Antenna, antenna system, communication device and communication system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna, an antenna system, communication equipment and a communication system. The antenna comprises a radiation unit used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals; the first frequency selection surface is arranged on one side of the radiation unit, the first frequency selection surface comprises aperture units which are arranged periodically, the aperture units which are arranged periodically comprise a first aperture unit and a second aperture unit which are adjacent to each other, and a wire groove is formed in a metal entity between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit; and the feed network is electrically connected with the radiation unit, and a part of feed lines of the feed network are accommodated in the lead grooves. According to the technical scheme, shielding of the antenna behind when the antenna and other antennas are stacked front and back can be avoided or reduced, so that the influence on the performance of the other antennas is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to an antenna, an antenna system, a communication device, and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the demand for capacity in mobile communications continues to increase, and multi-frequency base station antennas have become the mainstream trend in the industry. Considering the limited resources of base station sites, as well as the consideration of factors such as rent and wind load (corresponding to the size of the windward surface of the antenna) for base station deployment, multi-frequency base station antennas are mostly deployed by stacking multiple antennas with different working frequency bands.

[0003] However, in a scenario where multiple antennas are stacked front and back, the front antenna may block the rear antenna, thereby affecting the performance of the rear antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an antenna system, a communication device, and a communication system, which can reduce or avoid electromagnetic shielding of the rear antenna by the front antenna when the antennas are stacked front and back, thereby improving antenna performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising: a radiation unit for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals; a first frequency selective surface, arranged on one side of the radiation unit, the first frequency selective surface comprising a plurality of aperture units, wherein the plurality of aperture units comprise adjacent first aperture units, second aperture units and a metal entity located between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit, the metal entity being formed with a wire groove; a feeding network, electrically connected to the radiation unit, wherein part of the feeding wire of the feeding network is accommodated in the wire groove.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present application, the first frequency selection surface is provided with a wire groove for accommodating the feed line, which can shield the routing line. This can reduce or avoid the influence of the induced current generated on the feed network on the performance of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rear antenna, and at the same time can transmit waves to the rear antenna, thereby reducing or avoiding electromagnetic shielding of the rear antenna when the antenna provided by the present application is stacked front and back with other antennas, which is beneficial to improving antenna performance.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the metal entity between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit includes a first entity part, a second entity part and a third entity part; the first entity part is close to the first aperture unit, and the second entity part is close to the second aperture unit; the surface where the first entity part is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the second entity part is located, and the third entity part is located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located; the first entity part is connected to the third entity part and is arranged at an angle, the second entity part is connected to the third entity part and is arranged at an angle, and the first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part are used to form the wire groove.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first entity portion and the third entity portion are arranged vertically, and / or the second entity portion and the third entity portion are arranged vertically.

[0009] Thus, the shape and size of the wire duct are conducive to the embedding of the feeder wire.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, an extension direction of the first entity part starting from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part is the same as an extension direction of the second entity part starting from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part.

[0011] The first solid portion and the second solid portion extend in the same direction, which is beneficial to the processing of the frequency selective surface and the layout of the feeding network.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first entity part extends from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction close to the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction close to the radiation unit; or, the first entity part extends from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the first entity portion, the second entity portion, and the third entity portion form one or more wire grooves.

[0014] When a wire groove is provided between adjacent first aperture units and second aperture units, the structure of the frequency selective surface can be simplified while realizing the function of the frequency selective surface, thereby facilitating processing.

[0015] By providing a plurality of wire grooves between adjacent first aperture units and second aperture units, the routing density of the feed network can be increased, thereby supporting high-density routing.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the third entity portion is located in the first plane, and the first entity portion, the second entity portion, and the third entity portion form a wire groove.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first aperture unit and / or the second aperture unit is located in a first plane; or, a projection of the first aperture unit and / or the second aperture unit in a first direction is located in the first plane, wherein the first direction is a position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selective surface.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the third entity part includes a main body and a protrusion protruding from the surface of the main body, the first entity part and the second entity part are respectively connected to the main body, the protrusion is located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located, and the first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part form a plurality of wire grooves.

[0019] Different wire slots can be separated by protrusions, which can improve isolation and reduce loss and interference.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the protrusion, the first solid portion, and the portion of the main body located between the protrusion and the first solid portion form a first wire groove among multiple wire grooves; the protrusion, the second solid portion, and the portion of the main body located between the protrusion and the second solid portion form a second wire groove among multiple wire grooves.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the protrusion includes a first wall and a second wall that are arranged opposite to each other and a connecting wall for connecting the first wall and the second wall; the first wall is close to the first solid part, and the first wall is arranged opposite to the first solid part; the second wall is close to the second solid part, and the second wall is arranged opposite to the second solid part; the first wall, the second wall and the connecting wall form a third wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves.

[0022] The cavity formed by the protrusion can also be used as a wire trough to layout the feeder line, which can improve the routing density of the feed network.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion; the first protrusion, the first solid portion, and the portion of the main body located between the first protrusion and the first solid portion form a first wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves; the second protrusion, the second solid portion, and the portion of the main body located between the second protrusion and the second solid portion form a second wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves; the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the portion of the main body located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion form a third wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, an end of the first entity part away from the radiation unit is connected to the main body, an end of the second entity part away from the radiation unit is connected to the main body, and the protrusion protrudes toward the radiation unit; or, an end of the first entity part close to the radiation unit is connected to the main body, an end of the second entity part close to the radiation unit is connected to the main body, and the protrusion protrudes away from the radiation unit.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, an extension direction of the first entity part starting from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part is opposite to an extension direction of the second entity part starting from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part, and the first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part form a plurality of wire grooves.

[0026] In this way, the feeding network can be arranged on both sides of the frequency selective surface, which facilitates the flexible arrangement of the feeding network.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first entity part extends from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction close to the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit; or, the first entity part extends from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction close to the radiation unit.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the third entity part includes a first sub-part, a second sub-part, and a third sub-part for connecting the first sub-part and the second sub-part; one of the first sub-part and the second sub-part is connected to an end of the first entity part away from the second entity part in a first direction, and the other of the first sub-part and the second sub-part is connected to an end of the second entity part away from the first entity part in the first direction, and the first direction is a position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selection surface; the first sub-part, the first entity part, and the third sub-part form a first wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves; the second sub-part, the second entity part, and the third sub-part form a second wire groove among a plurality of wire grooves.

[0029] This is helpful to increase the width of the first wiring groove and the second wiring groove, so as to adapt to different wiring widths.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the third entity part includes a main body and a first protrusion, a second protrusion and a third protrusion protruding from the surface of the main body, the first entity part and the second entity part are respectively connected to the main body, and the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion are located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located; the protrusion direction of the first protrusion is the same as the protrusion direction of the second protrusion, and the protrusion direction of the third protrusion is opposite to the protrusion direction of the second protrusion; the protrusions among the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion that are arranged opposite to the first entity part, the first entity part and the main body form a first wire groove among multiple wire grooves; the protrusions among the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion that are arranged opposite to the second entity part, the second entity part and the main body form a second wire groove among multiple wire grooves; the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the main body form a third wire groove among multiple wire grooves.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the wire trough includes an opening toward the radiating unit, and the feeder line of the feeding network accommodated in the wire trough and the radiating unit are arranged on the same side of the first frequency selective surface; or the wire trough includes an opening away from the radiating unit, and the feeder line of the feeding network accommodated in the wire trough and the radiating unit are arranged on different sides of the first frequency selective surface.

[0032] When the wire trough includes an opening toward the radiation unit, the feeder wire can be embedded into the wire trough from the side where the radiation unit is located, which is convenient for assembly. When the wire trough includes an opening away from the radiation unit, it is conducive to flexible layout of the feed network.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the routing form of the feeder line accommodated in the wire trough is any one of the following: the bottom wall of the wire trough serves as a microstrip line of the ground plate; at least one side wall of the wire trough and the bottom wall of the wire trough serve as a microstrip line of the ground plate; a differential line arranged at an angle to the bottom wall of the wire trough.

[0034] The microstrip line has a simple process and is convenient for signal routing. In addition, when at least two inner walls of the wire slot are used as ground planes, it is conducive to the layout of wider feed lines for impedance matching and can also reduce losses. Differential lines have higher anti-interference ability and lower bit error rate.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the feeder wire accommodated in the conductor duct forms a phase shifter with the conductor duct.

[0036] The signal line of the phase shifter is embedded in the wire groove, and the wall of the wire groove forms a shield for the signal line of the phase shifter, which can realize the electromagnetic invisibility of the phase shifter component to the rear antenna, reduce or avoid the electromagnetic shielding of the phase shifter component to the rear antenna, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the multi-band antenna system.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a phase-shifting medium is provided in the wire trough; or the feeder line accommodated in the wire trough includes a first feeder segment and a second feeder segment that are relatively arranged and an insulating layer located between the first feeder segment and the second feeder segment, the first feeder segment is coupled to the second feeder segment, and the first feeder segment and the second feeder segment can move relative to each other.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the feeder wire accommodated in the wire trough is a serpentine wire.

[0039] This can extend the current path and lengthen the trace, especially when space is limited, which is beneficial to increase the phase shift of the signal line and facilitate flexible matching with impedance.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the feeder wire accommodated in the wire duct is embedded in the wire duct through the first supporting structure.

[0041] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the plurality of aperture units further include a third aperture unit adjacent to the first aperture unit, and the first aperture unit is located between the second aperture unit and the third aperture unit; the metal entity between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit includes a first entity portion, a second entity portion and a third entity portion; the metal entity between the first aperture unit and the third aperture unit includes a fourth entity portion, a fifth entity portion and a sixth entity portion; the surface where the fourth entity portion is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the fifth entity portion is located, and the sixth entity portion is located between the surface where the fourth entity portion is located and the surface where the fifth entity portion is located; the fourth entity portion is close to the first aperture unit, the fourth entity portion is connected to the sixth entity portion and is arranged at an angle; the fifth entity portion is close to the third aperture unit, the fifth entity portion is connected to the sixth entity portion and is arranged at an angle; the first entity portion and the fourth entity portion are connected through a first bridge portion and a second bridge portion, the first bridge portion and the second bridge portion are arranged at intervals in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first aperture unit, the second aperture unit and the third aperture unit, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selective surface.

[0042] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first entity part includes a first end and a second end arranged along the second direction, the fourth entity part includes a third end and a fourth end arranged along the second direction, the first end and the third end are located on the same side, and the second end and the fourth end are located on the same side; the first bridging portion connects the first end of the first entity part and the third end of the fourth entity part, and the second bridging portion connects the second end of the first entity part and the fourth end of the fourth entity part to form a through hole between the first entity part, the fourth entity part, the first bridging portion and the second bridging portion.

[0043] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first bridging portion connects the end surface of the first end in the first direction with the end surface of the third end in the first direction, or the first bridging portion connects the end surface of the first end in the second direction with the end surface of the third end in the second direction; and / or the second bridging portion connects the end surface of the second end in the first direction with the end surface of the fourth end in the first direction, or the second bridging portion connects the end surface of the second end in the second direction with the end surface of the fourth end in the second direction.

[0044] In this way, the shape of the wire groove between the first aperture unit and the adjacent aperture unit can be flexibly designed, which not only facilitates the flexible layout of the wiring, but also ensures the frequency-selective wave-transmitting performance of the frequency selective surface.

[0045] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the through hole is a first aperture unit.

[0046] A high-pass frequency selective surface allows high-frequency components in a signal to pass through while attenuating low-frequency components in the signal.

[0047] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, an embedded portion is provided in the through hole, a projection of the embedded portion in the first direction is located within a projection range of the through hole in the first direction, and a gap between the through hole and the embedded portion forms a first aperture unit.

[0048] A bandpass frequency selective surface can allow components in a certain frequency range in the signal to pass through, while attenuating frequency components in other ranges.

[0049] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the embedded portion and the first bridging portion and / or the second bridging portion are located in the same plane; or, the surface where the embedded portion is located is parallel to the surface where the first bridging portion and / or the surface where the second bridging portion is located.

[0050] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency selective surface includes multiple frequency selective unit structures, each of the multiple frequency selective unit structures includes an aperture unit among multiple aperture units and a solid portion for forming a corresponding aperture unit; wherein the multiple frequency selective unit structures include a first frequency selective unit structure and a second frequency selective unit structure, the first frequency selective unit structure includes a first aperture unit and a solid portion for forming the first aperture unit, and the second frequency selective unit structure includes a second aperture unit and a solid portion for forming the second aperture unit.

[0051] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the entity portion of the first frequency selection unit structure is a U-shaped groove with overlapping edges, and the overlapping edges and the side walls of the U-shaped groove are part of the metal entity between adjacent aperture units, which are used to form a wire groove, and a through hole is opened on the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove.

[0052] In this way, when a plurality of first frequency selection unit structures are combined together, a conductor trough with a relatively large length can be formed, thereby being able to adapt to the layout of a relatively long wiring, and the wiring can always be in the conductor trough, and the shielding performance is better.

[0053] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the solid portion of the first frequency selection unit structure includes a substrate having a through hole and a first side portion extending from the surface of the substrate in a direction intersecting with the surface where the substrate is located, and the first side portion is arranged around at least a portion of the edge of the through hole.

[0054] When the first side stand is arranged around the entire edge of the through hole, a wire groove can be formed between any two adjacent aperture units, which is convenient for flexible layout of wiring. When the first side stand is arranged around a portion of the edge of the through hole, the wire groove can be arranged only in the wiring area, which can reduce the weight of the frequency selective surface and help reduce costs.

[0055] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a direction intersecting with the surface where the substrate is located is a position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selective surface.

[0056] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the through hole is a first aperture unit; or the solid part of the first frequency selection unit structure also includes an embedded part located in the through hole, the projection of the embedded part in the first direction is located within the projection range of the through hole in the first direction, the gap between the through hole and the embedded part forms the first aperture unit, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selection surface.

[0057] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the solid portion of the first frequency selection unit structure further includes a second side portion extending from the surface of the embedded portion along a direction intersecting the surface where the embedded portion is located.

[0058] Providing the second side stand is beneficial to optimizing the performance of the frequency selective surface.

[0059] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency selection unit structure is the same as the second frequency selection unit structure; or the first frequency selection unit structure is different from the second frequency selection unit structure.

[0060] The frequency selective surface includes a frequency selective unit structure of a structural type, which can simplify the processing technology of the frequency selective surface and reduce the production cost. The frequency selective surface includes frequency selective unit structures of multiple structural types, which can form a variety of wire groove shapes and facilitate flexible layout of wiring.

[0061] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the antenna further includes: a second frequency selective surface, and the second frequency selective surface is stacked with the first frequency selective surface.

[0062] Multiple layers of frequency selective surfaces stacked together can produce excellent passband characteristics.

[0063] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second frequency selective surface is a planar frequency selective surface.

[0064] In a second aspect, an antenna system is provided, including a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna is located in front of the radiation direction of the second antenna, and the first antenna is the antenna described in the first aspect and any one of the implementation methods of the first aspect, and the operating frequency band of the first antenna is lower than the operating frequency band of the second antenna.

[0065] The frequency selective surface in the first antenna includes a wire groove embedded in the transmission line, which can shield the transmission line, thereby reducing or avoiding the influence of the induced current generated in the transmission line on the performance of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the multi-band antenna system.

[0066] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising the antenna described in the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect, or comprising the antenna system described in the second aspect.

[0067] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module is used to send a radio frequency signal to an antenna or an antenna system.

[0068] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the communication device also includes an energy device, and the energy device is used to provide electrical energy to the radio frequency module and the antenna or antenna system.

[0069] In a fourth aspect, a base station is provided, comprising the communication device described in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.

