A fertilization method that effectively prevents phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting forest land; (2) investigating soil environment types; (3) selecting types of phosphate fertilizer; (4) crushing and screening phosphate fertilizer; (5) packaging and producing bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer; (6) digging a fertilization pit; (7) preparing a coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture; (8) applying the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom layer; (9) applying the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer; (10) applying the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture on the top layer; and (11) covering with soil. The present invention digs a deep pit and applies the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture on the top and bottom layers to surround the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer, so that the phosphate fertilizer does not come into direct contact with the soil, thereby preventing phosphorus nutrients from being fixed by reactions of some chemical elements in the soil. At the same time, through the slow degradation and decay of the packaging material, the phosphorus nutrients are controlled to be released for a long time, and the phosphorus nutrient release rate is significantly lower than that of ordinary compound fertilizers, and the released phosphorus nutrients are just absorbed by the trees. The efficient utilization of phosphorus nutrients is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry planting and relates to a fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil. Background Art

[0002] In agriculture and forestry, phosphorus promotes tree growth, root development, crop yield and quality, improves soil structure and fertility, boosts tree and crop metabolism, and enhances tree resistance. During the planting process, when fertilizer is applied to the soil, phosphorus comes into contact with it and reacts with various chemical elements there, forming compounds that are easily adsorbed and fixed by the soil. This reduces phosphorus mobility within the soil, resulting in a low utilization rate of phosphorus, typically around 15%. Excessive phosphorus accumulation in the soil can inhibit tree growth. To improve phosphorus utilization, reduce the demand for phosphorus fertilizers and sources, lower production costs, promote tree growth, and simultaneously improve soil condition and reduce phosphorus accumulation in the soil, we need to improve phosphorus utilization. Therefore, a fertilization method has been developed that effectively prevents the phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizers from being fixed in large quantities in the soil. The purpose is to reduce the large-scale fixation of phosphorus nutrients in the soil during fertilization through reasonable methods and means, so that the phosphorus nutrients in the fertilizer can be continuously and stably supplied to plants for a longer period of time, thereby improving the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizers, enhancing the disease resistance, insect resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance of trees, promoting the growth and development of trees, improving the quality of trees, and at the same time protecting environmental resources and achieving sustainable development of agriculture and forestry.

[0003] Existing technical solutions: Existing fertilization techniques involve digging a pit, applying phosphate fertilizer, and then covering it with soil. This method of fertilization places the fertilizer in direct contact with the soil, causing phosphorus nutrients to be adsorbed, bound, and precipitated by minerals, organic matter, and microorganisms in the soil, making it difficult for trees to absorb and utilize. Conventional fertilizers have a low phosphorus utilization rate, generally around 15%. This is particularly true in acidic soils with low pH values, where phosphorus utilization is further reduced. The application of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizers can achieve a phosphorus utilization rate of around 50%.

[0004] Existing technologies have defects and deficiencies: (1) Soil factors: low soil pH, high iron and aluminum content, which easily lead to phosphorus fixation; (2) Improper selection of fertilizer varieties, not adapted to local conditions; (3) Unscientific fertilization methods, shallow fertilization depth, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate; (4) Insufficient attention to trace elements, affecting crop yields; (5) Improper fertilization location and amount, fertilization location too close to the plant or inappropriate amount, resulting in seedling burn or nutrient deficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the background technology, the present invention provides a fertilization method that effectively prevents the phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by the soil. Through the development and application of phosphate fertilizer outer composite materials, phosphate fertilizer is applied to the soil in a bagged form, which isolates the fertilizer from the soil, prevents direct contact between the fertilizer and the soil, and avoids the phosphorus nutrients in the fertilizer being fixed by reactions of some chemical elements in the soil. At the same time, the duration of continuous fertilizer supply to crops is controlled by the decay time of the outer kraft paper of the composite material. Soluble and degradable minerals in different proportions are added to the inner non-woven fabric, and soluble pores are formed on the non-woven fabric through the dissolution of the soluble and degradable minerals. Under the action of water, the phosphate fertilizer nutrients are slowly released and seeped out through the soluble pores, realizing precise nutrient supply to the trees. The degradation of the non-woven fabric can control the length of time the phosphorus nutrients are supplied. The application of bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer can prevent the phosphorus nutrients from being fixed too early, thereby extending the release time, promoting the accumulation of phosphorus in the soil and increasing phosphorus activity.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fertilization method for effectively preventing a large amount of phosphorus nutrients in a phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in the soil comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Selecting fertilized forest land

[0009] By selecting forest land for fertilization and combining it with soil environment type surveys, we can determine the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer application to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield.

[0010] (4) Soil property investigation

[0011] Through soil environment type surveys and combined with the selection of fertilized forest land, the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer to be applied can be determined to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield;

[0012] (5) Selection of phosphate fertilizer types

[0013] Phosphate fertilizer can promote the development of tree roots, improve crop resistance, and increase tree yield and quality. However, improper application of phosphate fertilizer can lead to phosphorus waste and soil pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally select phosphate fertilizer according to tree growth conditions and soil properties to improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizers mainly include water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, insoluble phosphate fertilizers, and special phosphate fertilizers.

