Signal processing and transmitting method, apparatus, system, device, medium and program product

Abstract

This application relates to a signal processing method and apparatus, a signal transmission method and apparatus, a communication system, a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product. The signal processing method includes: determining an estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, and separating multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain; transforming each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain a time-delay Doppler domain single-path signal; combining the pilot mode of the transmitted signal transmitted by the transmitter, and based on the estimated value of the time-delay Doppler domain single-path signal of each communication path and the estimated value of the incident angle, determining an estimated value of the channel parameters for each communication path; compensating for each time-delay Doppler domain single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters for each communication path, and performing data demodulation based on the compensation results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal processing method and apparatus, a signal transmission method and apparatus, a communication system, a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] To address the limited spectrum resources, future wireless communications may employ higher frequency bands, such as millimeter waves and terahertz waves. Furthermore, future communication scenarios may involve numerous high-speed moving objects, such as high-speed trains, airplanes, and low-Earth orbit satellites with relative speeds reaching 400-500 km / h. Both of these factors will lead to greater Doppler shifts, meaning the channel will shift from a time-invariant frequency-selective channel to a dual-selective channel, combining time and frequency selectivity. While the widely adopted Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme exhibits excellent performance and high spectral efficiency in frequency-selective channels, the high Doppler shift in dual-selective channels will result in severe inter-carrier interference (ICI), significantly degrading OFDM performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new modulation techniques robust to dual-selective channels.

[0003] Based on this, Orthogonal Time-Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation emerged, which outperforms OFDM in dual-selective channels. OTFS directly multiplexes data symbols in the delay-Doppler domain, rather than the traditional time-frequency domain. This ensures that each data symbol experiences the same channel in the time-frequency domain, thereby enhancing the diversity of the time and frequency domains.

[0004] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is a candidate solution to meet the stringent rate requirements and high-precision sensing requirements of future wireless communication systems. In a bi-station sensing and communication integrated system based on MIMO-OTFS, although MIMO-OTFS can further increase the capacity and sensing accuracy of the OTFS system, the two-dimensional modulation and demodulation in the time-delay Doppler domain of OTFS results in high complexity for radar sensing and signal demodulation, especially in bi-station sensing and communication integrated systems and scenarios with large-scale receiving antennas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study corresponding low-complexity transceiver designs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a signal processing method and apparatus, a signal transmission method and apparatus, a communication system, a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product that can reduce the complexity of data processing in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a signal processing method, the method comprising:

[0007] Based on the received signals obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path is determined, and multiple single-path signals are separated from the received signals in the angle domain.

[0008] Each single-path signal is transformed to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain;

[0009] Based on the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter, and according to the estimated values ​​of the single-path signal in the Doppler domain of each communication path and the incident angle, the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are determined.

[0010] Based on the estimated channel parameters of each communication path, the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain is compensated, and the data is demodulated based on the compensation results.

[0011] Another method provided in this application is a signal transmission method, comprising:

[0012] Obtain the signal to be processed after precoding the data source using the time-delay Doppler domain;

[0013] According to the pilot pattern, a pilot signal is added to the signal to be processed, and a transmission signal is obtained based on the signal after adding the pilot signal; the pilot pattern includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots;

[0014] The transmitted signal is sent; the transmitted signal is received by the receiver to instruct the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle, and perform compensation and data demodulation on each single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path.

[0015] On the other hand, this application also provides a communication system, the system including a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter being used to transmit a transmission signal, the pilot mode including: the transmission signal including a first target line signal and a second target line signal, the first target line signal being adjacent to the second target line signal, all elements in the first target line signal being zero pilots, one element in the second target line signal being a pulse pilot, and the other elements being zero pilots; the receiver being used to perform the above-described signal processing method.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a signal processing apparatus, comprising:

[0017] The first determining module is used to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, and to separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain.

[0018] The transformation module is used to transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain;

[0019] The second determining module is used to combine the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time delay Doppler domain and the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path.

[0020] The detection module is used to compensate the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain according to the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters of each communication path, and to perform data demodulation based on the compensation results.

[0021] On the other hand, this application also provides a signal transmitting device, comprising:

[0022] The acquisition module is used to acquire the signal to be processed after the data source has been pre-coded in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0023] An adding module is used to add pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to a pilot pattern, and to obtain a transmission signal based on the signal after adding the pilot signals; the pilot pattern includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots;

[0024] A transmitting module is used to transmit the transmitted signal; the transmitted signal is used for reception by a receiver to instruct the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle of each communication path, and perform compensation and data demodulation on each single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path.

[0025] On the other hand, this application also provides a communication device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described signal processing method or signal transmission method.

[0026] On the other hand, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described signal processing method or signal transmission method.

[0027] On the other hand, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described signal processing method or signal transmission method.

[0028] The aforementioned signal processing method and apparatus, signal transmission method and apparatus, communication system, communication equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna. Utilizing the sparsity of the received signal in the angular domain channel, multiple single-path signals can be separated from aliased multipath signals. The separated single-path signals are transformed into the time-delay Doppler domain, and using the pilot portion of the transmitted signal, the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are estimated based on the estimated incident angle of each communication path. Furthermore, based on the estimated channel parameters of each communication path, the separated single-path signals are compensated, thereby enabling low-complexity data demodulation based on the compensation results. In this application, by utilizing the sparsity of the angle domain channel brought about by the massive MIMO antenna, single-path signals in different communication paths can be separated from the aliased multipath signals. Thus, demodulation and channel estimation can be performed directly on each separated single-path signal, without the need to process all received signals. This reduces the amount of data processing and the complexity of the algorithm, and greatly improves the efficiency of channel parameter estimation and signal detection. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a communication system in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitter sending a transmission signal in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the data frame structure of the transmitted signal in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing principle of the receiver in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a signal processing method in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the estimated values ​​of channel parameters for any communication path in one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a signal transmission method in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a simulation result of the channel parameter estimation accuracy of this application in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 9 The following is a simulation result of the bit error rate of data detection in this application in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a signal processing device in one embodiment;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a structural block diagram of a signal transmitting device in one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 12 This is an internal structure diagram of a communication device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0043] To address the limited spectrum resources, future wireless communications may employ higher frequency bands, such as millimeter waves and terahertz waves. Furthermore, future communication scenarios will involve numerous high-speed moving objects, such as high-speed trains, airplanes, and low-Earth orbit satellites with relative speeds reaching 400-500 km / h. Both of these factors will lead to greater Doppler shifts, meaning the channel will shift from a time-invariant frequency-selective channel to a dual-selective channel, combining time and frequency selectivity. While the widely adopted Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme exhibits excellent performance and high spectral efficiency in frequency-selective channels, the high Doppler shift in dual-selective channels will result in severe inter-carrier interference (ICI), significantly degrading OFDM performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new modulation techniques robust to dual-selective channels.