[0070] In a fifth aspect, a communication system is provided, including a terminal device; the communication device described in the third aspect and any possible implementation method of the third aspect, or the base station described in the fourth aspect.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the devices involved in the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the relevant description of the first aspect, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] Figure 3It is a schematic structural block diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna stacking solution applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0077] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Figure 8 It is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0080] Fig. 9 It is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0081] Fig.10 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frequency selective surface provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Fig.11 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frequency selective surface provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0083] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the routing form of the feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Fig.13 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0085] Fig.14 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0086] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0087] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0088] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the routing form of the feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0089] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the support form of the feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0090] Fig.19 It is a schematic top view of a frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0091] Fig. 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0092] Fig.21 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0093] Fig. 22 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0094] Fig.23 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0095] Fig.24 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure splicing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0096] Fig.25 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] Fig.26 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0098] Fig. 27 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] Fig.28 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0100] Fig.29 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0101] Fig.30 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure splicing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0102] Fig.31 It is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure splicing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0103] Fig.32 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0104] Fig.33 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0105] Fig.34 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0106] Fig.35 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0107] Fig.36 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0108] Fig.37 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the line loss benefit of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0109] Fig.38 It is a schematic diagram of simulation of the wave transmission effect of the frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0110] Fig.39 It is a schematic diagram of direction simulation of a second antenna located behind the first antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0111] Fig.40 This is a schematic diagram of feeder loss simulation of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0113] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be used as limitations on the present application. The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0114] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "horizontal", "vertical", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships that are defined relative to the orientations or positions of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for description and clarification relative to the drawings, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. It may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components placed in the drawings, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the "vertical" involved in the present application is not vertical in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range.

[0115] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The multiple embodiments provided in this application can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments. The new embodiments obtained by combining multiple embodiments also fall within the technical scope disclosed in this application.

[0116] It should also be noted that the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components or parts in the embodiments of the present application. For the same parts in the embodiments of the present application, only one of the parts or components may be marked with a reference numeral in the figure. It should be understood that the reference numerals are also applicable to other identical parts or components. In addition, the drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale, and the sizes and dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0117] For ease of understanding, the technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained and described below.

[0118] 1. Radiating unit

[0119] The radiation unit is a component in the antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. Specifically, the radiation unit can convert the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or convert radio waves into waveguide energy, thereby radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiation unit via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiation unit and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiation unit converts a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, and transmits it to the input end of the receiver via the feeder line.

[0120] The radiation unit may also be referred to as an antenna element, an element, etc. The radiation unit is a basic unit constituting an antenna array.

[0121] 2. Reflector

[0122] The reflector can also be called a floor, a bottom plate, an antenna panel, a metal reflective surface, etc. The reflector is generally a metal plate, which will have an electrical effect on the antenna. For example, the reflector can be used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal, reflect the antenna signal and focus it on the receiving point, thereby enhancing the receiving and transmitting capabilities of the antenna, and also block and shield the interference of radio waves from the back of the reflector (the direction opposite to the radiation direction of the antenna) to the antenna, thereby enhancing the directivity of the antenna.

[0123] The reflector can also serve as the main structure of the antenna, used to carry the antenna array and feeding network.

[0124] 3. Frequency selective surface (FSS)

[0125] FSS is a thin, periodic dielectric surface that is used to reflect, transmit or absorb electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency. The frequency selective surface can be regarded as an optical filter, and its filtering function is achieved through the regular, periodic pattern (for example, metal, dielectric, etc.) on the frequency selective surface. Depending on the structure of the frequency selective surface, the frequency selective surface also has the characteristics of changing with the incident angle and polarization properties. In some scenarios, FSS is also referred to as a periodic surface.

[0126] FSS is a periodic array structure composed of a large number of passive resonant units, which is composed of periodically arranged metal patch units or periodically arranged metal aperture units on a metal screen. This surface can exhibit total reflection or total transmission characteristics near the unit resonant frequency, and can effectively control the transmission and reflection of the incident electromagnetic wave. In other words, FSS is essentially a passive spatial filter, which exhibits obvious bandpass or bandstop filtering characteristics when interacting with electromagnetic waves, and thus has a specific frequency selection effect.

[0127] There are usually two types of FSS: patch type and aperture type. The patch type (or dielectric type) is a metal patch unit periodically pasted on the dielectric substrate layer. It is reflective to the incident wave under resonance. It is generally used as a band-stop filter (suppresses signals in a specific frequency band and passes signals of other frequencies). Its equivalent circuit is a capacitor and an inductor in series, with the characteristics of low-frequency transmission and high-frequency reflection. The aperture type (or slot type or waveguide type) is a periodic slot opening on a metal plate. It is transmissive to the incident wave under resonance. It is generally used as a bandpass filter (allows signals in a specified frequency band to pass and suppresses signals of other frequencies). Its equivalent circuit is a capacitor and an inductor in parallel, with the characteristics of low-frequency reflection and high-frequency transmission.

[0128] According to the different frequency range, selectivity, thickness and structure required by FSS, different preparation methods can be used to prepare FSS, and according to the difference in preparation methods, FSS can be composed of different materials. For example, FSS can be made of electrolyte materials such as polyimide and glass fiber.

[0129] 4. Feeding network

[0130] The feed network is an important component of the antenna, connecting the antenna port and the radiating unit to form a signal transmission path, which can realize impedance matching, amplitude and phase distribution and other functions. The main function of the feed network is to feed the signal from the transmitter to the radiating unit according to a certain amplitude and phase, or to send the wireless signal received from the radiating unit to the receiver according to a certain amplitude and phase. The feed network usually includes a controlled impedance transmission line. In some embodiments, the feed network may also include a phase shifter. In some embodiments, the feed network may also include devices such as combiners and filters.

[0131] 5. Phase shifter

[0132] Phase shifters are devices used to change the feeding phase and amplitude of each radiating element in the antenna array. Phase shifters can change the phase difference of the radiating element so that the vertical beam of the antenna forms a specific downtilt angle, thereby flexibly changing the coverage of the beam. Phase shifters are part of the feed network. Generally, the feed network can include a power divider and a phase shifter connected to each branch of the power divider.

[0133] Phase shifters can be divided into dielectric phase shifters and physical phase shifters. Dielectric phase shifters achieve phase shifting by changing the wavelength of the waveguide. Physical phase shifters achieve phase shifting by changing the length of the electromagnetic wave transmission path.

[0134] 6. Antenna Array

[0135] An antenna array is an array structure composed of at least one radiating unit arranged according to a certain geometric rule, wherein the at least one radiating unit works through a common feeding network.

[0136] 7. Multi-array antenna

[0137] The multi-array antenna includes multiple antenna arrays, each antenna array corresponds to a set of feeding networks, and the feeding networks corresponding to different antenna arrays are independent. For the purpose of distinction, each antenna array in the multi-array antenna can be called a sub-array.

[0138] 8. Passive antenna

[0139] A passive antenna is an antenna composed entirely of passive components (such as passive radiators, passive impedance matching, passive baluns, passive tuning, etc.).

[0140] 9. Active antenna

[0141] The active antenna integrates a receiving antenna module, a low-noise amplifier module, a power supply module, etc. It is powered by a fixed low-voltage regulated power supply, which can improve sensitivity and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0142] 10. Ground (GND)

[0143] "Ground" can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in a communication device, or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in a communication device. Specifically, grounding means that the components are coupled to the above ground / ground layer in any way.

[0144] 11. Resonant frequency

[0145] The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency, which can refer to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency.

[0146] 12. Resonance frequency band / communication frequency band / working frequency band

[0147] Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). In this application, the frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

[0148] 13. Sky surface

[0149] The antenna surface is the aperture surface of the antenna, which can be understood as the area where the antenna emits signals.

[0150] 14. Antenna Directivity

[0151] The directivity of an antenna refers to its ability to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves in different directions in space, and is usually represented by a radiation pattern.

[0152] 15. Antenna pattern

[0153] The antenna pattern, also known as the radiation pattern, refers to a graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field varies with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0154] 16. Antenna gain

[0155] The gain of an antenna refers to the ratio of the radiated power density of the antenna in a certain direction to the radiated power density of a reference antenna (usually an ideal radiation point source) at the same input power. It is used to measure the ability of an antenna to send and receive signals in a specific direction. The gain is closely related to the antenna pattern. The narrower the main lobe of the pattern and the smaller the side lobe, the higher the gain.

[0156] 17. Mechanical connection

[0157] Mechanical connection refers to the structural connection between two parts. Mechanical connection can be divided into direct mechanical connection and indirect mechanical connection.

[0158] Direct mechanical connection means that two parts are directly in contact and connected, for example, part A and part B are directly connected by one or more of the following methods: welding, clamping, riveting, bonding, abutting and locking (such as threaded locking).

[0159] Indirect mechanical connection means that two components are connected through one or more other components. For example, component A and component B are connected through component C, where component A and component C can be directly mechanically connected, and / or component B and component C can be directly mechanically connected.

[0160] 18. Electrical connection

[0161] Electrical connection can also be called electrical connection or electrical connection, which means that two components can conduct energy to each other. For example, electrical signals can be conducted between two components; for example, energy can be transmitted between two components through induction magnetic field. Electrical connection can be divided into direct electrical connection and indirect electrical connection.

[0162] Direct electrical connection may refer to a mechanical connection between two components, and the two components can conduct energy to each other.

[0163] Indirect electrical connection can also be called coupling connection. Through coupling connection, energy transmission or exchange can be achieved. In some embodiments, component A and component B are coupled and connected, which may mean that the distance between component A and component B is relatively close, component A and component B may not be directly mechanically connected, and there is no interfering medium between component A and component B, for example, there is no conductor medium interference between component A and component B, and the energy radiated by component A can be transmitted to component B through the space between component A and component B.

[0164] 19. Hole or aperture

[0165] A hole or aperture is a missing and enclosed portion of a solid object.

[0166] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 may include a base station 101 and a terminal 102 , and wireless communication may be implemented between the base station 101 and the terminal 102 .

[0167] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal 102 may refer to a user device, an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent or a user device. As an example and not a limitation, the terminal 102 may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile communication network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present application, the base station 101 may also be referred to as an access network device. The base station 101 may be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (Evolved universal terrestrial radio access, E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage for signals to achieve communication between a terminal and a wireless network. As an example but not limitation, base station 101 can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA), or a node B (NodeB, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a next generation node basestation (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, and network equipment in future networks, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0169] In the embodiment of the present application, the base station 101 is configured with an antenna system to realize the transmission of signals in space. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an antenna system configured on the base station 101 is shown.

[0170] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna system 200 may include structures such as an antenna 201 and an antenna bracket 202. In some embodiments, the antenna 201 may be fixed to a pole 203 of the base station 101 (in some scenarios, the pole 203 may also be referred to as an iron tower) by means of the antenna bracket 202.

[0171] In some embodiments, the antenna system 200 may include an antenna cover 204, which covers the antenna 201. The antenna cover 204 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance, and can withstand the influence of external harsh environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the antenna 201 from the influence of the external environment. For example, the antenna cover 204 can reduce the wind load (wind load refers to the pressure exerted by air flow on the engineering structure, also known as wind dynamic pressure, wind load, etc.) borne by the antenna 201. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the radome 204 can be mounted on the pole 203 via the antenna bracket 202, so as to facilitate the reception or transmission of signals by the antenna 201. The radome 204 can be disposed on the radiation unit of the antenna 201 by, for example, electroplating, spraying, or the like.

[0172] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna system 200 may further include a signal processing device, which may be used to transmit a signal through the antenna 201. Specifically, the signal processing device sends a signal through the antenna 201, and / or the signal processing device receives a signal through the antenna 201. In some embodiments, the signal processing device may include a radio frequency processing unit 205 and a baseband processing unit 206. The baseband processing unit 206 may be electrically connected to the antenna 201 through the radio frequency processing unit 205. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 205 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 206 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU). The radio frequency processing unit 205 and the baseband processing unit 206 may be electrically connected through a transmission line 207.

[0173] It should be noted that Figure 2 The positional relationship between the radio frequency processing unit 205 and the antenna 201 is shown only as an example. In some other embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 205 and the baseband processing unit 206 may both be located at the far end of the antenna 201 .

[0174] Antenna 201 is a connection device between the wireless network RF front end and the terminal 102, and is mainly used to achieve cell coverage of wireless signals. Specifically, antenna 201 is an information energy converter between base station 101 and terminal 102, which is used to convert modulated RF current energy into electromagnetic wave energy and transmit it, and to receive electromagnetic wave energy and effectively convert it into RF current energy and transmit it to the main device. Therefore, base station 101 can send signals to terminal 102 through antenna 201, or receive signals sent by terminal 102 through antenna 201.

[0175] Figure 3: shows a schematic structural block diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that Figure 3 The antenna 300 shown may be Figure 2 A specific example of antenna 201 is shown.

[0176] like Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 300 may include a radiation unit 301, a reflector 302, and a feed network 303. The radiation unit 301 may be a unit constituting a radiation unit array, which can effectively radiate and / or receive antenna signals. The frequencies of different radiation units 301 may be the same or different. The reflector 302 is used to constrain the direction. The radiation unit 301 is usually arranged on one side of the reflector 302. The feed network 303 is located between the radiation unit 301 and the reflector 302. Figure 2 The power amplifier of the radio frequency processing unit 205 is shown. The feeding network 303 can feed the radiation unit 301 through the transmission line 304, for example, to provide the radiation unit 301 with a specific power and phase.

[0177] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 As shown, the feed network 303 may include a power divider 3031 (or combiner 3032) that can be used in a forward direction or a reverse direction, and is used to divide one signal into multiple signals or combine multiple signals into one. The feed network 303 may also include a filter 3033 for filtering out interference signals. For the electrically adjustable antenna, the feed network 303 may also include a transmission component 3034 and a phase shifter 3035, the transmission component 3034 is used to achieve different radiation beam pointing, and the phase shifter 3035 is used to change the maximum direction of signal radiation. In some cases, the phase shifter 3035 may also have the function of the power divider 3031 (or combiner 3032), so that the power divider 3031 (or combiner 3032) can be omitted in the feed network 303.

[0178] In some embodiments, the feeding network 303 may further include a calibration network 3036 to obtain a required calibration signal.

[0179] In the embodiment of the present application, different components included in the feeding network 303 may be electrically connected via transmission lines and connectors.

[0180] It should be noted that the power divider 3031 (or combiner 3032) can be located at Figure 2 The inside or outside of the antenna cover 204 shown. In addition, the electrical connection relationship between the various components mentioned above is not unique. Figure 3 Only one possible positional relationship and electrical connection mode of various components is schematically shown.

[0181] With the development of communication technology, the demand for capacity in mobile communications continues to increase, and multi-frequency base station antennas (including multiple antennas with different operating frequency bands) have become the mainstream trend in the industry. Considering the limited resources of base station sites, as well as the consideration of factors such as rent and wind load (corresponding to the size of the windward surface of the antenna) for base station deployment, multi-frequency base station antennas are mostly deployed in an integrated manner, that is, multiple antennas with different operating frequency bands are stacked and arranged. Figure 4 As shown, in a stacking solution, multiple antennas can be stacked front to back (which can be understood as multiple antennas being stacked), for example Figure 4 The antenna 401 and the antenna 402 are stacked front to back. More specifically, the antenna 401 and the antenna 402 are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the reflection surface of the reflection plate.

[0182] In order to avoid electromagnetic shielding between antennas and affect antenna performance, frequency selective surfaces are usually used as reflectors for multi-frequency base station antennas. Frequency selective surfaces are essentially a spatial filter, which is composed of a periodic structure with a specific shape (such as periodically arranged metal patches or periodically arranged metal apertures). They can achieve frequency selective propagation of incident electromagnetic waves according to actual needs, thereby presenting bandpass and bandstop filtering characteristics and effectively controlling the reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves. For example, Figure 4 Taking the antenna shown as an example, the reflector of antenna 401 may adopt a frequency selective surface, which can constrain and direct the radiation of the front antenna 401, and can also transmit waves to the rear antenna 402. However, in the scenario where multiple antennas are stacked front and back, in addition to the reflector, other components of the front antenna, such as the feeding network, the phase shifting component, etc., may also block the rear antenna, thereby affecting the performance of the rear antenna.

[0183] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna that can reduce or avoid electromagnetic shielding of the antenna to the rear, thereby reducing the impact on the performance of other antennas, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the multi-band antenna system.

