Combined debris flow protection barrier structure

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of debris flow protection, and provides a combined debris flow protection blocking structure, which is arranged in a debris flow channel formed between two highlands, and sequentially comprises a flow distribution blocking and a blocking wall along the flow direction of the debris flow channel. The flow distribution blocking is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the blocking wall, the flow distribution blocking has a main flow channel arranged in a broken line and a plurality of first flow distribution channels and second flow distribution channels arranged on the two sides of the main flow channel and communicated with the main flow channel, the main flow channel is communicated with the debris flow channel, and the main flow channel comprises a plurality of first main flow sections and second main flow sections arranged in a broken line and staggered with each other; the first flow distribution channel comprises a first flow distribution section parallel to the flow direction of the first main flow section and a second flow distribution section communicated with the first flow distribution section, and the inflow end of the first flow distribution section is communicated with the inflow end of the second main flow section. The application prolongs the service life of the blocking structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of debris flow protection, and in particular to a combined debris flow protection barrier structure. Background Technology

[0002] Debris flows are special types of torrents that occur in mountainous areas or other deep valleys and rugged terrain, triggered by torrential rains, blizzards, or other natural disasters. These flows carry large amounts of mud, sand, and rocks. In addition to flowing slurry, debris flows also contain large solid materials such as boulders and driftwood. Because these solid materials, carried by the slurry, possess significant impact force, debris flows are extremely destructive, often destroying roads, railways, and other transportation infrastructure, and in severe cases, even destroying villages and towns, causing enormous losses.

[0003] To reduce the flow speed and impact of debris flows and prevent them from damaging transportation facilities and villages, people often build retaining structures to block and intercept large solid objects such as rocks and driftwood in the debris flow, while also reducing the flow speed of the debris flow, thereby weakening its impact.

[0004] Currently, the retaining structures used in engineering are generally concrete retaining walls, with openings in the wall to facilitate drainage and reduce the wall's weight. However, when these concrete retaining walls block debris flows, the rocks and boulders in the debris flow impact the front of the wall, easily damaging the wall and the openings, rendering it ineffective. Therefore, further improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to extend the service life of the barrier structure, this application provides a combined debris flow protection barrier structure.

[0006] This application provides a combined debris flow protection and barrier structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A combined debris flow protection and retaining structure is installed within a debris flow channel formed between two high grounds. Along the flow direction of the debris flow channel, it sequentially includes diversion barriers and retaining walls. Several diversion barriers are spaced apart along the length of the retaining walls. Each diversion barrier has a main channel arranged in a zigzag pattern and several first and second diversion channels respectively located on both sides of the main channel and connected to it. The main channel is connected to the debris flow channel and includes several intersecting first and second main channel sections arranged in a zigzag pattern. The first diversion channel includes a first diversion section parallel to the flow direction of the first main channel and a second diversion section connected to the first diversion section. The inflow end of the first diversion section is connected to the inflow end of the second main channel. The second diversion section is arc-shaped, moving away from the second main channel. The outlet end of the diversion section is connected to the outlet end of the second main flow section; the second diversion channel includes a third diversion section parallel to the flow direction of the second main flow section and a fourth diversion section connected to the third diversion section. The inflow end of the third diversion section is connected to the inflow end of the next first main flow section. The fourth diversion section is arranged in an arc shape away from the next first main flow section, and the outlet end of the fourth diversion section is connected to the outlet end of the next first main flow section. A support frame for supporting the diversion barrier is provided between the lower end of the diversion barrier and the debris flow channel. The support frame is hollow to leave a retention space between the diversion barrier and the debris flow channel. The main flow channel, the first diversion channel and the second diversion channel are all connected to the retention space. The barrier wall has several water outlet holes through it along its thickness direction. Several water outlet holes are spaced apart along the height direction of the barrier wall.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting up a diversion barrier, a Tesla valve structure is formed by the main channel in the diversion barrier and the first and second diversion channels set on both sides. Since the debris flow first enters from the main channel, a portion of the debris flow is diverted from the first main channel to the first diversion section in the first diversion channel. As the debris flow flows and follows the arc-shaped flow direction of the second diversion section, it converges at the outlet of the second main channel. The outflowing debris flows form convection with intersecting flow directions, thereby absorbing energy at the confluence. Then, a portion of the debris flow is diverted to the third diversion section in the second diversion channel at the inflow end of the next first main channel, forming convection with the debris flow from the fourth diversion section. With multiple convection buffers, the impact force and speed of the debris flow flowing to the barrier wall are reduced, thereby reducing the destructive force when the debris flow rushes towards the barrier structure and extending the service life of the barrier structure. Several diversion barriers have been installed to increase the buffer range of the debris flow and reduce the impact force when it collides with subsequent barrier walls.