[0044] Based on this, Orthogonal Time-Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation emerged, which outperforms OFDM in dual-selective channels. OTFS directly multiplexes data symbols in the delay-Doppler domain, rather than the traditional time-frequency domain. This ensures that each data symbol experiences the same channel in the time-frequency domain, thereby enhancing the diversity of the time and frequency domains.

[0045] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is a candidate solution to meet the stringent rate requirements and high-precision sensing requirements of future wireless communication systems. In a bi-station sensing and communication integrated system based on MIMO-OTFS, although MIMO-OTFS can further increase the capacity and sensing accuracy of the OTFS system, the radar sensing and signal demodulation complexity is high due to the two-dimensional modulation and demodulation performed by OTFS in the time-delay Doppler domain, especially in bi-station sensing and communication integrated systems and scenarios with large-scale receiving antennas.

[0046] Based on this, this application provides a signal processing method that utilizes the sparsity of the angular domain channel brought about by a large-scale antenna to separate single-path signals from aliased multipath signals. This allows for direct demodulation and channel estimation of each separated single-path signal, eliminating the need to process all received signals. This reduces the amount of data processing and algorithm complexity, and significantly improves the efficiency of channel parameter estimation and signal detection.

[0047] For example, the signal processing method and / or signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to, for example, Figure 1 The application environment shown. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a communication system including a transmitter 102 and a receiver 104. The OTFS signal transmitted by the transmitter 102 is received by the receiver 104 after passing through a target. It is understood that there can be multiple targets in this communication system, such as target 1, target 2, ..., target K, etc. (where K is a positive integer greater than 1). This application can achieve target perception through the communication system, that is, obtain the channel parameters of the communication path related to the target. Furthermore, the target's position can be calculated based on the channel parameters of the relevant communication path.

[0048] It should be noted that the transmitter in the communication system of this application can specifically be an OTFS transmitter with multiple antennas, and the receiver in the communication system of this application can specifically be an OTFS receiver equipped with a massive MIMO antenna. The multi-antenna transmitter transmits an OTFS signal with low pilot overhead, and the OTFS signal is received by the multi-antenna receiver after passing through a time-selective and frequency-selective channel. The receiver first estimates the channel parameters, including the channel attenuation coefficient, discrete delay exponent, and discrete Doppler exponent, based on the pilot signal in the OTFS using the low-complexity channel parameter estimation method provided in this application. Then, it performs low-complexity data detection (also known as data demodulation) based on the estimated channel parameter values.

[0049] Among them, OTFS refers to Orthogonal Time Frequency Space, which performs two-dimensional modulation of information in the time-delay-Doppler domain and two-dimensional extension in the time-frequency domain. Compared with traditional OFDM, it has stronger anti-interference ability and stability in environments with severe multipath and Doppler effects, as well as higher diversity gain, striving to provide more reliable and efficient communication services for vehicle networking, drone communication and other high-speed mobile applications.

[0050] Before providing a detailed description of the signal processing method provided in this application, the signal transmission process, the derivation of the channel model, and the pilot mode will be introduced first:

[0051] First, the transmitter is equipped with The receiver is equipped with a transmitting antenna. Based on the actual situation, consider the following when using the receiving antenna. It's very big. This is a typical scale. Communication uses OTFS signals, and the number of orthogonal subcarriers in each OTFS signal is... The number of time slots is The subcarrier spacing is (Hz), duration is (s).

[0052] For ease of analysis, the discrete model of the signal in the system is discussed below, i.e., it has already undergone down-conversion and sampling.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a transmitter sending a transmitted signal in one embodiment. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 2 This will explain the signal transmission process.

[0054] set up and They represent the first ( =1,2,…, Let ) be the pre-coded signal matrix on the transmit antenna in the time-delay-Doppler domain and the time-delay-time domain. and They represent the corresponding vector forms, where To represent the vectorization of a matrix, let... and Therefore:

[0055] (Formula 1)

[0056] in, Indicates the Kronecker product. express An identity matrix of dimension 1 express The discrete-time Fourier transform matrix of dimension 1. express An identity matrix of 3D; This indicates the transpose operation on a vector or matrix. This represents the conjugate transpose operation on a vector or matrix.

[0057] set up and They represent the first Based on the power factor of the transmitting antenna and the signal after power allocation, let and The following relationship exists:

[0058] (Formula 2)

[0059] in, express An identity matrix of dimension 1.

[0060] set up Indicates the first Let the transmitted signal from the transmitting antenna, after undergoing the Discrete Inverse Fourier Transform (IDFT) in the time-time-space domain, be... Therefore:

[0061] (Formula 3)

[0062] in, express The discrete-time Fourier transform matrix of dimension .

[0063] Next is the derivation of the channel model.

[0064] In high-speed mobile scenarios, the communication channel is a time-selective and frequency-selective channel, assuming there are a total of 1 independent distinguishable path signal, of which the 1st The path attenuation coefficient of the path is The starting angle is Angle of incidence is Discrete delay exponent is The discrete Doppler index is The guidance vector of the departure angle is The guiding vector of the incident angle Therefore, we have the following channel matrix:

[0065] (Formula 4)

[0066] in, It is the guiding vector matrix. , This is the permutation matrix representing the effect of the discrete time delay exponent. This is the diagonal matrix representing the influence of the discrete Doppler index. It should be noted that this application primarily considers the case where both the discrete time delay index and the discrete Doppler index are integers.

[0067] Next is a description of the new low-overhead pilot mode proposed in this application.

[0068] express The Line number The elements of the column, where ,in addition This represents data symbols other than pilot symbols.

