A hydrogen fuel electric vehicle energy management method for prolonging the life of a hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of hydrogen fuel cell life extension hydrogen fuel electric vehicle energy management method, belong to new energy vehicle control technical field, the management method includes: according to demand power, hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and maximum power variation rate, determine hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and power battery power sequence;According to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and power battery power sequence, determine the real hydrogen consumption sequence of hydrogen fuel cell engine and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of power battery;Real hydrogen consumption sequence is weighted to obtain weighted hydrogen consumption sequence;According to the weighted hydrogen consumption sequence and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence, demand power distribution is carried out.The present application can optimize the working interval distribution of hydrogen fuel cell power by the calculation method of weighted real hydrogen consumption, reduce the time proportion of running in low life power interval, so as to improve the service life of hydrogen fuel cell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a hydrogen fuel electric vehicle energy management method for prolonging the service life of a hydrogen fuel cell, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicle has two power sources, namely a power battery and a hydrogen fuel cell engine, the required power during vehicle driving is provided by the two power sources, and the real-time power demand under working conditions needs to be met. The power output characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell engine determine that the hydrogen fuel cell engine can effectively prolong the service life when operating in a suitable working power range (for example, the middle range of the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine), and a lower power variation rate can also effectively prolong the service life.

[0003] At present, the fuel economy-based equivalent fuel consumption minimum strategy (ECMS) is commonly used for power distribution of the two power sources, namely the power battery and the hydrogen fuel cell engine, of a fuel hybrid vehicle. However, the existing ECMS strategy usually distributes the required power according to the minimum hydrogen consumption. Such a strategy mainly considers the economy of the vehicle and cannot take into account the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell, which easily leads to a too large proportion of the working time of the hydrogen fuel cell engine in the low-life power range and a too fast service life loss. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a hydrogen fuel electric vehicle energy management method for prolonging the service life of a hydrogen fuel cell, which can improve the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell by optimizing the working power range distribution of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] In a first aspect, the application provides a hydrogen fuel electric vehicle energy management method for prolonging the service life of a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] obtaining the startup time consumption, running time and required power at the current time of the hydrogen fuel cell engine;

[0008] determining the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the maximum power variation rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the startup time consumption and the running time;

[0009] determining the power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power sequence of the power battery according to the required power, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the maximum power variation rate;

[0010] determining a real hydrogen consumption sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and an equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and the power battery power sequence;

[0011] weighting the real hydrogen consumption sequence to obtain a weighted hydrogen consumption sequence; wherein, if the hydrogen fuel cell engine power belongs to a low-life power interval, it is determined that the weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power is greater than a preset threshold A1; otherwise, it is determined that the weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power is equal to or less than the preset threshold A1;

[0012] determining a total hydrogen consumption sequence according to the weighted hydrogen consumption sequence and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence, and determining an allocation amount according to the minimum hydrogen consumption in the total hydrogen consumption sequence, and performing demand power allocation according to the allocation amount.

[0013] Optionally, the determining of the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate according to the start-up time consumption and the running time length comprises:

[0014] determining a start-up type of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the start-up time consumption;

[0015] determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate according to the start-up type and the running time length.

[0016] Optionally, the determining of the start-up type of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the start-up time consumption comprises:

[0017] if the start-up time consumption belongs to a time consumption range of hot engine start-up, it is determined that the start-up type is hot engine start-up;

[0018] if the start-up time consumption belongs to a time consumption range of cold engine start-up, it is determined that the start-up type is cold engine start-up;

[0019] if the start-up time consumption belongs to a time consumption range of low-temperature cold start-up, it is determined that the start-up type is low-temperature cold start-up.

[0020] Optionally, the determining of the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range according to the start-up type and the running time length comprises:

[0021] if the start-up type is hot engine start-up, it is determined that the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is a first range;

[0022] if the start-up type is cold engine start-up:

[0023] when the running time length is less than a preset threshold B1, it is determined that the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is a second range;

[0024] when the running time length is greater than the preset threshold B1, it is determined that the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is the first range;

[0025] if the start type is a low-temperature cold start:

[0026] if the running time is less than or equal to a preset threshold B1, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is determined as a third range;

[0027] if the running time is greater than the preset threshold B1 and less than or equal to a preset threshold B2, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is determined as a second range;

[0028] if the running time is greater than the preset threshold B2, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is determined as a first range;

[0029] the first range, the second range and the third range are sequentially narrowed, and the second range and the third range do not include a low-life power interval.