[0009] The design incorporates a retention space between the diversion barrier and the debris flow channel. This allows the debris flow to absorb energy as it passes through the diversion barrier and then fall under gravity, accumulating in the retention space for subsequent cleanup. The water contained in the debris flow flows out through drainage holes set in the barrier wall.

[0010] Preferably, the diversion barrier includes a first plate, a second plate, a first arc-shaped plate, a second arc-shaped plate, a first stop post, and a second stop post. Multiple first and second plates are provided, and the first and second plates are staggered along their respective width extension directions. The ends of the first and second plates that are furthest from each other are inclined towards the barrier wall. The arc of the first arc-shaped plate is furthest from the second plate, and the arc of the second arc-shaped plate is furthest from the first plate. The ends of both the first and second plates furthest from the barrier wall are furthest ends, and the ends closest to the barrier wall are closest ends. The first arc-shaped plate is disposed between two adjacent first plates, with one end connected to the closest end of one first plate and the other end connected to the furthest end of the other first plate. The second arc-shaped plate is disposed between two adjacent second plates. One end of the first baffle is connected to the near end of the second plate on one side, and the other end of the second arc-shaped plate is connected to the far end of the second plate on the other side; the first baffle is disposed between the first arc-shaped plate and the second plate, the flow channel formed between the side wall of the first baffle near the second plate and the second plate is the second main flow section, the flow channel formed between the side wall of the first baffle near the first plate and the first plate is the first branch flow section, the flow channel formed between the side wall of the first baffle near the first arc-shaped plate and the first arc-shaped plate is the second branch flow section; the second baffle is disposed between the second arc-shaped plate and the first plate, the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle near the first plate and the first plate is the first main flow section, the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle near the second plate and the first plate is the third branch flow section, and the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle near the second arc-shaped plate and the first arc-shaped plate is the fourth branch flow section.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the required flow channels, i.e., the Tesla valve chambers, are formed through the slab and the baffles. Compared with Tesla valve chambers formed through concrete components, the slab is easier to process according to requirements, thus reducing construction difficulty and time. This allows for the simple and efficient formation of Tesla valve chambers. Several Tesla valve chambers can be quickly installed side by side to absorb energy and block debris flows. Furthermore, the construction cycle of the slab is relatively short, thereby reducing the cost associated with installing multiple side-by-side concrete components.

[0012] Preferably, the first plate, the second plate, the first arc-shaped plate, and the second arc-shaped plate are all made of steel plates, and the first and second baffles are both made of steel pipes with irregular cross-sections. The diversion barrier also includes several fixing components, which are used to fix the first plate and the first arc-shaped plate, the second plate and the second arc-shaped plate, and the support frame.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, and making each plate from steel plates and the retaining posts from steel pipes, the high strength of steel allows it to withstand the impact of debris flows with relatively little deformation, a relatively long service life, and ease of processing. This reduces the construction cycle of the overall barrier structure and allows for a relatively simple and efficient formation of the required Tesla valve structure. Furthermore, since the protective barrier structure is relatively large and typically requires on-site construction, the first plate, second plate, first arc-shaped plate, second arc-shaped plate, and the connections to the support frame are all secured with fasteners to facilitate on-site construction.

[0014] Preferably, the lower ends of the first and second stop posts are slidably connected to the support frame. A spring is provided between the first stop post and the first arc-shaped plate, a spring is also provided between the first stop post and the second plate, a spring is provided between the second stop post and the second arc-shaped plate, and a spring is also provided between the second stop post and the first plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the lower ends of the first and second baffles are slidably connected to the support frame. Springs allow the first and second baffles to be movable. When the debris flow flows into the main channel, it impacts the first baffle for the first energy absorption. At this time, the first baffle is forced to move closer to the first arc-shaped plate, reducing the diameter of the second diversion section. As the debris flow reaches the second diversion section, it pushes the first baffle away from the first arc-shaped plate, thus resetting, and performing a second energy absorption. Finally, at the second main channel, it flows back and counteracts the flow for a third energy absorption. The second baffle works similarly to the first. The addition of springs to allow the first and second baffles to be movable increases the number of energy absorption cycles for the debris flow, thereby increasing the blocking effect.

