, but also has high labor intensity.

[0003] With the development of my country's industrial process, automated production and processing has become an inevitable trend. Therefore, various solutions have emerged for the loading and unloading problems of machine tools. At present, the automated loading and unloading solutions include six-axis robot loading and unloading, truss manipulator loading and unloading, etc., which cooperate with the automatic fixture on the workbench to complete loading or unloading. However, when using the current loading and unloading equipment, manual participation is required to clean the processing debris when replacing the workpiece, or use strong blowing equipment to clean the processing debris. However, using strong blowing equipment to clean the processing debris will cause the processing debris to fly around, and subsequent manual cleaning is required on a large scale; and loading and unloading cannot be carried out at the same time, that is, after the workpiece is processed, the workpiece needs to be removed before the next workpiece can be clamped. For some special parts (workpieces that require manual clamping and have a long clamping time), the overall processing efficiency still needs to be improved.

[0004] To this end, we designed a CNC machine tool that can automatically load and unload parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention discloses a numerically controlled machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A numerical control machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts, comprising:

[0008] The machine body has a workbench extending outward at one end, a U-shaped opening is formed at the outer end of the workbench, and extension plates extending downward are formed at the outer sides of the two side walls of the U-shaped opening;

[0009] A fixed frame is arranged outside the workbench, and the top of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a support frame and a driving device for driving the pin shaft so that the support frame swings within a range of ±90 degrees; an extension rod extending outward is arranged in the middle of one end of the support frame away from the pin shaft;

[0010] A movable platform is arranged above the outer end of the supporting frame through an elastic column; positioning holes are arranged on both side walls of the movable platform;

[0011] The positioning assembly comprises a vertical slide rail arranged below the inner end portion of the workbench, a counterweight slider slidably connected to the vertical slide rail body, and a positioning pin that vertically slides through the extension plate. Both sides of the counterweight slider are rotatably connected with connecting rods inclined up and down, and the outer end portion of the connecting rod is lower than the inner end portion; the outer end portion of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with an axial sliding rod, and the axial sliding rod is slidably connected to the machine body; the outer end portion of the positioning pin is correspondingly connected to the outer end portion of the axial sliding rod, so that the driving device drives the supporting bracket to rotate from bottom to top, so that after the moving platform contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening, the extension rod presses the counterweight slider, so that the axial sliding rod drives the positioning pin to move inward and cooperate with the positioning hole, thereby realizing the positioning operation of the moving platform.

[0012] Preferably, a positioning piece cooperating with the moving platform is provided on the lower surface of the workbench to facilitate preliminary positioning of the moving platform in a horizontal plane.

[0013] Preferably, the outer end surface of the moving platform is an inclined surface corresponding to the lower edge and located outside the upper edge, and the positioning member includes an inclined surface matching member matching with the outer end surface of the moving platform;

[0014] Both sides of the mobile platform are provided with positioning grooves arranged along the length direction thereof, and the positioning member also includes positioning ridges matched with the positioning grooves;

[0015] Wherein, the two side surfaces of the positioning ridge gradually shift inward from top to bottom.

[0016] Preferably, the support frame comprises a frame body, one end of the frame body close to the top of the fixing frame is provided with a connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft away from the frame body is rotatably connected with a connecting part, and the connecting part is fixedly connected to the pin shaft;

[0017] The extension rod is arranged at one end of the frame body away from the connecting shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting shaft body fixing sleeve is provided with a gear, and the fixing frame is provided with an arc-shaped rack capable of meshing with the gear, so that the connecting shaft can rotate within a range of ±90 degrees during the swinging range of ±90 degrees, so that the supporting frame is located at two extreme positions and the movable platform is located above the supporting frame.

[0019] Preferably, the arc angle of the meshing area of ​​the arc-shaped rack and the gear is 120 to 150 degrees, and the connecting shaft meshes with the arc-shaped rack in the range of -90 to +30 to 60 degrees.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting shaft is connected to the connecting portion in a damped rotation manner.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a slide rail pair arranged along the width direction of the workbench, and the moving part of the slide rail pair is provided with two fixed frames at intervals along its moving direction.