[0014] (4) Phosphate fertilizer crushing and screening

[0015] The active ingredients of phosphate fertilizer are difficult to be directly absorbed and utilized by trees in the short term. By crushing the phosphate fertilizer into fine particles, the release of the active ingredients in the phosphate fertilizer and the speed of absorption by the tree roots can be accelerated. Screening can remove oversized particles to ensure that the phosphate fertilizer particles are of moderate size, which is conducive to the absorption of the tree roots. By improving the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer use and the absorption and utilization rate of trees, the loss of phosphorus nutrients can be reduced. After phosphate fertilizer is crushed and screened, it is kept within a certain particle size range;

[0016] (5) Preparation of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer packaging

[0017] The selected phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved, then packaged in a bagging material with a 12-month slow-release period to produce a 12-month controlled-release phosphate fertilizer. The weight of each bag is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate, and soil conditions. The purpose of bagging phosphate fertilizer is to isolate the phosphate fertilizer from the soil, preventing direct contact with the surrounding soil and chemical reactions in the soil, thereby preventing the phosphorus nutrient from being fixed.

[0018] (6) Fertilization pit excavation

[0019] The fertilization pit is dug into a deep open pit. The specific method is: dig a deep open pit at a certain distance to the left, right, front, or back of the tree roots. The purpose of digging deep open pits: by applying phosphate fertilizer deeply, it can avoid contact with the air, reduce the loss of ammonia volatilization, reduce the loss of nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen fertilizer, increase the contact opportunity of tree roots, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus and allowing trees to better absorb the phosphorus element in phosphate fertilizer. At the same time, deep application of phosphate fertilizer helps reduce the loss of phosphorus nutrients, improve the utilization rate of phosphorus nutrients, and enhance the growth and development and stress resistance of trees.

[0020] (7) Preparation of coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture

[0021] By selecting forest land and trees to be fertilized and combining soil environment type investigation, determine the type of organic fertilizer to be applied. The selected organic fertilizer should be mixed with coconut bran in a certain proportion to form a coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture for later use. When applying phosphate fertilizer, avoid mixing it with chemical alkaline fertilizer and zinc fertilizer to avoid affecting the effect of phosphate fertilizer application.

[0022] (8) Applying coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom layer

[0023] Apply the pre-mixed coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture to the bottom of the fertilization pit and spread it evenly. The purpose of applying the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture at the bottom of the fertilization pit is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can coat the trioxide in the bottom soil, avoiding direct contact between the phosphorus nutrients of the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer and the bottom soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0024] (9) Application of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer

[0025] After spreading the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom of the fertilization pit, apply the prepared bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months on top of the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture. The weight of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate and soil conditions.

[0026] (10) Apply coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture on the top layer

[0027] After the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied, the pre-mixed coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is applied on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer and spread evenly. The purpose of covering the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can coat the trioxide in the top soil, avoiding direct contact between the phosphorus nutrients in the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer and the top soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0028] (11) Covering with soil

[0029] After applying the top layer of coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture, backfill the pit with the original soil dug out of the fertilization pit and cover the applied fertilizer. The purpose of covering the phosphate fertilizer with soil is to prevent the phosphate fertilizer from coming into direct contact with the air, reducing the volatilization of phosphorus nutrients. When it rains, the fertilizer nutrients will not be lost with the rain, thus avoiding waste and pollution.

[0030] Furthermore, the soil pH value obtained by the soil environment type survey in step (2) is 6.2, slightly acidic, the soil moisture content is 21%, the soil nutrient content is N 21.983 g / kg, P is 0.925 g / kg, K is 25.562 g / kg, Ca is 1.846 g / kg, Mg is 1.675 g / kg, Cu is 5.876 g / kg, Zn is 23.102 g / kg, B is 10.329 g / kg, the organic matter content is 2.25 g / kg, and the microbial content includes: bacteria 93.25%, actinomycetes 5.17%, and fungi 0.41%.

[0031] Furthermore, in step (4), after the phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved, the particle size is ≤1 mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the method for preparing the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer in step (5) comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1: Corn starch and plant fiber are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:8, pulped by chemical methods, 1% sizing agent and 0.1% dye are added, and the mixture is made into kraft paper on a papermaking machine. The kraft paper with a basis weight of 55g / ㎡ and a breaking length of more than 5500m is selected as the outer layer material of the packaging material;

[0034] S2: Natural fiber cotton and hemp powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, crushed and mixed, and then made into non-woven fabric by a non-woven fabric preparation machine through processes such as web forming, compaction, and shaping. Talc powder is added during the preparation process to produce an inner layer non-woven fabric material with a sustained release period of 12 months;

[0035] S3: The outer layer of kraft paper prepared in step S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric prepared in step S2 are evenly heat-sealed by a heat-sealing unit at a temperature of 260-300° C. to produce a bag-controlled sustained-release multi-layer packaging material with a sustained-release period of 12 months;

[0036] S4: Select appropriate phosphate fertilizer according to the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions. Phosphate fertilizers mainly include water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, poorly soluble phosphate fertilizers and special phosphate fertilizers. Grind the selected phosphate fertilizer and sieve it into about 1mm particles for later use;

[0037] S5: The phosphate fertilizer prepared in step S4 is packaged with the bag-controlled slow-release multi-layer packaging material with a slow-release period of 12 months prepared in step S3 by a special packaging unit to produce small bags of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months. The weight of each bag of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the applied tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions.

[0038] Furthermore, the addition amount of the talc powder is 40%, and the mesh size is 800 meshes.

[0039] Furthermore, in step (6), a deep open pit is dug for fertilization. Specifically, a deep open pit with a length × width × depth = 30 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm is dug 20 cm to the left, right, front, or back of the tree roots.

[0040] Furthermore, the coconut husk in step (7) has an ash content of 8%-10% and a bulk density of 0.10-0.25 g / cm 3 , pH is 4.40-5.90.

