Frictional sliding three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing

Abstract

The application discloses a frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing, which comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a sliding isolation unit, the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with an upper structure; the lower cover plate is oppositely arranged below the upper cover plate and is fixedly connected with a lower structure; the sliding isolation unit has large vertical bearing capacity and small vertical rigidity and can be used for vertical isolation; the sliding isolation unit can slide between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and can realize horizontal isolation; the sliding isolation unit can also automatically adjust an angle and keep the upper cover plate parallel to the lower cover plate. When the vibration is small, the sliding isolation unit absorbs the vibration energy through internal self-adjusting sliding, and when the vibration gradually increases, the sliding isolation unit moves relatively with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the vibration energy is consumed in the form of sliding friction for the second time. The frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing can flexibly adapt to vibrations of different degrees, has good isolation effect, low cost, simple structure and convenient construction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering structures, and particularly relates to a frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Earthquake is a kind of natural disaster with serious destructive power, and the vibration generated thereby can affect the stability of a building. In the process of propagation, the earthquake wave not only produces horizontal ground motion, but also accompanies significant vertical seismic force. This multi-directional seismic action can cause serious damage to the building structure and endanger the safety of the building.

[0003] The conventional isolation technology widely used in the current engineering is mainly achieved by arranging an isolation device between the building foundation and the upper structure. Common isolation devices include rubber isolation bearings and three-dimensional isolation bearings. The vertical bearing capacity and horizontal deformation capacity of the rubber isolation bearing are difficult to balance. If the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber is to be improved, the hardness of the rubber needs to be increased, which will lead to a decrease in the horizontal isolation effect. Moreover, the rubber is greatly affected by temperature, and is prone to aging and creep in long-term use, which affects the isolation effect. Although the common three-dimensional isolation bearing can slide in the horizontal direction, the design focus of the three-dimensional isolation bearing is mainly to maintain the balance of the upper and lower structures. Moreover, the horizontal sliding of the three-dimensional isolation bearing is only one-stage sliding energy dissipation, and the consumption of the vibration energy in the horizontal direction is small, so the isolation effect needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing, which can simultaneously realize isolation in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The vibration energy is absorbed by two-stage sliding friction in the horizontal direction, which can flexibly adapt to different degrees of vibration, maintain the stability of the upper and lower structures of the building, and has good isolation effect, low cost, simple structure and convenient construction.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing, characterized by comprising:

[0006] an upper cover plate, which is fixedly connected with an upper structure, the lower end surface of the upper cover plate being a first sliding friction surface, and the first sliding friction surface being a plane;

[0007] a lower cover plate, which is fixedly connected with a lower structure and is located below the upper cover plate and arranged opposite to the upper cover plate, the upper end surface of the lower cover plate being a second sliding friction surface, and the second sliding friction surface being a plane;

[0008] The sliding isolation unit is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, has large vertical bearing capacity and small vertical rigidity, and thus the three-dimensional isolation support has long vertical natural vibration period and low inherent frequency, and can realize vertical isolation; the sliding isolation unit is relatively slidably matched with the first sliding friction surface and the second sliding friction surface, and the friction coefficients between the sliding isolation unit and the first friction surface and the second friction surface are different; the sliding isolation unit can automatically adjust the angle during vibration, so that the first friction surface and the second friction surface are always kept parallel.

[0009] According to the technical scheme, the sliding isolation unit comprises an upper sliding block, a lower sliding block and a sliding block assembly; the upper sliding block is provided with a first horizontal surface and a first convex spherical surface, the first horizontal surface is matched with the first sliding friction surface and can slide relative to the first sliding friction surface, and the first convex spherical surface faces downward; the lower sliding block is provided with a second horizontal surface and a second convex spherical surface, the second horizontal surface is matched with the second sliding friction surface and can slide relative to the second sliding friction surface, and the second convex spherical surface faces upward and is arranged opposite to the first convex spherical surface; the sliding block assembly is arranged between the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block and can slide relative to the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block.