[0030] Optionally, the determining the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the start type and the running time comprises:

[0031] if the start type is a hot engine start, the maximum power change rate is determined as a first change rate;

[0032] if the start type is a cold engine start:

[0033] if the running time is less than or equal to a preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as a second change rate;

[0034] if the running time is greater than the preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as the first change rate;

[0035] if the start type is a low-temperature cold start:

[0036] if the running time is less than or equal to a preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as a third change rate;

[0037] if the running time is greater than the preset threshold B4 and less than or equal to a preset threshold B5, the maximum power change rate is determined as the second change rate;

[0038] if the running time is greater than the preset threshold B5, the maximum power change rate is determined as the first change rate;

[0039] the preset threshold B4 is less than the preset threshold B1, and the preset threshold B5 is less than the preset threshold B2; the first change rate, the second change rate and the third change rate are sequentially decreased.

[0040] Optionally, the determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and the power battery power sequence according to the demand power, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate comprises:

[0041] determining a preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate;

[0042] determining a power battery power sequence and a final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the demand power and the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence.

[0043] Optionally, the determining a preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate comprises:

[0044] determining upper and lower power threshold values of the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range;

[0045] determining a maximum power interval between adjacent sequence points in the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the maximum power change rate;

[0046] determining the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the upper and lower power threshold values and the maximum power interval.

[0047] Optionally, the determining a power battery power sequence and a final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the demand power and the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence comprises:

[0048] subtracting the preliminary hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence from the demand power to obtain a preliminary power battery power sequence;

[0049] comparing the preliminary power battery power sequence with a predetermined power battery power range, and eliminating sequence points in the preliminary power battery power sequence that are out of the power battery power range to obtain the power battery power sequence;

[0050] determining the final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the power battery power sequence.

[0051] Optionally, the method for determining the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery comprises:

[0052] determining a corresponding relationship between power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen fuel cell power range;

[0053] determining the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence according to the corresponding relationship and the power battery power sequence.

[0054] Optionally, the determining a corresponding relationship between power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen fuel cell power range comprises:

[0055] If the hydrogen fuel cell power is in a first range, a correspondence relationship between the power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined as a first correspondence relationship; otherwise, the correspondence relationship between the power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined as a second correspondence relationship.

[0056] The equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the first correspondence relationship is greater than the equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the second correspondence relationship under the same power battery power.

[0057] Optionally, the method further comprises: obtaining an SOC of the power battery, and determining a weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the high power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine to be less than a preset threshold A1 if the SOC is less than a preset threshold C1.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. According to the present application, the real hydrogen consumption sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is weighted according to the power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and a greater weight is given to the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power points in the low-life power interval. When the power is allocated by using the minimum hydrogen consumption strategy, the proportion of this part of power points allocated will be significantly reduced, and accordingly, the proportion of the time that the hydrogen fuel cell engine runs in the low-life power interval will also be significantly reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.

[0060] 2. According to the present application, after the hydrogen fuel cell engine is started or the low-temperature cold start is completed, the working state of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined by comparing with the preset threshold of the set running time, and the power range and the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are determined according to the working state of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, so as to take into account the life problem of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power economy of the whole vehicle.

[0061] 3. In the present application, when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the best working state, the life loss of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is also relatively small, and the working restriction of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is also relatively small at this time, and the hydrogen fuel cell engine is used more to bear the demand power, thereby saving hydrogen consumption without affecting the life of the hydrogen fuel cell engine too much, so as to improve the economy of the whole vehicle.

[0062] 4. In the present application, when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in a non-optimal working state, the life loss of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is also relatively fast, and the working restriction of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively large at this time in order to prolong the life, and the power battery system is used more to bear the demand power, so as to prolong the life of the hydrogen fuel cell engine while ensuring the power performance of the whole vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1A flow chart of an energy management method for a hydrogen fuel electric vehicle to prolong the life of a hydrogen fuel cell in Example 1.

[0064] Figure 2 A curve of the relationship between the weight coefficient and the hydrogen fuel cell power in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] It should be noted that:

[0066] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with the drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the examples are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application. In the case of no conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of the present application and the examples can be combined with each other.