[0016] Preferably, the first plate, the second plate, the first arc-shaped plate, and the second arc-shaped plate all have protruding mounting portions for mounting fasteners, and adjacent mounting portions overlap each other. Each mounting portion has a first through hole extending through it along its thickness direction. The fastener includes a fixing bolt passing through the first through hole and a fixing nut threaded to the fixing bolt.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, after the fixing bolts are inserted into the first through holes opened on the overlapping mounting parts, and then connected by the thread of the fixing nut, the installation is relatively convenient. Furthermore, with the installation of several plates, the required Tesla valve structure can be formed simply and efficiently.

[0018] Preferably, each of the two adjacent mounting portions is provided with a snap-fit ​​plate that engages with each other. The snap-fit ​​plate has a second through hole through which the fixing bolt passes. The first through hole and the second through hole are arranged in an oblong shape.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and setting interlocking plates, the connection strength between adjacent plates is improved. When the debris flow flows with the channel, a certain component force impacts the plate. At this time, the second perforation and the first perforation are set as waist-shaped holes to allow for a certain degree of stretching, so that it has good strength and a certain degree of ductility, thereby reducing the possibility of cracking during use.

[0020] Preferably, concrete is poured between adjacent diversion barriers, and the set concrete forms a reinforcing wall.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution and installing reinforced walls to provide support between adjacent diversion barriers, the possibility of deformation or cracking is reduced.

[0022] Preferably, the support frame includes a plurality of support beams arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the retaining wall and a support mesh plate disposed on the support beams. The support beams are connected to the debris flow channel. The support mesh plate covers the plurality of support beams and is connected to the diversion barrier. A guide plate is disposed at the end of the adjacent diversion barrier away from the retaining wall. The guide plate is connected to the support mesh plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a support beam is set to support the diversion barrier, and a certain gap is left between adjacent diversion barriers. The debris flow may flow to this point and collide with the corresponding diversion barrier, thus affecting the diversion barrier's guidance of the debris flow in the flow channel. Therefore, a guide plate is set to guide the debris flow to the flow channel in the diversion barriers on both sides for energy absorption.

[0024] Preferably, a plurality of the first plates and the first arc-shaped plates in one of the diversion barriers form a first side barrier, and a plurality of the second plates and the second arc-shaped plates form a second side barrier. The support frame is provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the distance between the first side barrier and the second side barrier. The first side barrier and the second side barrier are disposed on the inner surface of the guide plate near the barrier wall, and the first side barrier and the second side barrier are slidably connected to the guide plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, after the debris flow stops flowing, an adjustment component is installed to adjust the distance between the first and second side barriers to facilitate subsequent cleaning. The first and second side barriers are slidably connected to the guide plate. Furthermore, the adjustment component, for debris flows with large flow rates, can relatively increase the channel width to buffer more debris flow.

[0026] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment rod fixedly inserted through a plurality of first side blocks, a slider fixedly connected to the adjustment rod, an adjustment screw threaded through the slider, a driving component for driving the adjustment screw to rotate, and two sliding sleeves respectively disposed on both sides of the adjustment rod. The adjustment rod slides through a plurality of second side blocks, and both ends of the adjustment rod are respectively slidably inserted into the sliding sleeves on both sides. The sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the support frame. Slots for the sliding sleeves to be fixedly inserted are provided on both sides of the sediment flow channel. An installation sleeve is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding sleeve. The slider is built into the installation sleeve and slides along the length direction of the installation sleeve. The adjustment screw slides through one end of the installation sleeve and is rotatably connected to the other end. An installation groove for the driving component is provided on one side of the sediment flow channel.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component is activated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, which in turn drives the slider to slide along the mounting sleeve, which in turn drives the adjusting rod to slide along the length of the sliding sleeve, which in turn drives the first side stop to slide closer to or further away from the second side stop, thereby increasing the width of the flow channel to buffer more mud and rock flow.