[0022] Preferably, the driving device includes a reducer with two output shafts and a motor drivingly connected to the reducer input shaft, the two output shafts of the reducer are coaxial and rotate in opposite directions, and the two output shafts of the reducer are drivingly connected to pin shafts in two fixing frames respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the driving device further comprises a connecting sleeve fixedly connected to the fixing frame, the reducer input shaft is coaxially rotatably plugged into the motor output shaft, the reducer input shaft is evenly spaced along its circumference and provided with a plurality of slide grooves, and a limiting wedge block is slidably fitted in the slide groove, and the end of the limiting wedge block extending out of the slide groove is an isosceles tip; an isosceles cavity matching the extended end of the limiting wedge block is provided at a position corresponding to the slide groove of the motor output shaft, and the tip of the isosceles cavity is open; a plurality of limiting grooves that can be correspondingly engaged with the tip of the limiting wedge block are evenly spaced on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve;

[0024] Wherein, a return spring is provided between the bottom of the slide groove and the limiting wedge block.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. When loading, the driving device can drive the pin shaft to rotate, and then the support frame and the moving platform move until the moving platform hits the lower edge of the U-shaped opening, and the support frame squeezes the elastic column to continue to move. At this time, the extension rod begins to press the counterweight slider, and the counterweight slider rises to drive the inner end of the connecting rod to rise, and then drives the axial sliding rod to slide inward. The axial sliding rod drives the positioning pin to slide inward and insert it into the positioning hole to position the moving platform, ensuring that the position of the moving platform is fixed during the machine body processing the workpiece without affecting the processing accuracy;

[0027] 2. When unloading, the driving device can drive the pin to swing, and the pin drives the support frame to swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees, and then to -90 degrees. At the same time, the support frame drives the mobile platform to swing to produce angle changes. At this time, the mobile platform, the fixture on the mobile platform and the processing debris on the workpiece fall under the action of gravity. The function of cleaning processing debris can be completed without manual participation and without the help of strong blowing equipment, which solves the technical problems of the existing technology that require manual participation and the use of strong blowing equipment;

[0028] 3. The specific structure of the support frame and the setting of the arc-shaped rack can make the support frame swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees and then to -90 degrees when the pin shaft drives the support frame to swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees and then to -90 degrees. Under the action of the gear and the arc-shaped rack, the connecting shaft rotates from +90 degrees to 0 degrees and then to -90 degrees, so that the support frame swings 180 degrees. The connecting shaft, the frame body and the moving platform rotate 180 degrees along the central axis of the connecting shaft, so that the support frame is located at two extreme positions, and the moving platforms are located above the support frame, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the workpiece;

[0029] 4. The setting of the slide rail pair and two fixed frames can make one of the movable tables at the processing station and the machine body process the workpiece, while the other movable table is located at the workpiece disassembly and assembly station to disassemble and assemble the workpiece, so that the disassembly and assembly of the workpiece does not affect the workpiece processing of the machine body, and the loading and unloading operations can be realized at the same time, which effectively improves the processing efficiency;

[0030] 5. The setting of the driving device can prevent the support frame from reciprocatingly swinging due to other factors during the period of non-use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a front view of the body of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the present invention from another viewing angle;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the present invention in another state;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer input shaft and the motor output shaft of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA section view;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB cross-sectional view.

[0039] In the figure: 1. machine body; 2. workbench; 21. U-shaped opening; 22. extension plate; 23. positioning piece; 231. inclined surface fitting piece; 232. positioning ridge; 3. fixing frame; 31. pin shaft; 32. arc-shaped rack; 4. supporting frame; 41. extension rod; 42. frame body; 43. connecting shaft; 44. connecting part; 45. gear; 5. driving device; 51. reducer; 511. slide groove; 52. motor; 521. isosceles cavity; 53. connecting sleeve; 531. limiting groove; 54. limiting wedge block; 55. reset spring; 6. moving table; 61. positioning hole; 62. positioning groove; 7. elastic column; 8. positioning assembly; 81. vertical slide rail; 82. counterweight slider; 83. positioning pin; 84. connecting rod; 85. axial sliding rod; 9. slide rail pair. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention can be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they only correspond to the drawings of the present application and are for the convenience of describing the present invention; it should be understood that if there are terms such as "end", "side", "end portion", "lateral", "lateral", "transverse", "longitudinal", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they only correspond to the length and width of the corresponding components, that is, the "end portion" indicates the head and tail areas in the length direction of the corresponding component, and the "side portion" indicates the head and tail areas in the width direction of the corresponding component; this is for the convenience of describing the present invention and is not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction.