[0067] The term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship. Example 1

[0068] In combination Figure 1 , the present embodiment introduces an energy management method for a hydrogen fuel electric vehicle to prolong the life of a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises:

[0069] Step S1, obtaining the starting time, running time and demand power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine at the current time;

[0070] Among them, the starting time is counted in the following way: the starting time of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle controller VCU is counted from the signal of starting the hydrogen fuel cell, and the counting is ended when the feedback signal of starting the hydrogen fuel cell controller FCU is received, so as to obtain the starting time;

[0071] The running time is counted from the time when the feedback signal of starting the hydrogen fuel cell controller FCU is received to the current time;

[0072] As for the demand power, the vehicle control system VCU can collect the signals of the driver's acceleration pedal opening, brake pedal opening, brake switch, vehicle speed and gear position in real time, and the torque management module calculates the appropriate driving or braking torque. And the torque is reasonably necessary low-pass filtered, and then the smooth demand power of the driver (at any time, its value is unique) is calculated.

[0073] Return Figure 1 , step S2, determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and maximum power change rate according to the starting time and running time;

[0074] Step S21, determining the start-up type of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the start-up time consumption;

[0075] If the start-up time consumption belongs to the time consumption range of the hot start-up, the start-up type is determined as the hot start-up;

[0076] If the start-up time consumption belongs to the time consumption range of the cold start-up, the start-up type is determined as the cold start-up;

[0077] If the start-up time consumption belongs to the time consumption range of the low-temperature cold start-up, the start-up type is determined as the low-temperature cold start-up.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, the time consumption range of the hot start-up is within 12 seconds, the time consumption range of the cold start-up is 12-20 seconds, and the time consumption range of the low-temperature cold start-up is above 500 seconds; the above specific values are only typical values of each start-up type, and may be different according to different vehicle calibration values.

[0079] Step S22, determining the power range and the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the start-up type and the running time length;

[0080] Step S221, if the start-up type is the hot start-up, determining the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine as a first range and the maximum power change rate as a first change rate; in one specific embodiment, the lower limit value of the first range is determined as zero power, and the upper limit value is determined as the peak power that can be reached by the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the first change rate is determined as the maximum possible variable load rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.

[0081] Step S222, if the start-up type is the cold start-up:

[0082] when the running time length is ≤ preset threshold B1, determining the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine as a second range and the maximum power change rate as a second change rate;

[0083] when the running time length is > preset threshold B1, determining the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine as the first range and the maximum power change rate as the first change rate;

[0084] The second range does not include a low-life power interval to optimize the working power interval distribution of the hydrogen fuel cell engine. The low-life power interval can be obtained according to the actual vehicle calibration and generally includes a low power interval and a high power interval in the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine; in one specific embodiment, the low-life power interval is selected below the idling power and above 85% of the rated power.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, the lower limit of the second range is determined as the idle power, the upper limit is determined as 85% of the rated power, the second change rate is determined as 75% of the maximum possible variable load rate, and the preset threshold B1 can be determined as 150 seconds.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, when the engine is started at a cold state, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate are not adjusted synchronously; the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range is still adjusted according to the preset threshold B1; and the maximum power change rate is determined according to the preset threshold B4, specifically:

[0087] When the running time is ≤ the preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as the second change rate.

[0088] When the running time is > the preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as the first change rate.

[0089] The preset threshold B4 is less than the preset threshold B1, so that the maximum power change rate can be changed before the power range, to respond to the variable load demand in advance. The time period of the preset threshold B4 < the running time < the preset threshold B1 can be understood as a transition period before the power range is completely released. During this period, the maximum power change rate is released in advance, which can help the hydrogen fuel cell engine to adapt and better recover to the optimal working state. The preset threshold B4 can be set to a typical value of 120 seconds.

[0090] Specifically, when the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate are adjusted synchronously, whether the hydrogen fuel cell engine reaches the optimal working state is determined according to the judgment preset threshold of the start type and the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range.