[0041] Furthermore, the organic fertilizer and coconut husk in step (7) are mixed in a ratio of 2:1 to form a coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture.

[0042] Furthermore, in step (8), the pre-mixed coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is applied to the bottom of the fertilizer pit with a thickness of 5 cm and spread evenly.

[0043] Furthermore, in step (10), the pre-mixed coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture is applied on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer to a thickness of 5 cm and spread evenly.

[0044] Technical principle of the present invention:

[0045] An inner layer of non-woven fabric, enriched with soluble and biodegradable minerals, and an outer layer of kraft paper are combined using a heat-sealing machine to form a slow-release packaging composite material. The slow-release packaging composite material is then made into slow-release bags and filled with crushed phosphate fertilizer to create bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer. This bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is encased in the slow-release packaging composite material, preventing direct contact between the fertilizer and the soil and preventing the phosphorus in the fertilizer from reacting with chemical elements in the soil and becoming fixed. The phosphorus is released primarily through the moisture from rainwater and irrigation water, which wets the composite controlled-release material and fertilizer, and then seeps through the cracks in the composite material. In the absence of rainwater and irrigation water, the fertilizer nutrients lack a carrier and cease release, achieving a controlled-release effect. The material and thickness of the outer kraft paper control the decay time of the outer composite material, thereby controlling the release time of the phosphorus. Soluble and degradable minerals are added to the non-woven fabric in varying proportions. The dissolution of these minerals creates pores with varying pore sizes. The density of the pores controls the amount of phosphorus released by water, ensuring precise phosphorus delivery to trees. Simultaneously, a layer of coconut coir-organic fertilizer mixture is applied above and below the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer. This surrounds the fertilizer and isolates it from the surrounding soil, preventing contact. The organic colloids in the coconut coir-organic fertilizer mixture coat the trioxides in the soil surrounding the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer, preventing direct contact between the fertilizer's phosphorus and the underlying soil, thus reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the soil. Furthermore, the coconut coir-organic fertilizer mixture promotes microbial activity in the soil, thereby increasing soil organic matter content and reducing soil compaction. It also helps regulate soil pH, conserve water and fertilizer, and provide aeration, creating a favorable growth environment for trees.

[0046] The technology of the present invention is to select the type of phosphate fertilizer according to the type, growth period, soil environment type and climatic conditions of the trees before applying fertilizer. The selected phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved (crushed to below 1mm). The purpose of crushing is exactly to help the absorption of the tree root system. The phosphate fertilizer after crushing and sieving is adopted to be packaged into small bags of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer according to the weight of fertilizing. When applying fertilizer, two long and deep fertilizer pits of 30cm × 20cm × 30cm (length × width × depth) are dug as close to the root of the trees as possible. A 5cm coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is applied at the bottom of the fertilizer pit, and then the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied on the bottom coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture. After the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied, a 5cm thick coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is applied on the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer to cover the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer, and finally covered with soil. Phosphate fertilizer is enclosed within bagged controlled-release materials, organic fertilizer, and coconut coir, preventing direct contact with the surrounding soil and thus preventing reactions with chemical elements in the soil, thus preventing phosphorus from being fixed. Phosphorus release primarily relies on rainwater and irrigation water wetting the multi-layer controlled-release materials and fertilizer. Following the water, phosphorus seeps through the cracks in the multi-layer controlled-release materials and is directly absorbed by tree roots. In the absence of rainwater and irrigation water, phosphorus lacks a carrier and ceases release, achieving a controlled-release effect. This ensures a continuous and stable supply of phosphate fertilizer to trees over an extended period, improving their utilization rate, enhancing their resistance to disease, insects, drought, and cold, promoting their growth and development, and enhancing their quality.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0048] (1) Material innovation: The present invention uses corn starch, talcum powder, plant fiber, and non-woven fabric to develop a biodegradable packaging material. Corn starch and plant fiber are mixed to form the outer layer material. Talc is added to the non-woven fabric formula to form the inner layer material. This packaging material can undergo chemical reactions under the action of microorganisms and enzymes in the natural environment, achieving the purpose of degradation.

[0049] (2) Method innovation: After the phosphate fertilizer is packaged and applied, the outer layer of material made of a mixture of corn, starch, and plant fiber will decompose completely within 1 to 6 months after application. During the decomposition process of the outer layer, talcum powder dissolves into different numbers of small holes on the non-woven fabric under the action of acidic soil. Under the action of water, phosphorus nutrients seep out from the inner layer of non-woven fabric along with the water, thus providing phosphorus nutrients to plants. The non-woven fabric can be completely degraded within 12 months. The continuous release of phosphorus nutrients is controlled by the slow degradation and decay of the packaging material, and the phosphorus nutrient release rate is significantly lower than that of ordinary compound fertilizers. The fertilizer does not come into direct contact with the soil, which prevents the phosphorus nutrients in the fertilizer from being fixed by reactions with some chemical elements in the soil.

[0050] (3) After adopting the innovative method of the present invention, the average annual growth of timber forests has experienced a qualitative leap. Compared with traditional fertilization methods, the application of the new bagged phosphate fertilizer can increase the average annual growth of timber forests by 15.79% to an astonishing 33.81%. This growth rate not only means a shortening of the tree growth cycle, but also indicates a significant improvement in forestry production efficiency. For the vast majority of forest farmers, this is undoubtedly good news for increased income and wealth, and it has injected strong motivation into their hard work.