[0069] For example, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data frame structure of the transmitted signal in one embodiment, hence the following expression:

[0070] (Formula 5)

[0071] in, The symbol representing the pilot signal of a pulse, i.e., the pulse data. The symbol for zero pilot. and +1 represents the row and column number of the pulse pilot, respectively, and satisfy ,in It is the largest discrete delay exponent in the channel.

[0072] It is understood that in other implementations, the row signal where the pulse pilot is located may precede the row signal where the all-zero pilot is located, and this application does not limit this.

[0073] Next, let's combine... Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the signal processing principle of a receiver, explaining a low-complexity channel estimation algorithm and a signal detection framework. Figure 4 As shown, with the help of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) module, the receiver performs a Discrete Fourier Transform on the received signal, estimates the incident angle, and separates the multipath signals in the angular domain. Then, it performs OTFS demodulation on each single-path signal and estimates the channel parameters, thereby enabling data detection based on the estimated channel parameter values.

[0074] The following section provides a detailed explanation of channel parameter estimation and data demodulation.

[0075] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a signal processing method is provided, which is applied to... Figure 1 The following steps are used as an example to illustrate the process of using a receiver in a computer, including steps 502 to 506. Wherein:

[0076] Step 502: Based on the received signals obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path, and separate multiple single-path signals from the received signals in the angle domain.

[0077] Specifically, the transmitter sends a transmitted signal, and the receiver receives the signal via a receiving antenna. The received signal is called the received signal. In some embodiments, the received signal obtained by the receiver is a signal in the time-delay-time-space domain (also called the time-delay-time-space domain). The receiver can perform a Discrete Fourier Transform on the time-delay-time-space domain signal to obtain the received signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain (also called the time-delay-time-angle domain). Then, the incident angles of P communication paths are determined based on the energy of the received signal. Here, P is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0078] It should be noted that the receiving antennas deployed on the receiver in this application are large-scale (e.g., the number of receiving antennas exceeds a preset number). Each receiving antenna receives a signal. Assuming no signal overlap, in reality, P receiving antennas will receive the signal, while the rest will only receive noise. Therefore, based on the energy of the signals received by the antennas, P single-path signals can be separated in the time-delay-time-angle domain.

[0079] In some embodiments, after estimating the incident angles of P communication paths and separating the P single-path signals, the receiver can associate the incident angle of each communication path with the single-path signal.

[0080] In some embodiments, the energy of the signal can be calculated by squared the modulus of the received signal.

[0081] For example, by ( =1,2,…, ) indicates the first The received signal in the time-space domain on the root receiving antenna, let Therefore, the received signal expression is as follows:

[0082] (Formula 6)

[0083] in, The signal is Gaussian white noise in the time-delay-time-space domain. Using a Discrete Fourier Transform module, the received signal in the time-delay-time-space domain is transformed into a signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain, as shown in the following expression:

[0084] (Formula 7)

[0085] in, This represents a Gaussian white noise signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain.

[0086] The receiver can estimate the incident angles of P communication paths using the received signal energy, thus obtaining estimated values ​​for the incident angles of the P communication paths. Based on the sparsity of large-scale receiving antennas in the angular domain, it is naturally possible to separate the single-path signals of the P communication paths in the time-delay-time-angle domain.

[0087] Step 504: Transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0088] Specifically, the receiver can use the OTFS module to demodulate each single-path signal in the time-delay domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay-Doppler domain.

[0089] Step 506: Combining the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter, and based on the estimated values ​​of the single-path signal in the Doppler domain of each communication path and the incident angle, determine the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path.

[0090] The channel parameters of the communication path can specifically include the discrete delay index, the discrete Doppler index, and the channel attenuation coefficient. The receiver can determine the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path based on the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal and the estimated incident angle of each communication path.

[0091] Step 508: Based on the estimated channel parameters of each communication path, the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain is compensated, and the data is demodulated based on the compensation results.

[0092] Furthermore, the receiver can construct a channel compensation matrix for each communication path based on the estimated channel parameters of each path, and then perform channel compensation on the single-path signal of the corresponding communication path according to the channel compensation matrix. Finally, data demodulation can be achieved based on the compensated signal.

[0093] The aforementioned signal processing method determines the estimated angle of incidence for each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna. Utilizing the sparsity of the received signal in the angular domain channel, multiple single-path signals can be separated from the aliased multipath signals. The separated single-path signals are transformed into the time-delay Doppler domain, and using the pilot portion of the transmitted signal, the estimated channel parameters for each communication path are estimated based on the estimated angle of incidence for each path. Then, compensation is performed on the separated single-path signals based on the estimated channel parameters for each communication path, enabling low-complexity data demodulation based on the compensation results. In this application, the sparsity of the angular domain channel provided by large-scale antennas allows for the separation of single-path signals from different communication paths from the aliased multipath signals. This allows for direct demodulation and channel estimation for each separated single-path signal, eliminating the need to process all received signals, reducing data processing volume and algorithm complexity, and significantly improving the efficiency of channel parameter estimation and signal detection.

[0094] In some embodiments, determining an estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter includes: performing a discrete Fourier transform on the received signal in the time-space domain acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter to obtain the received signal in the time-angle domain; calculating the energy of the received signal in each time-angle domain; determining the target position of the target antenna based on the energy of the received signals acquired by multiple receiving antennas; and determining an estimated value of the incident angle of multiple communication paths based on the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna.

[0095] Specifically, the receiver performs a Discrete Fourier Transform on the received signals in the time-space domain acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter to obtain the received signals in the time-angle domain. Then, for each received signal, its energy is calculated. Based on the energy of the received signals from multiple receiving antennas, the target position of the target antenna with the actual signal is determined. Then, based on the expression for the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the multiple target positions, the estimated values ​​of the incident angles for multiple communication paths are determined.

[0096] In some embodiments, determining the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of multiple communication paths based on the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna includes: constructing a sine expression of the incident angle based on preset parameters; transforming the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain according to the sine expression of the incident angle to obtain a target expression; determining the position parameters of the elements in the target expression that have a value of 1; the position parameters being determined based on the preset parameters; using the target position of the target antenna as the value of the position parameters to solve for the preset parameters to obtain the value of the preset parameters; and determining the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of multiple communication paths based on the value of the preset parameters.

[0097] In some embodiments, the received signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain can be represented by Equation 7:

[0098] (Formula 7)

[0099] in, This represents a Gaussian white noise signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain.