[0041] Embodiment 1, in combination with the attached Figure 1-2 , a CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts, comprising a machine body 1, a fixed frame 3, a moving platform 6 and a positioning assembly 8;

[0042] A workbench 2 extending outward is provided at one end of the machine body 1 , a U-shaped opening 21 is provided at the outer end of the workbench 2 , and extension plates 22 extending downward are provided on the outer sides of both side walls of the U-shaped opening 21 .

[0043] The fixing frame 3 is arranged on the outside of the workbench 2, and the top of the fixing frame 3 is rotatably connected to the supporting frame 4 and the driving device 5 for driving the pin shaft 31 so that the supporting frame 4 swings within the range of ±90 degrees through the pin shaft 31; an extension rod 41 extending outward is provided in the middle of one end of the supporting frame 4 away from the pin shaft 31; that is, the pin shaft 31 and the supporting frame 4 will not rotate relative to each other, for example, the pin shaft 31 and the supporting frame 4 are connected by a key, or fixedly connected in other ways.

[0044] The swinging of the support frame 4 within the range of ±90 degrees can be understood as: when the support frame 4 is away from the workbench 2 and in a horizontal position, the swing angle of the support frame 4 is -90 degrees; when the support frame 4 is in a vertical position and is located below the top of the fixed frame 3, the swing angle of the support frame 4 is 0 degrees; when the support frame 4 is close to the workbench 2 and in a horizontal position, that is, when the movable platform 6 mentioned below contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21, the swing angle of the support frame 4 is +90 degrees.

[0045] The movable platform 6 is arranged above the outer end of the support frame 4 through the elastic column 7; the elastic column 7 can be a spring column or a rubber column as required; a plurality of elastic columns 7 are evenly distributed between the movable platform 6 and the support frame 4 as required. Positioning holes 61 are arranged on both side walls of the movable platform 6; that is, after the movable platform 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21, the support frame 4 can still move upwards by a certain distance; in this way, the energy absorption characteristics of the elastic column 7 can prevent the workpiece on the movable platform 6 from shifting at the moment when the movable platform 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21. In specific implementation, the upper surface of the movable platform 6 also needs to be equipped with a fixture corresponding to the workpiece.

[0046] The positioning assembly 8 comprises a vertical slide rail 81 arranged below the inner end of the workbench 2, a counterweight slider 82 slidably connected to the rail body of the vertical slide rail 81, and a positioning pin 83 that vertically slides through the extension plate 22. Both sides of the counterweight slider 82 are rotatably connected to connecting rods 84 that are inclined up and down, and the outer end of the connecting rod 84 is lower than its inner end; the outer end of the connecting rod 84 is rotatably connected to an axial sliding rod 85, and the axial sliding rod 85 is slidably connected to the machine body 1; the outer end of the positioning pin 83 is correspondingly connected to the outer end of the axial sliding rod 85, so that the driving device 5 drives the support bracket 4 to swing from bottom to top, so that after the moving platform 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21, the extension rod 41 presses the counterweight slider 82, so that the axial sliding rod 85 drives the positioning pin 83 to move inward to cooperate with the positioning hole 61, thereby realizing the positioning operation of the moving platform 6;

[0047] As required, the machine body 1 may be provided with a fixing member having a sliding hole, and the axial sliding rod 85 is slidably connected to the machine body 1 by sliding the axial sliding rod 85 through the sliding hole. It should be noted that: by providing a limiting end plate at the bottom of the vertical slide rail 81, the counterweight slider 82 can be limited to the lower limit position, the descending height of the counterweight slider 82 can be limited, and the tilting direction of the connecting rod 84 can be ensured. It is also possible to provide a limiting ring on the rod body of the axial sliding rod 85, and the limiting ring can be used to cooperate with the outer side of the fixing member to achieve the distance that the axial sliding rod 85 moves inward, thereby limiting the counterweight slider 82 to the lower limit position, limiting the descending height of the counterweight slider 82, and ensuring the tilting direction of the connecting rod 84. The descending height of the counterweight slider 82 can also be limited by other existing technologies, which will not be listed here one by one.

