A traveling wave fault location method and system with adaptive capability

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive traveling wave fault location method and system, relating to the field of traveling wave fault location technology. The system includes: a fault traveling wave detection module, a traveling wave path analysis module, and a patrol node screening module. The fault traveling wave detection module is used to detect abnormal fault traveling wave signals in the power grid, collect the traveling wave leading edge time point data detected by each sensor, and calculate the traveling wave leading edge time difference obtained by each sensor. The traveling wave path analysis module is used to divide the power grid into maintenance nodes, calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node, and measure the time taken for traveling wave transmission between terminals of each maintenance node to analyze the shortest path for traveling wave transmission. The patrol node screening module screens patrol nodes based on the traveling wave leading edge time difference obtained by each sensor combination, calculates the fault confidence of each patrol node, assigns patrol priorities, and provides feedback on patrol node information to maintenance personnel in sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traveling wave fault location, and in particular to a traveling wave fault location method and system with self-adaptation capability. Background Art

[0002] As the scale of the power system continues to expand and the complexity of the power energy structure continues to increase, fault detection and positioning in the power grid is an important basis for ensuring the smooth operation of production and life.

[0003] In the existing traveling wave fault location technology, in a network with complex power line structure, the actual physical structure of the connecting branches and lines of each node is more complex than the long-distance lines of the traditional power grid. The traditional single-end traveling wave positioning and double-end traveling wave positioning lack consideration of the actual physical characteristics of the line when used, and inevitably have the problem of lack of accuracy leading to fuzzy positioning.

[0004] Therefore, a traveling wave fault location method and system with adaptive capability is needed to solve the above technical defects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a traveling wave fault location method and system with adaptive capability to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability includes the following analysis steps:

[0008] Step S100: Divide each component in the power line into different maintenance nodes according to the power grid structure, collect historical maintenance data of each node, and calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node;

[0009] Step S200: Analyze the traveling wave propagation time of each multi-adjacent maintenance node, collect the fault traveling wave signal in the power grid, analyze the rationality of the path of the current fault traveling wave transmission in each maintenance node, and perform the shortest path analysis of the traveling wave transmission on the power line;

[0010] Step S300: Detect the time difference of the collected fault traveling wave signal reaching different sensors, conduct inspection and judgment on each maintenance node, and screen all inspection nodes;

[0011] Step S400: Calculate and analyze the fault confidence of each inspection node, determine the inspection priority of each inspection node, and feed back the inspection node information to the maintenance personnel in sequence.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, step S100 includes the following analysis steps:

[0013] Step S101: Obtaining grid structure information, dividing the grid into power lines and power equipment; wherein the power line refers to the wire path used to connect various power equipment in the power grid;

[0014] Step S102: traverse and analyze the hardware features of each section of the power line in the power, and in any section of the power line, when the hardware features change, the power lines at both ends of the change point are respectively set as different maintenance nodes; wherein the hardware features of the power line refer to the physical parameters and electrical characteristics of the power line;

[0015] Step S103: Divide each power device into different maintenance nodes, and connect each maintenance node according to the power line structure; accurately divide the power grid lines and divide them into different maintenance nodes. In a modern power network system with more node connection branches and more complex actual physical structures between lines, more accurate analysis of system lines can be performed, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the final positioning;

[0016] Step S104: Collect historical maintenance data of each maintenance node, and for any maintenance node n, calculate and analyze the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n according to the formula:

[0017] ;

[0018] in, is the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the exponential function of the natural logarithm e, is the wear maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the usage time of maintenance node n from the last maintenance time point, is the maintenance optimization coefficient of maintenance node n, N is the number of maintenance times of maintenance node n, It is the trouble-free usage time before the last maintenance time point, is a constant parameter, which is used to ensure that the denominator of the calculation formula is not 0. By calculating the historical maintenance data of each maintenance node, the possibility of each maintenance node requiring maintenance when a power grid system failure occurs is analyzed and predicted, thereby improving the interpretability of the positioning results.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, step S200 includes the following analysis steps:

[0020] S201: measuring the traveling wave transmission time of each non-single-adjacent maintenance node in the power grid; for a double-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the time required for the traveling wave to be transmitted from one end to the other end; for a multi-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the traveling wave transmission time between each terminal of the maintenance node respectively;

[0021] S202: Analyze whether the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node. For a group of terminals x and y of any maintenance node, if the current fault traveling wave cannot be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, then when performing the shortest path analysis of the traveling wave transmission, remove all paths including the transmission in the direction from terminal x to y; if the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, do not adjust the traveling wave transmission path; perform transmission path analysis and judgment on the traveling wave signal to ensure the rationality of the analysis result of the shortest path of the traveling wave transmission and the rationality of the subsequent inspection node screening result;

[0022] S203: For any maintenance nodes a and b, analyze the shortest path of traveling wave transmission between maintenance nodes a and b; select all traveling wave transmission lines between a and b, calculate the sum of the traveling wave transmission time used by each maintenance node in each line, and use the line with the shortest traveling wave transmission time and the time as the shortest traveling wave transmission path between maintenance nodes a and b.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, step S300 includes the following analysis steps:

[0024] Step S301: Setting a traveling wave detection sensor in the power grid, and when an abnormal traveling wave is detected, collecting the traveling wave front time data collected by each sensor;

[0025] Step S302: arbitrarily select two sensors that detect fault traveling waves to form a traveling wave detection sensor combination, calculate the time difference of the traveling wave fronts detected by the two sensors, and construct a traveling wave transmission time window ;in, is the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors, is the time synchronization error between the two sensors; fully consider the time synchronization error between the traveling wave detection sensors in practical applications, ensure the accuracy and rationality of the analysis and calculation of the traveling wave signal when locating the fault, avoid the error in the calculation and analysis as much as possible, and further improve the accuracy of the practical application of the algorithm;

[0026] Step S303: For any maintenance node, if the time difference taken by the node to transmit the traveling wave to the two sensors through the shortest path of the traveling wave transmission is within the traveling wave transmission time window, the node is determined to be a current sensor combination marked node;

[0027] Step S304: traverse all traveling wave detection sensor combinations that detect faulty traveling waves, and select all marked nodes included in each sensor combination as current faulty traveling wave inspection nodes.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, step S400 includes the following analysis steps:

[0029] Calculate and analyze the fault confidence of each inspection node in the power grid. For any inspection node m, according to the formula:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, is the fault confidence of inspection node m, is the maintenance coefficient of inspection node m, i is the sensor combination number that detects the current fault traveling wave, is the number of sensor combinations that detect the current fault traveling wave, is the time difference used for the shortest path of traveling wave transmission from inspection node m to two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time synchronization error between two sensors in sensor combination i, is the marking identifier of the inspection node m of the sensor combination i; if the inspection node m belongs to the marking node of the sensor combination i, then ; If the inspection node m does not belong to the marked node of sensor combination i, then ; The fault confidence of each inspection node is calculated based on the maintenance coefficient of each node, and the possibility of failure of each inspection node when a power grid system failure occurs is fully analyzed. When the range of inspection nodes that may fail is determined, the inspection nodes are further sorted and analyzed, which improves the accuracy of the algorithm and the response speed of fault handling, and minimizes the interference of power system failures on production and life;

[0032] All inspection nodes are sorted from large to small according to the fault confidence. If the fault confidence values ​​of two inspection nodes are equal, they are sorted from large to small according to the maintenance coefficient, and the final sorting order is used as the inspection priority of each inspection node; among them, the inspection priority of the inspection node with a higher order is higher than that of the inspection node with a lower order;

[0033] The inspection node priority and actual geographical location of the inspection node are sent to the inspection personnel in turn, and fault verification inspection feedback is sent.