[0010] According to the technical scheme, the sliding block assembly comprises an upper connecting block, a lower connecting block and an elastic support; the upper connecting block is provided with a first concave spherical surface and a third horizontal surface, the first concave spherical surface faces upward and is matched with the first convex spherical surface and can slide relative to the first convex spherical surface, and the third horizontal surface is arranged opposite to the fourth horizontal surface and parallel to the fourth horizontal surface; the elastic support is arranged vertically between the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block.

[0011] According to the technical scheme, the first convex spherical surface has the same curvature radius as the first concave spherical surface, and the area of the first convex spherical surface is smaller than the area of the first concave spherical surface; the second convex spherical surface has the same curvature radius as the second concave spherical surface, and the area of the second convex spherical surface is smaller than the area of the second concave spherical surface.

[0012] According to the technical scheme, the friction coefficient between the first sliding friction surface and the first horizontal surface is K1, the friction coefficient between the second sliding friction surface and the second horizontal surface is K2, the friction coefficient between the first convex spherical surface and the first concave spherical surface is K3, and the friction coefficient between the second convex spherical surface and the second concave spherical surface is K4; the friction coefficients K1 and K2 are different, and K1 and K2 are greater than K3 and K4.

[0013] According to the technical scheme, the friction coefficients K1, K2, K3 and K4 are controlled by setting friction materials on the friction surfaces at the joints, and the optional friction materials include polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide.

[0014] According to the technical scheme, sleeves are arranged outside the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block, and the elastic supporting members are enclosed between the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block.

[0015] According to the technical scheme, the first anti-disengagement baffle is fixed on the upper connecting block and surrounds the first recess to limit the upper sliding block, and the second anti-disengagement baffle is fixed on the lower connecting block and surrounds the second recess to limit the lower sliding block.

[0016] According to the technical scheme, a plurality of elastic supporting members are arranged, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the elastic supporting members are in contact with the third horizontal surface and the fourth horizontal surface respectively and are arranged in a ring array.

[0017] The beneficial effects obtained by the present application include:

[0018] (1) The frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing mainly comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a sliding isolation unit, the sliding isolation unit has large vertical bearing capacity and small vertical stiffness, so that the vertical natural vibration period is long and the inherent frequency is low, and the vertical isolation effect can be achieved; when the vibration is small, the sliding between the upper sliding block and the upper connecting plate and the sliding between the lower sliding block and the lower connecting plate absorbs the vibration energy, while keeping the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate parallel; after the vibration gradually increases, the relative movement between the sliding isolation unit and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate occurs, and the vibration energy is consumed in the form of sliding friction for the second time, and the frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing can flexibly adapt to different degrees of vibration, has good isolation effect, low cost, simple structure and convenient construction.