[0048] As required, a connecting piece may be provided at the outer end of the axial sliding rod 85 , and a relatively fixed connection between the outer end of the positioning pin 83 and the outer end of the axial sliding rod 85 is achieved through the connecting piece.

[0049] As needed, in order to increase the stability of the position of the movable table 6 when processing the workpiece, a plurality of positioning pins 83 can be provided; the specific setting is based on factors such as the size and weight of the movable table 6 and the weight of the workpiece, and is not specifically limited here.

[0050] Taking the workbench 2 located at the front of the body 1 as an example: a workbench 2 extending forward is provided at the front end of the body 1, a U-shaped opening 21 is opened at the front end of the workbench 2, and extension plates 22 extending downward are provided on the outer sides of the two side walls of the U-shaped opening 21, and a fixing frame 3 is arranged in front of the workbench 2.

[0051] When the machine body 1 completes the processing of the workpiece, the driving device 5 drives the pin 31 to swing, and the pin 31 drives the support frame 4 to swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees, and then to -90 degrees. At the same time, the support frame 4 drives the moving platform 6 to swing to produce an angle change. At this time, the moving platform 6, the fixture on the moving platform 6, and the processing debris on the workpiece fall under the action of gravity. The function of cleaning the processing debris can be completed without manual intervention and without the help of strong blowing equipment, which solves the technical problem of requiring manual intervention and the help of strong blowing equipment in the prior art.

[0052] When in use, first install the workpiece on the movable table 6, and then drive the pin shaft 31 to rotate through the driving device 5, and then the supporting frame 4 and the movable table 6 move until the movable table 6 hits the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21, and the supporting frame 4 squeezes the elastic column 7 to continue to move. At this time, the extension rod 41 begins to press the counterweight slider 82, and the counterweight slider 82 rises, driving the inner end of the connecting rod 84 to rise, and then driving the axial sliding rod 85 to slide inward, and the axial sliding rod 85 drives the positioning pin 83 to slide inward and insert it into the positioning hole 61 to position the movable table 6, ensuring that the position of the movable table 6 is fixed during the workpiece processing of the machine body 1 without affecting the processing accuracy.

[0053] Furthermore, to ensure that the positioning hole 61 on the side of the moving platform 6 corresponds to the positioning pin 83 on the same side after the moving platform 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21; a positioning member 23 cooperating with the moving platform 6 is provided on the lower surface of the workbench 2, so as to facilitate the preliminary positioning of the moving platform 6 in the horizontal plane;

[0054] As needed, the outer end surface of the movable platform 6 is a slope corresponding to the lower edge and located outside the upper edge, and the positioning member 23 includes a slope matching member 231 that matches with the outer end surface of the movable platform 6; that is, the preliminary positioning of the movable platform 6 along its length direction is achieved through the matching of the slope matching member 231 with the slope of the outer end surface of the movable platform 6.

[0055] As needed, both sides of the movable platform 6 are provided with positioning grooves 62 arranged along its length direction, and the positioning member 23 also includes a positioning ridge 232 that cooperates with the positioning groove 62; it should be noted that: the two side surfaces of the positioning ridge 232 gradually shift inward from top to bottom, for example, the interface of the positioning ridge 232 is an inverted triangle or trapezoid; that is, the preliminary positioning of the movable platform 6 along its width direction can be achieved by cooperating with the positioning groove 62.

[0056] Embodiment 2, combined with the attached Figure 1 , 3 -5, a CNC machine tool that can automatically load and unload parts. On the basis of embodiment 1, the supporting frame 4 includes a frame body 42, and a connecting shaft 43 is provided at one end of the frame body 42 close to the top of the fixed frame 3. The end of the connecting shaft 43 away from the frame body 42 is rotatably connected to a connecting part 44, and the connecting part 44 is fixedly connected to the pin shaft 31; an extension rod 41 is provided at one end of the frame body 42 away from the connecting shaft 43.