[0184] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the antenna 500 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. More specifically, Figure 5 (a) shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna 500, Figure 5 (b) in FIG. 5 shows a schematic top view of the antenna 500. Figure 5 (c) shows a local enlarged schematic diagram A of the antenna 500. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an exploded view of an antenna 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0185] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the antenna 500 may include a radiation unit 501, a frequency selective surface 502 and a feeding network 503. The radiation unit 501 is arranged on one side of the frequency selective surface 502 for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. Accordingly, the frequency selective surface 502 is arranged on one side of the radiation unit 501. The feeding network 503 is electrically connected to the radiation unit 501. The frequency selective surface 502 includes periodically arranged aperture units 60 and a connecting portion 70 located between the aperture units 60, and the connecting portion 70 can be used to connect two adjacent aperture units 60. In other words, a plurality of aperture units 60 and a connecting portion 70 between a plurality of aperture units 60 can together constitute the frequency selective surface 502, and the connecting portion 70 between a plurality of aperture units can form a grid. In some scenarios, the connecting portion 70 on the frequency selective surface 502 can be regarded as a physical part of the frequency selective surface 502, and the aperture unit 60 can be regarded as a slot opened on the frequency selective surface 502 for presenting transmittance to the incident wave. The material of the connection portion 70 can be determined according to the frequency selective surface 502, for example, it can be a metal or a dielectric, etc. The structure of the frequency selective surface 502 is further described below.

[0186] refer to Figure 5 As shown in (c) of FIG. 5 , the periodically arranged aperture unit 60 includes adjacent first aperture units 61 and second aperture units 62, wherein a solid portion 71 is spaced between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62, and the solid portion 71 may be provided with (or formed with) a wire groove 72, and the wire groove 72 is used to provide a routing path for the feeding network 503. Figure 5 As shown in (c) in FIG. 5 , part of the feeding wires of the feeding network 503 are accommodated in the wire duct 72 .

[0187] For ease of description, the entity portion 71 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 may also be referred to as a first connection portion, and the first connection portion 71 is a part of the aforementioned connection portion 70, or in other words, the connection portion 70 includes the first connection portion 71. Here, the entity portion 71 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 is made of metal material, and for ease of description and understanding, in some embodiments, the entity portion 71 may also be referred to as a metal entity 71 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62.

[0188] In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency selective surface 502 serves as a reflector of the antenna 500, and can transmit waves to the antenna disposed behind the antenna 500. The frequency selective surface 502 is a three-dimensional frequency selective surface, on which a wire groove 72 for accommodating a feeder line is disposed, and the wall of the wire groove 72 serves as a signal reference ground for the feeder line embedded therein, and can form a shield for the line, thereby reducing or avoiding the electromagnetic influence of the induced current generated on the feeder line on the antenna disposed behind the antenna 500. In addition, the wall of the wire groove 72 forms a shield for the line, which can reduce or avoid the occurrence of line resonance problems, thereby reducing line loss.

[0189] In other words, the frequency selective surface 502 provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce or avoid the influence of the induced current generated on the feeding network 503 on the performance of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rear antenna, and at the same time can transmit waves to the rear antenna, thereby reducing or avoiding the electromagnetic shielding of the rear antenna by the antenna 500, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the rear antenna and the entire multi-band antenna system.

[0190] In the embodiment of the present application, there are many ways to set the wire groove 72. Figures 7 to 11 A detailed introduction is given, including Figures 7 to 11 A schematic cross-sectional view of a frequency selective surface provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0191] exist Figures 7 to 11 In the example, the metal entity 71 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 includes a first entity part 711, a second entity part 712 and a third entity part 713. The surface where the first entity part 711 is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the second entity part 712 is located, and the third entity part 713 is located between the surface where the first entity part 711 is located and the surface where the second entity part 712 is located. The first entity part 711 is close to the first aperture unit 61, and the first entity part 711 is connected to the third entity part 713 and is arranged at an angle. The second entity part 712 is close to the second aperture unit 62, and the second entity part 712 is connected to the third entity part 713 and is arranged at an angle. The first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 can form one or more wire grooves 72. Further description is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0192] As an example, see Figure 7As shown, the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 are separated by a first connecting portion 71 (i.e., a metal entity 71 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62), i.e., the first connecting portion 71 is located between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62. The first connecting portion 71 may include a first entity portion 711, a second entity portion 712, and a third entity portion 713, wherein the first entity portion 711 is close to the first aperture unit 61, the second entity portion 712 is close to the second aperture unit 62, the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712 are arranged opposite to each other, the first entity portion 711 and the third entity portion 713 are connected and arranged at an angle, the second entity portion 712 and the third entity portion 713 are connected and arranged at an angle, and the third entity portion 713 is located between the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712. The first entity portion 711 , the second entity portion 712 and the third entity portion 713 may form a wire trough 72 . The feeding network 503 may include a first feeding line 81 , which is accommodated in the wire trough 72 .

[0193] In the embodiment of the present application, the first entity part 711 and the third entity part 713 mentioned above are arranged at an angle, which can be understood as the first entity part 711 and the part on the third entity part 713 used to connect with the first entity part 711 are arranged at an angle, such as vertically or obliquely. Similarly, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 are arranged at an angle, which can be understood as the second entity part 712 and the part on the third entity part 713 used to connect with the second entity part 712 are arranged at an angle, such as vertically or obliquely.

[0194] In some scenarios, the third entity portion 713 includes at least a main body portion, which can be regarded as the bottom surface of the wire groove, and the first entity portion 711 and the third entity portion 713 are set at an angle, which can be understood as the first entity portion 711 and the bottom surface of the wire groove are set at an angle (for example, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, etc.), and the first entity portion 711 can be regarded as the side wall of the wire groove. Similarly, the second entity portion 712 and the third entity portion 713 are set at an angle, which can be understood as the second entity portion 712 and the bottom surface of the wire groove are set at an angle (for example, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, etc.), and the second entity portion 712 can also be regarded as the side wall of the wire groove.

[0195] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the first entity portion 711 starting from the end where the first entity portion 711 is connected to the third entity portion 713 (hereinafter referred to as: the first extension direction) is the same as the extension direction of the second entity portion 712 starting from the end where the second entity portion 712 is connected to the third entity portion 713 (hereinafter referred to as: the second extension direction).

[0196] For example, refer to Figure 7 As shown in (a) or (d) in FIG. 1 , the first entity portion 711 extends from an end where the first entity portion 711 is connected to the third entity portion 713 toward the direction close to the radiation unit 501, and the second entity portion 712 extends from an end where the second entity portion 712 is connected to the third entity portion 713 toward the direction close to the radiation unit 501. In other words, both the first extension direction and the second extension direction are directions toward the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 7 The positive direction of the X axis.

[0197] For example, reference Figure 7 As shown in (b) or (c) in FIG. 1 , the first entity portion 711 extends from an end where the first entity portion 711 is connected to the third entity portion 713 in a direction away from the radiation unit 501, and the second entity portion 712 extends from an end where the second entity portion 712 is connected to the third entity portion 713 in a direction away from the radiation unit 501. In other words, both the first extension direction and the second extension direction are directions away from the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 7 The negative direction of the X axis.

[0198] In some embodiments, the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 may be located in the same plane. Figure 7 As shown in (a) in FIG. 1 , the same plane may be the plane where the third entity portion 713 is located ( Figure 7 The same plane can be parallel to the YZ plane in Figure 7 Alternatively, the same plane may be located at any position between an end of the first entity portion 711 connected to the third entity portion 713 and an end of the first entity portion 711 away from the third entity portion 713. For ease of description, the plane where the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 are located may be referred to as plane #1.

[0199] The following takes the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 located in plane #1 as an example for further explanation.

[0200] In some embodiments, plane #1 can be considered as Figure 7The first solid portion 711 and the second solid portion 712 extend relative to plane #1 in a direction close to the radiation unit 501, for example Figure 7 Alternatively, the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712 extend in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1, for example Figure 7 In other words, Figure 7 In (a) and (c), the first extension direction and the second extension direction are both directions away from plane #1 and close to the radiation unit 501; Figure 7 In (b) and (d), the first extension direction and the second extension direction are both directions close to plane #1 and close to the radiation unit 501.

[0201] In some embodiments, one end of the first entity portion 711 close to plane #1 is connected to the third entity portion 713, and one end of the second entity portion 712 close to plane #1 is connected to the third entity portion 713, for example Figure 7 Alternatively, the end of the first entity portion 711 away from the plane #1 is connected to the third entity portion 713, and the end of the second entity portion 712 away from the plane #1 is connected to the third entity portion 713, for example Figure 7 As shown in (c) and (d) in .

[0202] In some embodiments, the third solid portion 713 is located in plane #1, e.g. Figure 7 Alternatively, there is a preset interval between the third entity portion 713 and plane #1, for example Figure 7 As shown in (c) and (d) in .

[0203] In one example, reference Figure 7 In (c), the third entity part 713 can be located between plane #1 and the radiation unit 501, that is, the third entity part 713 is closer to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1, and accordingly, the distance between the third entity part 713 and the radiation unit 501 is smaller than the distance between plane #1 and the radiation unit 501.

[0204] In another example, refer to Figure 7 In (d), plane #1 may be located between the third entity part 713 and the radiation unit 501, that is, plane #1 is closer to the radiation unit 501 relative to the third entity part 713, and accordingly, the distance between the third entity part 713 and the radiation unit 501 is greater than the distance between plane #1 and the radiation unit 501.

[0205] Combination Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the third entity portion 713 may be located in the first plane (or the third entity portion 713 is plate-shaped, sheet-shaped, planar structure, etc.), and the first entity portion 711, the second entity portion 712, and the third entity portion 713 may form a wire groove 72. As an example and not a limitation, the first aperture unit 61 and / or the second aperture unit 62 may be located in the first plane, that is, the first aperture unit 61 and / or the second aperture unit 62 and the third entity portion 713 are located in the same plane (such as the aforementioned plane #1). Alternatively, the projection of the first aperture unit 61 and / or the second aperture unit 62 in the first direction is located in the first plane, wherein the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit 501 and the frequency selective surface 502 (such as Figure 7 That is, the first aperture unit 61 or the second aperture unit 62 may not be in the same plane, but their projections may be projected into the first plane where the third entity portion 713 is located.

[0206] Understandably, Figure 7 The shapes of the first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 shown in are merely exemplary and do not impose any limitation on the specific shapes of the corresponding parts. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, the first connecting portion 71 (such as the first entity part 711, or the second entity part 712, or the third entity part 713) may include a plane and / or a curved surface. In addition, the first aperture unit 61 may not be in a plane, and the second aperture unit 62 may not be in a plane, such as the first aperture unit 61 is formed by a three-dimensional structure, the second aperture unit 62 is formed by a three-dimensional structure, and so on, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0207] In some embodiments, the wire slot 72 may include an opening toward the radiation unit 501, for example Figure 7 As shown in (a) and (d) in the figure, the feeder line (such as the aforementioned first feeder line 81) embedded in the wire groove 72 is located on the same side of the frequency selection surface 502 as the radiation element 501.

[0208] In some other embodiments, the wire slot 72 may include an opening facing away from the radiation element 501 (ie, Figure 7 The negative direction of the X axis), for example Figure 7 As shown in (b) and (c) in the figure, the feeder (such as the aforementioned first feeder 81) embedded in the wire slot 72 is located on a different side of the frequency selective surface 502 from the radiation element 501.

[0209] For ease of understanding, the following takes the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 being located on plane #1 as an example, and explains in combination with a more specific example.

[0210] For example, refer to Figure 7 As shown in (a), the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 extend in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 (such as extending in the positive direction of the X-axis), and the third entity part 713 is located in plane #1 (in this case, plane #1 is an example of the aforementioned first plane, or the first plane is coplanar with plane #1). In other words, the first entity part 711 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the first entity part 711 close to plane #1, and the second entity part 712 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the second entity part 712 close to plane #1. Accordingly, the wire groove 72 may include an opening facing the radiation unit 501 (such as an upper end opening of the wire groove 72). In practical applications, the first feed line 81 may be embedded in the wire groove 72 from the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on the same side of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0211] For example, reference Figure 7 As shown in (b), the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 extend in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 (such as extending in the negative direction of the X-axis), and the third entity part 713 is located in plane #1 (in this case, plane #1 is an example of the first plane mentioned above). In other words, the first entity part 711 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the first entity part 711 close to plane #1, and the second entity part 712 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the second entity part 712 close to plane #1. Accordingly, the wire groove 72 may include an opening away from the radiation unit 501 (such as the lower end opening of the wire groove 72). In practical applications, the first feed line 81 may be embedded in the wire groove 72 from the other side opposite to the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on different sides of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0212] For example, reference Figure 7As shown in (c) in FIG. 1 , the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 extend in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 (e.g., extend in the positive direction of the X-axis), and the plane where the third entity part 713 is located (the plane is an example of the aforementioned first plane) is located between plane #1 and the radiation unit 501. In other words, the first entity part 711 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the first entity part 711 away from plane #1, and the second entity part 712 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity part 713 through an end of the second entity part 712 away from plane #1. Accordingly, the wire groove 72 may include an opening facing away from the radiation unit 501 (e.g., the lower end opening of the wire groove 72). In practical applications, the first feed line 81 may be embedded in the wire groove 72 from the other side opposite to the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on different sides of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0213] For example, reference Figure 7 As shown in (d) in FIG. 1 , the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712 extend in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 (e.g., extending in the negative direction of the X-axis), and plane #1 is located between the plane where the third entity portion 713 is located (the plane is an example of the aforementioned first plane) and the radiation unit 501. In other words, the first entity portion 711 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity portion 713 through an end of the first entity portion 711 away from plane #1, and the second entity portion 712 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the third entity portion 713 through an end of the second entity portion 712 away from plane #1. Accordingly, the wire groove 72 may include an opening toward the radiation unit 501 (e.g., an upper end opening of the wire groove 72). In practical applications, the first feeder 81 may be embedded in the wire groove 72 from the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feeder 81 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on the same side of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0214] The above combination Figure 7 The example of forming a wire groove is introduced. In some other embodiments, the third entity part 713 may include a main body and a protrusion protruding from the surface of the main body. The first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 are respectively connected to the main body. The protrusion is located between the surface where the first entity part 711 is located and the surface where the second entity part 712 is located. The first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 can form a plurality of wire grooves 72. Figures 8 to 10 An exemplary description is given.

[0215] As an example, the first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 may form two wire grooves 72, and the feeder part of the feed network 503 may be accommodated in the two wire grooves 72. Figure 8 Provide explanation.

[0216] It should be noted that the following mainly targets Figure 8 The structure shown is Figure 7 The differences between the structures shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 7 are described in detail, that is, the third entity portion 713 is mainly described. For the introduction of the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712, please refer to FIG. Figure 7 For the sake of brevity, the relevant description in will not be repeated here.

[0217] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 As shown, the third entity part 713 may include a main body 7131 and a protrusion 7132 protruding from the surface of the main body 7131. The first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 are connected to the main body 7131 respectively. Figure 8 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , one end of the first entity part 711 close to the plane #1 is connected to the main body 7131, and one end of the second entity part 712 close to the plane #1 is connected to the main body 7131. Figure 8 As shown in (c) and (d) of FIG. 1 , one end of the first entity part 711 away from plane #1 is connected to the main body 7131, and one end of the second entity part 712 away from plane #1 is connected to the main body 7131. The protrusion 7132 is located between the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712. The main body 7131, the protrusion 7132, the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 can form two wire grooves. For the convenience of description, the two wire grooves are respectively referred to as the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722.

[0218] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown in (a) to (d) in the figure, the third entity part 713 may include a protrusion 7132, wherein the protrusion 7132, the first entity part 711 and the main body 7131 may form a first wire groove 721, and the protrusion 7132, the second entity part 712 and the main body 7131 may form a second wire groove 722. The feeding network 503 may include a first feeding line 81 and a second feeding line 82, wherein the first feeding line 81 may be accommodated in the first wire groove 721, and the second feeding line 82 may be accommodated in the second wire groove 722.

[0219] By way of example and not limitation, Figure 8As shown in (a) to (d) in the figure, the protrusion 7132 may include a first wall 713a and a second wall 713b that are arranged opposite to each other, and a first connecting wall 713c for connecting the first wall 713a and the second wall 713b. The first wall 713a is close to the first entity part 711 and is arranged opposite to the first entity part 711, that is, the first wall 713a faces the first entity part 711, and the first wall 713a, the first entity part 711, and the part of the main body 7131 located between the first wall 713a and the first entity part 711 can form a first wire groove 721. The second wall 713b is close to the second entity part 712 and is arranged opposite to the second entity part 712, that is, the second wall 713b faces the second entity part 712, and the second wall 713b, the second entity part 712, and the part of the main body 7131 located between the second wall 713b and the second entity part 712 can form a second wire groove 722. In other words, the first wall 713 a is a wall shared by the protrusion 7132 and the first wire groove 721 , and the second wall 713 b is a wall shared by the protrusion 7132 and the second wire groove 722 .