[0100] Let be the expression for the incident angle in the discrete angle domain. Let be the expression for the departure angle in the discrete angle domain. and Considering the small number of transmitting antennas compared to the large number of receiving antennas, and taking into account the sparsity in the angular domain caused by the large number of receiving antennas, the sine expression for the incident angle can be expressed in the following form: And preset parameters For integers, satisfying .

[0101] make express The There are elements, among which The sine expression of the angle of incidence Substitute into the expression for the incident angle in the discrete angle domain. In this case, the following objective expression can be obtained by summing a geometric series:

[0102] (Formula 8)

[0103] in, express Mold taking operation.

[0104] pass Indicates the first The signal in the time-delay-time-angle domain on the root receiving antenna, The receiver can calculate the total energy of the received signal on each receiving antenna using the following formula 9:

[0105] (Formula 9)

[0106] Furthermore, the receiver identifies the maximum energy from the received signals of each receiving antenna. Each value, whose corresponding position is denoted as . .

[0107] The position parameter for the element with a value of 1 in the target expression is determined by referring to Formula 8. This position parameter is obtained by taking the modulo of the sum of the number of receiving antennas, the preset parameter, and the value 1. In this way, the receiver can extract the maximum energy from the received signal. The positions of each value are used as position parameters to solve for the preset parameters, resulting in P values ​​of the preset parameters. Further, the receiver can perform arcsine calculations based on the sine expression of the incident angle and the P values ​​of the preset parameters to obtain P estimated values ​​of the incident angle. Let the estimated value of the incident angle corresponding to the p-th communication path be...

[0108] Then, the estimated values ​​of the P incident angles are denoted as... .

[0109] In the above embodiments, by utilizing the sparsity of the angle domain caused by the large-scale receiving antenna, the incident angle can be estimated in the angle domain by using the energy of the received signal, thereby obtaining the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of P communication paths.

[0110] In some embodiments, the pilot pattern includes: the transmitted signal includes a first target line signal and a second target line signal, the first target line signal and the second target line signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target line signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target line signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

[0111] For example, please refer to Figure 3 The pilot modes of the transmitted signal include: the first... All row elements are zero pilots, the first row... Except for the first row All elements except the elements in the column have zero pilot frequency. Line number The elements of a column are pulse pilots. That is, if a row in the transmitted signal is all-zero pilots, then in the next row, all elements are zero pilots except for one specified element which is a pulse pilot.

[0112] In other embodiments, the first step in transmitting the signal can also be designed. All row elements are zero pilots, the first row... Except for the first row All elements except the elements in the column have zero pilot frequency. Line number The elements of the column are pulse pilots.

[0113] The pilot mode provided in this application has only two fixed lines of pilot overhead, which does not change linearly with the increase of the number of transmitting antennas. The pilot overhead is low, and under this pilot mode, channel parameter estimation and data demodulation can be achieved without designing complex receiver algorithms.

[0114] The following section explains the specific process of channel parameter estimation using pilot modes:

[0115] refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the channel parameters include the discrete delay exponent, the discrete Doppler exponent, and the channel attenuation coefficient; combined with the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter, and based on the estimated values ​​of the single-path signal and the incident angle in the delay Doppler domain of each communication path, the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are determined, including: determining the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for any communication path through steps 602 to 610:

[0116] Step 602: Matrix the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain a matrix signal.

[0117] Specifically, each time-delayed Doppler domain single-path signal contains MN symbols, and the receiver can convert the single-path signal into a matrix signal of M rows and N columns, or M columns and N rows.

[0118] Step 604: Determine the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent based on the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot and the matrix signal.

[0119] Among them, the theoretical number of rows of all-zero pilots refers to the number of rows of all-zero pilots in the transmitted signal in the pilot mode.

[0120] Specifically, through Represents the separated first in the time-delay domain A single-path signal, expressed as follows:

[0121] (Formula 10)

[0122] in, This represents a Gaussian white noise signal in the time-delay domain.

[0123] pass Indicates the separated first For a single-path signal in the time-delay-Doppler domain, the following relationship can be obtained using the OTFS demodulation module:

[0124] (Formula 11)

[0125] in, This represents the Gaussian white noise signal in the time-delay-Doppler domain.

[0126] make ,in Represents the matrixing of vectors, and at the same time express The Line number The elements of the column, where , express The There are elements, among which Combining this with the pilot mode, we have the following expression:

[0127] (Formula 12)

[0128] It can be found The One row is all noise, while the other rows contain signals.

[0129] Therefore, in some embodiments, the estimated value of the discrete delay index is determined based on the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot and the matrix signal, including: calculating the energy of each row of the matrix signal; and determining the estimated value of the discrete delay index based on the number of rows of the row signal corresponding to the minimum energy and the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot.

[0130] Specifically, the receiver can calculate using formula 13. Energy of each line of signal:

[0131] (Formula 13)

[0132] Then, the receiver finds the row with the lowest energy, and its corresponding position is recorded as... The theoretical number of rows for all-zero pilots could be, for example, Therefore, the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent is the difference between the number of rows of the signal corresponding to the minimum energy and the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot, which is also the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent. .

[0133] In the above embodiments, based on the number of rows of the lowest energy row signal in each single-path signal and the theoretical number of rows of all-zero pilots, the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent of the corresponding communication path can be determined quickly and accurately.

[0134] Step 606: Determine the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay index, the theoretical position of the pulse pilot, and the matrix signal.

[0135] The theoretical position of the pulse pilot refers to its location within the transmitted signal.

[0136] In some embodiments, determining the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay index, the theoretical position of the pulse pilot, and the matrix signal includes: determining a first row of signals from the matrix signal based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay index and the theoretical row number of the pulse pilot; selecting the position with the highest energy in the first row of signals; and determining the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index based on the theoretical column number of the pulse pilot and the position with the highest energy in the target row of signals.

[0137] For example, the row signal where the pulse pilot is located can be represented by Equation 14:

[0138] (Formula 14)

[0139] Specifically, the receiver can perform an addition operation on the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent and the theoretical row number of the pulse pilot to obtain the actual row number of the pulse pilot in the matrix signal. Then, based on the actual row number, it can filter out the first row of the signal containing the pulse pilot from the matrix signal. .