[0051] (4) It is worth mentioning that the new bagged phosphate fertilizer also demonstrated excellent performance in reducing the application rate. Even when the application rate was reduced by 20%, it was still able to drive the growth of timber forests by more than 23.78%. This discovery completely overturned the traditional concept that "more fertilizer means more yield" and proved the importance of scientific fertilization and precise management. It tells us that while pursuing high yields, we can also achieve a win-win situation of efficient resource utilization and environmental protection.

[0052] (5) As a key nutrient element indispensable for plant growth, phosphorus loss has always been one of the major sources of forestry non-point source pollution. The introduction of new bag-controlled phosphate fertilizers provides an effective solution to this problem. By precisely controlling the release rate and location of phosphate fertilizers, this method significantly reduces the loss rate of phosphorus nutrients, with a reduction of up to 29.84% to 51.48%. This breakthrough not only improves the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers and reduces resource waste, but also alleviates environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies from the source, contributing to the construction of ecological civilization.

[0053] (6) The more profound significance lies in the fact that the application of the new bagged phosphate fertilizer has greatly improved the utilization rate of phosphorus nutrients. This means that every phosphate fertilizer invested can be more fully utilized and transformed into a powerful driving force for promoting tree growth. This efficient utilization model not only improves the economic benefits of forestry production, but also provides valuable experience for nutrient management worldwide. It tells us that in future forestry production, we should pay more attention to the combination of scientific and technological innovation and ecological protection to achieve a harmonious coexistence between sustainable forestry development and ecological environmental protection.

[0054] (7) The precise innovation of fertilization technology, through the clever use of the customized decay cycle of outer packaging materials, has achieved precise control of phosphorus nutrient release. This innovation not only fills a key gap in the crop precision fertilization technology system, but also marks a leap forward in the efficiency of phosphorus nutrient utilization. This technology is deeply in line with the concept of sustainable development of modern forestry, ensuring the timely and appropriate supply of phosphorus during the critical period of crop growth, greatly promoting the effective absorption and utilization of nutrients, and reducing resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0055] (8) In terms of environmental protection, the packaging materials used exhibit excellent biodegradability. They can biodegrade in the natural environment without the need for additional human intervention or processing costs. This characteristic not only effectively reduces the burden on the soil and avoids the potential harm caused by traditional non-degradable materials to the soil ecosystem, but also further consolidates the health foundation of the soil and provides a purer and healthier growth environment for crops. At the same time, the maintenance of soil health is directly related to the improvement of crop quality, ensuring the safety, quality and nutritional value of agricultural products, and meeting the growing demand of modern consumers for green and healthy food.

[0056] (9) The innovation of the fertilization technology of the present invention not only represents a significant advancement in the field of forestry technology, but also represents a solid step towards a greener, more efficient and sustainable modern forestry development model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a planting diagram of a fertilization method according to the present invention that effectively prevents large amounts of phosphorus fertilizer phosphorus from being fixed in the soil. In the diagram, 1 is eucalyptus; 2 is the original soil layer; 3 is the bottom layer of an organic-inorganic mixture of coconut husks; 4 is a 125g bag of controlled-release phosphate fertilizer; 5 is the top layer of an organic-inorganic mixture of coconut husks; and 6 is the covering soil layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the present invention. These examples belong to the protection scope of the present invention, but do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, a fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) Selecting fertilized forest land

[0062] By selecting forest land for fertilization and combining it with soil environment type surveys, we can determine the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer application to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield.

[0063] (2) Soil property investigation

[0064] Through soil environment type surveys and combined with the selection of fertilized forest land, the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer to be applied can be determined to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield;

[0065] (3) Selection of phosphate fertilizer types

[0066] Phosphate fertilizer can promote the development of tree roots, improve crop resistance, and increase tree yield and quality. However, improper application of phosphate fertilizer can lead to phosphorus waste and soil pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally select phosphate fertilizer according to tree growth conditions and soil properties to improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizers mainly include water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, insoluble phosphate fertilizers, and special phosphate fertilizers.

[0067] (4) Phosphate fertilizer crushing and screening

[0068] The active ingredients of phosphate fertilizer are difficult to be directly absorbed and utilized by trees in the short term. By crushing the phosphate fertilizer into fine particles, the release of the active ingredients in the phosphate fertilizer and the speed of absorption by the tree roots can be accelerated. Screening can remove oversized particles to ensure that the phosphate fertilizer particles are of moderate size, which is conducive to absorption by the tree roots. By improving the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer use and the absorption and utilization rate of trees, the loss of phosphorus nutrients can be reduced. After crushing and screening, the phosphate fertilizer should be kept at around 1mm;

[0069] (5) Preparation of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer packaging

[0070] The selected phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved, then packaged in a bagging material with a 12-month slow-release period to produce a 12-month controlled-release phosphate fertilizer. The weight of each bag is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate, and soil conditions. The purpose of bagging phosphate fertilizer is to isolate the phosphate fertilizer from the soil, preventing direct contact with the surrounding soil and chemical reactions in the soil, thereby preventing the phosphorus nutrient from being fixed.

[0071] The preparation method of the bagged controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1: Corn starch and plant fiber are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:8, pulped by chemical methods, 1% sizing agent and 0.1% dye are added, and the mixture is made into kraft paper on a papermaking machine. The kraft paper with a basis weight of 55g / ㎡ and a breaking length of more than 5500m is selected as the outer layer material of the packaging material;

[0073] S2: Natural fiber cotton and hemp powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, crushed and mixed, and then processed into non-woven fabric using a non-woven fabric preparation machine through processes such as web forming, compaction, and shaping. 40% 800-mesh talc powder is added during the preparation process to produce an inner layer non-woven fabric material with a sustained release period of 12 months;

[0074] S3: The outer layer of kraft paper prepared in step S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric prepared in step S2 are evenly heat-sealed by a heat-sealing unit at a temperature of 260-300° C. to produce a bag-controlled sustained-release multi-layer packaging material with a sustained-release period of 12 months;

[0075] S4: Select appropriate phosphate fertilizer based on the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate, and soil conditions. Phosphate fertilizers mainly include water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, poorly soluble phosphate fertilizers, and special phosphate fertilizers. Grind the selected phosphate fertilizer and sieve it into approximately 1mm pieces for later use.