[0019] (2) The number of vertical elastic supporting members can be flexibly changed, the bearing capacity and the vertical stiffness of the frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing can be adjusted according to the actual demand of the building structure in the actual engineering, the bearing capacity under different vibration conditions can be met, the vertical isolation effect of the bearing can be optimized, and the stability of the building can be maintained by the cooperative action of the multiple elastic supporting members to provide more stable supporting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a top view structure diagram of a frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2is a facade structure schematic diagram of a friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a facade structure schematic diagram of a friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 is a section structure schematic diagram of the E-E in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block of a friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the upper connecting block, the lower connecting block and the elastic support of the sliding block assembly of a friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a plane arrangement schematic diagram of the elastic support of a friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] In the figure: 1, upper cover plate; 11, first sliding friction surface; 2, lower cover plate; 21, second sliding friction surface; 3, upper sliding block; 31, first horizontal surface; 32, first convex spherical surface; 4, lower sliding block; 41, second horizontal surface; 42, second convex spherical surface; 5, sliding block assembly; 51, upper connecting block; 511, first recess; 512, first concave spherical surface; 513, third horizontal surface; 514, first anti-disengagement baffle; 52, lower connecting block; 521, second recess; 522, second concave spherical surface; 523, fourth horizontal surface; 524, second anti-disengagement baffle; 53, disc spring; 6, sleeve; 7, upper structure; 8, lower structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 A frictional sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing according to an embodiment of the present application includes an upper cover plate 1, a lower cover plate 2 and a sliding isolation unit. The upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with an upper structure 7. The lower end surface of the upper cover plate 1 is a first sliding friction surface 11, which is a plane. The lower cover plate 2 is fixedly connected with a lower structure 8 and is located below the upper cover plate 1 opposite to the upper cover plate 1. The upper end surface of the lower cover plate 2 is a second sliding friction surface 21, which is a plane. The sliding isolation unit is arranged between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. The sliding isolation unit has large vertical bearing capacity and small vertical stiffness, so that the vertical natural vibration period of the three-dimensional isolation bearing is long and the inherent frequency is low, which can realize vertical isolation. The sliding isolation unit is relatively slidably adapted and fitted with the first sliding friction surface 11 and the second sliding friction surface 21, and the friction coefficients between the sliding isolation unit and the first and second friction surfaces are different. The sliding isolation unit can automatically adjust the angle when vibrating, so that the first and second friction surfaces always remain parallel.

[0030] In the embodiment, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 are in the shape of a flat cylinder, the upper end surface of the upper cover plate 1 is tightly attached to the upper structure 7, and the upper cover plate 1 is bolted to the upper structure 7 through the sleeve 6 penetrating the upper cover plate 1, the lower end surface of the upper cover plate 1 is the first sliding friction surface 11; the lower cover plate 2 is located below the upper cover plate 1 and is arranged opposite to the upper cover plate 1, the lower end surface of the lower cover plate 2 is tightly attached to the lower structure 8, and the lower cover plate 2 is bolted to the lower structure 8 through the sleeve 6 penetrating the lower cover plate 2, the upper end surface of the lower cover plate 2 is the second sliding friction surface 21. The sliding isolation unit is arranged between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 and is adapted to be tightly attached to the first sliding friction surface 11 and the second sliding friction surface 21 in a relative sliding manner, the sliding isolation unit can slide between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2, so that the horizontal stiffness of the friction sliding three-dimensional isolation bearing is small, when the vibration is transmitted to the structure, the horizontal displacement of the upper structure 7 relative to the lower structure 8 is allowed, and at the same time, the vibration energy in the horizontal direction is consumed through the friction sliding between the sliding isolation unit and the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2, so as to achieve the effect of isolation. The sliding isolation unit can automatically adjust the angle when the vibration occurs, so that the first friction surface and the second friction surface always remain parallel.

[0031] In the embodiment, the sliding isolation unit includes an upper sliding block 3, a lower sliding block 4 and a sliding block assembly 5; the upper sliding block 3 is arranged opposite to the lower sliding block 4, the top of the upper sliding block 3 is the first horizontal surface 31 and is adapted to be tightly attached to the first sliding friction surface 11 of the upper cover plate 1 in a relative sliding manner, and the bottom of the upper sliding block 3 is the first convex spherical surface 32; the bottom of the lower sliding block 4 is the second horizontal surface 41 and is adapted to be tightly attached to the second sliding friction surface 21 of the lower cover plate 2 in a relative sliding manner, and the top of the lower sliding block 4 is the second convex spherical surface 42 and is arranged opposite to the first convex spherical surface 32; the sliding block assembly 5 is arranged between the upper sliding block 3 and the lower sliding block 4, and the sliding block assembly 5 is slidable relative to the upper sliding block 3 and the lower sliding block 4. The vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly 5 is large and the vertical stiffness is small, so that the vertical isolation effect can be achieved.