[0034] A traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability using the traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability described in the above technical solution, the system comprising: a fault traveling wave detection module, a traveling wave path analysis module, and an inspection node screening module;

[0035] The fault traveling wave detection module is used to detect abnormal fault traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid, and to collect the traveling wave front time point data detected by each sensor, and calculate the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor; the traveling wave path analysis module is used to divide the power grid into maintenance nodes, calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node, and also to measure the time taken for traveling wave transmission between the terminals of each maintenance node, and analyze the shortest path for traveling wave transmission; the inspection node screening module screens the inspection nodes according to the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor combination, calculates the fault confidence of each inspection node, allocates inspection priority, and provides inspection node information feedback to maintenance personnel in turn.

[0036] According to the above technical solution, the fault traveling wave detection module includes: a fault traveling wave identification unit, a traveling wave detection sensor, a clock synchronization unit, and a traveling wave front time difference calculation unit;

[0037] The fault traveling wave identification unit is used to identify abnormal traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid and determine whether they belong to fault traveling waves; the clock synchronization unit performs time synchronization on the detection signals of each traveling wave detection sensor; the traveling wave front time difference calculation unit is used to calculate the fault traveling wave front time difference detected by each traveling wave detection sensor.

[0038] According to the above technical solution, the traveling wave path analysis module includes: a maintenance node division unit, a maintenance coefficient calculation unit, a traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit, and a traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit;

[0039] The maintenance node division unit is used to divide the power lines and power equipment in the power grid into maintenance nodes; the maintenance coefficient calculation unit is used to calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit is used to verify whether the fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit is used to analyze the shortest path for the fault traveling wave to be transmitted between the maintenance nodes, so as to determine the first traveling wave signal path detected by the traveling wave detection sensor.

[0040] According to the above technical solution, the inspection node screening module includes: a time window construction unit, an inspection node screening unit, a fault confidence calculation unit, and an inspection node feedback unit;

[0041] The time window construction unit is used to construct a traveling wave transmission time window according to the traveling wave front time difference detected by the sensor combination; the inspection node screening unit is used to perform inspection judgment on each maintenance node according to the traveling wave transmission time window and screen all inspection nodes; the fault confidence calculation unit is used to calculate the fault confidence value of each inspection node; the inspection node feedback unit is used to assign inspection priorities to each inspection node and provide inspection node information feedback to the inspection personnel in turn.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In the present invention, multi-node and multi-branch power lines are divided into maintenance node networks through maintenance node division, and a more accurate analysis is performed on the complex modern power network to ensure the accuracy of the final fault location; secondly, by analyzing the historical maintenance data of the maintenance nodes, the physical parameter status such as the use and aging of each maintenance node is fully considered, which provides data support for subsequent positioning analysis and enhances the interpretability of the inspection and positioning results; in addition, when screening the inspection nodes, the time synchronization error of the sensor in the actual situation is considered, and the inspection nodes that may fail are screened by constructing a time window, and the fault confidence of each inspection node is further analyzed for priority allocation, which fully considers the possibility of failure of each inspection node in the actual situation, improves the accuracy of the algorithm and the response speed of fault handling, and minimizes the interference of power system failures on production and life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is an organizational structure diagram of a traveling wave fault location system with self-adaptation capability according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example: See Figure 1-Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution,

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability, comprising the following analysis steps:

[0049] Step S100: Divide each component in the power line into different maintenance nodes according to the power grid structure, collect historical maintenance data of each node, and calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node;

[0050] Step S200: Analyze the traveling wave propagation time of each multi-adjacent maintenance node, collect the fault traveling wave signal in the power grid, analyze the rationality of the path of the current fault traveling wave transmission in each maintenance node, and perform the shortest path analysis of the traveling wave transmission on the power line;

[0051] Step S300: Detect the time difference of the collected fault traveling wave signal reaching different sensors, conduct inspection and judgment on each maintenance node, and screen all inspection nodes;

[0052] Step S400: Calculate and analyze the fault confidence of each inspection node, determine the inspection priority of each inspection node, and feed back the inspection node information to the maintenance personnel in sequence.