[0140] Then, the energy of each symbol in the first line of the signal can be calculated, thus finding the position with the maximum energy, which is represented by Formula 15:

[0141] (Formula 15)

[0142] Furthermore, it can be understood that, according to Formula 14, the location of maximum energy in the first row of signals is the location of the pulse pilot, theoretically... Therefore, the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index can be determined based on the difference between the position of the highest energy in the first line of signal and the theoretical position of the pulse pilot.

[0143] For example, the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index can be expressed by Equation 16:

[0144] (Formula 16)

[0145] Step 608: Determine the estimated value of the starting angle of the corresponding communication path based on the estimated value of the incident angle and the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent.

[0146] Specifically, for each communication path, given the incident angle of the communication path, the transmission angle of the communication path can be calculated using trigonometric functions or elliptic calculations based on fixed receiver and transmitter positions.

[0147] Step 610: Determine the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the estimated value of the departure angle, the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, and the estimated value of the discrete Doppler exponent.

[0148] Specifically, the receiver can determine the first row of signals corresponding to the pulse pilots and the second row of signals corresponding to the all-zero pilots from the matrix signal based on the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent. Then, it can calculate the energy difference between the first and second row signals. This energy difference is theoretically determined by the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilots; therefore, based on the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilots, and combined with the estimated values ​​of the departure angle, discrete delay exponent, and discrete Doppler exponent, the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient can be determined.

[0149] In the above embodiments, based on the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal, the channel parameters of each communication path can be estimated in a low-complexity manner, which greatly improves the efficiency of channel parameter estimation.

[0150] In some embodiments, the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient includes the magnitude and phase of the channel attenuation coefficient. Determining the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the estimated values ​​of the departure angle, discrete delay exponent, and discrete Doppler exponent for each communication path includes: determining the first row of signals corresponding to the pulse pilot and the second row of signals corresponding to the all-zero pilot from the matrix signal based on the estimated values ​​of the discrete delay exponent; determining the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the energy difference between the first and second row signals, the estimated value of the departure angle of the communication path, and the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilot; and determining the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient and the actual signal corresponding to the pulse pilot in the matrix signal.

[0151] Specifically, for the channel attenuation coefficient ,in and These are the magnitude and phase of the channel attenuation coefficient, respectively. The receiver can obtain the energy of the first row of signals containing the pulse pilot in the matrix signal using the following formula 17, and the energy of the second row of signals containing the all-zero pilot in the matrix signal using formula 18.

[0152] (Formula 17)

[0153] (Formula 18)

[0154] in, It is the power of the noise in the time-delay-Doppler domain.

[0155] The receiver can combine Equations 17 and 18 to obtain the expression for the modulus of the channel attenuation coefficient, which is Equation 19:

[0156] (Formula 19)

[0157] In this way, the receiver can determine the energy difference between the first and second lines of signals, as well as the pilot data corresponding to the pulse pilot. The estimated value of the starting angle of the communication path p is used to calculate the modulus of the channel attenuation coefficient.

[0158] Furthermore, after obtaining estimates of the discrete delay exponent, discrete Doppler exponent, departure angle, and magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient for the communication path, the construct signal for the pulse pilot can be determined by combining the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient. Then, maximum likelihood estimation is performed based on the construct signal and the actual pulse pilot signal to determine the phase value of the channel attenuation coefficient.

[0159] For example, the receiver can determine the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient by performing maximum likelihood estimation using the following formulas 20 and 21:

[0160] (Formula 20)

[0161] (Formula 21)

[0162] in, This represents all possible values ​​of the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient. This represents the phase of the estimated channel attenuation coefficient.

[0163] In the above embodiments, the channel attenuation coefficient can be estimated quickly and accurately using the estimated discrete delay index, discrete Doppler index, departure angle, and other parameters, along with the line signal including pulse pilots and all-zero pilots.

[0164] In some embodiments, the compensation result includes the compensation result corresponding to each of the multiple transmission symbols, and data demodulation based on the compensation result includes: demodulating the data corresponding to the compensation result of each transmission symbol to obtain the transmitted signal.

[0165] It should be noted that in the aforementioned embodiments, the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are calculated. Therefore, for each communication path, a channel compensation matrix can be determined based on the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters. For example, the channel compensation matrix can be represented by Equation 22. :

[0166] (Formula 22)

[0167] Substituting the estimated channel parameters into Equation 22 yields the channel compensation matrix for the communication path.

[0168] Furthermore, the receiver can directly perform channel compensation on each separated single-path signal in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and then combine them... The compensated signal is then demodulated.

[0169] For example, the compensated signal The following expression exists:

[0170] (Formula 23)

[0171] make , and Therefore, for each transmission symbol, its equivalent channel matrix can be considered the same. Furthermore, based on the compensation results for each transmission symbol in the compensation results, the input-output relationship for that transmission symbol can be constructed, resulting in the following: Low-dimensional equations (input-output relationships) with identical equivalent channel matrices, where the first... The input-output relationship corresponding to each transmission symbol is as follows:

[0172] (Formula 24)

[0173] It can be understood that data demodulation for each transmitted symbol can be performed using the above formula 24, and the demodulation dimension of formula 24 is P*N. T Since the dimensionality is very low, the complexity is low and the demodulation efficiency is high when using the least squares method or maximum likelihood estimation algorithm for data demodulation. Furthermore, applying the above methods to demodulate each transmitted symbol in combination can also reduce demodulation time and improve demodulation efficiency.

[0174] Thus, after obtaining the demodulation result of each transmission symbol, the transmission signal sent by the transmitter is obtained by combining the demodulation results of MN transmission symbols.

[0175] In the above embodiments, after channel compensation is performed on the received signal, the input-output relationship of each transmitted symbol is constructed using the compensation result. This breaks down signal demodulation into demodulation of each symbol, significantly reducing data processing dimensionality and demodulation complexity. Therefore, the complete transmitted signal can be obtained from the demodulation result of each symbol, achieving low-complexity signal detection.

[0176] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, a signal transmission method is provided, which is applied to... Figure 1Taking the transmitter in the example, the explanation includes the following steps 702 to 706. Wherein:

[0177] Step 702: Obtain the signal to be processed after precoding the data source using the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0178] Specifically, the transmitter performs time-delay Doppler domain precoding on the data source to be transmitted to obtain the signal to be processed.