[0057] Furthermore, the shaft body of the connecting shaft 43 is fixed with a gear 45, and the fixing frame 3 is provided with an arc-shaped rack 32 that can mesh with the gear 45, so that the connecting shaft 43 can rotate within the range of ±90 degrees during the swinging process within the range of ±90 degrees, so that the supporting frame 4 is located at two extreme positions, and the moving platform 6 is located above the supporting frame 4. That is, when the pin shaft 31 rotates, it drives the connecting part 44 to swing, and then drives the connecting shaft 43 and the frame body 42 to swing, and in this process, the gear 45 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 32, prompting the connecting shaft 43 to rotate along its central axis.

[0058] The rotation of the connecting shaft 43 within the range of ±90 degrees can be understood as: when the connecting shaft 43 is away from the workbench 2 and in a horizontal position, the rotation angle of the connecting shaft 43 is -90 degrees; the connecting shaft 43 is in a vertical position, and the rotation angle of the connecting shaft 43 is 0 degrees; when the connecting shaft 43 is close to the workbench 2 and in a horizontal position, that is, when the movable platform 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21, the rotation angle of the connecting shaft 43 is +90 degrees.

[0059] For the convenience of understanding, taking the unloading process as an example, according to the above-mentioned action principle, it can be known that the pin shaft 31 drives the support frame 4 to swing from +90 degrees to 0 degrees and then to -90 degrees. At the same time, under the action of the gear 45 and the arc rack 32, the connecting shaft 43 rotates from +90 degrees to 0 degrees and then to -90 degrees, so that the support frame 4 swings 180 degrees. Then, the connecting shaft 43, the frame body 42 and the movable platform 6 rotate 180 degrees along the central axis of the connecting shaft 43, so that the support frame 4 is located at two extreme positions, and the movable platform 6 is located above the support frame 4, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the workpiece.

[0060] Further, the arc angle of the meshing area of ​​the arc-shaped rack 32 and the gear 45 is 120 to 150 degrees, and the connecting shaft 43 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 32 within the range of -90 to +30 to 60 degrees. For ease of understanding, taking the arc angle of the meshing area of ​​the arc-shaped rack 32 and the gear 45 as 135 degrees as an example, at this time, the connecting shaft 43 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 32 within the range of -90 to +45 degrees; that is, when the pin 31 drives the support bracket 4 from +90 degrees to +45 degrees, the gear 45 is not meshed with the arc-shaped rack 32, and at this time, the connecting shaft 43 does not rotate along its central axis, which can effectively prevent the workpiece from colliding with the workbench 2 due to the high height of the fixture on the moving table 6 and the high height of the workpiece.

[0061] As required, in order to prevent the connecting shaft 43 from rotating autonomously relative to the connecting portion 44 , the connecting shaft 43 is connected to the connecting portion 44 in a damped rotation manner.

[0062] Embodiment 3, in combination with the attached Figure 3-5 , a CNC machine tool that can automatically load and unload parts, based on the first or second embodiment, in order to realize the function that loading and unloading can be carried out simultaneously, and in the process of processing the workpiece by the machine body 1, the disassembly operation of the last processed workpiece and the clamping operation of the next workpiece to be processed are completed, it also includes a slide rail pair 9 arranged along the width direction of the worktable 2, and the moving part of the slide rail pair 9 is provided with two fixed frames 3 at intervals along its moving direction; it should be noted that: the two fixed frames 3 are each equipped with a supporting frame 4; that is, when one of them is at the processing station (the moving station 6 contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21), the other moving station 6 is located at the station for disassembling and assembling workpieces.