[0220] In some embodiments, the body 7131 is located in plane #1, e.g. Figure 8 Alternatively, there is a preset interval between the main body 7131 and the plane #1, for example Figure 8 In one example, reference Figure 8 In (c), the body 7131 may be located between the plane #1 and the radiation unit 501. In another example, referring to Figure 8 In (d), plane #1 can be located between the main body 7131 and the radiation unit 501.

[0221] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 As shown in (a) or (d), the end of the first entity part 711 away from the radiation unit 501 is connected to the main body 7131, the end of the second entity part 712 away from the radiation unit 501 is connected to the main body 7131, and the protrusion 7132 protrudes toward the radiation unit 501.

[0222] In other embodiments, reference Figure 8 As shown in (b) or (c), one end of the first entity part 711 close to the radiation unit 501 is connected to the main body 7131, one end of the second entity part 712 close to the radiation unit 501 is connected to the main body 7131, and the protrusion 7132 protrudes away from the radiation unit 501.

[0223] In some embodiments, the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 each include an opening facing the radiation unit 501, for example Figure 8As shown in (a) and (d) in the figure, the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 embedded in the wire groove are located on the same side of the frequency selection surface 502 as the radiation element 501.

[0224] In some other embodiments, the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 each include an opening facing away from the radiation unit 501, for example Figure 8 As shown in (b) and (c) in FIG. 5 , the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 embedded in the wire groove are located on different sides of the frequency selective surface 502 from the radiation element 501 .

[0225] For ease of understanding, the following takes the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 being located on plane #1 as an example, and explains in combination with a more specific example.

[0226] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown in (a), the main body 7131 is located in plane #1, and the protrusion 7132 is protruded toward the side where the radiation unit 501 is located. The first entity part 711 extends toward the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through one end of the first entity part 711 close to plane #1, and the second entity part 712 extends toward the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through one end of the second entity part 712 close to plane #1. In other words, both the first extension direction and the second extension direction are toward the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 8 Correspondingly, the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 respectively include an opening toward the radiation unit 501. In practical applications, the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 can be respectively embedded in the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 from the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on the same side of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0227] For example, reference Figure 8 As shown in (b), the main body 7131 is located in plane #1, and the protrusion 7132 is protruded in the direction away from the radiation unit 501. The first entity part 711 extends in the direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through one end of the first entity part 711 close to plane #1, and the second entity part 712 extends in the direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through one end of the second entity part 712 close to plane #1. In other words, the first extension direction and the second extension direction are both directions away from the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 8The first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 respectively include openings facing away from the radiation unit 501. In practical applications, the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 can be respectively embedded in the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 from the other side opposite to the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on different sides of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0228] For example, reference Figure 8 As shown in (c), the main body 7131 is located between plane #1 and the radiation unit 501, and the protrusion 7132 is protruded in a direction away from the radiation unit 501. For example, the first connecting wall 713c can be located in plane #1. The first entity part 711 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through an end of the first entity part 711 away from plane #1. The second entity part 712 extends in a direction close to the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through an end of the second entity part 712 away from plane #1. In other words, the first extension direction and the second extension direction are both directions away from the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 8 The first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 respectively include openings facing away from the radiation unit 501. In practical applications, the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 can be respectively embedded in the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 from the other side opposite to the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on different sides of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0229] For example, reference Figure 8 As shown in (d), plane #1 is located between the main body 7131 and the radiation unit 501, and the protrusion 7132 is protruded toward the radiation unit 501. For example, the first connecting wall 713c can be located in plane #1. The first entity part 711 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through an end of the first entity part 711 away from plane #1. The second entity part 712 extends in a direction away from the radiation unit 501 and is connected to the main body 7131 through an end of the second entity part 712 away from plane #1. In other words, both the first extension direction and the second extension direction are directions toward the radiation unit 501, that is, Figure 8Correspondingly, the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 respectively include an opening facing the radiation unit 501. In practical applications, the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 can be respectively embedded in the first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 from the side where the radiation unit 501 is located, wherein the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 and the radiation unit 501 are arranged on the same side of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0230] In some embodiments, a cavity is formed between the first wall 713a, the second wall 713b, and the first connecting wall 713c, for example Figure 8 As shown in (a)-(d) in FIG. 5 , the weight of the frequency selective surface 502 can be reduced, the installation and deployment of the antenna can be facilitated, and the installation cost can be saved.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first wall 713 a , the second wall 713 b and the first connecting wall 713 c may also form a wire groove, such as a third wire groove, and the feeding network 503 may also be routed in the third wire groove.

[0232] As an example but not limitation, the protrusion 7132 can be formed on the surface of the main body 7131 by a vacuum forming process or a sheet metal process. The vacuum forming process or the sheet metal process can be used to manufacture the required frequency selective surface more conveniently and at a low cost, which is particularly advantageous and economical for forming multiple protrusions on a single frequency selective surface.

[0233] In other embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, the protrusion 7132 may be a solid structure. In this way, the distance between the first wall 713a and the second wall 713b, that is, the thickness of the protrusion 7132 may be small, which is conducive to increasing the width of the first wiring groove 721 and the second wiring groove 722, so as to adapt to different wiring widths.

[0234] As an example but not limitation, the protrusion 7132 can be connected to the main body 7131 by welding, bonding, riveting, etc. In this way, in the actual assembly process, the number of protrusions 7132 set on the frequency selection surface can be flexibly adjusted according to the layout of the feed network and the number of required wire grooves.

[0235] As another example, the first entity portion 711, the second entity portion 712, and the third entity portion 713 may form three wire grooves 72, and the feeder line portion of the feed network 503 may be accommodated in the three wire grooves 72. Fig.10 Provide explanation.

[0236] It should be noted that the following mainly targets Fig.10 The structure shown is Figure 8The differences between the structures shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 7 are described in detail, that is, the third entity portion 713 is mainly described. For the introduction of the first entity portion 711 and the second entity portion 712, please refer to FIG. Figure 8 For the sake of brevity, the relevant description in will not be repeated here.

[0237] In some embodiments, reference Fig.10 As shown, the third entity portion 713 may include a main body 7131 and two protrusions protruding from the surface of the main body 7131, such as a first protrusion 7133 and a second protrusion 7134, wherein the protruding direction of the first protrusion 7133 (hereinafter referred to as the first protruding direction) is the same as the protruding direction of the second protrusion 7134 (hereinafter referred to as the second protruding direction), and both are Fig.10 The first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 are connected to the main body 7131 respectively. The first extension direction is the same as the second extension direction. Fig.10 In the positive direction of the X-axis in FIG. 7 , the first protrusion 7133 and the second protrusion 7134 are located between the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712. The body 7131, the first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134, the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 can form three wire grooves. For the convenience of description, the three wire grooves are respectively referred to as the first wire groove 721, the second wire groove 722 and the third wire groove 723.

[0238] like Fig.10 As shown, the first protrusion 7133 and the first entity part 711 and the part of the main body 7131 between the first protrusion 7133 and the first entity part 711 can form a first wire groove 721, the second protrusion 7134 and the second entity part 712 and the part of the main body 7131 between the second protrusion 7134 and the second entity part 712 can form a second wire groove 722, and the first protrusion 7133 and the second protrusion 7134 and the part of the main body 7134 between the first protrusion 7133 and the second protrusion 7134 can form a third wire groove 723. The feeding network 503 may include a first feed line 81, a second feed line 82 and a third feed line 83, wherein the first feed line 81 may be accommodated in the first wire groove 721, the second feed line 82 may be accommodated in the second wire groove 722, and the third feed line 83 may be accommodated in the third wire groove 723.

[0239] By way of example and not limitation, Fig.10As shown, the first protrusion 7133 may include a first wall 713a and a second wall 713b that are arranged opposite to each other, and a first connecting wall 713c for connecting the first wall 713a and the second wall 713b. The first wall 713a is close to the first entity part 711 and is arranged opposite to the first entity part 711. The first wall 713a, the first entity part 711, and the portion of the main body 7131 located between the first wall 713a and the first entity part 711 may form a first wire groove 721. The second protrusion 7134 may include a third wall 713d and a fourth wall 713e that are arranged opposite to each other, and a second connecting wall 713f for connecting the third wall 713d and the fourth wall 713e. The fourth wall 713e is close to the second entity part 712 and is arranged opposite to the second entity part 712. The fourth wall 713e, the second entity part 712, and the portion of the main body 7131 located between the fourth wall 713e and the second entity part 712 may form a second wire groove 722. The second wall 713b of the first protrusion 7133 is disposed opposite to the third wall 713d of the second protrusion 7134, and the second wall 713b, the third wall 713d, and the portion of the body 7131 between the second wall 713b and the third wall 713d may form a third wire groove 723. Here, the first wall 713a is a wall shared by the first protrusion 7133 and the first wire groove 721, the second wall 713b is a wall shared by the first protrusion 7133 and the third wire groove 723, the third wall 713d is a wall shared by the second protrusion 7134 and the third wire groove 723, and the fourth wall 713e is a wall shared by the second protrusion 7134 and the second wire groove 722.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first connecting wall 713c and the second connecting wall 713f may be located in the same plane. For the convenience of description, the plane where the first connecting wall 713c and the second connecting wall 713f are located may be referred to as plane #2.

[0241] In some embodiments, plane #2 may be located between plane #1 and radiation element 501. Alternatively, plane #1 may be located between plane #2 and radiation element 501.

[0242] Understandably, Fig.10 The structure shown is only exemplary. In some other embodiments, for example, Figure 8 Based on the structures shown in (b), (c), and (d) in FIG. 1 , while keeping the arrangement of the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 unchanged, the third entity part 713 can also be replaced by a similar Fig.10 The third solid portion 713 is shown to form three wire grooves between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62, which will not be described in detail here.

[0243] The above embodiments mainly describe the arrangement of the wire groove when the first extension direction is the same as the second extension direction. In other embodiments, the first extension direction is opposite to the second extension direction, and the first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 can form a plurality of wire grooves.

[0244] For example, the first extending direction is a direction close to the radiation unit 501 , and the second extending direction is a direction away from the radiation unit 501 .

[0245] For another example, the first extending direction is a direction away from the radiation unit 501 , and the second extending direction is a direction close to the radiation unit 501 .

[0246] An exemplary description is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0247] In some embodiments, reference Fig.11 As shown in (a), the third entity part 713 may include a main body 7131 and three protrusions protruding from the surface of the main body 7131, such as a first protrusion 7133, a second protrusion 7134 and a third protrusion 7135. The first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 are respectively connected to the main body 7131, and the first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134 and the third protrusion 7135 are located between the surface where the first entity part 711 is located and the surface where the second entity part 712 is located. The protrusion direction of two of the three protrusions is the same, and the protrusion direction of the other protrusion is opposite to the protrusion direction of the two protrusions. Exemplarily, the first protrusion direction is the same as the second protrusion direction, and the third protrusion direction (the protrusion direction of the third protrusion 7135) is opposite to the second protrusion direction. The first extension direction is opposite to the second extension direction, that is, one of them extends in the direction of the radiation unit 501, and the other extends in the direction away from the radiation unit 501. The main body 7131, the first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134, the third protrusion 7135, the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712 can form three wire grooves. The protrusions of the first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134 and the third protrusion 7135 that are arranged opposite to the first entity part 711, the first entity part 711 and the main body 7131 form a first wire groove. The protrusions of the first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134 and the third protrusion 7135 that are arranged opposite to the second entity part 712, the second entity part 712 and the main body 7131 form a second wire groove. The first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134 and the main body 7131 form a third wire groove.

[0248] For example, Fig.11Taking the structure shown in (a) as an example, the first extension direction is the direction toward the radiation unit 501, and the second extension direction is the direction away from the radiation unit 501. The first protrusion direction and the second protrusion direction are both the direction from the surface of the main body 7131 toward the radiation unit 501 ( Fig.11 The third protruding direction is the direction away from the radiation unit 501 from the surface of the main body 7131 ( Fig.11 The first protrusion 7133 is located between the first entity portion 711 and the second protrusion 7134, wherein the first protrusion 7133, the first entity portion 711 and the main body 7131 form a first wire groove 721. The third protrusion 7135, the second entity portion 712 and the main body 7131 form a second wire groove 722. The first protrusion 7133, the second protrusion 7134 and the main body 7131 form a third wire groove 723.

[0249] Understandably, Fig.11 The structure shown in (a) is merely exemplary. In some other embodiments, the first extension direction and the second extension direction can be swapped, or the first protrusion direction, the second protrusion direction and the third protrusion direction can have different combinations. Similarly, three wire grooves can be formed between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62, which are not described in detail here.

[0250] In other embodiments, Fig.11 As shown in (b), the first extension direction is opposite to the second extension direction. For example, the first extension direction is the direction close to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 ( Fig.11 The second extension direction is the direction away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 ( Fig.11 Alternatively, the first extension direction is a direction away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 ( Fig.11 The second extension direction is the direction close to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1 ( Fig.11 in the positive direction of the X axis).

[0251] The third entity part 713 may include a first sub-part 7136, a second sub-part 7137, and a third sub-part 7138 for connecting the first sub-part 7136 and the second sub-part 7137. One of the first sub-part 7136 and the second sub-part 7137 is connected to an end of the first entity part 711 away from the second entity part 712 in the first direction, and the other of the first sub-part 7136 and the second sub-part 7137 is connected to an end of the second entity part 712 away from the first entity part 711 in the first direction, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit 501 and the frequency selection surface 502. The first sub-part 7136, the first entity part 711, and the third sub-part 7138 form a first wire groove 721. The second sub-part 7137, the second entity part 712, and the third sub-part 7138 form a second wire groove 722.

[0252] For ease of understanding, as an example but not limitation, taking the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 as being located on plane #1, the first sub-portion 7136 and the second sub-portion 7137 are located on both sides of plane #1, that is, one of the first sub-portion 7136 and the second sub-portion 7137 is close to the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1, and the other is far away from the radiation unit 501 relative to plane #1, and the third sub-portion 7138 connects the first sub-portion 7136 and the second sub-portion 7137. One end of the first entity portion 711 away from plane #1 is connected to the first sub-portion 7136, and one end of the second entity portion 712 away from plane #1 is connected to the second sub-portion 7137. The first entity portion 711, the first sub-portion 7136 and the third sub-portion 7138 can form a first wire groove 721. The second entity portion 712, the second sub-portion 7137 and the third sub-portion 7138 can form a second wire groove 722. The feeding network 503 may include a first feeding line 81 and a second feeding line 82 . The first feeding line 81 may be accommodated in a first wire groove 721 , and the second feeding line 82 may be accommodated in a second wire groove 722 .

[0253] For example, Fig.11 As shown in (b), the first sub-portion 7136 may be located between plane #1 and the radiation element 501, and plane #1 is located between the first sub-portion 7136 and the second sub-portion 7137. Accordingly, the first wire groove 721 includes an opening away from the radiation element 501, the second wire groove 722 includes an opening toward the radiation element 501, and the first feed line 81 and the second feed line 82 are located on different sides of the frequency selection surface 502.

[0254] Understandably, Fig.11 The structure shown in (b) is only exemplary. In some other embodiments, the first extension direction and the second extension direction can be swapped, and two wire grooves can be formed between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62. These will not be described in detail here. Fig.11 (b) in the figure is only described by taking the first entity part 711, the second entity part 712 and the third entity part 713 forming two wire grooves as an example, but it can be understood that Fig.11 The method shown in (b) can also be applied to the case of three or more wire ducts. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0255] Combination Figures 8 to 11 According to the introduction, by setting a plurality of wire grooves between adjacent first aperture units 61 and second aperture units 62, the routing density of the feed network can be increased, thereby supporting high-density routing. In addition, different wire grooves can be separated by protrusions, which can also improve isolation and reduce loss and interference.