[0179] Step 704: Add pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to the pilot mode, and obtain the transmission signal based on the signal after adding the pilot signals; the pilot mode includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

[0180] Specifically, the transmitter adds pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to the designed pilot pattern, and performs OTFS modulation, power allocation, and discrete inverse Fourier transform on the signal after adding pilot signals to obtain the transmitted signal.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first transmission signal All row elements are zero pilots, the first row... Except for the first row All elements except the elements in the column have zero pilot frequency. Line number The elements of the column are pulse pilots.

[0182] In other embodiments, the first step in transmitting the signal can also be designed. All row elements are zero pilots, the first row... Except for the first row All elements except the elements in the column have zero pilot frequency. Line number The elements of the column are pulse pilots.

[0183] Step 706: Transmit a transmission signal; the transmitted signal is used for the receiver to receive, instructing the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle of each communication path, and perform compensation and data demodulation on each single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path.

[0184] Specifically, the transmitter sends a transmission signal, which is received by the receiver after propagation. After receiving the signal, the receiver executes steps 502 to 508 in the aforementioned embodiment to demodulate and obtain the data source.

[0185] In the above embodiments, before transmitting the transmission signal, the transmitter adds pilot signals. The pilot pattern is such that the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, which are adjacent to each other. All elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, and one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, while the others are zero pilots. Thus, the receiver can perform channel parameter estimation and data demodulation using only two rows of pilot overhead. This reduces pilot overhead, data processing volume, and algorithm complexity, significantly improving the efficiency of channel parameter estimation and signal detection.

[0186] In some embodiments, this application provides a signal processing method, including the following steps:

[0187] The transmitter acquires the signal to be processed after the data source has been precoded in the time-delayed Doppler domain.

[0188] The transmitter adds pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to the pilot mode, and obtains the transmission signal based on the signal after adding the pilot signals. The pilot mode includes: the transmission signal includes a first target line signal and a second target line signal, the first target line signal and the second target line signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target line signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target line signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

[0189] The transmitter sends out a transmission signal.

[0190] The receiver performs a discrete Fourier transform on the received signals in the time-space domain acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter to obtain the received signals in the time-angle domain. It calculates the energy of the received signals in each time-angle domain, determines the target position of the target antenna based on the energy of the received signals obtained by multiple receiving antennas, and determines the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of multiple communication paths based on the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna.

[0191] The receiver filters out signals with energy greater than a threshold based on the energy of the received signal in the angle domain at each time delay, so as to separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain.

[0192] The receiver converts each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0193] The receiver determines the estimated channel parameters for any communication path through the following steps: The single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain is matrixed to obtain a matrix signal; the energy of each row of signals in the matrix signal is calculated; based on the row number corresponding to the minimum energy and the theoretical row number of the all-zero pilot, the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent is determined. Based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent and the theoretical row number of the pulse pilot, the first row of signals is determined from the matrix signal; the position with the highest energy in the first row of signals is selected; based on the theoretical column number of the pulse pilot and the position with the highest energy in the target row of signals, the estimated value of the discrete Doppler exponent is determined. Based on the estimated values ​​of the incident angle and the discrete time delay exponent of the communication path, the estimated value of the corresponding departure angle of the communication path is determined. Based on the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, the first row of signals corresponding to the pulse pilot and the second row of signals corresponding to the all-zero pilot are determined from the matrix signal. Based on the energy difference between the first and second row signals, the estimated value of the departure angle of the communication path, and the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilot, the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient is determined. Based on the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient and the actual signal corresponding to the pulse pilot in the matrix signal, the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient is determined.

[0194] Based on the estimated channel parameters of each communication path, compensation is performed on the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain. The compensation result includes the compensation result for each transmission symbol in multiple transmission symbols. Data demodulation is then performed on the compensation result for each transmission symbol to obtain the transmitted signal.

[0195] This application presents a low-overhead and low-complexity signal processing method based on OTFS, and designs a novel MIMO-OTFS transceiver architecture. By employing this unique architecture, received signals from different paths can be effectively separated in the delay-time-angle domain, thereby significantly reducing inter-path and inter-antenna interference. Secondly, at the transmitter, a novel low-overhead pilot mode is designed, which eliminates the need for a guard interval, significantly reducing pilot overhead and improving spectral efficiency. Finally, at the receiver, a corresponding low-complexity channel parameter estimation method is designed utilizing the three-dimensional sparsity of the channel in the delay-Doppler-angle domain, and a low-complexity signal detection framework is also designed to complete the transmission of MIMO-OTFS signals.

[0196] For example, a simulation analysis was performed based on the signal processing method and signal transmission method provided in this application, as detailed below:

[0197] Set the carrier frequency to Subcarrier spacing number of carriers Number of time slots Number of transmitting antennas Number of receiving antennas Number of communication paths Where P1 represents communication path 6 and P2 represents communication path 12; maximum discrete delay exponent Maximum Discrete Doppler Index The maximum discrete time delay index and the maximum discrete Doppler index correspond to a maximum propagation distance of 5 kilometers and a maximum speed of 703 meters per second, respectively.

[0198] The bit error rate is used to measure the accuracy of data detection, and the normalized mean square error of the channel matrix is ​​used to measure the accuracy of channel estimation, as defined below:

[0199] (Formula 25)

[0200] in Representing vectors or matrices norm, and The definition is as follows:

[0201] (Formula 26)

[0202] Figure 8 Channel parameter estimation based on the embodiments provided in this application Simulations using normalized mean squared error (MSE) are conducted, comparing the proposed algorithm with the traditional method of three-dimensional orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) to verify the effectiveness of the proposed low-complexity parameter estimation algorithm. Specifically, curve "Proposed-64-P1" represents the simulation scenario using the proposed channel estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 64 and 6 communication paths; curve "Proposed-64-P2" represents the simulation scenario using the proposed channel estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 64 and 12 communication paths; curve "OMP-64-P1" represents the simulation scenario using the traditional three-dimensional orthogonal matching pursuit parameter estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 64 and 6 communication paths; and curve "OMP..." The curve "-64-P2" represents the simulation scenario using the traditional three-dimensional orthogonal matched pursuit parameter estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 64 and a communication path count of 12; the curve "OMP-128-P1" represents the simulation scenario using the traditional three-dimensional orthogonal matched pursuit parameter estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 128 and a communication path count of 6; the curve "OMP-128-P2" represents the simulation scenario using the traditional three-dimensional orthogonal matched pursuit parameter estimation method with a total pilot overhead of 128 and a communication path count of 12.