[0053] Step S100 includes the following analysis steps:

[0054] Step S101: Obtaining grid structure information, dividing the grid into power lines and power equipment; wherein the power line refers to the wire path used to connect various power equipment in the power grid;

[0055] Step S102: traverse and analyze the hardware features of each section of the power line in the power, and in any section of the power line, when the hardware features change, the power lines at both ends of the change point are respectively set as different maintenance nodes; wherein the hardware features of the power line refer to the physical parameters and electrical characteristics of the power line;

[0056] In specific implementation, the physical parameters of the power line hardware characteristics that are usually considered include the wire material and wire size, while the electrical characteristics refer to the impedance characteristics and threshold characteristics of the power line;

[0057] Step S103: Divide each power device into different maintenance nodes, and connect each maintenance node according to the power line structure;

[0058] Step S104: Collect historical maintenance data of each maintenance node, and for any maintenance node n, calculate and analyze the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n according to the formula:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, is the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the exponential function of the natural logarithm e, is the wear maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the usage time of maintenance node n from the last maintenance time point, is the maintenance optimization coefficient of maintenance node n, N is the number of maintenance times of maintenance node n, It is the trouble-free usage time before the last maintenance time point, It is a constant parameter used to ensure that the denominator of the calculation formula is not 0;

[0061] For the above calculation formula, the following calculation example is given: Assume that in the maintenance node n: the wear maintenance coefficient is 0.05, the usage time from the last maintenance time point is 80 days, the maintenance optimization coefficient is 0.02, the number of maintenance times is 5, and the maintenance time before the last maintenance time point is 100 days. The constant parameters Taking the value as 0.01, the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n is calculated to be 0.546.

[0062] Step S200 includes the following analysis steps:

[0063] S201: measuring the traveling wave transmission time of each non-single-adjacent maintenance node in the power grid; for a double-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the time required for the traveling wave to be transmitted from one end to the other end; for a multi-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the traveling wave transmission time between each terminal of the maintenance node respectively;

[0064] S202: Analyze whether the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node. For a set of terminals x and y of any maintenance node, if the current fault traveling wave cannot be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, then when performing the shortest path analysis for traveling wave transmission, remove all paths including the transmission in the direction from terminal x to y; if the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, do not adjust the traveling wave transmission path;

[0065] In specific implementation, for example, if a line node such as a switch or a threshold circuit has a truncation effect on the traveling wave transmission, and is in a disconnected or threshold-cutoff state, the fault traveling wave signal cannot be transmitted through the node when passing through the node during the transmission process; when the node impedance does not match the traveling wave signal, such as a high-frequency signal and an inductor, when a high-frequency traveling wave passes through the inductor, it will cause a large energy loss. Therefore, when the signal passes through the inductor node, the signal amplitude is reduced to the point where the sensor cannot detect it; the traveling wave transmission paths in the above two scenarios can be considered to be unreasonable path selections;

[0066] S203: For any maintenance nodes a and b, analyze the shortest path of traveling wave transmission between maintenance nodes a and b; select all traveling wave transmission lines between a and b, calculate the sum of the traveling wave transmission time used by each maintenance node in each line, and use the line with the shortest traveling wave transmission time and the time as the shortest traveling wave transmission path between maintenance nodes a and b.

[0067] Step S300 includes the following analysis steps:

[0068] Step S301: Setting a traveling wave detection sensor in the power grid, and when an abnormal traveling wave is detected, collecting the traveling wave front time data collected by each sensor;

[0069] Step S302: arbitrarily select two sensors that detect fault traveling waves to form a traveling wave detection sensor combination, calculate the time difference of the traveling wave fronts detected by the two sensors, and construct a traveling wave transmission time window ;in, is the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors, is the time synchronization error between the two sensors;

[0070] Step S303: For any maintenance node, if the time difference taken by the node to transmit the traveling wave to the two sensors through the shortest path of the traveling wave transmission is within the traveling wave transmission time window, the node is determined to be a current sensor combination marked node;

[0071] Step S304: traverse all traveling wave detection sensor combinations that detect faulty traveling waves, and select all marked nodes included in each sensor combination as current faulty traveling wave inspection nodes.