[0256] In the embodiment of the present application, the feed network 503 is in the conductor slot (eg Figure 7 The wire groove 72 involved in Figure 8 , Fig. 9 or Fig.11 The first wire groove 721 and the second wire groove 722 involved in the Fig.10 or Fig.11 There are many ways to route the first wire groove 721, the second wire groove 722, and the third wire groove 723 involved in the invention. Fig.12 , the routing form of the first feeding line 81 included in the feeding network 503 in the conductor trough 72 is taken as an example for explanation.

[0257] It should be noted that for ease of understanding, Fig.12 The structure shown in the figure does not show the non-metallic substrate of the signal wiring, such as the dielectric substrate for supporting the signal wiring, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0258] In some embodiments, the routing form of the first feed line 81 in the conductor trough 72 can be a microstrip line, wherein the bottom wall of the conductor trough 72 serves as a ground plane, or at least one side wall of the conductor trough 72 and the bottom wall of the conductor trough 72 serve as a ground plane.

[0259] As an example, see Fig.12 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the first feed line 81 is embedded in the wire groove 72 between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62. The routing form of the first feed line 81 can be a microstrip line. A microstrip line is a microwave transmission line consisting of a single conductor strip supported on a dielectric substrate. Fig.12In the structure shown in (a), the first feeder 81 is arranged opposite to the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72 (i.e., at least part of the third solid part 713), and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72 (the third solid part 713 as shown in the figure) is a ground plane. In the electric field distribution of the microstrip line, the first feeder 81 is the positive pole, and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72 is the negative pole.

[0260] In some embodiments, in the formed microstrip line, the first feed line 81 may be as follows: Fig.12 The strip shape shown in (a) can also be as shown in Fig.12 The cylindrical shape shown in (b) is not limited to this embodiment of the present application.

[0261] The microstrip line process is simple and facilitates the layout of signal routing.

[0262] As another example, the routing form of the first feed line 81 embedded in the wire groove 72 can be a multi-surface microstrip line, and at least two inner walls of the wire groove 72 are ground planes. Fig.12 As shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , the first feeder line 81 may include a feeder line segment disposed opposite to the bottom wall of the wire trough 72, a feeder line segment disposed opposite to the first entity portion 711 (i.e., one side wall of the wire trough 72), and a feeder line segment disposed opposite to the second entity portion 712 (i.e., the other side wall of the wire trough 72), and the bottom wall and two side walls of the wire trough 72 are both grounding plates. Fig.12 As shown in (d) in FIG. 1 , the first feeder line 81 may include a feeder line segment disposed opposite to the bottom wall of the wire trough 72 and a feeder line segment disposed opposite to one side wall of the wire trough 72 (i.e., the first entity portion 711 or the second entity portion 712), and the bottom wall and one side wall of the wire trough 72 are grounding plates. Fig.12 As shown in (e) in FIG. 1 , the first feed line 81 may be a ring-shaped microstrip line, and the inner wall of the conductor slot 72 is a ground plane. Fig.12 In the structure shown in (c), the cross section of the first feeder 81 is roughly U-shaped; Fig.12 In the structure shown in (d), the cross section of the first feeder 81 is substantially L-shaped; Fig.12 In the structure shown in (e), the cross section of the first feed line 81 is a ring. In the electric field distribution of the multi-surface microstrip line, the first feed line 81 is the positive electrode, and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72 and one or both side walls thereof are the negative electrodes.

[0263] The multi-faceted microstrip line can be applied to the case where the space of the conductor slot 72 is small, which is conducive to the layout of a wider feed line for impedance matching and can also reduce losses.

[0264] As another example, see Fig.12As shown in (f) in FIG. 1 , the routing form of the first feeder 81 embedded in the conductor groove 72 can be a curved microstrip line, and the inner wall of the conductor groove 72 is a ground plane. For example, the cross section of the first feeder 81 is roughly arc-shaped. In the electric field distribution of the curved microstrip line, the first feeder 81 is the positive electrode, and the bottom wall and side wall of the conductor groove 72 are the negative electrode.

[0265] The curved microstrip line can be applied to the case where the space of the conductor slot 72 is small, which is conducive to the layout of a wider feed line for impedance matching and can also reduce losses.

[0266] In some other embodiments, the first feed line 81 may be arranged in a differential line in the conductor slot 72 .

[0267] For example, refer to Fig.12 As shown in (g) in FIG. 7 , the routing form of the first feeder line 81 embedded in the conductor groove 72 can be a differential line arranged at an angle to the bottom wall of the conductor groove 72. Exemplarily, the differential line includes two parallel and equal-length signal lines, and the two signal lines are arranged perpendicular to the bottom wall of the conductor groove 72 (i.e., at least part of the third entity part 713). In other words, the two signal lines are arranged opposite to the first entity part 711 and the second entity part 712, respectively. In the electric field distribution of the differential line, one of the signal lines is a positive pole and the other signal line is a negative pole.

[0268] Differential lines have higher anti-interference ability and lower bit error rate.

[0269] In some embodiments, electroplating can be performed on the medium to form the first feed line 81. For example, single-sided electroplating can be performed on the medium to form Fig.12 For example, double-sided electroplating can be performed on the medium to form a microstrip line as shown in (a) of FIG. Fig.12 The microstrip line shown in (d) or the Fig.12 As another example, three-sided electroplating or four-sided electroplating can be performed on the medium to form a differential line as shown in (g) in FIG. Fig.12 The microstrip line shown in (c) or the Fig.12 The microstrip line shown in (e) in FIG.

[0270] In the embodiment of the present application, by embedding signal routing between adjacent aperture units and shielding the routing through routing grooves, radiation loss can be reduced and the risk of resonance can be reduced without affecting the frequency selective wave transmission function of the frequency selective structure (i.e., the frequency selective surface 502).

[0271] It can be understood that the above is an introduction to the routing form of the feeder network using the feeder line in a wire trough as an example. In an embodiment involving multiple wire troughs, the routing forms of the feeder lines in different wire troughs may be the same or different, and may be specifically designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0272] In some embodiments, the feeder wire contained in the wire slot 72 and the wire slot 72 can form a phase shifter. For example, a phase shifting medium can be provided in the wire slot 72 to form a phase shifter, or a phase shifter can be formed by relative movement between two coupled wires. Fig.13 and Fig.14 , the following description is made by taking the example that the first feeding line 81 included in the feeding network 503 is embedded in the wire slot 72 and forms a phase shifter.

[0273] As an example, when the routing form of the first feed line 81 embedded in the wire slot 72 is a microstrip line, refer to Fig.13 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the phase shifting medium 504 may be disposed between the first feeder 81 and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72. Alternatively, referring to Fig.13 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , the phase shifting medium 504 can be disposed between the first feed line 81 and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72 and between the first feed line 81 and the side wall (including the first solid portion 711 and the second solid portion 712) of the conductor slot 72. That is, when the first feed line 81 is in the form of a microstrip line, the phase shifting medium 504 can be substantially strip-shaped or U-shaped.

[0274] As another example, when the routing form of the first feed line 81 embedded in the conductor slot 72 is a multi-surface microstrip line, refer to Fig.13 As shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , the phase shifting medium 504 may be disposed between the first feeder line 81 and the bottom wall of the conductor slot 72. Alternatively, referring to FIG. Fig.13 As shown in (d) in FIG. 1 , the phase shifting medium 504 can be disposed between the first feed line 81 and the bottom wall of the conductor trough 72 and between the first feed line 81 and the side wall of the conductor trough 72. That is, when the routing form of the first feed line 81 is a multi-faceted microstrip line, the phase shifting medium 504 can be substantially strip-shaped or U-shaped. In some other embodiments, when the first feed line 81 is L-shaped, the phase shifting medium 504 can also be L-shaped.

[0275] As another example, when the routing form of the first feeder line 81 embedded in the wire groove 72 is a differential line, refer to Fig.13 As shown in (e) in FIG. 8 , the phase shifting medium 504 may be disposed between two signal lines of the first feeding line 81 .

[0276] Of course, in some other embodiments, when the first feed line 81 is in other routing forms, the setting position of the phase shifting medium 504 can be determined according to the corresponding routing form, as long as a dielectric phase shifter can be formed, and the embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0277] In the embodiment of the present application, the phase shifting medium 504 may also be referred to as a sliding medium or a movable medium, such as polycarbonate (PC). The phase shifting medium 504 is solid, such as a sliding medium block, but it can move in the wire groove 72. It can be understood that the phase shifter formed by setting the phase shifting medium 504 is a dielectric phase shifter, which mainly includes the wire groove 72 and the first feeder 81 and the phase shifting medium 504 located in the wire groove 72.

[0278] A dielectric phase shifter can be formed by arranging a phase shifting medium 504 between the first feed line 81 and the inner wall of the conductor slot 72. The change of the dielectric constant of different media can control the change of the transmission line impedance to achieve phase shifting.

[0279] As another example, Fig.14 As shown, the first feeder 81 may include a first feeder segment 811, a second feeder segment 812, and an insulating layer 505, wherein the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812 are arranged opposite to each other, and the insulating layer 505 is arranged between the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812. The first feeder segment 811 is coupled to the second feeder segment 812, and the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812 can move relative to each other. The relative movement of the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812 can change the coupling length of the two, that is, the length of the signal transmission path changes, thereby realizing the function of phase shifting.

[0280] It can be understood that the phase shifter formed by the relative movement between the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812 is a physical phase shifter, which mainly includes the wire groove 72, and the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812 in the wire groove 72 and in a coupled connection.

[0281] A physical phase shifter can be formed by arranging coupled and mutually movable feeder segments in the conductor slot 72. By controlling the coupling length of the first feeder segment 811 and the second feeder segment 812, the length of the signal transmission path can be controlled to achieve phase shifting.

[0282] It should be noted that the feeder wires (such as the first feeder wire 81) used to form the phase shifter are also used as signal wires of the phase shifter. In addition, the wire slots 72 can also perform electromagnetic invisibility on the digital phase shifter, which will not be described in detail here.

[0283] In the embodiment of the present application, when a phase shifter is provided, since the signal line of the phase shifter is embedded in the wire groove 72, the wall of the wire groove 72 shields the signal line of the phase shifter, and the electromagnetic invisibility of the antenna arranged behind the antenna 500 by the phase shifter component can be achieved, reducing or avoiding the electromagnetic shielding of the rear antenna by the phase shifter component, which is conducive to improving the performance of the multi-band antenna system. In addition, the formed phase shifter will not affect the wave transmission function of the frequency selective surface.

[0284] For further understanding, Fig.15 and Fig.16 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein Fig.15 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of assembling an antenna 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.16 A schematic diagram of an exploded view of an antenna 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0285] refer to Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the antenna 600 may include a radiation unit 501, a frequency selective surface 502, a feeding network 503 and a phase shifting medium 504. For the description of the radiation unit 501, the frequency selective surface 502 and the feeding network 503, please refer to Figures 5 to 14 The phase shifting medium 504 is disposed between a portion of the feeder wires of the feed network 503 and the frequency selective surface 502 , and more specifically, the phase shifting medium 504 is disposed between at least a portion of the feeder wires embedded in the wire trough and the inner wall of the wire trough 72 .

[0286] In some embodiments, the feeder wires contained in the wire slots 72 may include a portion that serves as a phase shifter signal line and a portion that serves only as a feeder wire. In other words, among all the feeders contained in the wire slots provided on the frequency selective surface 502, some of the feeders may be provided with a phase shifting medium to achieve a phase shifting function.

[0287] In the embodiment of the present application, the signal line of the phase shifter included in the antenna 600 is embedded in the wire groove, which can realize the stealth effect of the phase shifter component on the radiated electromagnetic waves of the antenna located behind the antenna 600, reduce or avoid the electromagnetic shielding of the rear antenna by the phase shifter component, and at the same time do not affect the filtering function of the frequency selective surface.

[0288] In some embodiments, reference Fig.17 As shown, the first feeder 81 embedded in the conductor slot 72 may be a serpentine line, which can extend the current path and lengthen the line, especially in the case of limited space, which is beneficial to increase the phase shift of the signal line and facilitate flexible matching with impedance.

[0289] In some embodiments, the first feeder lines 81 arranged in a serpentine shape may be located in the same plane, for example, the plane where the first feeder lines 81 are located is parallel to the bottom wall of the wire trough 72. Alternatively, the first feeder lines 81 arranged in a serpentine shape may be a three-dimensional structure, for example, a portion of the first feeder lines 81 is parallel to the bottom wall of the wire trough 72, and a portion of the first feeder lines 81 is parallel to the side wall of the wire trough 72.

[0290] In some embodiments, the first feed line 81 in the conductor slot 72 may also have a phase compensation function so that the feed line lengths from the signal input end to different radiation units are close to or equal.

[0291] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding network 503 can be embedded in the wire trough through the first supporting structure. There are many specific implementation methods. The following takes the first feeding line 81 embedded in the wire trough 72 as an example for explanation.

[0292] As an example, see Fig.18 As shown in (a) of FIG. 7 , the first supporting structure may be a supporting medium 506 located in the wire groove 72. The first feeder 81 may be embedded in the wire groove 72 through the supporting medium 506. More specifically, the supporting medium 506 may be disposed in the wire groove 72, and the first feeder 81 is supported on the supporting medium 506, so that the first feeder 81 is accommodated in the wire groove 72.

[0293] Exemplarily, the supporting medium 506 is an insulating medium, for example, a sliding medium (such as the aforementioned phase shifting medium 504) or a fixed medium. The fixed medium is a medium whose position in the wire slot 72 remains unchanged. In actual use, the material of the supporting medium 506 can be determined according to whether the radiation direction of the antenna needs to be changed.

[0294] As another example, see Fig.18 As shown in (b) of FIG. 5 , the first supporting structure may be a supporting frame 507. The first feeder 81 may be disposed on the supporting frame 507, and the supporting frame 507 includes a portion embedded in the wire groove 72, and the first feeder 81 is accommodated in the wire groove 72 by embedding the supporting frame 507 in the wire groove 72.

[0295] Exemplarily, the support frame 507 is made of insulating material, for example, it may include one or more of the following materials: plastic (or plastic), glass, ceramic, rubber, resin. The support frame 507 is made of insulating material to avoid adverse effects on the performance of the antenna.

[0296] Combination of the above Figures 5 to 18 The frequency selective surface 502 provided in the embodiment of the present application is mainly introduced by describing the structure of the metal entity 71 (ie, the first connecting portion 71) between two adjacent aperture units (such as the adjacent first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62). Figures 19 to 30 The frequency selective surface 502 provided in the embodiment of the present application is further introduced from the perspective of the frequency selective unit structure.

[0297] Fig.19 A schematic top view of a frequency selective surface provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0298] like Fig.19 As shown, the frequency selective surface 502 may include a plurality of frequency selective unit structures 10 , each of which may include an aperture unit 60 among periodically arranged aperture units and a solid portion 90 for forming the corresponding aperture unit 60 .

[0299] For example, multiple frequency selection unit structures 10 include a first frequency selection unit structure and a second frequency selection unit structure, the first frequency selection unit structure includes a first aperture unit 61 and a solid part for forming the first aperture unit 61, and the second frequency selection unit structure includes a second aperture unit 62 and a solid part for forming the second aperture unit 62.

[0300] In some embodiments, the frequency selective unit structure 10 may be a high-pass structure. Thus, the frequency selective surface 502 formed by the high-pass frequency selective unit structure can allow high-frequency components in the signal to pass through, while attenuating low-frequency components in the signal. In other words, the frequency selective surface 502 can allow signal components above a certain frequency to pass through, while suppressing signal components below the frequency.

[0301] Fig. 20 A schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0302] refer to Fig. 20 As shown in (a) to (d) in FIG. 1 , the solid part 90 may include a substrate 91, and the substrate 91 is provided with a through hole. The solid part 90 also includes a direction #A (i.e., the normal direction ( Fig. 20 The first side portion 92 extends in the direction of the normal (the OO' direction in the figure) or in a direction at a certain angle to the normal. The first side portion 92 is arranged around at least part of the edge of the through hole, or the part where the first side portion 92 is connected to the base 91 surrounds at least part of the edge of the through hole. Here, the through hole is the aperture unit 60, so the edge of the aperture unit 60 is the edge of the base 91 for forming the through hole. Fig. 20 In the frequency selective surface formed by the frequency selective unit structure 10 shown, the base 91 can serve as the bottom wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment, and the first side portion 92 can serve as the side wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0303] As an example but not limitation, take the aperture unit 60 as a square hole as an example. Fig. 20 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the first side stand 92 may be arranged around the four sides of the aperture unit 60; or Fig. 20 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , the first side stand 92 may be arranged around three sides of the aperture unit 60; or Fig. 20 As shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , the first side portion 92 may be disposed around two sides of the aperture unit 60, and the two sides may be connected sides or opposite sides; or Fig. 20 As shown in (d) in FIG. 8 , the first side standing portion 92 may be disposed around one side of the aperture unit 60 .