[0203] Furthermore, as can be observed from the figure, the parameter estimation algorithm proposed in this application achieves optimal performance with minimal pilot overhead, regardless of whether the number of paths is large or small. In addition, the parameter estimation algorithm proposed in this application exhibits robust performance under challenging channel conditions, such as high Doppler shift, large time delay offset, and more paths, over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNR).

[0204] Figure 9 To illustrate the performance simulation of data demodulation based on the embodiments provided in this application, the effectiveness of the data detection framework of this application is demonstrated by comparing the BER (bit error probability) of data demodulation using maximum likelihood detection (ML) and linear least squares method under different channel parameter estimation methods. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 9 The curves are as follows: "Perfect-ML" represents the BER (Breakpoint Result) of data detection using maximum likelihood estimation in the perfect case (i.e., without channel estimation error); "Perfect-LS" represents the BER of data detection using least squares in the perfect case (i.e., without channel estimation error); "Proposed-64-ML" represents the simulation scenario using the data demodulation method of this application with a total pilot overhead of 64 and specifically using maximum likelihood estimation; "Proposed-64-LS" represents the simulation scenario using the data demodulation method of this application with a total pilot overhead of 64 and specifically using least squares; "OMP-192-ML" represents the simulation scenario using the conventional method with a total pilot overhead of 192 and specifically using maximum likelihood estimation for data detection; "OMP-192-LS" represents the simulation scenario using the conventional method with a total pilot overhead of 192 and specifically using least squares for data detection. The simulation results above demonstrate that the data demodulation method proposed in this application can accurately detect data, proving the effectiveness of the proposed data detection framework.

[0205] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0206] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a signal processing apparatus for implementing the signal processing method described above. The solution provided by this apparatus is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more signal processing apparatus embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the signal processing method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0207] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, a signal processing device 1000 is provided, including: a first determining module 1001, a transforming module 1002, a second determining module 1003, and a detection module 1004, wherein:

[0208] The first determining module 1001 is used to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, and to separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain.

[0209] The transformation module 1002 is used to transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0210] The second determining module 1003 is used to combine the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time delay Doppler domain and the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path.

[0211] The detection module 1004 is used to compensate the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain according to the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters of each communication path, and to perform data demodulation based on the compensation results.

[0212] In some embodiments, the first determining module is specifically configured to perform a discrete Fourier transform on the received signal in the time-space domain acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter to obtain the received signal in the time-angle domain; calculate the energy of the received signal in each time-angle domain; determine the target position of the target antenna based on the energy of the received signals acquired by the multiple receiving antennas; and determine the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of the multiple communication paths based on the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna.

[0213] In some embodiments, the pilot pattern includes: the transmitted signal includes a first target line signal and a second target line signal, the first target line signal and the second target line signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target line signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target line signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

[0214] In some embodiments, the channel parameters include a discrete delay index, a discrete Doppler index, and a channel attenuation coefficient. The second determining module is specifically configured to determine the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for any communication path through the following steps: matrixing the single-path signal in the delay-Doppler domain to obtain a matrix signal; determining the estimated value of the discrete delay index based on the theoretical row number of the all-zero pilot and the matrix signal; determining the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index based on the estimated value of the discrete delay index, the theoretical position of the pulse pilot, and the matrix signal; determining the estimated value of the starting angle of the corresponding communication path based on the estimated value of the incident angle of the communication path and the estimated value of the discrete delay index; and determining the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the estimated value of the starting angle, the estimated value of the discrete delay index, and the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index.

[0215] In some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to calculate the energy of each row of signals in the matrix signal; and to determine the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent based on the number of rows of signals corresponding to the minimum energy and the theoretical number of rows of all-zero pilots.

[0216] In some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to determine the first row of signals from the matrix signals based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent and the theoretical row number where the pulse pilot is located; to filter out the position with the highest energy in the first row of signals; and to determine the estimated value of the discrete Doppler exponent based on the theoretical column number where the pulse pilot is located and the position with the highest energy in the target row of signals.

[0217] In some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically configured to determine, based on the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, the first row of signals corresponding to the pulse pilot and the second row of signals corresponding to the all-zero pilot from the matrix signal; determine the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the energy difference between the first row of signals and the second row of signals, the estimated value of the departure angle of the communication path and the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilot; and determine the phase of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient and the actual signal corresponding to the pulse pilot in the matrix signal.

[0218] In some embodiments, the compensation result includes the compensation result corresponding to each of the multiple transmission symbols. The detection module is used to demodulate the data corresponding to the compensation result of each transmission symbol to obtain the transmitted signal.

[0219] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a signal transmitting apparatus for implementing the signal transmitting method described above. The solution provided by this apparatus is similar to the implementation described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more signal transmitting apparatus embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the signal transmitting method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0220] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, a signal transmitting device is provided, including: an acquisition module 1101, an addition module 1102, and a transmission module 1103, wherein:

[0221] The acquisition module 1101 is used to acquire the signal to be processed after the data source has been pre-coded in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0222] Adding module 1102 is used to add pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to the pilot mode, and obtain the transmission signal based on the signal after adding the pilot signals; the pilot mode includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

[0223] The transmitting module 1103 is used to transmit a transmitted signal. The transmitted signal is used for reception by the receiver to instruct the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle of each communication path. Based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path, each single-path signal is compensated and demodulated.

[0224] Each module in the aforementioned signal processing and / or signal transmission device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware within or independently of the processor in a computer device, or stored in software within the memory of the computer device, so that the processor can invoke and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0225] In one exemplary embodiment, a communication device is provided, the internal structure of which can be as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the communication device includes a memory 1201, an antenna 1202, and a processor 1203, wherein the memory 1201, antenna 1202, and processor 1203 are connected via a bus interface. The memory 1201 stores computer programs; the antenna 1202 transmits and receives data under the control of the processor 1203. The processor 1203 reads the computer program from the memory 1201 and executes various steps of signal processing and / or signal transmission methods.