[0028] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] By setting up diversion barriers, the debris flow first enters from the main channel, and then a portion of the debris flow is diverted from the first main channel to the first diversion section. As the debris flow flows and follows the arc-shaped flow direction of the second diversion section, it converges at the outlet of the second main channel. The outflowing debris flows form convection with intersecting flow directions, thus absorbing energy at the confluence. Then, a portion of the debris flow is diverted at the inflow end of the next first main channel to the third diversion section of the second diversion channel, where it forms convection with the debris flow from the fourth diversion section. With multiple convection buffers, the impact and velocity of the debris flow reaching the barrier wall are reduced, thereby reducing the destructive force when the debris flow hits the barrier structure and extending the service life of the barrier structure. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of the diversion barrier in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spring structure in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​plate in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment component in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall structure in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a top view of the retaining wall structure in Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Diversion barrier; 11. First plate; 12. Second plate; 13. First arc-shaped plate; 14. Second arc-shaped plate; 15. First baffle; 16. Second baffle; 17. Fixing element; 171. Fixing bolt; 172. Fixing nut; 18. Reinforcing wall; 19. Guide plate; 2. Barrier wall; 21. Outlet hole; 22. Overflow outlet; 23. Culvert; 24. Drainage hole; 3. Support frame; 31. Support beam; 32. Support mesh plate; 4. Retention space; 5. Main channel; 51. First main channel Flow section; 52, Second main flow section; 6, First branch channel; 61, First branch section; 62, Second branch section; 7, Second branch channel; 71, Third branch section; 72, Fourth branch section; 8, Mounting part; 81, First through hole; 82, Snap-fit ​​plate; 821, Second through hole; 9, Spring; 10, First side stop; 101, Second side stop; 102, Adjustment assembly; 1021, Adjustment rod; 1022, Slider; 1023, Adjustment screw; 1024, Driving component; 1025, Sliding sleeve; 1026, Mounting sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-10 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0042] This application discloses a combined debris flow protection barrier structure.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] A combined debris flow protection and barrier structure, referring to Figure 1 The retaining structure is installed within a debris flow channel formed between two high grounds. Along the flow direction of the debris flow channel, it sequentially includes a diversion barrier 1 and a retaining wall 2. In this embodiment, several diversion barriers 1 are spaced apart along the length of the retaining wall 2. A support frame 3 is installed between the lower end of the diversion barrier 1 and the debris flow channel to support the diversion barrier 1. The support frame 3 is hollowed out to leave a retention space 4 between the diversion barrier 1 and the debris flow channel. The retaining wall 2 is specifically formed by on-site binding of a steel cage, formwork, and pouring of concrete. Several water outlet holes 21 are provided through the retaining wall 2 along its thickness direction, and several water outlet holes 21 are spaced apart along the height direction of the retaining wall 2. It should be noted that this retaining structure can also be applied to river channels and ditches for soil and water conservation.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 Specifically, the diversion barrier 1 has a main channel 5 arranged in a zigzag pattern and several first diversion channels 6 and second diversion channels 7 respectively arranged on both sides of the main channel 5 and connected to the main channel 5. The main channel 5 is connected to the debris flow channel and includes several intersecting first main channel sections 51 and second main channel sections 52 arranged in a zigzag pattern. Among them, the first diversion channel 6 includes a first diversion section 61 parallel to the flow direction of the first main channel section 51 and a second diversion section 62 connected to the first diversion section 61. The inflow end of the first diversion section 61 is connected to the inflow end of the second main channel section 52. The second diversion section 62 is arranged in an arc shape in a direction away from the second main channel section 52, and the outflow end of the second diversion section 62 is connected to the outflow end of the second main channel section 52.

[0046] The second diversion channel 7 includes a third diversion section 71 parallel to the flow direction of the second main flow section 52 and a fourth diversion section 72 connected to the third diversion section 71. The inflow end of the third diversion section 71 is connected to the inflow end of the next first main flow section 51. The fourth diversion section 72 is arranged in an arc shape away from the next first main flow section 51, and the outflow end of the fourth diversion section 72 is connected to the outflow end of the next first main flow section 51. It should be noted that the main flow channel 5, the first diversion channel 6, and the second diversion channel 7 are all connected to the retention space 4 so that debris flows can fall below for retention and subsequent cleanup.

[0047] For the formation of the main channel 5, the first diversion channel 6, and the second diversion channel 7, in this embodiment, the diversion barrier 1 specifically includes a first plate 11, a second plate 12, a first arc-shaped plate 13, a second arc-shaped plate 14, a first stop post 15, a second stop post 16, and several fixing components 17. The first plate 11, the second plate 12, the first arc-shaped plate 13, and the second arc-shaped plate 14 are all made of steel plates, while the first stop post 15 and the second stop post 16 can be formed by on-site formwork, with internal reinforcing steel bars and poured concrete, or they can be made of steel pipes with irregular cross-sections, depending on the requirements. In this embodiment, steel pipes with irregular cross-sections are used for demonstration. It should be noted that the several fixing components 17 are used to fix the first plate 11, the first arc-shaped plate 13, the second plate 12, and the second arc-shaped plate 14, as well as the connection between each plate and the support frame 3.