[0304] In the embodiment of the present application, when the first side stand 92 is disposed around the entire edge of the aperture unit 60, a wire groove can be formed between any two adjacent aperture units, which facilitates flexible layout of the wiring. When the first side stand 92 is disposed around a portion of the edge of the aperture unit 60, the wire groove can be disposed only in the wiring area, which can reduce the weight of the frequency selective surface and help reduce costs.

[0305] Understandably, Fig. 20 The shape of the aperture unit 60 shown in the figure is merely exemplary. In some other embodiments, the aperture unit 60 may also be designed to be other shapes, such as a circle, a triangle, a star, or a combination of shapes, etc. Correspondingly, the first side portion 92 may be adaptively designed according to the shape of the aperture unit 60, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0306] In some embodiments, direction #A may be perpendicular to the plane of the base 91. Thus, the first side portions 92 may be disposed perpendicularly relative to the base 91, so that the width of the wire groove formed by the first side portions of adjacent aperture units is relatively uniform in the first direction, facilitating the embedding of the feeder.

[0307] In some embodiments, direction #A is a position layout direction between the radiation element 501 and the frequency selective surface 502 .

[0308] In some embodiments, the height of the first side standing portion 92 extending in direction #A may be uniform, or may include multiple portions with different extension heights, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0309] In some embodiments, Fig.21 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , the solid portion 90 may further include an extension portion 93 connected to an end of the first side portion 92 away from the base 91 and intersecting with the direction #A. Exemplarily, the extension portion 93 may be parallel to the plane where the base 91 is located.

[0310] In some embodiments, the projection of the extension 93 on the substrate 91 overlaps with the projection of the aperture unit 60 on the substrate 90, that is, the extension 93 is directed toward the center line ( Fig.21 OO') direction, for example Fig.21 Alternatively, the projection of the extension portion 93 on the substrate 91 does not overlap with the projection of the aperture unit 60 on the substrate 90 , that is, the extension portion 93 extends away from the center line of the aperture unit 60 .

[0311] In practical applications, the extension portion 93 can be set to various shapes or patterns according to the requirements of performance optimization, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0312] Fig. 22 A schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0313] like Fig. 22 As shown, the entity part 90 may include a base 91 in a concave shape, a first sub-side standing part 921 extending from the surface of the base 91 along a direction #B, and a second sub-side standing part 922 extending from the surface of the base 91 along a direction #C, wherein the direction #B intersects with the base 91, the direction #C intersects with the base 91, and the angle between the direction #B and the direction #C is less than 90°. In other words, the first sub-side standing part 921 and the second sub-side standing part 922 extend toward the same side of the base 91. The first sub-side standing part 921 and the second sub-side standing part 922 are arranged opposite to each other, and the notch of the concave-shaped base 91 is located between the first sub-side standing part 921 and the second sub-side standing part 922. The entity part 90 also includes a first bridging part 931, which is used to connect one end of the first sub-side standing part 921 away from the base 91 and one end of the second sub-side standing part 922 away from the base 91.

[0314] In this embodiment, the first sub-side standing portion 921 , the second sub-side standing portion 922 , the first bridging portion 931 and the base 91 may form an aperture unit 60 , and the projection of the aperture unit 60 on the base 91 is closed.

[0315] In the Fig. 22 In the frequency selective surface formed by the frequency selective unit structure 10 shown, the base 91 can serve as the bottom wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment, and the first sub-side portion 921 or the second sub-side portion 922 can serve as the side wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0316] In the embodiment of the present application, the first bridging portion 931 and the base 91 are located in different planes. When the frequency selection unit structure 10 is connected to an adjacent frequency selection unit structure, wire grooves with different directions can be flexibly formed.

[0317] In some embodiments, direction #B is the same as direction #C, that is, the extension direction of the first sub-lateral portion 921 is the same as the extension direction of the second sub-lateral portion 922. In some embodiments, direction #B or direction #C is the position layout direction between the radiation unit 501 and the frequency selective surface 502.

[0318] In some embodiments, direction #B is perpendicular to the plane where the substrate 91 is located, and direction #C is perpendicular to the plane where the substrate 91 is located.

[0319] In some embodiments, the plane where the base 91 is located is parallel to the plane where the first bridge portion 931 is located.

[0320] In some embodiments, the side of the first bridging portion 931 away from the aperture unit 60 is flush with the side of the first sub-side portion 921 close to the first bridging portion 931, and the side of the first bridging portion 931 away from the aperture unit 60 is flush with the side of the second sub-side portion 922 close to the first bridging portion 931.

[0321] In some embodiments, the first sub-side standing portion 921 and the second sub-side standing portion 922 extend along two opposite side edges of the concave-shaped notch.

[0322] In the embodiment of the present application, the extension height of the first sub-side standing portion 921 in direction #B and the extension height of the second sub-side standing portion 922 in direction #C may be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this.

[0323] In some embodiments, the solid portion 90 may further include a sub-side standing portion extending from the surface of the base 91 along an edge of a side of the concave notch opposite to the first bridging portion 931 , and the sub-side standing portion may connect the first sub-side standing portion 921 and the second sub-side standing portion 922 .

[0324] Fig.23 A schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0325] like Fig.23As shown, the solid portion 90 may include a first substrate 911 and a second substrate 912 separated from each other, a first sub-side standing portion 921 extending from the surface of the first substrate 911 along direction #B, and a second sub-side standing portion 922 extending from the surface of the second substrate 912 along direction #C, wherein direction #B intersects with the first substrate 911, direction #C intersects with the second substrate 912, and the angle between direction #B and direction #C is less than 90°. In other words, the first sub-side standing portion 921 and the second sub-side standing portion 922 extend toward the same side of the first substrate 911 (or the second substrate 912). The first sub-side standing portion 921 and the second sub-side standing portion 922 are arranged opposite to each other. The solid portion 90 also includes a first bridging portion 931 and a second bridging portion 932 which are separated from each other (i.e., arranged at intervals), wherein the first bridging portion 931 is used to connect an end of the first sub-side portion 921 away from the first base 911 and an end of the second sub-side portion 922 away from the second base 912 at a first position, and the second bridging portion 932 is used to connect an end of the first sub-side portion 921 away from the first base 911 and an end of the second sub-side portion 922 away from the second base 912 at a second position.

[0326] In this embodiment, the first sub-side standing portion 921 , the second sub-side standing portion 922 , the first bridging portion 931 and the second bridging portion 932 may form a through hole, and the through hole is the aperture unit 60 .

[0327] In the Fig.23 In the frequency selective surface formed by the frequency selective unit structure 10 shown, the first substrate 911 or the second substrate 912 can serve as the bottom wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment, and the first sub-side portion 921 or the second sub-side portion 922 can serve as the side wall of the wire groove 72 involved in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0328] Or, it can be understood like this Fig.23 The structure shown: the entity part 90 is a U-shaped groove with an overlap, and a through hole is opened on the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove, and the through hole is the aperture unit 60. Here, the overlap is respectively connected to one end of the two side walls of the U-shaped groove away from the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove. Exemplarily, the overlap can be parallel to the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove. The U-shaped groove may include the aforementioned first sub-side standing part 921, the second sub-side standing part 922, the first bridging part 931 and the second bridging part 932, wherein the first sub-side standing part 921 and the second sub-side standing part 922 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two are the two side walls of the U-shaped groove, and the first bridging part 931 and the second bridging part 932 are the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove. Here, the overlap and the side walls of the U-shaped groove are part of the metal entity between adjacent aperture units.

[0329] In the embodiment of the present application, the side wall of the U-shaped groove (i.e., the first sub-side standing portion 921 and the second sub-side standing portion 922) can extend from one end where the first bridging portion 931 is located to one end where the second bridging portion 932 is located. When multiple such frequency selection unit structures 10 are spliced, for example Fig.24 As shown, a wire groove with a larger length can be formed on the frequency selective surface, so as to adapt to the layout of longer wiring, and the wiring can always be in the wire groove, so the shielding performance is better.

[0330] In some embodiments, direction #B is the same as direction #C, that is, the extending direction of the first sub-lateral portion 921 is the same as the extending direction of the second sub-lateral portion 922 .

[0331] In some embodiments, direction #B is perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate 911 is located, and direction #C is perpendicular to the plane where the second substrate 912 is located.

[0332] In some embodiments, the first substrate 911 and the second substrate 912 are located in the same plane.

[0333] In some embodiments, the first bridge portion 931 and the second bridge portion 932 are located in the same plane.

[0334] In some embodiments, the plane where the first base 911 and the second base 912 are located is parallel to the plane where the first bridge portion 931 and the second bridge portion 932 are located.

[0335] In some embodiments, the side of the first bridge portion 931 away from the second bridge portion 932 is flush with the side of the first sub-side stand portion 921 close to the first bridge portion 931, and is flush with the side of the second sub-side stand portion 922 close to the first bridge portion 931. And / or, the side of the second bridge portion 932 away from the first bridge portion 931 is flush with the side of the first sub-side stand portion 921 close to the second bridge portion 932, and is flush with the side of the second sub-side stand portion 922 close to the second bridge portion 932.

[0336] In some embodiments, the frequency selective unit structure 10 may be a bandpass structure. Thus, the frequency selective surface 502 formed by the bandpass type frequency selective unit structure can allow components in a certain frequency range in the signal to pass through, while attenuating frequency components in other ranges.

[0337] The bandpass frequency selection unit structure can be based on the above-mentioned high-pass frequency selection unit structure, and an independent metal structure is set in the above-mentioned through hole or hole, and a gap is formed between the independent metal structure and the edge of the through hole or hole, and the gap is the aperture unit involved in the present application. The following is an exemplary description with reference to specific but non-limiting examples.

[0338] Fig.25A schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein Fig.25 (a) and (b) in the figure respectively show the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the frequency selection unit structure at different angles.

[0339] It should be noted that the following mainly describes Fig.25 The frequency selection unit structure shown is similar to Fig. 20 The differences between the frequency selection unit structures shown in the figure, and the remaining parts not described in detail can be referred to Fig. 20 Introduction to related components.

[0340] refer to Fig.25 As shown in (a) and (b) in the figure, the entity portion 90 may include a substrate 91, on which a first through hole 913 is provided. The entity portion 90 also includes a first side portion 92 extending from the surface of the substrate 91 along a direction #A, and the direction #A intersects with the surface where the substrate 91 is located. The first side portion 92 is arranged around at least a portion of the edge of the first through hole 913, or the portion where the first side portion 92 is connected to the substrate 91 surrounds at least a portion of the edge of the first through hole 913. The entity portion 90 also includes an embedded portion 94 located in the first through hole 913, wherein the outer periphery of the embedded portion 94 has a gap with the edge of the first through hole 913. The gap between the embedded portion 94 and the substrate 91 (or the edge of the first through hole 913) is the aperture unit 60, and here, the aperture unit 60 is annular. That is, the projection of the embedded portion 94 in the first direction is located within the projection range of the first through hole 913 in the first direction, and the gap between the first through hole 913 and the embedded portion 94 forms the aperture unit 60. Here, the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit 501 and the frequency selection surface 502. Direction #A may be the same as or different from the first direction.

[0341] Alternatively, the bandpass structure can be understood from another perspective, that is, the embedded portion 94 and the base 91 are considered as parts of an integrated component, wherein the aperture unit 60 is formed by opening an annular hole in the integrated component. Due to the opening of the annular hole, the integrated component is separated into two relatively independent parts, namely the base 91 and the embedded portion 94.

[0342] In some embodiments, the base 91 and the embedded portion 94 may be located in the same plane. Alternatively, the base 91 and the embedded portion 94 may be located in different planes, for example, the plane where the base 91 is located and the plane where the embedded portion 94 is located are parallel to each other.

[0343] In the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the aperture unit 60 can be designed according to actual needs, for example Fig.25The square ring shape shown in the figure may also be other ring shapes, such as a circular ring, a triangular ring, etc. Accordingly, the first side standing portion 92 may be adaptively designed according to the shape of the aperture unit 60, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0344] In some embodiments, Fig.26 As shown, a second through hole 941 may also be provided on the embedded portion 94 to optimize the performance of the frequency selection unit structure. The shape of the second through hole 941 may be square, circular, triangular, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0345] In some embodiments, Fig. 27 As shown, the solid portion 90 may further include a second side portion 95 extending from the surface of the embedded portion 94 in a direction (for ease of description, referred to as direction #D) intersecting the surface where the embedded portion 94 is located. In the embodiment of the present application, direction #D may be the same as or different from the first direction. Direction #D may be the same as or different from direction #A.

[0346] In some embodiments, the second side stand 95 is disposed around at least a portion of the edge of the embedded portion 94 close to the aperture unit 60, or the portion where the second side stand 95 is connected to the embedded portion 94 surrounds at least a portion of the periphery of the embedded portion 94. In the embodiment of the present application, in the circumferential direction, the second side stand 95 may be continuous or disconnected (i.e., include multiple separate portions).

[0347] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the edge of the embedded portion 94 close to the aperture unit 60 is also the inner edge of the aperture unit 60 , and the edge of the base 91 close to the aperture unit 60 is also the outer edge of the aperture unit 60 .

[0348] In some embodiments, the second side stand 95 extends in the same direction as the first side stand 92. That is, the second side stand 95 and the first side stand 92 extend in the same direction. For example, a portion of the second side stand 95 may be arranged opposite to a portion of the first side stand 92. Alternatively, the second side stand 95 and the first side stand 92 extend in different directions, for example, the second side stand 95 extends in a direction opposite to the first side stand 92.

[0349] In some embodiments, the height of the second side standing portion 95 extending in direction #D may be uniform, or include multiple portions with extended heights, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0350] It can be understood that in practical applications, a pattern can be set on the embedded portion 94 according to the needs of performance optimization, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0351] Fig.28A schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0352] It should be noted that the following mainly describes Fig.28 The frequency selection unit structure shown is similar to Fig. 22 The differences between the frequency selection unit structures shown in the figure, and the remaining parts not described in detail can be referred to Fig. 22 Introduction to related components.

[0353] like Fig.28 As shown, based on Fig. 22 In the frequency selection unit structure described above, the solid part 90 may further include an embedded part 94 surrounded by the first sub-side standing part 921, the second sub-side standing part 922, the first bridge part 931 and the base 91, wherein there is a gap between the periphery of the embedded part 94 and the above-mentioned components, and the gap is the aperture unit 60. Here, the projection of the aperture unit 60 on the base 91 is annular.

[0354] In some embodiments, Fig.28 As shown, a second through hole 941 may also be provided on the embedded portion 94. The shape of the second through hole 941 may be square, circular, triangular, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0355] In some embodiments, Fig.28 As shown, the solid portion 90 may further include a second side standing portion 95 extending from the surface of the embedded portion 94 in a direction (for ease of description, referred to as direction #D) intersecting the surface where the embedded portion 94 is located. In the embodiment of the present application, direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension direction #B of the first sub-side standing portion 921. Direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension direction #C of the second sub-side standing portion.

[0356] In some embodiments, the second side stand 95 is disposed around at least a portion of the edge of the embedded portion 94 close to the aperture unit 60, or the portion where the second side stand 95 is connected to the embedded portion 94 surrounds at least a portion of the periphery of the embedded portion 94. In the embodiment of the present application, in the circumferential direction, the second side stand 95 may be continuous or disconnected (i.e., include multiple separate portions).

[0357] In some embodiments, the second side standing portion 95 extends in the same direction as the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922). That is, the second side standing portion 95 and the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922) extend in the same direction. Alternatively, the second side standing portion 95 and the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922) extend in different directions, for example, the second side standing portion 95 extends in the opposite direction to the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922).

[0358] In some embodiments, the embedded portion 94 and the base 91 are located in the same plane, or the plane where the embedded portion 94 is located is parallel to the plane where the base 91 is located.