[0076] S5: The phosphate fertilizer prepared in step S4 is packaged with the bagged controlled-release multi-layer packaging material with a slow-release period of 12 months prepared in step S3 by a dedicated packaging unit to produce small bags of bagged controlled-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months. The weight of each bag of bagged controlled-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions to be applied;

[0077] (6) Fertilization pit excavation

[0078] Fertilization pits should be dug deep open pits. The specific method is: dig a 30cm×20cm×30cm (length×width×depth) deep open pit 20cm to the left, right, front, and back of the tree roots. The purpose of digging deep open pits: by applying phosphorus fertilizers deeply, avoiding contact with the air, reducing ammonia volatilization losses, reducing nitrification and denitrification losses of ammonia nitrogen fertilizers, and increasing the contact opportunities of tree roots, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus and allowing trees to better absorb the phosphorus element in phosphorus fertilizers. At the same time, deep application of phosphorus fertilizers helps reduce the loss of phosphorus nutrients, improve the utilization rate of phosphorus nutrients, and enhance the growth and development and stress resistance of trees;

[0079] (7) Preparation of coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture

[0080] The type of organic fertilizer to be applied is determined by selecting the forest land and trees to be fertilized and combining with the investigation of soil environment type. The organic fertilizer to be applied should have an ash ratio of 8%-10% and a bulk density of 0.10-0.25g / cm 3 , acidic coconut husk with a pH of 4.40-5.90 is mixed in a ratio of 2:1 to form a coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture for later use. The application of phosphate fertilizer should avoid mixing it with chemical alkaline fertilizer and zinc fertilizer to avoid affecting the effect of phosphate fertilizer application;

[0081] (8) Applying coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom layer

[0082] Apply the pre-mixed coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture to the bottom of the fertilization pit with a thickness of 5cm and spread it evenly. The purpose of applying the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture at the bottom of the fertilization pit is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can coat the trioxide in the bottom soil, avoiding direct contact between the phosphorus nutrients of the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer and the bottom soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0083] (9) Application of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer

[0084] After spreading a 5cm layer of coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom of the fertilization pit, apply the prepared bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months on top of the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture. The weight of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate and soil conditions.

[0085] (10) Apply coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture on the top layer

[0086] After the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied, the pre-mixed coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is applied on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer to a thickness of 5cm and spread evenly. The purpose of covering the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can coat the trioxide in the top soil, preventing the phosphorus nutrients in the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer from directly contacting the top soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut bran-organic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0087] (11) Covering with soil

[0088] After applying the top layer of coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture, backfill the pit with the original soil dug out of the fertilization pit and cover the applied fertilizer. The purpose of covering the phosphate fertilizer with soil is to prevent the phosphate fertilizer from coming into direct contact with the air, reducing the volatilization of phosphorus nutrients. When it rains, the fertilizer nutrients will not be lost with the rain, thus avoiding waste and pollution.

[0089] Preparation technology principle of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer:

[0090] The present invention's process for preparing bagged, controlled-release phosphate fertilizer is an innovative process that integrates materials science, forestry chemistry, and packaging technology. Each step is carefully designed to achieve efficient and sustained release of phosphate fertilizer to meet the nutrient needs of different crops under varying growth conditions. The following is an in-depth introduction to each step of the process:

[0091] S1: Careful formulation of outer kraft paper material

[0092] In this step, corn starch is mixed with plant fibers (such as bamboo pulp or wood pulp) in a mass ratio of 2:8. This chemical pulping process not only enhances the material's bonding strength and flexibility, but also imparts good biodegradability. Subsequently, a sizing agent (such as natural latex or synthetic resin) is added as a binder, further enhancing the paper's strength and water resistance. Kraft paper with a basis weight of 55g / ㎡ and a tear length exceeding 5,500m is used to ensure the outer layer of the packaging material is both lightweight and tough, effectively resisting external erosion and protecting the phosphate fertilizer within.

[0093] S2: Innovative preparation of inner non-woven fabric materials

[0094] Natural fiber cotton and hemp powder are mixed in a 2:1 ratio, finely pulverized, and then processed in a non-woven fabric making machine. This combination not only utilizes the softness and hygroscopicity of cotton fibers, but also the reinforcing properties and breathability of hemp powder, creating an ideal microenvironment for the slow release of phosphate fertilizer. Specifically, the addition of 40% 800-mesh talc dissolves in acidic soil, creating varying numbers of small pores in the non-woven fabric. Phosphorus, exposed to moisture, seeps out through the inner non-woven fabric, providing phosphorus nutrients to plants. The non-woven fabric is fully degradable within 12 months. The slow degradation and decay of the packaging material controls the continuous release of phosphorus, resulting in a release rate significantly lower than that of conventional compound fertilizers. The fertilizer's lack of direct contact with the soil prevents phosphorus from being fixed by chemical reactions in the soil. This innovative design better matches the release rate of the phosphate fertilizer with the needs of crop growth, minimizing nutrient loss and increasing its utilization rate.