[0091] Before the running time of the engine started at a cold state reaches the preset threshold B1, the hydrogen fuel cell engine is still in a transition stage after starting and has not reached the optimal working state. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell is limited to work in a limited power range with a relatively high remaining life by using the second range, and the maximum power change rate is also limited to reduce the situation of rapid variable load, thereby reducing the adverse effects on the life of the hydrogen fuel cell. Accordingly, when the hydrogen fuel cell engine does not reach the optimal working state, the power battery system will bear more demand power to ensure the vehicle power performance, that is, in this embodiment, the life of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is prolonged without affecting the normal driving of the vehicle.

[0092] When the running time of the cold engine reaches the preset threshold B1, the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the optimal working state, the life consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively reduced, the power range and the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are adjusted to the same values as those of the hot engine, the hydrogen fuel cell engine bears more demand power when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the optimal working state, thereby reducing hydrogen consumption without affecting the life too much, and improving the economy of the whole vehicle.

[0093] In step S223, if the start type is a low-temperature cold start:

[0094] When the running time is less than or equal to the preset threshold B1, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined as a third range, and the maximum power change rate is determined as a third change rate.

[0095] When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B2, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined as a first range, and the maximum power change rate is determined as a first change rate.

[0096] When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B2, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined as a first range, and the maximum power change rate is determined as a first change rate.

[0097] The second range and the third range do not include a low-life power interval, and the low-life power interval can be obtained according to actual vehicle calibration and generally includes a low-power interval and a high-power interval in the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, the lower limit of the third range is 20% of the rated power, and the upper limit is 70% of the rated power. The third change rate is 50% of the maximum possible variable load rate. The preset threshold B2 can be set to a typical value of 300 seconds. The preset threshold B3 can be set to a typical value of 450 seconds.

[0099] In a specific embodiment, when the low-temperature cold start, the power range and the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are not adjusted synchronously; the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is still adjusted according to the preset threshold B1 and the preset threshold B2; the maximum power change rate is determined according to the preset threshold B4 and the preset threshold B5, specifically:

[0100] When the running time is less than or equal to the preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined as a third change rate.

[0101] When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B5, the maximum power change rate is determined as a first change rate.

[0102] When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B5, the maximum power change rate is determined as a first change rate.

[0103] The preset threshold B4 is less than the preset threshold B1, and the preset threshold B5 is less than the preset threshold B2, so that the maximum power change rate can be adjusted in advance of the power range to respond to a larger load demand in advance, and the advance release of the maximum power change rate can prompt the hydrogen fuel cell engine to adapt and better recover to the optimal working state in advance. The preset threshold B4 can be set to a typical value of 240 seconds, and the preset threshold B5 can be set to a typical value of 400 seconds.

[0104] After low-temperature cold start, the hydrogen fuel cell engine takes a long time to recover to the optimal working state, so this embodiment divides the transition time into two stages, gradually releases the power range and the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine to the same level as the thermal engine start, and the hydrogen fuel cell engine also reaches the optimal working state, so as to ensure the power demand of the whole vehicle by using the hydrogen fuel cell engine without causing large life loss, thereby reducing hydrogen consumption.

[0105] Step S3, determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and the power battery power sequence according to the demand power, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate;

[0106] Step S31, determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate;

[0107] Step S311, determining the upper and lower power threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range;

[0108] Step S312, determining the maximum power interval between adjacent sequence points in the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence according to the maximum power change rate;

[0109] Step S313, determining the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence according to the upper and lower power threshold, the maximum power interval and a preset sequence interval. In the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range, the sequence interval is determined to be below the maximum power change rate to determine the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence, and the sequence interval is usually between 2kW and 10kW.

[0110] In the previous steps, the hydrogen fuel cell engine power range and the maximum power change rate have been determined. The strategy core of the method of the embodiment is that when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the optimal working state, the life loss is relatively slow, at this time, the power range and the maximum power change rate are not limited too much, and the hydrogen fuel cell engine can sometimes work in a low-life but high-power power range, so that the hydrogen fuel cell engine can bear more demand power without too fast life loss.

[0111] When the hydrogen fuel cell engine is not in the optimal working state, the life consumption is relatively fast, the power range and the maximum power change rate are greatly limited, the hydrogen fuel cell engine is limited to work in a limited power interval (excluding the low life power interval), the working power interval distribution of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is optimized, the adverse effects of the hydrogen fuel cell engine working in the low life power interval or rapidly changing load on the life consumption are reduced, and the power battery system bears more demand power to ensure the vehicle power performance.