[0072] Step S400 includes the following analysis steps:

[0073] Calculate and analyze the fault confidence of each inspection node in the power grid. For any inspection node m, according to the formula:

[0074] ;

[0075] in, is the fault confidence of inspection node m, is the maintenance coefficient of inspection node m, i is the sensor combination number that detects the current fault traveling wave, is the number of sensor combinations that detect the current fault traveling wave, is the time difference used for the shortest path of traveling wave transmission from inspection node m to two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time synchronization error between two sensors in sensor combination i, is the marking identifier of the inspection node m of the sensor combination i; if the inspection node m belongs to the marking node of the sensor combination i, then ; If the inspection node m does not belong to the marked node of sensor combination i, then ;

[0076] For the above calculation formula, the following calculation example is given: assuming that the maintenance coefficient of the inspection node m is 0.7, there are 3 traveling wave detection sensors in the power grid, that is, 3 groups of sensor combinations are formed; among them, combination 1: the shortest path time difference of the traveling wave transmission from the inspection node m to the two sensors is 5 milliseconds, the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors is 6 milliseconds, the time synchronization error between the two sensors is 2 milliseconds, and the inspection node m is marked as 1; combination 2: the shortest path time difference of the traveling wave transmission from the inspection node m to the two sensors is 8 milliseconds, the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors is 7 milliseconds, the time synchronization error between the two sensors is 3 milliseconds, and the inspection node m is marked as 0; combination 3: the shortest path time difference of the traveling wave transmission from the inspection node m to the two sensors is 9 milliseconds, the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors is 9 milliseconds, the time synchronization error between the two sensors is 1 millisecond, and the inspection node m is marked as 1; the fault confidence of the inspection node m can be obtained by calculation as 1.05.

[0077] All inspection nodes are sorted from large to small according to the fault confidence. If the fault confidence values ​​of two inspection nodes are equal, they are sorted from large to small according to the maintenance coefficient, and the final sorting order is used as the inspection priority of each inspection node; among them, the inspection priority of the inspection node with a higher order is higher than that of the inspection node with a lower order;

[0078] The inspection node priority and actual geographical location of the inspection node are sent to the inspection personnel in turn, and fault verification inspection feedback is sent.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability, the system comprising: a fault traveling wave detection module, a traveling wave path analysis module, and an inspection node screening module;

[0080] The fault traveling wave detection module is used to detect abnormal fault traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid, and to collect the traveling wave front time point data detected by each sensor, and calculate the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor; the traveling wave path analysis module is used to divide the power grid into maintenance nodes, calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node, and also to measure the time taken for traveling wave transmission between the terminals of each maintenance node, and analyze the shortest path for traveling wave transmission; the inspection node screening module screens the inspection nodes according to the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor combination, calculates the fault confidence of each inspection node, allocates inspection priority, and provides inspection node information feedback to maintenance personnel in turn.

[0081] The fault traveling wave detection module includes: a fault traveling wave identification unit, a traveling wave detection sensor, a clock synchronization unit, and a traveling wave front time difference calculation unit;

[0082] The fault traveling wave identification unit is used to identify abnormal traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid and determine whether they belong to fault traveling waves; the clock synchronization unit performs time synchronization on the detection signals of each traveling wave detection sensor; the traveling wave front time difference calculation unit is used to calculate the fault traveling wave front time difference detected by each traveling wave detection sensor.

[0083] The traveling wave path analysis module includes: a maintenance node division unit, a maintenance coefficient calculation unit, a traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit, and a traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit;

[0084] The maintenance node division unit is used to divide the power lines and power equipment in the power grid into maintenance nodes; the maintenance coefficient calculation unit is used to calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit is used to verify whether the fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit is used to analyze the shortest path for the fault traveling wave to be transmitted between the maintenance nodes, so as to determine the first traveling wave signal path detected by the traveling wave detection sensor.