[0048] The first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are provided in multiples. The first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are staggered along their respective width extension directions. The ends of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 that are far apart from each other are inclined towards the direction close to the retaining wall 2.

[0049] The arc of the first arc-shaped plate 13 is oriented away from the second plate 12, and the arc of the second arc-shaped plate 14 is oriented away from the first plate 11. For ease of explanation regarding the connection between the first arc-shaped plate 13 and the first plate 11, and the connection between the second arc-shaped plate 14 and the second plate 12, in this embodiment, the ends of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 that are away from the retaining wall 2 are both considered "away ends," and the ends that are close to the retaining wall 2 are considered "close ends." Specifically, the first arc-shaped plate 13 is positioned between two adjacent first plates 11, with one end connected to the close end of one first plate 11 and the other end connected to the away end of the other first plate 11. As for the second arc-shaped plate 14, the second arc-shaped plate 14 is disposed between two adjacent second plates 12. One end of the second arc-shaped plate 14 is connected to the near end of one side of the second plate 12, and the other end of the second arc-shaped plate 14 is connected to the far end of the other side of the second plate 12.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first baffle 15 is disposed between the first arc-shaped plate 13 and the second plate 12. The side wall of the first baffle 15 near the second plate 12 is parallel to the second plate 12, and the flow channel formed between the first baffle 15 and the second plate 12 is the second main flow section 52. The side wall of the first baffle 15 near the first plate 11 is parallel to the first plate 11, and the flow channel formed between the first baffle 15 and the first plate 11 is the first diversion section 61. The side wall of the first baffle 15 near the first arc-shaped plate 13 is arc-shaped, and the flow channel formed between the first arc-shaped plate 13 and the first plate 13 is the second diversion section 62. The second baffle 16 is disposed between the second arc-shaped plate 14 and the first plate 11. The side wall of the second baffle 16 near the first plate 11 is parallel to the first plate 11, and the flow channel formed between the second baffle 16 and the first plate 11 is the first main flow section 51. The side wall of the second baffle 16 near the second plate 12 is parallel to the first plate 11, and the flow channel formed between the second baffle 16 and the first plate 11 is the third flow branch section 71. The side wall of the second baffle 16 near the second arc-shaped plate 14 is arc-shaped, and the flow channel formed between the second baffle 16 and the first arc-shaped plate 13 is the fourth flow branch section 72.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 Regarding the fixing of each plate, in this embodiment, the first plate 11, the second plate 12, the first arc-shaped plate 13, and the second arc-shaped plate 14 all have protruding mounting portions 8 for mounting the fasteners 17. In this embodiment, the fasteners 17 set on the first plate 11 and the first arc-shaped plate 13 are specifically shown. Adjacent mounting portions 8 are interlocked. The mounting portion 8 has a first through hole 81 extending through it along its thickness direction. Several fasteners 17 are spaced apart along the height direction of the mounting portion 8. The fasteners 17 specifically include fixing bolts 171 passing through the first through hole 81 and fixing nuts 172 threadedly connected to the fixing bolts 171.

[0052] It should be noted that, for the fixing of the first plate 11, the second plate 12, the first arc-shaped plate 13, and the second arc-shaped plate 14 to the support frame 3, a mounting part 8 can be protruded and fixed on the support frame 3, and then fixedly connected to the mounting parts 8 provided on the first plate 11, the second plate 12, the first arc-shaped plate 13, and the second arc-shaped plate 14 respectively by fasteners 17, as follows. Figure 4 As shown, the connection between this part and support frame 3 will not be described in detail.

[0053] Back Figure 1 , Figure 2In this embodiment, concrete is poured between adjacent diversion barriers 1, and the solidified concrete forms a reinforcing wall 18 for support. A guide plate 19 is provided at the end of the adjacent diversion barrier 1 furthest from the barrier wall 2. For fixing the guide plate 19, in this embodiment, a mounting part 8 protrudes from the lower end of the guide plate 19. The mounting part 8 abuts against the upper surface of the support frame 3 and is fixedly connected to the mounting part 8 on the support frame 3 by a fastener 17, and is connected to the reinforcing wall 18.

[0054] Specifically, the support frame 3 includes several support beams 31 arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the retaining wall 2, and a support mesh plate 32 set on the support beams 31. The support beams 31 are formed by casting concrete after the steel cage is erected and the formwork is supported. The support beams 31 are embedded in the debris flow channel and are fixedly connected to the retaining wall 2. The support mesh plate 32 covers several support beams 31 and is fixed to the steel bars (not shown in the figure) pre-embedded in the support beams 31.