[0112] Step S32, determining a power battery power sequence and a final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence according to the demand power and the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence;

[0113] Step S321, subtracting the hydrogen fuel cell engine power preliminary sequence from the demand power to obtain a preliminary power sequence of the power battery;

[0114] Step S322, comparing the preliminary power sequence of the power battery with a predetermined power battery power range, eliminating sequence points exceeding the power battery power range in the preliminary power sequence to obtain the power battery power sequence;

[0115] Step S323, determining a final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence corresponding to the power battery power sequence according to the power battery power sequence.

[0116] The method for obtaining the predetermined power battery power range is that the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle controller (VCU) receives the total voltage of the power battery, the real-time pulse discharge current limit value, the real-time pulse charge current limit value, the real-time continuous discharge current limit value and the real-time continuous charge current limit value sent by the power battery management system (BMS) in real time through the CAN network, thereby calculating the allowable discharge power limit value, and determining the power battery power range according to the allowable discharge power limit value.

[0117] Return Figure 1 Step S4, determining a real hydrogen consumption sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and an equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence and the power battery power sequence;

[0118] Step S41, determining the real hydrogen consumption sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence;

[0119] The real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power in the hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence can be determined by looking up the table one by one, thereby determining the real hydrogen consumption sequence; the relationship table between the two is obtained in advance;

[0120] Step S42, determining an equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery according to the power sequence of the power battery;

[0121] The power of the power battery in the power sequence of the power battery is looked up in the table to determine the corresponding equivalent hydrogen consumption factor, and the corresponding relationship between the power of the power battery and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined according to the equivalent hydrogen consumption factor and the power of the power battery, so as to determine the final equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence. The relationship table between the two is obtained in advance;

[0122] Return Figure 1 Step S5, weighting the real hydrogen consumption sequence to obtain a weighted hydrogen consumption sequence; wherein, if the hydrogen fuel cell engine power belongs to the low-life power interval, it is determined that the weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power is greater than a preset threshold A1; otherwise, it is determined that the weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power is equal to or less than the preset threshold A1; the preset threshold A1 is usually set to 1, and other values can also be selected according to the control strategy.

[0123] Step S6, determining a total hydrogen consumption sequence according to the weighted hydrogen consumption sequence and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence, determining an allocation amount according to the minimum hydrogen consumption in the total hydrogen consumption sequence, and performing demand power allocation according to the allocation amount.

[0124] In the foregoing steps, the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell engine has been limited by adjusting the power range and the maximum power change rate, and in this step, the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is further optimized and adjusted by weighting.

[0125] Specifically, the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power in the low-life power interval of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is given a weight greater than the preset threshold A1, so that when the allocation amount is determined according to the minimum hydrogen consumption, the allocation strategy will tend to allocate the demand power to the power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine outside the low-life power interval, thereby reducing the proportion of the working time of the hydrogen fuel cell engine in the low-life power interval, and further improving the working condition of the hydrogen fuel cell engine to delay the life decay.

[0126] In combination Figure 2 In a specific embodiment, each hydrogen consumption point in the weighted hydrogen consumption sequence is given a weight coefficient according to the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell engine power. The relationship curve between the hydrogen fuel cell engine power and the weight coefficient is as shown in Figure 2 Different relationship curves can obtain different weighted hydrogen consumption sequences, and the allocation results obtained in the minimum hydrogen consumption strategy are also correspondingly different, for example, Figure 2The curve 2 in the figure represents that when the power battery is limited, the weight of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the hydrogen fuel cell engine power is all lowered relative to the curve 1 in the normal state, so that when the power is distributed, the minimum hydrogen consumption strategy is more inclined to distribute the demand power to the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the hydrogen fuel cell engine can bear more distribution amount to meet the power demand of the whole vehicle when the power battery is limited.

[0127] In a specific embodiment, the weight processing of the real hydrogen consumption sequence is also related to the SOC of the power battery. If the SOC is less than a preset threshold C1 (which can be set to a typical value of 30%, and the specific value can be flexibly set according to specific working conditions), the weight distribution of the power points in the low-life power interval can be further refined. The weight coefficient of the real hydrogen consumption corresponding to the high power points in the low-life power interval is determined to be less than a preset threshold A1.