[0085] The inspection node screening module includes: a time window construction unit, an inspection node screening unit, a fault confidence calculation unit, and an inspection node feedback unit;

[0086] The time window construction unit is used to construct a traveling wave transmission time window according to the traveling wave front time difference detected by the sensor combination; the inspection node screening unit is used to perform inspection judgment on each maintenance node according to the traveling wave transmission time window and screen all inspection nodes; the fault confidence calculation unit is used to calculate the fault confidence value of each inspection node; the inspection node feedback unit is used to assign inspection priorities to each inspection node and provide inspection node information feedback to the inspection personnel in turn.

[0087] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability, characterized in that , the method comprises the following analysis steps: Step S100: Divide each component in the power line into different maintenance nodes according to the power grid structure, collect historical maintenance data of each node, and calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node; Step S101: Obtaining grid structure information, dividing the grid into power lines and power equipment; wherein the power line refers to the wire path used to connect various power equipment in the power grid; Step S102: traverse and analyze the hardware features of each section of the power line in the power, and in any section of the power line, when the hardware features change, the power lines at both ends of the change point are respectively set as different maintenance nodes; wherein the hardware features of the power line refer to the physical parameters and electrical characteristics of the power line; Step S103: Divide each power device into different maintenance nodes, and connect each maintenance node according to the power line structure; Step S104: Collect historical maintenance data of each maintenance node, and for any maintenance node n, calculate and analyze the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n according to the formula: ； in, is the maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the exponential function of the natural logarithm e, is the wear maintenance coefficient of maintenance node n, is the usage time of maintenance node n from the last maintenance time point, is the maintenance optimization coefficient of maintenance node n, N is the number of maintenance times of maintenance node n, It is the trouble-free usage time before the last maintenance time point, It is a constant parameter used to ensure that the denominator of the calculation formula is not 0; Step S200: Analyze the traveling wave propagation time of each multi-adjacent maintenance node, collect the fault traveling wave signal in the power grid, analyze the rationality of the path of the current fault traveling wave transmission in each maintenance node, and perform the shortest path analysis of the traveling wave transmission on the power line; Step S300: Detect the time difference of the collected fault traveling wave signal reaching different sensors, conduct inspection and judgment on each maintenance node, and screen all inspection nodes; Step S400: Calculate and analyze the fault confidence of each inspection node, determine the inspection priority of each inspection node, and feedback the inspection node information to the maintenance personnel in sequence; For any inspection node m, the fault confidence of inspection node m is calculated according to the formula: ； in, is the fault confidence of inspection node m, is the maintenance coefficient of inspection node m, i is the sensor combination number that detects the current fault traveling wave, is the number of sensor combinations that detect the current fault traveling wave, is the time difference used for the shortest path of traveling wave transmission from inspection node m to two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time difference of the current fault traveling wave front detected by the two sensors in sensor combination i, is the time synchronization error between two sensors in sensor combination i, is the marking identifier of the inspection node m of the sensor combination i; if the inspection node m belongs to the marking node of the sensor combination i, then ; If the inspection node m does not belong to the marked node of sensor combination i, then ; All inspection nodes are sorted from large to small according to the fault confidence. If the fault confidence values ​​of two inspection nodes are equal, they are sorted from large to small according to the maintenance coefficient, and the final sorting order is used as the inspection priority of each inspection node; among them, the inspection priority of the inspection node with a higher order is higher than that of the inspection node with a lower order; The inspection node priority and actual geographical location of the inspection node are sent to the inspection personnel in turn, and fault verification inspection feedback is sent.

2. A traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S200 includes the following analysis steps: S201: measuring the traveling wave transmission time of each non-single-adjacent maintenance node in the power grid; for a double-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the time required for the traveling wave to be transmitted from one end to the other end; for a multi-adjacent maintenance node, collecting the traveling wave transmission time between each terminal of the maintenance node respectively; S202: Analyze whether the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node. For a set of terminals x and y of any maintenance node, if the current fault traveling wave cannot be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, then when performing the shortest path analysis for traveling wave transmission, remove all paths including the transmission in the direction from terminal x to y; if the current fault traveling wave can be transmitted in the direction from terminal x to y, do not adjust the traveling wave transmission path; S203: For any maintenance nodes a and b, analyze the shortest path of traveling wave transmission between maintenance nodes a and b; select all traveling wave transmission lines between a and b, calculate the sum of the traveling wave transmission time used by each maintenance node in each line, and use the line with the shortest traveling wave transmission time and the time as the shortest traveling wave transmission path between maintenance nodes a and b.