[0095] S3: Thermal integration of double-layer materials

[0096] The outer layer of kraft paper and the inner layer of nonwoven fabric are uniformly heat-sealed in a heat-sealing unit at a temperature of 260-300°C. Selecting this temperature range is crucial: too low a temperature may result in a weak bond, while too high a temperature may damage the material structure. During the heat-sealing process, the two materials are tightly bonded together, forming an integrated, sustained-release packaging system. This structure not only ensures the overall strength of the packaging material, but also, through the synergistic effect of the inner and outer layers, achieves dual protection and controlled release of the phosphate fertilizer. Furthermore, the optimized heat-sealing process ensures a tight seal around the edges of the packaging material, further extending the shelf life and sustained-release effect of the phosphate fertilizer.

[0097] S4: Fine processing of phosphate fertilizer

[0098] Select the appropriate type of phosphate fertilizer based on specific needs, crush it, and screen it to a particle size of approximately 1mm. This process ensures uniformity and solubility of the phosphate fertilizer particles, facilitating their rapid dispersion in the soil and absorption by crop roots. Furthermore, different types of phosphate fertilizers have varying solubility and release characteristics, making appropriate selection a crucial prerequisite for precise fertilization.

[0099] S5: The necessity of packaging and process optimization

[0100] The finely processed phosphate fertilizer is placed in a slow-release multi-layer packaging material and packaged using a dedicated packaging unit to produce small bags of controlled-release phosphate fertilizer. This process not only requires the packaging material to be well sealed, but also ensures that the phosphate fertilizer will not leak or get damp during the packaging process. In addition, precise control of raw material dosage and continuous optimization of process parameters (such as heat sealing temperature, talcum powder addition ratio, etc.) are important ways to improve product quality, reduce costs, and enhance market competitiveness. The non-interchangeability of the steps is reflected in the fact that each step is based on the deepening and improvement of the results of the previous step. The absence or adjustment of any link may affect the performance of the final product.

[0101] In summary, the preparation process of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is a highly integrated and refined process. Each link is interdependent and mutually reinforcing, jointly realizing the efficient and sustained release of phosphate fertilizer, and providing strong support for the sustainable development of modern forestry.

[0102] In order to make the disclosure of the present invention more complete, it is described below through more specific embodiments.

[0103] Example 1

[0104] See Figure 1 、 2 A fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil comprises the following steps:

[0105] (1) Selecting fertilized forest land

[0106] Through the selection of fertilized forest land, the tree species to be planted were determined to be the second generation sprout forest with a sprout rate of 90% and good growth. The tree height was between 1.5-2 meters, the row spacing was 2m×3m, and 110 trees were planted per mu.

[0107] (2) Soil property investigation

[0108] Soil surveys determined the soil type to be red loam, with a loose texture, a slightly acidic pH of 6.2, and a moisture content of 21%. Nutrient content included N (21.983 g / kg), P (0.925 g / kg), K (25.562 g / kg), Ca (1.846 g / kg), Mg (1.675 g / kg), Cu (5.876 g / kg), Zn (23.102 g / kg), and B (10.329 g / kg). Organic matter content was 2.25 g / kg. Microbial content included bacteria (93.25%), actinomycetes (5.17%), and fungi (0.41%). Continuous cropping had caused some soil compaction. These data provided a basis for selecting the type and application method of phosphate fertilizer.

[0109] (3) Selection of phosphate fertilizer types

[0110] Based on the above forestland and soil property survey results, it was determined that potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DPP) was the appropriate phosphate fertilizer. This type of phosphate fertilizer is high in phosphorus and easily absorbed, promoting root development, improving stress resistance, and increasing yield and quality. However, DPP should not be mixed with chemical alkaline fertilizers or zinc fertilizers to prevent adverse effects.

[0111] (4) Phosphate fertilizer crushing and screening

[0112] Use a grinder to crush the selected potassium dihydrogen phosphate into fine particles and sieve them. After crushing and sieving, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be kept at around 1mm to ensure the appropriate size of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate particles. Crushing the potassium dihydrogen phosphate can accelerate the release of the active ingredients in the phosphate fertilizer and its absorption by the root system. This improves the use efficiency of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the absorption and utilization rate of trees, while reducing nutrient loss.

[0113] (5) Production of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer packaging

[0114] The selected potassium dihydrogen phosphate is crushed and sieved, and then packaged with bagging materials with a slow-release period of 12 months to produce bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months. The purpose of packaging the phosphate fertilizer with bagging composite materials is to ensure that the phosphate fertilizer is surrounded by the bagged slow-release materials, organic fertilizer, and coconut coir, and does not come into direct contact with the surrounding soil, thereby preventing it from contacting and reacting with chemical elements in the soil, thereby preventing the phosphorus nutrient from being fixed;

[0115] The preparation method of the bagged controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0116] S1: Corn starch and plant fiber are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:8, pulped by chemical methods, 1% sizing agent and 0.1% dye are added, and the mixture is made into kraft paper on a papermaking machine. The kraft paper with a basis weight of 55g / ㎡ and a breaking length of more than 5500m is selected as the outer layer material of the packaging material;

[0117] S2: Natural fibers cotton and hemp are ground and mixed, then processed through a non-woven fabric making machine through web-forming, compacting, and shaping processes. During the preparation process, 40% 800-mesh talc powder is added to create an inner non-woven fabric material with a sustained-release period of 12 months.