[0359] In the embodiment of the present application, the extension height of the second side standing portion 95 in direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension height of the first sub-side standing portion 921 in direction #B; the extension height of the second side standing portion 95 in direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension height of the second sub-side standing portion 922 in direction #C, and the present application does not limit this.

[0360] Fig.29 A schematic structural diagram of another frequency selection unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0361] It should be noted that the following mainly describes Fig.29 The frequency selection unit structure shown is similar to Fig.23 The differences between the frequency selection unit structures shown in the figure, and the remaining parts not described in detail can be referred to Fig.23 Introduction to related components.

[0362] like Fig.29 As shown in (a) in Fig.23 In the frequency selection unit structure described above, the solid part 90 may further include an embedded part 94 surrounded by a first sub-lateral part 921, a second sub-lateral part 922, a first bridge part 931, and a second bridge part 932, wherein a gap exists between the periphery of the embedded part 94 and the above-mentioned components, and the gap is the aperture unit 60. Here, the projection of the aperture unit 60 on the substrate 91 is annular.

[0363] In some embodiments, Fig.29 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the plane where the embedded portion 94 is located may be parallel to the plane where the first substrate 911 (or the second substrate 912) is located. Alternatively, Fig.29 As shown in (b) in FIG. 8 , the embedding portion 94 and the first substrate 911 (or the second substrate 912 ) are located in the same plane.

[0364] In some embodiments, Fig.29 As shown in (b) of the figure, the solid portion 90 may further include a fourth side portion 95 extending from the surface of the embedded portion 94 along a direction #D, and the direction #D intersects with the surface where the embedded portion 94 is located. In the embodiment of the present application, the direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension direction #B of the first sub-side portion 921. The direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension direction #C of the second sub-side portion.

[0365] In some embodiments, the second side stand 95 is disposed around at least a portion of the edge of the embedded portion 94 close to the aperture unit 60, or the portion where the second side stand 95 is connected to the embedded portion 94 surrounds at least a portion of the periphery of the embedded portion 94. In the embodiment of the present application, in the circumferential direction, the second side stand 95 may be continuous or disconnected (i.e., include multiple separate portions).

[0366] In some embodiments, the second side standing portion 95 extends in the same direction as the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922). That is, the second side standing portion 95 and the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922) extend in the same direction, such as extending toward the side where the first bridging portion 931 (or the second bridging portion 932) is located. Alternatively, the second side standing portion 95 and the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922) extend in different directions, for example, the second side standing portion 95 extends in the opposite direction to the first sub-side standing portion 921 (or the second sub-side standing portion 922).

[0367] In the embodiment of the present application, the extension height of the second side standing portion 95 in direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension height of the first sub-side standing portion 921 in direction #B; the extension height of the second side standing portion 95 in direction #D may be the same as or different from the extension height of the second sub-side standing portion 922 in direction #C, and the present application does not limit this.

[0368] Combination Figure 25 to Figure 29 It can be seen that if the frequency selection unit structure 10 is a bandpass structure, the solid part 90 includes an internal substructure and an external substructure for forming an aperture unit 60, and there is a gap between the external substructure and the internal substructure, and the gap is the aperture unit 60. Specifically, the internal substructure may include an embedded portion 94, or include an embedded portion 94 and a fourth side portion 95. In other words, the internal substructure can be a planar structure or a three-dimensional structure (such as an all-metal three-dimensional structure, a via or a grid-type three-dimensional structure, etc.), which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. When the internal substructure is a three-dimensional structure, the side portion can be arranged perpendicular to the embedded portion 94, or can have a certain inclination angle or chamfer depending on the manufacturing process.

[0369] Combination of the above Figures 20 to 29 The frequency selective unit structure 10 is mainly introduced. A plurality of frequency selective unit structures 10 can form a frequency selective surface 502 .

[0370] Fig.30 A schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, that is, a schematic diagram of a local structure of a frequency selective surface 502 .

[0371] like Fig.30As shown, the frequency selective surface 502 may include a first frequency selective unit structure 11, a second frequency selective unit structure 12, and a third frequency selective unit structure 13, and the first frequency selective unit structure 11 is located between the second frequency selective unit structure 12 and the third frequency selective unit structure 13. Accordingly, the aforementioned periodically arranged aperture units may include adjacent first aperture units 61 and second aperture units 62 and a third aperture unit 63 adjacent to the first aperture unit 61, and the first aperture unit 61 is located between the second aperture unit 62 and the third aperture unit 63.

[0372] The metal entity between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 includes a first entity part 711, a second entity part 712 and a third entity part 713. The surface where the first entity part 711 is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the second entity part 712 is located, and the third entity part 713 is located between the surface where the first entity part 711 is located and the surface where the second entity part 712 is located. The first entity part 711 is close to the first aperture unit 61, and the first entity part 711 is connected to the third entity part 713 and is arranged at an angle. The second entity part 712 is close to the second aperture unit 62, and the second entity part 712 is connected to the third entity part 713 and is arranged at an angle.

[0373] The metal entity between the first aperture unit 61 and the third aperture unit 63 includes a fourth entity portion 714, a fifth entity portion 715 and a sixth entity portion 716. The surface where the fourth entity portion 714 is located is opposite to the surface where the fifth entity portion 715 is located, and the sixth entity portion 716 is located between the surface where the fourth entity portion 714 is located and the surface where the fifth entity portion 715 is located. The fourth entity portion 714 is close to the first aperture unit 61, and the fourth entity portion 714 is connected to the sixth entity portion 716 and is set at an angle. The fifth entity portion 715 is close to the third aperture unit 63, and the fifth entity portion 715 is connected to the sixth entity portion 716 and is set at an angle.

[0374] Here, the first entity part 711 and the fourth entity part 714 belong to the first frequency selection unit structure 11, the second entity part 712 belongs to the second frequency selection unit structure 12, and the fifth entity part 715 belongs to the third frequency selection unit structure 13. Part of the third entity part 713 belongs to the first frequency selection unit structure 11, and part of it belongs to the second frequency selection unit structure 12. Part of the sixth entity part 716 belongs to the first frequency selection unit structure 11, and part of it belongs to the third frequency selection unit structure 13.

[0375] Here, the metal entity between the first aperture unit 61 and the second aperture unit 62 may form a wire groove, and the metal entity between the first aperture unit 61 and the third aperture unit 63 may form a wire groove.

[0376] In some embodiments, the first entity portion 711 and the fourth entity portion 714 are connected by a first bridge portion 931 and a second bridge portion 932, and the first bridge portion 931 and the second bridge portion 932 are spaced apart in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first aperture unit 61, the second aperture unit 62 and the third aperture unit 63, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit 501 and the frequency selective surface 502. Fig.30 For example, the first direction can be regarded as Fig.30 The Z-axis direction in the second direction can be regarded as Fig.30 In the X direction, the arrangement direction of the first aperture unit 61, the second aperture unit 62 and the third aperture unit 63 can be regarded as Fig.30 The Y-axis direction.

[0377] In some embodiments, the first entity portion 711 includes a first end 711a and a second end 711b arranged along the second direction, the fourth entity portion 714 includes a third end 714a and a fourth end 714b arranged along the second direction, the first end 711a and the third end 714a are located on the same side, and the second end 711b and the fourth end 714b are located on the same side. The first bridge portion 931 connects the first end 711a of the first entity portion 711 and the third end 714a of the fourth entity portion 714, and the second bridge portion 932 connects the second end 711b of the first entity portion 711 and the fourth end 714b of the fourth entity portion 714 to form a through hole between the first entity portion 711, the fourth entity portion 714, the first bridge portion 931 and the second bridge portion 932.

[0378] In some embodiments, the first frequency selective unit structure 11 is a high-pass frequency selective unit structure, and the through hole is the first aperture unit 61 .

[0379] In other embodiments, the first frequency selection unit structure 11 is a bandpass frequency selection unit structure, and an embedded portion 94 may be provided in the through hole, the projection of the embedded portion 94 in the first direction is located within the projection range of the through hole in the first direction, and the gap between the through hole and the embedded portion 94 forms a first aperture unit 61.

[0380] In some embodiments, the embedding portion 94 is located in the same plane as the first bridging portion 931 and / or the second bridging portion 932 .

[0381] In other embodiments, the surface where the embedding portion 94 is located is parallel to the surface where the first bridging portion 931 is located and / or the surface where the second bridging portion 932 is located.

[0382] In some embodiments, the first bridge portion 931 connects an end surface of the first end 711a in the first direction and an end surface of the third end 714a in the first direction. Fig.30Alternatively, the first bridge portion 931 connects the end surface of the first end 711a in the second direction with the end surface of the third end 714a in the second direction, for example Fig. 20 As shown in (a) in FIG. 8 , the portion of the first side standing portion 92 corresponds to the first bridging portion 931 .

[0383] In some embodiments, the second bridge portion 932 connects the end surface of the second end 711b in the first direction and the end surface of the fourth end 714b in the first direction, for example Fig.30 Alternatively, the second bridge portion 932 connects the end surface of the second end 711b in the second direction and the end surface of the fourth end 714b in the second direction, for example Fig. 20 As shown in (a) in FIG. 8 , the portion of the first side standing portion 92 corresponds to the second bridging portion 932 .

[0384] In the embodiment of the present application, the structures of two adjacent frequency selection units can be the same or different, and can be designed accordingly according to actual needs. For example, the first frequency selection unit structure 11, the second frequency selection unit structure 12 and the third frequency selection unit structure 13 can be completely the same, completely different, or partially the same.

[0385] In some embodiments, the types of the frequency selective unit structures 10 included in the frequency selective surface 502 can be the same, that is, the frequency selective surface 502 includes frequency selective unit structures of one structural type. In this way, the processing technology of the frequency selective surface 502 can be simplified and the production cost can be reduced.

[0386] In some other embodiments, the frequency selective surface 502 includes at least two types of frequency selective unit structures 10. As an example and not a limitation, Fig.31 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the frequency selective surface 502 may include a first type frequency selective unit structure 10a (refer to Fig.29 (b) related description), the second type frequency selection unit structure 10b (reference Fig.28 ) and the third type frequency selection unit structure 10c (refer to Fig. 27 ), the three types of frequency selection unit structures can form a wire groove 73 between the aperture units by splicing and combining, for example, forming a T-shaped wire groove. In practical applications, for example Fig.11 As shown in (b) in FIG. 7 , the wiring can be locally routed in a T-shape in the wire groove 73 .

[0387] Various types of frequency selective unit structures are spliced ​​and combined to form various wire trough shapes, which not only facilitates flexible layout of wiring, but also ensures the frequency selective wave transmission performance of the frequency selective surface 502.

[0388] In the embodiment of the present application, there are multiple preparation processes for the frequency selection unit structure 10, including but not limited to powder extrusion printing (PEP) process, sheet metal process, etc. Among them, the PEP process realizes the control and forming of materials through 3D printing, which can meet the personalized customization of metal parts and realize the one-piece forming of the frequency selection unit structure. The sheet metal process has high processing accuracy, can manufacture parts of complex shapes, and has good surface finish, which is conducive to the assembly of parts. It can be understood that the preparation process of the frequency selection unit structure 10 involved here is the preparation process of the frequency selection surface 502. In practical applications, multiple frequency selection unit structures 10 are usually prepared at the same time, and adjacent frequency selection unit structures 10 are connected.

[0389] In some embodiments, part or all of the frequency selection unit structure 10 may be supported on the first support member 21. Fig.32 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the first side stand 92 of the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be supported on the first support member 21. Fig.32 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , the embedded portion 94 of the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be supported by the first support member 21. Fig.32 As shown in (c) , the first side standing portion 92 and the embedded portion 94 of the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be supported by the first support member 21 .

[0390] In the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the first support member 21 can be designed according to the structure of the frequency selection unit structure 10 and the structure of the entity part supported on the first support member 21. Fig.32 Here, the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be prepared together with the first support member 21, or the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be sprayed or printed on the first support member 21 after the first support member 21 is prepared, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0391] As described above, if the frequency selection unit structure 10 is a bandpass structure, the frequency selection unit structure 10 includes an external substructure and an internal substructure, and there is a gap between the external substructure and the internal substructure to form an aperture unit 60. In some embodiments, the external substructure and the internal substructure of the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be processed by the same process or by different processes. In addition, the external substructure and the internal substructure of the frequency selection unit structure 10 can be prepared at the same time, or they can be assembled together after being processed separately.

[0392] Fig.33 and Fig.34 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein Fig.33FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of assembling an antenna 700 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.34 A schematic diagram of an exploded view of an antenna 700 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0393] refer to Fig.33 and Fig.34 As shown, the antenna 700 may include a radiation unit 501, a feeding network 503, and a multi-layer frequency selective surface, at least one of which is the frequency selective surface 502 described in the above embodiment. For the description of the radiation unit 501, the feeding network 503, and the frequency selective surface 502, please refer to Figures 5 to 32 For the sake of brevity, the relevant content will not be repeated here.

[0394] Exemplarily, the multi-layer frequency selective surface may include a first frequency selective surface 502a and a second frequency selective surface 502b, wherein the first frequency selective surface 502a and the second frequency selective surface 502b are stacked, and the first frequency selective surface 502a is arranged between the feeding network 503 (or the radiation unit 501) and the second frequency selective surface 502b.

[0395] In some embodiments, the first frequency selective surface 502a and the second frequency selective surface 502b are respectively a specific example of the frequency selective surface 502 described in the above embodiments, that is, the first frequency selective surface 502a and the second frequency selective surface 502b can adopt the structure of the frequency selective surface 502 described in the above embodiments. The structure of the first frequency selective surface 502a and the structure of the second frequency selective surface 502b can be the same or different.

[0396] In some embodiments, one of the first frequency selective surface 502a and the second frequency selective surface 502b is a specific example of the frequency selective surface 502 introduced in the above embodiments, and the other may be a planar frequency selective surface.

[0397] For example, Fig.35 FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective unit structure 20 of a planar frequency selective surface. Fig.35 As shown, the frequency selection unit structure 20 is located in the same plane, or in two parallel planes. That is to say, compared with the frequency selection unit structure 10 described in the above embodiment, the frequency selection unit structure 20 does not include a side stand (such as the first side stand 92, the first sub-side stand 921, the second sub-side stand 922, the second side stand 95, etc.). Therefore, the wire grooves described in the above embodiment will not be formed between adjacent frequency selection unit structures 20.

[0398] Multiple layers of frequency selective surfaces stacked together can produce good passband characteristics (i.e., flat passband, steeply dropping sidebands). In the embodiment of the present application, by combining multiple layers of frequency selective surfaces, the electromagnetic shielding of the antenna 700 to the rear antenna can be reduced or avoided, and better wave transmission effect and frequency selection effect can be achieved.

[0399] In some embodiments, reference Fig.33 and Fig.34 As shown, the multi-layer frequency selective surface can be supported by the second support member 508. Exemplarily, the first frequency selective surface 502a can be arranged on a side of the second support member 508 close to the radiation unit 501, and the second frequency selective surface 502b can be arranged on a side of the second support member 508 away from the radiation unit 501.

[0400] In the embodiment of the present application, the two support members 508 are insulating components, such as plastic components.

[0401] Fig.36 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.36 As shown, the antenna system 800 may include a first antenna 801 and a second antenna 802, wherein the first antenna 801 and the second antenna 802 are stacked in the radiation direction, for example, the first antenna 801 is located in front of the second antenna 802 in the radiation direction. The first antenna 801 includes the frequency selective surface 502 introduced in the above embodiment, for example, the first antenna 801 is a specific example of the antenna 500, 600 or 700 introduced in the above embodiment. The working frequency band of the first antenna 801 is lower than the working frequency band of the second antenna 802, or in other words, the first antenna 801 is a low-frequency antenna and the second antenna 802 is a high-frequency antenna. It can be understood that the low frequency or high frequency involved here is relative.

[0402] As an example but not limitation, the first antenna 801 may be a 2G / 3G / 4G antenna, and the second antenna 802 may be a 5G antenna. Alternatively, the first antenna is a 2G / 3G antenna, and the second antenna 802 may be a 4G / 5G antenna. Alternatively, the first antenna is a 2G antenna, and the second antenna 802 may be a 3G / 4G / 5G antenna.