[0055] The implementation principle of the combined debris flow protection barrier structure in this application embodiment is as follows: The required flow channels, i.e., the required Tesla valve chambers, are formed through slabs and retaining columns. Compared to Tesla valve chambers formed through concrete components, the slabs are easier to process into arc-shaped configurations, reducing construction difficulty and time. This allows for the simple and efficient formation of Tesla valve chambers. Several parallel diversion barriers 1, i.e., several Tesla valve chambers, can be quickly installed as needed to absorb and block debris flows. Furthermore, the construction cycle of the slabs is relatively short, thus reducing the cost associated with installing multiple parallel concrete components.

[0056] Since the debris flow first enters from the main channel 5, a portion of the debris flow is diverted from the first main channel 51 into the first diversion section 61 of the first diversion channel 6. As the debris flow flows, and following the arc-shaped flow direction of the second diversion section 62, they converge at the outlet of the second main channel 52. The outflowing debris flows form convection with intersecting flow directions, thereby absorbing energy at the confluence. Then, a portion of the debris flow is diverted at the inflow end of the next first main channel 51 to the third diversion section 71 of the second diversion channel 7, where it forms convection with the debris flow from the fourth diversion section 72. With multiple convection buffers, the impact force and velocity of the debris flow before reaching the retaining wall 2 are reduced, thereby reducing the destructive force when the debris flow impacts the retaining structure and extending the service life of the retaining structure.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] Reference Figure 5The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the lower ends of the first stop post 15 and the second stop post 16 are slidably connected to the support frame 3, a spring 9 is fixedly connected between the first stop post 15 and the first arc-shaped plate 13, a spring 9 is also fixedly connected between the first stop post 15 and the second plate 12, a spring 9 is fixedly connected between the second stop post 16 and the second arc-shaped plate 14, and a spring 9 is also fixedly connected between the second stop post 16 and the first plate 11. Several springs 9 are spaced apart along the height direction of the first stop post 15 and the second stop post 16.

[0059] The lower ends of the first baffle 15 and the second baffle 16 are slidably connected to the support frame 3. A spring 9 allows the first baffle 15 and the second baffle 16 to be movable. When the debris flow flows into the main channel 5, it impacts the first baffle 15 for the first energy absorption. At this time, the first baffle 15 is forced to move closer to the first arc-shaped plate 13, reducing the diameter of the second diversion section 62. As the debris flow reaches the second diversion section 62, it pushes the first baffle 15 away from the first arc-shaped plate 13, thus resetting it. A second energy absorption occurs at this point. Finally, a backflow counter-current occurs at the second main channel 52 for a third energy absorption. The second baffle 16 operates similarly to the first baffle 15. The addition of the spring 9, allowing the first baffle 15 and the second baffle 16 to be movable, increases the number of energy absorption cycles for the debris flow, thereby enhancing the blocking effect.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] Reference Figure 6 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that each of the two adjacent mounting parts 8 is provided with a snap-fit ​​plate 82 that snaps into each other. The snap-fit ​​plate 82 has a second through hole 821 through which the fixing bolt 171 passes. The first through hole 81 and the second through hole 821 are arranged in a waist-shaped hole.

[0062] Reference Figure 7 A plurality of first plates 11 and first arc-shaped plates 13 in a diversion barrier 1 form a first side barrier 10, and a plurality of second plates 12 and second arc-shaped plates 14 form a second side barrier 101. In order to facilitate adaptation to debris flows of different flow rates, in this embodiment, the support frame 3 is provided with an adjustment component 102 for adjusting the distance between the first side barrier 10 and the second side barrier 101. The first side barrier 10 and the second side barrier 101 are disposed on the inner surface of the guide plate 19 near the barrier wall 2, and the first side barrier 10 and the second side barrier 101 are slidably connected to the guide plate 19.