[0118] S3: The outer layer of kraft paper produced in S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric produced in S2 are evenly heat-sealed by a heat-sealing unit at a temperature of 260-300°C to produce a multi-layer packaging material with a sustained-release period of 12 months;

[0119] S4: Select potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a phosphorus content of 52% based on the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate, and soil conditions. Crush and sieve the selected potassium dihydrogen phosphate into approximately 1mm pieces for later use;

[0120] S5: The potassium dihydrogen phosphate prepared in step S4 is packaged with the multi-layer packaging material with a sustained-release period of 12 months prepared in step S3 by a dedicated packaging unit to prepare small bags of controlled-release phosphate fertilizer with a sustained-release period of 12 months, 125 g per bag;

[0121] (6) Fertilization pit excavation

[0122] Fertilization pits should be dug deep open pits. The specific method is: dig a 30cm×20cm×30cm (length×width×depth) deep open pit 20cm to the left, right, front, and back of the crop roots. The purpose of digging deep open pits: by applying potassium dihydrogen phosphate deeply, it can avoid contact with the air, reduce the loss of ammonia volatilization, reduce the nitrification and denitrification loss of ammonia nitrogen fertilizers, increase the contact opportunities of tree roots, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus and allowing trees to better absorb the phosphorus element in phosphate fertilizers. At the same time, deep application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate helps reduce the loss of phosphorus nutrients, improve the utilization rate of phosphorus nutrients, and enhance the growth and development and stress resistance of trees;

[0123] (7) Preparation of coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture

[0124] Through the selection of fertilized forest land and trees, combined with the investigation of soil environment types, it was determined that the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with a total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content of 16.8% and an organic matter content of 22.3% was applied. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with an ash content of 9.2% and a bulk density of 0.21g / cm 3 , acidic coconut husk with a pH of 5.23 is mixed in a ratio of 2:1 to form a coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture for later use;

[0125] (8) Applying the mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the bottom layer of coconut bran

[0126] Apply the pre-mixed coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture to the bottom of the two fertilizer pits with a thickness of 5cm and spread it evenly. The purpose of applying the coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture at the bottom of the fertilizer pit is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can cover the trioxide in the bottom soil, avoiding direct contact between the phosphorus nutrients of the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer and the bottom soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut husk organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0127] (9) Application of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer

[0128] After spreading 5cm of coconut bran organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture on the bottom of the fertilization pit, apply the prepared bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months and a weight of 125g / bag on top of the coconut bran organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture;

[0129] (10) Applying the mixture of coconut bran and organic fertilizer on the top layer

[0130] After the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied, the pre-mixed coconut bran organic-inorganic fertilizer mixture is applied on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer to a thickness of 5cm and spread evenly. The purpose of covering the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with the coconut bran organic-inorganic fertilizer mixture is that the organic colloid in the organic fertilizer can act as a barrier to the trioxide in the top soil, preventing the phosphorus nutrients in the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer from directly contacting the top soil, reducing the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by metal ions in the bottom soil, and promoting the decomposition, release and absorption of phosphorus nutrients. In addition, the coconut bran organic-inorganic fertilizer mixture can promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter and reducing soil compaction. The coconut bran organic-inorganic fertilizer mixture is also beneficial for regulating the soil pH value, retaining water and fertilizer, and ventilating, creating a good growth environment for plants.

[0131] (11) Covering with soil

[0132] After applying the top layer of coconut coir organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture, backfill the pit with the original soil from the pit and cover it with the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer. Covering the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer with soil prevents the phosphorus nutrients in the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer from coming into direct contact with the air, reducing their volatilization. This prevents the nutrients from being lost in rainwater, thus preventing waste and environmental pollution.

[0133] Comparative Example 1

[0134] A fertilization method is basically the same as the fertilization method for effectively preventing a large amount of phosphorus nutrients in a phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in the soil in Example 1, except that a non-bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is used instead of the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer. The preparation method of the non-bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0135] According to the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions, potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a phosphorus content of 52% is selected, and the selected potassium dihydrogen phosphate is crushed and sieved into about 1mm.

[0136] Eucalyptus test using bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer:

[0137] 1. Test Location

[0138] Qipo Forest Farm, Nanning City, Guangxi.

[0139] 2. Processing Settings

[0140] 2 treatments: Example 1 fertilizer area 2 mu, Comparative Example 1 fertilizer area 2 mu.

[0141] Example 1 Fertilizer area: adopt the fertilization method of Example 1.

[0142] Comparative Example 1 Fertilizer area: the fertilization method of Comparative Example 1 was adopted.

[0143] 3. Data Measurement

[0144] The trial will run from April 2022 to December 2023. Eucalyptus tree height, diameter at breast height, and growing stock increment will be measured from November to December each year. The statistical data are shown in the following table:

[0145] Table 1 Fertilizer efficiency test of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer (Eucalyptus)

[0146]

[0147] The data in the table above clearly demonstrates that, compared to Comparative Example 1, the present invention achieved a tree height growth rate of 17.76%, a diameter at breast height increase of 15.34%, and a significant increase in standing stock of 25.13%. This remarkable achievement is attributed to the unique design of the present invention—through the slow degradation mechanism of the packaging material, it precisely regulates the sustained release of phosphorus nutrients. The release rate is significantly lower than that of traditional compound fertilizers, effectively avoiding the chemical fixation of phosphorus that can occur due to direct contact with the soil, thereby reducing nutrient loss.

[0148] This innovative strategy not only ensures that the phosphate fertilizer release rate is closely aligned with the actual needs of eucalyptus trees throughout their growth cycle, but also significantly improves nutrient utilization efficiency. This revolutionary design not only promotes rapid growth in tree height and diameter at breast height, but also significantly increases standing stock, bringing substantial benefits to forestry production.