[0128] Therefore, when the power is distributed by the minimum hydrogen consumption strategy, this part of high power points has a higher priority due to the low corresponding weighted hydrogen consumption to ensure the power performance of the whole vehicle when the power of the power battery is limited.

[0129] The distribution amount obtained in step S6 is sent to the vehicle controller VCU. The vehicle controller VCU receives the distribution amount in response to the power demand signal before each control cycle, and sends the distribution amount to the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power battery for control. Embodiment 2

[0130] The same as embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the determination method of the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery in this embodiment includes:

[0131] According to the hydrogen fuel cell power range, the corresponding relationship between the power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined;

[0132] If the hydrogen fuel cell power is in the first range, it proves that the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the best working state, and the corresponding relationship between the power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined as the first corresponding relationship; otherwise, the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in a transition state, and the corresponding relationship between the power battery power and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined as the second corresponding relationship;

[0133] Under the same power battery power, the equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the first corresponding relationship is greater than the equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the second corresponding relationship.

[0134] The purpose of such determination is that when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the optimal working state, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively large, the maximum power change rate is relatively high, and the life consumption is relatively slow; at this time, the power response speed of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively fast, and the hydrogen fuel cell engine can be appropriately operated in the low-life power interval to meet the vehicle power demand, and the actual hydrogen consumption of the direct output power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively low. At this time, the equivalent hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power battery can be comprehensively adjusted through the first corresponding relationship, so that the hydrogen fuel cell engine is allocated more allocation under the minimum hydrogen consumption allocation strategy, so as to make more use of the hydrogen fuel cell engine in the optimal working state to meet the vehicle power demand and reduce hydrogen consumption.

[0135] When the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in the transition state before the non-optimal working state, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is relatively small, the maximum power change rate is relatively low, and the life consumption is relatively fast; at this time, the hydrogen fuel cell engine is limited to operate in a small range of power interval of high life and normal life, and the power response ability is relatively poor; at this time, the equivalent hydrogen consumption corresponding to the power battery power can be comprehensively adjusted through the second corresponding relationship, so that the power battery bears more allocation under the minimum hydrogen consumption allocation strategy, so as to ensure the vehicle power when the hydrogen fuel cell engine is limited.

[0136] In general, the method in the embodiment can prolong the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and improve the vehicle economy as much as possible under the premise of ensuring sufficient vehicle power, and has good implementability.

[0137] In a specific embodiment, the calculation formula of the equivalent hydrogen consumption under the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship is:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula, s act represents the instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption factor of the power battery; SOC(t) represents the actual value of the SOC of the power battery; t represents the time; s0 represents the constant part of the instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption factor; K1 and K2 represent the coefficients of the instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption factor; SOC ref represents the control reference value of the SOC of the power battery; represents the instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption of the power battery; represents the low heat value of hydrogen; u represents the control signal; represents the charging and discharging path system efficiency of the power battery; represents the power of the power battery;

[0140] In the formula, SOC ref represents the control reference value of the SOC of the power battery, and under different control strategies, SOC refSOC ref SOC is a fixed value, and the SOC of the power battery is controlled to fluctuate in the interval around the fixed value. For example, in the hybrid mode, the SOC of the power battery cannot be controlled in an interval, and the SOC ref SOC is a variable value that varies with the range.

[0141] The constant value portion s0 of the equivalent hydrogen consumption factor and the coefficient K1 of the instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption factor in the first corresponding relationship are greater than the values of the corresponding parameters in the second corresponding relationship.

[0142] As typical values, in the first corresponding relationship, s0 is 2.1, and K1 is 4.9, and in the second corresponding relationship, s0 is 1.3, and K1 is 3.

[0143] Those skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0144] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, device (system), and computer program product according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks.

[0145] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including instruction devices that implement the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks.