[0063] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8The adjusting assembly 102 includes an adjusting rod 1021 fixedly inserted through several first side stops 10, a slider 1022 fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 1021, an adjusting screw 1023 threaded through the slider 1022, a driving member 1024 for driving the adjusting screw 1023 to rotate, and sliding sleeves 1025 disposed on both sides of the adjusting rod 1021. The adjusting rod 1021 is slidably inserted through several second side stops 101, and both ends of the adjusting rod 1021 are respectively slidably inserted into the sliding sleeves 1025 on both sides. Slots for fixing the sliding sleeves 1025 are provided on both sides of the debris flow channel. The outer peripheral wall of 5 is provided with an installation sleeve 1026. The length direction of the installation sleeve 1026 is parallel to the length direction of the sliding sleeve 1025. The outer peripheral wall of the installation sleeve 1026 is provided with a sliding groove along its own length direction. The slider 1022 is built into the installation sleeve 1026 and slides along the length direction of the installation sleeve 1026. The adjusting screw 1023 slides through one end of the installation sleeve 1026 and is rotatably connected to the other end. An installation groove for the drive component 1024 is provided on one side of the sediment flow channel. In this embodiment, the drive component 1024 is specifically a drive motor, which is fixedly connected in the installation groove.

[0064] It should be noted that, in order to accommodate the sliding of the first side guard 10, the lower ends of the first plate 11 and the first arc-shaped plate 13 are not fixed to the support plate, and no reinforcing wall 18 is provided.

[0065] By starting the drive motor, the lead screw rotates, which in turn causes the slider 1022 to slide along the mounting sleeve 1026. This causes the adjusting rod 1021 to slide along the length of the sliding sleeve 1025, thereby causing the first side baffle 10 to slide closer to or further away from the second side baffle 101. This relatively increases the width of the flow channel, allowing more debris flow to flow in and be buffered. Furthermore, for debris flows that have stopped flowing, it facilitates adjusting the distance between the first side baffle 10 and the second side baffle 101 for subsequent cleaning.

[0066] Example 4:

[0067] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 10 The difference from Example 1 is that the retaining wall 2 is a retaining dam, with a dam crest elevation of 2138.0m and an overflow outlet 22 elevation of 2137.5m. The dam height is 7.0m, the effective dam height is 6.0m, the foundation depth is 2.0m, the dam crest width is 1.5m, and the foundation width is 5.4m. The upstream slope of the retaining dam is 1:0.4, and the downstream slope is 1:0.2. An overflow outlet 22 is provided at the top of the retaining dam, with a height of 1.0m. The dam body is constructed using C20 concrete. It should be noted that the design depth of the dam abutment embedded in the soil is generally 2.0m.

[0068] An arched culvert 23, 0.6m high and 0.6m wide, with a center-to-center distance of 4.0m, is constructed at the bottom of the retaining dam. A drainage hole 24, made of φ300 HDPE corrugated pipe, is located at the top of the culvert 23, with a center-to-center distance of 2.0m and a vertical spacing of 1.0m; this is the outlet hole 21 in Example 1. Furthermore, the dam body should have settlement joints along the dam axis to prevent cracking or breakage. These settlement joints are located at foundation changes, are 2-3cm wide, and are filled with asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber.