[0063] Furthermore, the driving device 5 includes a reducer 51 with two output shafts and a motor 52 drivingly connected to the input shaft of the reducer 51. The two output shafts of the reducer 51 are coaxial and rotate in opposite directions. The two output shafts of the reducer 51 are drivingly connected to the pin shafts 31 in the two fixed frames 3 respectively; that is, during the loading and unloading process, the motor 52 can simultaneously drive the two pin shafts 31 to rotate through the reducer 51, so that the movable table 6 carrying the workpiece after processing moves from the processing station to the workpiece disassembly and assembly station, and at the same time, the movable table 6 carrying the workpiece to be processed moves from the workpiece disassembly and assembly station to the processing station, and in this process, the moving part of the slide rail pair 9 drives the two fixed frames 3 to move, so that the movable table 6 carrying the workpiece to be processed can correspondingly contact the lower edge of the U-shaped opening 21. It should be noted that: when the moving part of the slide rail pair 9 drives the two fixed frames 3 to move, attention must be paid to the swing angle of the support frame 4 to avoid collision between the support frame 4, the movable platform 6 and the workpiece on the movable platform 6 and the workbench 2. In the example, for safety reasons, when the swing angle of the support frame 4 is 0 degrees, the moving part of the slide rail pair 9 starts to move. After the movement process of the moving part of the slide rail pair 9 is completed, the swinging action of the support frame 4 continues.

[0064] Embodiment 4, in combination with the attached Figure 6-8 , a CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts, based on the third embodiment, in order to prevent the bearing bracket 4 from reciprocating and swinging due to other factors during idle time, such as artificially pushing the bearing bracket 4, other things colliding with the bearing bracket 4 and other factors: the driving device 5 also includes a connecting sleeve 53 fixedly connected to the fixing frame 3, the input shaft of the reducer 51 is coaxially rotatably plugged into the output shaft of the motor 52, the input shaft of the reducer 51 is evenly spaced along its circumference and is provided with a plurality of slide grooves 511, and the slide grooves 511 are slidably matched with the limiting wedge block 54, and the end of the limiting wedge block 54 extending out of the slide groove 511 is an isosceles tip; the position of the output shaft of the motor 52 corresponding to the slide groove 511 is provided with an isosceles cavity 521 matching the protruding end of the limiting wedge block 54, and the tip of the isosceles cavity 521 is open; the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 53 is evenly provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 531 that can be correspondingly engaged with the tip of the limiting wedge block 54;

[0065] A return spring 55 is provided between the bottom of the sliding groove 511 and the limiting wedge block 54 .

[0066] When the motor 52 is in a normal state, that is, when the reducer 51 is driven by the motor 52 and the supporting frame 4 is swung, the output shaft of the motor 52 rotates. At this time, the isosceles cavity 521 squeezes the tip of the limiting wedge 54, and the limiting wedge 54 retreats along the slide groove 511 and squeezes the return spring 55, so that the tip of the limiting wedge 54 loses the engagement with the limiting groove 531, and the output shaft of the motor 52 can drive the input shaft of the reducer 51 to rotate, so that the device can operate normally; under abnormal circumstances, that is, when the supporting frame 4 has a tendency to swing due to other factors, the input shaft of the reducer 51 is required to drive the output shaft of the motor 52 to rotate in the opposite direction. Since the isosceles cavity 521 does not apply force to the tip of the limiting wedge 54, the limiting wedge 54 is acted upon by the elastic force of the return spring 55, and the tip of the limiting wedge 54 is engaged with the limiting groove 531, so the limiting wedge 54 will not move, making it impossible for the input shaft of the reducer 51 to rotate, and thus making it impossible for the supporting frame 4 to swing.

[0067] The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention; therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts, characterized in that: include: A machine body (1) is provided with a workbench (2) extending outward at one end thereof, a U-shaped opening (21) is provided at the outer end of the workbench (2), and extension plates (22) extending downward are provided on the outer sides of two side walls of the U-shaped opening (21); A fixed frame (3) is arranged outside the workbench (2); the top of the fixed frame (3) is rotatably connected to a support frame (4) via a pin shaft (31); and a driving device (5) is also provided for driving the pin shaft (31) so that the support frame (4) swings within a range of ±90 degrees; an extension rod (41) extending outward is provided at the middle of one end of the support frame (4) away from the pin shaft (31); and a connecting shaft (43) is provided at one end of the support frame (4) close to the pin shaft (31); and the connecting shaft (43) can rotate within a range of ±90 degrees; A movable platform (6) is arranged above the outer end of the support frame (4) via an elastic column (7); positioning holes (61) are provided on both side walls of the movable platform (6); A positioning assembly (8) comprises a vertical slide rail (81) arranged below the inner end of the workbench (2), a counterweight slider (82) slidably connected to the rail body of the vertical slide rail (81), and a positioning pin (83) vertically slidingly penetrating the extension plate (22), wherein both sides of the counterweight slider (82) are rotatably connected to connecting rods (84) inclined up and down, and the outer end of the connecting rod (84) is lower than the inner end thereof; the outer end of the connecting rod (84) is rotatably connected to an axial sliding rod (85), and the axial sliding rod (85) is slidably connected to the machine body (1); the outer end of the positioning pin (83) is correspondingly connected to the outer end of the axial sliding rod (85), so that the driving device (5) drives the support bracket (4) to rotate from bottom to top, so that the movable platform (6) contacts the lower edge of the U-shaped opening (21), and the extension rod (41) presses the counterweight slider (82), so that the axial sliding rod (85) drives the positioning pin (83) to move inward and cooperate with the positioning hole (61), thereby realizing the positioning operation of the movable platform (6).

2. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the workbench (2) is provided with a positioning piece (23) that cooperates with the moving table (6) so as to facilitate preliminary positioning of the moving table (6) in a horizontal plane.

3. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer end surface of the movable platform (6) is an inclined surface located outside the upper edge corresponding to the lower edge, and the positioning member (23) includes an inclined surface matching member (231) matching with the outer end surface of the movable platform (6); Both sides of the movable platform (6) are provided with positioning grooves (62) arranged along the length direction thereof, and the positioning member (23) further comprises positioning ridges (232) cooperating with the positioning grooves (62); Wherein, the two side surfaces of the positioning ridge (232) gradually deviate inwards from top to bottom.

4. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (4) comprises a frame body (42), one end of the frame body (42) close to the top of the fixed frame (3) is provided with a connecting shaft (43), one end of the connecting shaft (43) away from the frame body (42) is rotatably connected to a connecting portion (44), and the connecting portion (44) is fixedly connected to the pin shaft (31); The extension rod (41) is arranged at one end of the frame body (42) away from the connecting shaft (43).

5. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (43) is provided with a gear (45) on its shaft body, and the fixing frame (3) is provided with an arc-shaped rack (32) capable of meshing with the gear (45), so that the connecting shaft (43) can rotate within a range of ±90 degrees during the swinging process within a range of ±90 degrees, so that the supporting frame (4) is located at two extreme positions, and the moving platform (6) is located above the supporting frame (4).

6. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc angle of the meshing area of ​​the arc-shaped rack (32) and the gear (45) is 120 to 150 degrees, and the connecting shaft (43) meshes with the arc-shaped rack (32) within the range of -90 to +30 to 60 degrees.

7. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (43) is connected to the connecting portion (44) in a damped rotation manner.

8. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a slide rail pair (9) arranged along the width direction of the workbench (2), wherein the moving part of the slide rail pair (9) is provided with two fixed frames (3) at intervals along its moving direction.

9. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving device (5) comprises a reducer (51) having two output shafts and a motor (52) drivingly connected to the input shaft of the reducer (51); the two output shafts of the reducer (51) are coaxial and rotate in opposite directions; the two output shafts of the reducer (51) are drivingly connected to the pins (31) in the two fixing frames (3), respectively.

10. The CNC machine tool capable of automatically loading and unloading parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving device (5) further comprises a connecting sleeve (53) fixedly connected to the fixing frame (3); the input shaft of the reducer (51) is coaxially rotatably plugged into the output shaft of the motor (52); the input shaft of the reducer (51) is evenly spaced along its circumference and provided with a plurality of sliding grooves (511); a limiting wedge block (54) is slidably fitted in the sliding groove (511); and one end of the limiting wedge block (54) extending out of the sliding groove (511) is an isosceles tip; an isosceles cavity (521) matching the extended end of the limiting wedge block (54) is provided at a position of the output shaft of the motor (52) corresponding to the sliding groove (511), and the tip of the isosceles cavity (521) is open; and a plurality of limiting grooves (531) capable of correspondingly engaging with the tip of the limiting wedge block (54) are evenly spaced on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (53); A return spring (55) is provided between the bottom of the sliding groove (511) and the limiting wedge block (54).

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