[0032] In the embodiment, the slider assembly 5 comprises an upper connecting block 51, a lower connecting block 52 and an elastic support; the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52 are flat cylindrical bodies with circular grooves, the upper connecting block 51 is provided with a first groove 511 at the upper end face, the top of the upper connecting block 51 is a first concave spherical surface 512 which is adapted to fit and slide with respect to the first convex spherical surface 32 at the bottom of the upper slider 3, the bottom of the upper connecting block 51 is a third horizontal surface 513; the lower connecting block 52 is provided with a second groove 521 at the lower end face, the bottom of the lower connecting block 52 is a second concave spherical surface 522 which is adapted to fit and slide with respect to the second convex spherical surface 42 at the top of the lower slider 4, the top of the lower connecting block 52 is a fourth horizontal surface 523; the elastic support is arranged between the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52 and is arranged vertically and in contact with the third horizontal surface 513 and the fourth horizontal surface 523. When the vibration is transmitted to the structure, the elastic support deforms to absorb the vibration energy to achieve the effect of shock isolation, in addition, the upper slider 3 and the upper connecting block 51 slide with respect to each other in the first groove 511, and the lower slider 4 and the lower connecting block 52 also slide with respect to each other in the second groove 521, so as to automatically adjust the positions of the upper slider 3 and the lower slider 4 and keep the upper slider 3 and the lower slider 4 always parallel, thereby keeping the upper structure 7 and the lower structure 8 of the building relatively stable.

[0033] In the embodiment, the radius of curvature of the first convex spherical surface 32 is the same as the radius of curvature of the first concave spherical surface 512, and the area of the first convex spherical surface 32 is smaller than the area of the first concave spherical surface 512; the radius of curvature of the second convex spherical surface 42 is the same as the radius of curvature of the second concave spherical surface 522, and the area of the second convex spherical surface 42 is smaller than the area of the second concave spherical surface 522. Therefore, the first convex spherical surface 32 can be closely fitted in the first concave spherical surface 512 and slide in the first concave spherical surface 512, and the second convex spherical surface 42 can be closely fitted in the second concave spherical surface 522 and slide in the second concave spherical surface 522. The horizontal vibration energy can be absorbed to achieve horizontal shock isolation, and the positions of the upper slider 3 and the lower slider 4 can be automatically adjusted to keep the upper slider 3 and the lower slider 4 always parallel.

[0034] In the embodiment, the friction coefficient between the first sliding friction surface 11 and the first horizontal surface 31 is K1, the friction coefficient between the second sliding friction surface 21 and the second horizontal surface 41 is K2, the friction coefficient between the first convex spherical surface 32 and the first concave spherical surface 512 is K3, and the friction coefficient between the second convex spherical surface 42 and the second concave spherical surface 522 is K4; wherein K1 and K2 are different, and K1 and K2 are greater than K3 and K4. The purpose of K1 and K2 being greater than K3 and K4 is that when the vibration is small, the friction slip does not occur between the sliding isolation unit and the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2, the static friction force can keep the upper structure 7 and the lower structure 8 stable, at this time, the relative sliding between the upper sliding block 3 and the upper connecting block 51, the lower sliding block 4 and the lower connecting block 52 absorbs the horizontal vibration energy, and the deformation of the elastic support absorbs the vertical vibration energy, achieving three-dimensional isolation. The purpose of K1 and K2 being different is that when the vibration is large, the relative sliding between the upper sliding block 3 and the upper connecting block 51, the lower sliding block 4 and the lower connecting block 52 is not enough to completely absorb the vibration energy, and the sliding isolation unit will slip with one of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2, on the basis of keeping the structure stable as a whole, the purpose of absorbing the vibration energy for the second time is achieved, and better isolation effect is finally obtained.

[0035] In the embodiment, the friction coefficients K1, K2, K3 and K4 can be controlled by setting friction materials on the first sliding friction surface 11, the first horizontal surface 31, the second sliding friction surface 21, the second horizontal surface 41, the first convex spherical surface 32, the first concave spherical surface 512, the second convex spherical surface 42 and the second concave spherical surface 522. The friction materials can be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide and tungsten, but these are only preferred example materials, and other materials with the same function can also be selected.