[0146] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing devices, so that a series of operational steps are generated to realize the computer-implemented processes, and the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable devices provide a process for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or the functions specified in the block Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or the functions specified in the block

[0147] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative, but not restrictive, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, which are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for energy management of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles to extend the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells, characterized in that: The method includes: Obtain the start-up time, running time, and current power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell engine; Based on the start-up time and running duration, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the maximum power variation rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are determined. Based on the required power, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the maximum power change rate, determine the power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power sequence of the power battery. Based on the power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power sequence of the power battery, the actual hydrogen consumption sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery are determined. The weighted hydrogen consumption sequence is obtained by weighting the actual hydrogen consumption sequence. If the power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine belongs to the low lifespan power range, the weight of the actual hydrogen consumption corresponding to that power is determined to be greater than the preset threshold A1; otherwise, the weight of the actual hydrogen consumption corresponding to that power is determined to be equal to or less than the preset threshold A1. Based on the weighted hydrogen consumption sequence and the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence, a total hydrogen consumption sequence is determined, and an allocation amount is determined based on the minimum hydrogen consumption in the total hydrogen consumption sequence. Demand power is then allocated based on the allocation amount.

2. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determination of the power range and maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine based on the start-up time and running duration includes: Based on the startup time, determine the startup type of the hydrogen fuel cell engine; The power range and maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are determined based on the start-up type and the running time.

3. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determination of the start-up type of the hydrogen fuel cell engine based on the start-up time includes: If the startup time falls within the range of hot engine startup time, then the startup type is determined to be hot engine startup. If the startup time falls within the range of cold start time, then the startup type is determined to be cold start. If the startup time falls within the range of low-temperature cold start time, then the startup type is determined to be low-temperature cold start.

4. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine based on the start-up type and the running time includes: If the start-up type is a thermal engine start-up, then the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the first range; If the startup type is cold start: When the running time is ≤ preset threshold B1, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the second range. When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B1, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the first range. If the startup type is low-temperature cold start: When the running time is ≤ preset threshold B1, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the third range. When the preset threshold B1 < running time ≤ preset threshold B2, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the second range. When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B2, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be the first range. The first range, the second range, and the third range narrow sequentially, and the second range and the third range do not include the low lifetime power range.

5. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determination of the maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine based on the start-up type and the running duration includes: If the start-up type is a hot engine start-up, then the maximum power change rate is determined to be the first change rate; If the startup type is cold start: When the running time is ≤ preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined to be the second change rate; When the runtime is greater than the preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined to be the first change rate. If the startup type is low-temperature cold start: When the running time is ≤ preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined to be the third change rate; When the preset threshold B4 < running time ≤ preset threshold B4, the maximum power change rate is determined to be the second change rate; When the running time is greater than the preset threshold B5, the maximum power change rate is determined to be the first change rate. The preset threshold B4 is less than the preset threshold B1, and the preset threshold B5 is less than the preset threshold B2; the first rate of change, the second rate of change, and the third rate of change decrease sequentially.

6. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the required power, the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the maximum power change rate, the power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine and the power sequence of the power battery are determined as follows: Based on the power range and maximum power change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, a preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined; The power sequence of the power battery and the final power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are determined based on the required power and the preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.

7. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of determining the preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine based on its power range and maximum power change rate includes: The upper and lower limit power thresholds of the preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are determined based on the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell engine. The maximum power interval between adjacent sequence points in the preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined based on the maximum power change rate. Based on the upper and lower power thresholds and the maximum power interval, a preliminary power sequence for the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined.

8. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of determining the power battery power sequence and the final hydrogen fuel cell engine power sequence based on the required power and the preliminary power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine includes: The initial power sequence of the power battery is obtained by subtracting the initial power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell from the required power. The preliminary power sequence of the power battery is compared with a predetermined power range of the power battery, and the sequence points in the preliminary power sequence that are outside the power range of the power battery are removed to obtain the power battery power sequence. The final power sequence of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined based on the power sequence of the power battery.

9. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for determining the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence of the power battery includes: Based on the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell, determine the correspondence between the power of the power battery and the equivalent hydrogen consumption; If the power of the hydrogen fuel cell is within a first range, then the correspondence between the power of the power battery and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined to be a first correspondence; otherwise, the correspondence between the power of the power battery and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined to be a second correspondence. Under the same power battery capacity, the equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the first correspondence is greater than the equivalent hydrogen consumption obtained under the second correspondence. Based on the aforementioned correspondence and the power battery power sequence, the equivalent hydrogen consumption sequence is determined.

10. The energy management method for extending the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes: obtaining the SOC of the power battery; if the SOC is less than a preset threshold C1, then the weight of the actual hydrogen consumption corresponding to the high power of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is determined to be less than a preset threshold A1.

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