3. The traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S300 includes the following analysis steps: Step S301: Setting a traveling wave detection sensor in the power grid, and when an abnormal traveling wave is detected, collecting the traveling wave front time data collected by each sensor; Step S302: arbitrarily select two sensors that detect fault traveling waves to form a traveling wave detection sensor combination, calculate the time difference of the traveling wave fronts detected by the two sensors, and construct a traveling wave transmission time window [△te t ,△t+e t ]; where △t is the time difference between the front edges of the current fault traveling waves detected by the two sensors, e t is the time synchronization error between the two sensors; Step S303: For any maintenance node, if the time difference taken by the node to transmit the traveling wave to the two sensors through the shortest path of the traveling wave transmission is within the traveling wave transmission time window, the node is determined to be a current sensor combination marked node; Step S304: traverse all traveling wave detection sensor combinations that detect faulty traveling waves, and select all marked nodes included in each sensor combination as current faulty traveling wave inspection nodes.

4. A traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability using a traveling wave fault location method with adaptive capability as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The system comprises: a fault traveling wave detection module, a traveling wave path analysis module, and an inspection node screening module; The fault traveling wave detection module is used to detect abnormal fault traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid, and to collect the traveling wave front time point data detected by each sensor, and calculate the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor; the traveling wave path analysis module is used to divide the power grid into maintenance nodes, calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node, and also to measure the time taken for traveling wave transmission between the terminals of each maintenance node, and analyze the shortest path for traveling wave transmission; the inspection node screening module screens the inspection nodes according to the traveling wave front time difference obtained by each sensor combination, calculates the fault confidence of each inspection node, allocates inspection priority, and provides inspection node information feedback to maintenance personnel in turn.

5. A traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fault traveling wave detection module includes: a fault traveling wave identification unit, a traveling wave detection sensor, a clock synchronization unit, and a traveling wave front time difference calculation unit; The fault traveling wave identification unit is used to identify abnormal traveling wave signals appearing in the power grid and determine whether they belong to fault traveling waves; the clock synchronization unit performs time synchronization on the detection signals of each traveling wave detection sensor; the traveling wave front time difference calculation unit is used to calculate the fault traveling wave front time difference detected by each traveling wave detection sensor.

6. A traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The traveling wave path analysis module includes: a maintenance node division unit, a maintenance coefficient calculation unit, a traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit, and a traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit; The maintenance node division unit is used to divide the power lines and power equipment in the power grid into maintenance nodes; the maintenance coefficient calculation unit is used to calculate the maintenance coefficient of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission rationality analysis unit is used to verify whether the fault traveling wave can be transmitted between the terminals of each maintenance node; the traveling wave transmission shortest path analysis unit is used to analyze the shortest path for the fault traveling wave to be transmitted between the maintenance nodes, so as to determine the first traveling wave signal path detected by the traveling wave detection sensor.

7. A traveling wave fault location system with adaptive capability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inspection node screening module includes: a time window construction unit, an inspection node screening unit, a fault confidence calculation unit, and an inspection node feedback unit; The time window construction unit is used to construct a traveling wave transmission time window according to the traveling wave front time difference detected by the sensor combination; the inspection node screening unit is used to perform inspection judgment on each maintenance node according to the traveling wave transmission time window and screen all inspection nodes; the fault confidence calculation unit is used to calculate the fault confidence value of each inspection node; the inspection node feedback unit is used to assign inspection priorities to each inspection node and provide inspection node information feedback to the inspection personnel in turn.

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