[0036] In the embodiment, the outer periphery of the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52 is provided with a sleeve 6, and the sleeve 6 is fixedly connected with the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52 through anchor bolts; the sleeve 6 is in a cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the sleeve 6 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52, so that it can completely cover the outer peripheral surface of the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52; the sleeve 6 encloses the elastic support inside, which can effectively prevent the elastic support from falling off, and also prevent the influence of the external environment on the elastic support, while maintaining the stability of the entire structure;

[0037] In the embodiment, the first anti-disengagement baffle 514 is fixed on the upper connecting block 51, the first anti-disengagement baffle 514 is annular structure, surrounds the periphery of the first groove 511; the first anti-disengagement baffle 514 extends into the first groove 511, can limit the displacement of the upper slider 3, prevent the upper slider 3 from sliding out of the first groove 511; the second anti-disengagement baffle 524 is fixed on the lower connecting block 52, the second anti-disengagement baffle 524 is also annular structure, surrounds the periphery of the second groove 521, can limit the displacement of the lower slider 4, prevent the lower slider 4 from sliding out of the second groove 521. The first anti-disengagement baffle 514 and the second anti-disengagement baffle 524 can be fixed on the upper connecting block 51 and the lower connecting block 52 by welding or bolts.

[0038] In the embodiment, the elastic support is a disc spring 53, the disc spring 53 has a large elastic deformation capacity and a large carrying capacity, and its unique nonlinear mechanical characteristics can effectively absorb and dissipate seismic energy, thereby achieving the effect of shock isolation. The disc spring 53 is provided in a plurality of disc springs 53, the upper end and the lower end of the plurality of disc springs 53 are in contact with the third horizontal plane 513 and the fourth horizontal plane 523 respectively, and the disc springs 53 are arranged in an annular array. The specific number and size of the disc springs 53 can be selected and adjusted according to actual shock isolation requirements, and the disc springs 53 can be flexibly adapted to various vibration environments.

[0039] In the embodiment, in the case of small vibration, the upper slider 3 and the upper connecting plate, the lower slider 4 and the lower connecting plate slide and rub, absorb horizontal vibration energy, the disc spring 53 deforms, absorbs vertical vibration energy, and automatically adjusts the positions of the upper slider 3 and the lower slider 4, thereby keeping the entire friction sliding three-dimensional shock isolation support stable. When the vibration gradually increases, the friction sliding between the upper slider 3 and the upper connecting plate and the lower slider 4 and the lower connecting plate cannot completely absorb the vibration energy, one of the upper slider 3 and the upper cover plate 1 and the lower slider 4 and the lower cover plate 2 will slide and rub, thereby absorbing the vibration energy for the second time, cooperating with the disc spring 53, and realizing the three-dimensional shock isolation effect; at the same time, the friction sliding between the upper slider 3 and the upper connecting plate and the lower slider 4 and the lower connecting plate keeps the first sliding friction surface 11 and the second sliding friction surface 21 parallel when the vibration is large, and the upper structure 7 and the lower structure 8 of the building are stable.

[0040] The above-described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A frictional sliding three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing, characterized by, The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support.

2. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support.

3. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 2, wherein: The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support.

4. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 3, wherein: The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support.

5. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 3, wherein: The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support.

6. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 5, wherein: The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. The application relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation support. 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The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 3, wherein: The upper connecting block and the lower connecting block are externally provided with sleeves, which enclose the elastic supporting members between the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block.

8. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 3, wherein: A first anti-disengagement baffle is fixed on the upper connecting block and encloses the periphery of the first recess to limit the upper sliding block; a second anti-disengagement baffle is fixed on the lower connecting block and encloses the periphery of the second recess to limit the lower sliding block.

9. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of claim 3, wherein: The elastic supporting members are provided in plurality, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the plurality of elastic supporting members are respectively in contact with the third horizontal plane and the fourth horizontal plane and are uniformly arranged in an annular array.

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