[0226] It is understandable that when the communication device is a transmitter, antenna 1202 can specifically be a transmitting antenna; when the communication device is a receiver, antenna 1202 can specifically be a receiving antenna.

[0227] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 12 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0228] In some embodiments, this application provides a communication system including a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is used to transmit a transmission signal, and the pilot mode includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots; the receiver is used to execute the signal processing method provided in the above embodiments.

[0229] In one embodiment, a communication device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0230] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0231] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0232] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0234] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0235] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A signal processing method, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the received signals obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path is determined, and multiple single-path signals are separated from the received signals in the angle domain. Each single-path signal is transformed to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; Based on the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter, and according to the estimated values ​​of the single-path signal in the Doppler domain of each communication path and the incident angle, the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are determined. Based on the estimated channel parameters of each communication path, the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain is compensated, and the data is demodulated based on the compensation results. The step of determining the estimated angle of incidence for each communication path based on the received signal obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna includes: The received signal in the time-space domain of the time delay obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna is subjected to a discrete Fourier transform to obtain the received signal in the time-angle domain of the time delay. Calculate the energy of the received signal in each time delay angle domain; The target position of the target antenna is determined based on the energy of the received signals obtained from multiple receiving antennas. Based on the expression for the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna, the estimated values ​​of the incident angles for multiple communication paths are determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pilot pattern includes: the transmitted signal includes a first target line signal and a second target line signal, the first target line signal and the second target line signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target line signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target line signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The channel parameters include the discrete delay index, the discrete Doppler index, and the channel attenuation coefficient; the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for each communication path are determined by combining the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter with the estimated values ​​of the single-path signal and the incident angle in the Doppler domain of each communication path, including: The estimated values ​​of the channel parameters for any communication path are determined by the following steps: The single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain is matrixed to obtain a matrix signal; Based on the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot and the matrix signal, determine the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent; The estimated value of the discrete Doppler index is determined based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay index, the theoretical position of the pulse pilot, and the matrix signal. Based on the estimated value of the incident angle of the communication path and the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, the estimated value of the departure angle of the corresponding communication path is determined. The estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient is determined based on the estimated value of the departure angle, the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, and the estimated value of the discrete Doppler exponent.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent based on the theoretical row number of the all-zero pilot and the matrix signal includes: Calculate the energy of each row of the signal in the matrix signal; The estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent is determined based on the number of rows of the signal corresponding to the minimum energy and the theoretical number of rows of the all-zero pilot.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the estimated value of the discrete Doppler index based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay index, the theoretical position of the pulse pilot, and the matrix signal includes: Based on the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent and the theoretical row number of the pulse pilot, the first row of signals is determined from the matrix signal; Filter out the position with the highest energy in the first row of signals; The estimated value of the discrete Doppler index is determined based on the theoretical column number of the pulse pilot and the position with the highest energy in the target row signal.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the estimated value of the channel attenuation coefficient based on the estimated value of the departure angle, the estimated value of the discrete delay exponent, and the estimated value of the discrete Doppler exponent includes: Based on the estimated value of the discrete time delay exponent, the first row of signals corresponding to the pulse pilot and the second row of signals corresponding to the all-zero pilot are determined from the matrix signal. Based on the energy difference between the first and second line signals, the estimated value of the starting angle of the communication path, and the pulse data corresponding to the pulse pilot, the modulus of the channel attenuation coefficient is determined. The phase of the channel attenuation coefficient is determined based on the magnitude of the channel attenuation coefficient and the actual signal corresponding to the pulse pilot in the matrix signal.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation result includes the compensation result corresponding to each of the multiple transmission symbols, and the data demodulation based on the compensation result includes: The transmitted signal is obtained by demodulating the compensation result corresponding to each transmission symbol.

8. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the signal to be processed after precoding the data source using the time-delay Doppler domain; According to the pilot pattern, a pilot signal is added to the signal to be processed, and a transmission signal is obtained based on the signal after adding the pilot signal; the pilot pattern includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots; The transmitted signal is sent; the transmitted signal is received by the receiver to instruct the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle, and perform compensation and data demodulation on each single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path.

9. A communication system, characterized in that, The system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is used to transmit a transmission signal. The pilot mode of the transmission signal includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots; the receiver is used to perform the signal processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes: The first determining module is used to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal obtained from the transmitter by each receiving antenna, and to separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain. The transformation module is used to transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; The second determining module is used to combine the pilot pattern of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitter and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time delay Doppler domain and the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path. The detection module is used to compensate the single-path signal in each time-delay Doppler domain according to the estimated values ​​of the channel parameters of each communication path, and to perform data demodulation based on the compensation results; The first determining module is specifically used to perform a discrete Fourier transform on the received signal in the time-space domain acquired by each receiving antenna from the transmitter to obtain the received signal in the time-angle domain; calculate the energy of the received signal in each time-angle domain; determine the target position of the target antenna based on the energy of the received signals acquired by multiple receiving antennas; and determine the estimated values ​​of the incident angles of multiple communication paths based on the expression of the incident angle in the discrete angle domain and the target position of the target antenna.

11. A signal transmitting device, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the signal to be processed after the data source has been pre-coded in the time-delay Doppler domain. An adding module is used to add pilot signals to the signal to be processed according to a pilot pattern, and to obtain a transmission signal based on the signal after adding the pilot signals; the pilot pattern includes: the transmission signal includes a first target row signal and a second target row signal, the first target row signal and the second target row signal are adjacent, all elements in the first target row signal are zero pilots, one element in the second target row signal is a pulse pilot, and the other elements are zero pilots; A transmitting module is used to transmit the transmitted signal; the transmitted signal is used for reception by a receiver to instruct the receiver to determine the estimated value of the incident angle of each communication path based on the received signal acquired by each receiving antenna, separate multiple single-path signals from the received signal in the angle domain, transform each single-path signal to the time-delay Doppler domain, combine the pilot mode of the transmitted signal, and determine the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path based on the estimated value of the single-path signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the incident angle of each communication path, and perform compensation and data demodulation on each single-path signal based on the estimated value of the channel parameters of each communication path.

12. A communication device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

14. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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