[0403] The first antenna 801 may be an active antenna or a passive antenna. The second antenna 802 may be an active antenna or a passive antenna. In some embodiments, the first antenna 801 located at the front may be a passive antenna, and the second antenna 802 located at the rear may be an active antenna.

[0404] In the embodiment of the present application, among the frequency selective surfaces included in the first antenna 801, at least one layer of the frequency selective surface has a frequency selective unit structure having both a planar structure and a sidewall structure. Multiple frequency selective unit structures can form periodically arranged aperture units and wire grooves located between the aperture units. Transmission lines can be embedded in the wire grooves, wherein the planar structure and the sidewall structure of the frequency selective unit structure can serve as the signal reference ground of the transmission line, thereby shielding the transmission line, and reducing or avoiding the influence of the induced current generated on the transmission line on the performance of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna 802. In some embodiments, a phase shifting medium can also be added to the wire groove, and the phase shifting medium and the transmission line form a phase shifter. Due to the shielding effect of the planar structure and the sidewall structure of the frequency selective unit structure, the electromagnetic stealth of the phase shifter can be achieved, and the electromagnetic shielding of the second antenna 802 by the phase shifter can be reduced or avoided.

[0405] Fig.37 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a simulation of the line loss benefit of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.37 As shown, S1 is the line loss benefit curve of antenna A with a common reflector (without frequency selection function), S2 is the line loss benefit curve of antenna B with a planar frequency selection surface (with frequency selection function, but cannot shield the transmission line), and S3 is the line loss benefit curve of antenna C with a three-dimensional frequency selection surface provided in the embodiment of the present application (with frequency selection function and can shield the transmission line). It can be seen from the figure that the line loss benefit of antenna C is basically the same as that of antenna A, indicating that antenna C has good feeding network performance and small feeding network loss. The line loss benefit of antenna C is better than that of antenna B, indicating that the feeding network loss of antenna C is smaller than that of antenna B.

[0406] Fig.38 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a simulation of the wave transmission effect of a frequency selective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.38 As shown, taking the frequency selective surface composed of the frequency selective unit structure shown in the box in the figure as an example, Q1 and Q2 are the transmission loss curves of the frequency selective surface when the incident angles of the electromagnetic wave are 0° and 60° respectively. It can be seen that the frequency selective surface can suppress low-frequency signals and transmit high-frequency signals. Q3 and Q4 are the reflection loss curves of the frequency selective surface when the incident angles of the electromagnetic wave are 0° and 60° respectively. It can be seen that the frequency selective surface can reflect low-frequency signals.

[0407] Fig.39 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a direction simulation of a second antenna located behind a first antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.36 Take the antenna system shown as an example. Fig.39As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , if the first antenna 801 includes a common phase shifter (i.e., an unshielded phase shifter) or a planar frequency selective surface, the first antenna 801 has an electromagnetic shielding effect on the second antenna 802, and the actual radiation pattern of the second antenna 802 shown by the solid line deviates greatly from the reference radiation pattern (i.e., the ideal radiation pattern) shown by the dotted line. Fig.39 As shown in (b), if the first antenna 801 includes the three-dimensional frequency selective surface and the shielded phase shifter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 801 is electromagnetically transparent to the second antenna 802, and the actual radiation pattern of the second antenna 802 shown by the solid line is basically consistent with the reference radiation pattern shown by the dotted line.

[0408] Fig.40 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a feeder line loss simulation of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.40 As shown, H1 and N1 are respectively the insertion loss curve and return loss curve of the feeder line of antenna 1 when the antenna includes an ordinary reflector (or includes a planar frequency selective surface), and H2 and N2 are respectively the insertion loss curve and return loss curve of the feeder line of antenna 2 when the antenna includes the three-dimensional frequency selective surface provided in the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from the figure that the insertion loss curve and return loss curve of the feeder line of antenna 1 are not smooth and have resonance; the insertion loss curve and return loss curve of the feeder line of antenna 2 are relatively smooth and have no resonance. And the insertion loss of the feeder line of antenna 2 is less than the insertion loss of the feeder line of antenna 1, and the return loss of the feeder line of antenna 2 is less than the return loss of the feeder line of antenna 1. In other words, when the frequency selective surface provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to the antenna, the loss problem caused by resonance can be avoided or reduced.

[0409] In an embodiment of the present application, a communication device is further provided, comprising a radio frequency module and an antenna (such as antenna 500, 600 or 700) or an antenna system described in the above embodiment, wherein the radio frequency module is used to send a radio frequency signal to the antenna or the antenna system. For example, the antenna may be Figures 5 to 35 The antenna involved. Exemplarily, the antenna system can be Fig.36 The antenna system involved.

[0410] In some embodiments, the RF module integrates two or more discrete devices such as RF switch, low noise amplifier, filter, duplexer, power amplifier, etc. into one module, which can improve integration and performance and make the volume smaller.

[0411] In some embodiments, the antenna can receive a radio frequency signal from the radio frequency module and transmit the radio frequency signal. In addition, the antenna can also send the received radio frequency signal to the radio frequency module. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the frequency of the radio frequency signal.

[0412] In some embodiments, the communication device may further include an energy device for providing energy to the radio frequency module and the antenna.

[0413] In some embodiments, the communication device may be integrated into Figure 1 On the base station 101 shown.

[0414] In an embodiment of the present application, a communication system is also provided. The communication system may include a terminal device and a base station. The base station may include the antenna or antenna system described in the above embodiment.

[0415] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiating unit, used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals; A first frequency selective surface is arranged on one side of the radiation unit, the first frequency selective surface comprises a plurality of aperture units, wherein the plurality of aperture units comprises adjacent first aperture units, second aperture units and a metal entity located between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit, the metal entity being formed with a wire groove; A feeding network is electrically connected to the radiation unit, and part of the feeding wires of the feeding network are accommodated in the wire duct.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal entity between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit includes a first entity portion, a second entity portion and a third entity portion; The first solid part is close to the first aperture unit, and the second solid part is close to the second aperture unit; The surface where the first entity part is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the second entity part is located, and the third entity part is located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located; The first entity part is connected to the third entity part and is arranged at an angle, the second entity part is connected to the third entity part and is arranged at an angle, and the first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part are used to form the wire groove.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first entity portion is arranged perpendicularly to the third entity portion, and / or the second entity portion is arranged perpendicularly to the third entity portion.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An extending direction of the first entity portion starting from an end where the first entity portion is connected to the third entity portion is the same as an extending direction of the second entity portion starting from an end where the second entity portion is connected to the third entity portion.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first entity portion extends from an end where the first entity portion is connected to the third entity portion toward a direction close to the radiation unit, and the second entity portion extends from an end where the second entity portion is connected to the third entity portion toward a direction close to the radiation unit; or, The first entity part extends from one end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from one end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The third entity portion is located in the first plane, and the first entity portion, the second entity portion and the third entity portion form a wire groove.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The first aperture unit and / or the second aperture unit are located in the first plane; or, A projection of the first aperture element and / or the second aperture element in a first direction is located in the first plane, wherein the first direction is a position layout direction between the radiation element and the first frequency selective surface.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The third entity part includes a main body and a protrusion protruding from the surface of the main body. The first entity part and the second entity part are respectively connected to the main body. The protrusion is located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located. The first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part form a plurality of wire grooves.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The protrusion, the first solid portion, and a portion of the main body located between the protrusion and the first solid portion form a first wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The protrusion, the second solid portion, and a portion of the main body located between the protrusion and the second solid portion form a second wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The protrusion includes a first wall and a second wall arranged opposite to each other and a connecting wall for connecting the first wall and the second wall; The first wall is close to the first solid part, and the first wall is arranged opposite to the first solid part; The second wall is close to the second solid part, and the second wall is arranged opposite to the second solid part; The first wall, the second wall, and the connecting wall form a third wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves.

11. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The protrusions include a first protrusion and a second protrusion; The first protrusion, the first solid portion, and a portion of the main body located between the first protrusion and the first solid portion form a first wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The second protrusion, the second solid portion, and a portion of the main body located between the second protrusion and the second solid portion form a second wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The first protrusion, the second protrusion, and a portion of the main body located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion form a third wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that One end of the first entity part away from the radiation unit is connected to the main body, one end of the second entity part away from the radiation unit is connected to the main body, and the protrusion protrudes toward the radiation unit; or, One end of the first entity part close to the radiation unit is connected to the main body, one end of the second entity part close to the radiation unit is connected to the main body, and the protrusion protrudes away from the radiation unit.

13. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An extension direction of the first entity part starting from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part is opposite to an extension direction of the second entity part starting from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part, and the first entity part, the second entity part and the third entity part form a plurality of the wire grooves.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that The first entity portion extends from an end where the first entity portion is connected to the third entity portion in a direction close to the radiation unit, and the second entity portion extends from an end where the second entity portion is connected to the third entity portion in a direction away from the radiation unit; or, The first entity part extends from an end where the first entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction away from the radiation unit, and the second entity part extends from an end where the second entity part is connected to the third entity part in a direction close to the radiation unit.

15. The antenna according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: The third entity portion includes a first sub-portion, a second sub-portion, and a third sub-portion for connecting the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion; One of the first sub-section and the second sub-section is connected to an end of the first solid portion away from the second solid portion in a first direction, and the other of the first sub-section and the second sub-section is connected to an end of the second solid portion away from the first solid portion in the first direction, wherein the first direction is a position layout direction between the radiation element and the first frequency selective surface; The first sub-portion, the first solid portion and the third sub-portion form a first wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The second sub-portion, the second solid portion, and the third sub-portion form a second wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves.

16. The antenna according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: The third entity part includes a main body and a first protrusion, a second protrusion and a third protrusion protruding from a surface of the main body, the first entity part and the second entity part are respectively connected to the main body, and the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion are located between the surface where the first entity part is located and the surface where the second entity part is located; The protruding direction of the first protrusion is the same as the protruding direction of the second protrusion, and the protruding direction of the third protrusion is opposite to the protruding direction of the second protrusion; The protrusions among the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion which are arranged opposite to the first entity part, the first entity part and the main body form a first wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The protrusions of the first protrusion, the second protrusion and the third protrusion that are arranged opposite to the second entity part, the second entity part and the main body form a second wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves; The first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the main body form a third wire groove among the plurality of wire grooves.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that The wire trough comprises an opening facing the radiating element, and the feed wire of the feed network accommodated in the wire trough is arranged on the same side of the first frequency selective surface as the radiating element; or The wire trough includes an opening facing away from the radiating element, and a feeding line of the feeding network accommodated in the wire trough and the radiating element are arranged on different sides of the first frequency selective surface.

18. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that The feeder wires contained in the wire duct may be arranged in any of the following ways: The bottom wall of the conductor slot serves as a microstrip line of the ground plate; At least one side wall of the conductor trough and the bottom wall of the conductor trough serve as a microstrip line of a ground plate; A differential line is disposed at an angle to the bottom wall of the wire trough.

19. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that A phase shifting medium is provided in the conductor slot; or The feeder line accommodated in the wire trough includes a first feeder line segment and a second feeder line segment that are arranged opposite to each other and an insulating layer located between the first feeder line segment and the second feeder line segment. The first feeder line segment is coupled to the second feeder line segment, and the first feeder line segment and the second feeder line segment can move relatively.

20. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that The feeder wires contained in the wire ducts are arranged in a serpentine pattern.

21. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that The feeder wire accommodated in the wire duct is embedded in the wire duct through the first supporting structure.

22. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that The plurality of aperture units further include a third aperture unit adjacent to the first aperture unit, and the first aperture unit is located between the second aperture unit and the third aperture unit; The metal entity between the first aperture unit and the second aperture unit includes a first entity portion, a second entity portion and a third entity portion; The metal entity between the first aperture unit and the third aperture unit includes a fourth entity portion, a fifth entity portion and a sixth entity portion; The surface where the fourth entity part is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the fifth entity part is located, and the sixth entity part is located between the surface where the fourth entity part is located and the surface where the fifth entity part is located; The fourth entity portion is close to the first aperture unit, and the fourth entity portion is connected to the sixth entity portion and is arranged at an angle; The fifth entity portion is close to the third aperture unit, and the fifth entity portion is connected to the sixth entity portion and is arranged at an angle; The first entity part is connected to the fourth entity part through a first bridge portion and a second bridge portion, and the first bridge portion and the second bridge portion are spaced apart in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first aperture unit, the second aperture unit and the third aperture unit, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selective surface.

23. The antenna according to claim 22, characterized in that The first entity portion includes a first end and a second end arranged along the second direction, the fourth entity portion includes a third end and a fourth end arranged along the second direction, the first end and the third end are located on the same side, and the second end and the fourth end are located on the same side; The first bridging portion connects the first end of the first entity part and the third end of the fourth entity part, and the second bridging portion connects the second end of the first entity part and the fourth end of the fourth entity part to form a through hole between the first entity part, the fourth entity part, the first bridging portion and the second bridging portion.

24. The antenna according to claim 23, characterized in that The first bridging portion connects an end surface of the first end in the first direction with an end surface of the third end in the first direction, or the first bridging portion connects an end surface of the first end in the second direction with an end surface of the third end in the second direction; and / or The second bridge portion connects an end surface of the second end in the first direction and an end surface of the fourth end in the first direction, or the second bridge portion connects an end surface of the second end in the second direction and an end surface of the fourth end in the second direction.

25. The antenna according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that: The through hole is the first aperture unit.

26. The antenna according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that: An embedded portion is disposed in the through hole, a projection of the embedded portion in the first direction is located within a projection range of the through hole in the first direction, and a gap between the through hole and the embedded portion forms the first aperture unit.

27. The antenna according to claim 26, characterized in that The embedded portion and the first bridging portion and / or the second bridging portion are located in the same plane; or, The surface where the embedded portion is located is parallel to the surface where the first bridging portion is located and / or the surface where the second bridging portion is located.

28. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that The first frequency selective surface comprises a plurality of frequency selective unit structures, each of the plurality of frequency selective unit structures comprises an aperture unit among the plurality of aperture units and a solid portion for forming a corresponding aperture unit; The multiple frequency selection unit structures include a first frequency selection unit structure and a second frequency selection unit structure, the first frequency selection unit structure includes the first aperture unit and a solid part for forming the first aperture unit, and the second frequency selection unit structure includes the second aperture unit and a solid part for forming the second aperture unit.

29. The antenna according to claim 28, characterized in that The entity part of the first frequency selection unit structure is a U-shaped groove with overlapping edges. The overlapping edges and the side walls of the U-shaped groove are part of the metal entity between adjacent aperture units and are used to form the wire groove. A through hole is opened on the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove.

30. The antenna according to claim 29, characterized in that The solid part of the first frequency selection unit structure includes a base with a through hole and a first side portion extending from the surface of the base in a direction intersecting the surface where the base is located, and the first side portion is arranged around at least a portion of the edge of the through hole.

31. The antenna according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that: The through hole is the first aperture unit; or The solid part of the first frequency selection unit structure also includes an embedded part located in the through hole, the projection of the embedded part in the first direction is located within the projection range of the through hole in the first direction, the gap between the through hole and the embedded part forms the first aperture unit, and the first direction is the position layout direction between the radiation unit and the first frequency selection surface.

32. The antenna according to claim 31, characterized in that The solid portion of the first frequency selection unit structure further includes a second side portion extending from the surface of the embedded portion in a direction intersecting with the surface where the embedded portion is located.

33. The antenna according to any one of claims 28 to 32, characterized in that The first frequency selection unit structure is the same as the second frequency selection unit structure; or The structure of the first frequency selection unit is different from that of the second frequency selection unit.

34. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that The antenna also includes: A second frequency selective surface is provided, wherein the second frequency selective surface is stacked with the first frequency selective surface.

35. The antenna according to claim 34, characterized in that The second frequency selective surface is a planar frequency selective surface.

36. An antenna system, characterized in that: It includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna is located in front of the radiation direction of the second antenna, the first antenna is the antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 35, and the working frequency band of the first antenna is lower than the working frequency band of the second antenna.

37. A communication device, characterized in that: include: RF module; An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 35, or an antenna system as claimed in claim 36; The radio frequency module is used to send radio frequency signals to the antenna or the antenna system.

38. A communication system, characterized in that: Comprises a terminal device and a communication device as claimed in claim 37.

Images