[0149] In summary, the technological breakthrough of the present invention is not only reflected in the significant improvement of plant growth parameters, but also in its fundamental optimization of the utilization mode of phosphate fertilizer, demonstrating significant progress and broad application prospects in promoting the efficient cultivation of forest resources.

[0150] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients in phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities in the soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selecting forest land for fertilization By selecting forest land for fertilization and combining it with soil environment type surveys, we can determine the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer application to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield. Soil property survey Through soil environment type surveys and combined with the selection of fertilized forest land, the type, amount, and method of phosphate fertilizer to be applied can be determined to effectively avoid excess or deficiency of soil phosphorus nutrients, maintain ecological balance, and improve forest growth efficiency and yield; Selection of phosphate fertilizer types According to the growth conditions of trees and soil properties, the types of phosphate fertilizers are reasonably selected to improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers. The types of phosphate fertilizers include one or more of water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, poorly soluble phosphate fertilizers, and special phosphate fertilizers; (4) Phosphate fertilizer crushing and screening The phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved to keep the particle size within a certain range; (5) Preparation of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer packaging The selected phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved, and then packaged with bagging materials to make bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer. The weight of each bag of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate and soil conditions. (6) Fertilizer pit excavation The fertilization pit is dug deep and open. The specific method is: dig a deep and open pit at a certain distance to the left, right, front or back of the tree root; (7) Preparation of coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture By selecting forest land and trees for fertilization and combining soil environment type surveys, determine the type of organic fertilizer to be applied. This selected organic fertilizer should be mixed with coconut coir in a certain proportion to create a coconut coir-organic fertilizer mixture for later use. When applying phosphate fertilizer, avoid mixing it with chemical alkaline fertilizers and zinc fertilizers to avoid affecting the effectiveness of phosphate fertilizer application. (8) Applying coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom layer Apply the pre-mixed coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture to the bottom of the fertilization pit and spread it evenly; (9) Application of bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer After spreading the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture on the bottom of the fertilization pit, apply the prepared bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer on top of the coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture. The weight of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the tree species, growth stage, growth, climate and soil conditions. (10) Apply coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture on the top layer After the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applied, cover the pre-mixed coconut bran organic fertilizer mixture on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer and spread it evenly. (11) Covering with soil After applying the top layer of coconut coir organic fertilizer mixture, backfill the fertilization pit with the original soil dug out from the fertilization pit and cover the applied fertilizer.

2. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil pH value obtained through the soil environment type investigation in step (2) is 6.2, slightly acidic, the soil moisture content is 21%, the soil nutrient content is N 21.983 g / kg, P is 0.925 g / kg, K is 25.562 g / kg, Ca is 1.846 g / kg, Mg is 1.675 g / kg, Cu is 5.876 g / kg, Zn is 23.102 g / kg, B is 10.329 g / kg, the organic matter content is 2.25 g / kg, and the microbial content includes: bacteria 93.25%, actinomycetes 5.17%, and fungi 0.41%.

3. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), after the phosphate fertilizer is crushed and sieved, the particle size is ≤1 mm.

4. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer in step (5) comprises the following steps: S1: Corn starch and plant fiber are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:8, pulped by chemical methods, and sizing agents and dyes are added. The kraft paper is made into kraft paper on a papermaking machine. The kraft paper with a basis weight of 55g / ㎡ and a breaking length of more than 5500m is used as the outer layer material of the packaging material; S2: Natural fiber cotton and hemp powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, crushed and mixed, and then made into non-woven fabric by a non-woven fabric preparation machine through the processes of web forming, compaction, and shaping. Talc powder is added during the preparation process to make the inner layer non-woven fabric material with a sustained release period of 12 months; S3: The outer layer of kraft paper prepared in step S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric prepared in step S2 are evenly heat-sealed by a heat-sealing unit at a temperature of 260-300° C. to produce a bag-controlled sustained-release multi-layer packaging material with a sustained-release period of 12 months; S4: Select appropriate phosphate fertilizer according to the tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions. Phosphate fertilizers mainly include water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, miscible phosphate fertilizers, poorly soluble phosphate fertilizers and special phosphate fertilizers. Grind the selected phosphate fertilizer and sieve it into about 1mm particles for later use; S5: The phosphate fertilizer prepared in step S4 is packaged with the bag-controlled slow-release multi-layer packaging material with a slow-release period of 12 months prepared in step S3 by a special packaging unit to produce small bags of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer with a slow-release period of 12 months. The weight of each bag of bag-controlled slow-release phosphate fertilizer is determined by the applied tree species, growth stage, growth potential, climate and soil conditions.

5. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The addition amount of the talc powder is 40%, and the mesh size is 800 meshes.

6. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), a deep open pit is dug for fertilization. The specific method is to dig a deep open pit with a length × width × depth = 30cm × 20cm × 30cm at 20cm to the left, right, front, or back of the tree roots.

7. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coconut husk in step (7) has an ash content of 8%-10% and a bulk density of 0.10-0.25 g / cm 3 , pH is 4.40-5.

90.

8. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer and coconut husk in step (7) are mixed in a ratio of 2:1 to form a coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture.

9. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (8), the pre-mixed coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is applied to the bottom of the fertilization pit with a thickness of 5 cm and spread evenly.

10. The fertilization method for effectively preventing phosphorus nutrients of phosphate fertilizer from being fixed in large quantities by soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (10), the pre-mixed coconut husk organic fertilizer mixture is applied on top of the bagged slow-release phosphate fertilizer to a thickness of 5 cm and spread evenly.

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