[0069] For the foundation and dam abutment excavation slope ratio, the slope ratio should be 1:0.5. During the foundation excavation, if a weak underlying layer is encountered, the foundation should be replaced with a strength of not less than 386 kPa. Before the construction of the dam abutment, loose blocks on both sides of the slope should be removed to avoid harm to construction personnel. It should be noted that the foundation pit excavation should be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements for slope setting, and a special person should be assigned to inspect the changes in the foundation pit.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A combined debris flow protection and retaining structure, wherein the retaining structure is installed within a debris flow channel formed between two high grounds, characterized in that: The flow path along the debris flow channel includes, in sequence, a diversion barrier (1) and a retaining wall (2). The diversion barrier (1) includes a first plate (11), a second plate (12), a first arc-shaped plate (13), a second arc-shaped plate (14), a first baffle (15), and a second baffle (16). Several first plates (11) and second plates (12) are provided. The first plates (11) and second plates (12) are staggered along their respective width extension directions. The ends of the first plates (11) and second plates (12) that are far apart from each other are inclined towards the retaining wall (2). The arc of the first arc-shaped plate (13) is oriented away from the second plate (12). The second arc-shaped plate (14) is positioned with its arc shape away from the first plate (11). The ends of the first plate (11) and the second plate (12) away from the retaining wall (2) are both the far-away ends, and the ends close to the retaining wall (2) are the near-away ends. The first arc-shaped plate (13) is positioned between two adjacent first plates (11), with one end of the first arc-shaped plate (13) connected to the near-away end of one side of the first plate (11), and the other end of the first arc-shaped plate (13) connected to the far-away end of the other side of the first plate (11). The second arc-shaped plate (14) is positioned between two adjacent second plates (12), with one end of the second arc-shaped plate (14) connected to the far-away end of one side of the second plate (11). 2) The other end of the second arc-shaped plate (14) is connected to the other end of the second plate (12) on the other side; the first plate (11), the second plate (12), the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second arc-shaped plate (14) are all made of steel plate, and the first stop post (15) and the second stop post (16) are all made of steel pipe with irregular cross-section. The diversion barrier (1) also includes several fixing parts (17), which are used to fix the first plate (11) and the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second plate (12) and the second arc-shaped plate (14); the first plate (11), the second plate (12), the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second arc-shaped plate (14) are connected to the other end of the second plate (12) on the other side; the first plate (11), the second plate (12), the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second arc-shaped plate (14) are connected to the other end of the second plate (12) on the other side; the first plate (11), the second plate (12), the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second arc-shaped plate (14) are connected to the other end of the second plate (14 ... Both the first and second arc-shaped plates (14) have protruding mounting portions (8) for mounting fasteners (17). Two adjacent mounting portions (8) are interlocked. Each mounting portion (8) has a first through hole (81) through its thickness direction. The fastener (17) includes a fixing bolt (171) through the first through hole (81) and a fixing nut (172) threaded to the fixing bolt (171). Two adjacent mounting portions (8) have protruding snap-fit ​​plates (82) that interlock with each other. Each snap-fit ​​plate (82) has a second through hole (821) through which the fixing bolt (171) passes. The first through hole (81) and the second through hole (821) are set in a waist-shaped hole. The diversion barriers (1) are arranged at intervals along the length of the retaining wall (2), and concrete is poured between adjacent diversion barriers (1), the solidified concrete forming a reinforcing wall (18); the diversion barriers (1) have a main channel (5) arranged in a zigzag pattern and several first diversion channels (6) and second diversion channels (7) respectively arranged on both sides of the main channel (5) and connected to the main channel (5); the main channel (5) is connected to the debris flow channel, and the main channel (5) includes several intersecting first main channel sections (51) and second main channel sections arranged in a zigzag pattern; the first diversion channel (6) includes a first branch parallel to the flow direction of the first main channel section (51). The second branch channel (7) includes a first branch section (61) and a second branch section (62) connected to the first branch section (61). The inflow end of the first branch section (61) is connected to the inflow end of the second main stream section (52). The second branch section (62) is arranged in an arc shape away from the second main stream section (52). The outflow end of the second branch section (62) is connected to the outflow end of the second main stream section (52). The second branch channel (7) includes a third branch section (71) parallel to the flow direction of the second main stream section (52) and a fourth branch section (72) connected to the third branch section (71). The inflow end of the third branch section (71) is connected to the inflow end of the next first main stream section (51). The fourth branch section (72) is arranged in an arc shape away from the next first main flow section (51), and the outlet end of the fourth branch section (72) is connected to the outlet end of the next first main flow section (51); the first baffle (15) is arranged between the first arc-shaped plate (13) and the second plate (12), and the flow channel formed between the side wall of the first baffle (15) near the second plate (12) and the second plate (12) is the second main flow section (52), and the flow channel formed between the side wall of the first baffle (15) near the first plate (11) and the first plate (11) is the first branch section (61), and the first baffle (15) near the first arc-shaped plate (13) is the first branch section (61). The flow channel formed between the side wall of the second arc-shaped plate (14) and the first arc-shaped plate (13) is the second flow-dividing section (62); the second baffle (16) is disposed between the second arc-shaped plate (14) and the first plate (11), the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle (16) near the first plate (11) and the first plate (11) is the first main flow section (51), the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle (16) near the second plate (12) and the first plate (11) is the third flow-dividing section (71), and the flow channel formed between the side wall of the second baffle (16) near the second arc-shaped plate (14) and the first arc-shaped plate (13) is the fourth flow-dividing section (72). A support frame (3) for supporting the diversion barrier (1) is provided between the lower end of the diversion barrier (1) and the debris flow channel. The support frame (3) is hollowed out so that a stagnant space (4) is left between the diversion barrier (1) and the debris flow channel. The main channel (5), the first diversion channel (6) and the second diversion channel (7) are all connected to the stagnant space (4). The barrier wall (2) has several water outlet holes (21) through it along its own thickness direction. Several water outlet holes (21) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the barrier wall (2). The fastener is used to fix each plate and the support frame (3).

2. The combined debris flow protection and barrier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the first stop post (15) and the second stop post (16) are slidably connected to the support frame (3). A spring (9) is provided between the first stop post (15) and the first arc-shaped plate (13). A spring (9) is also provided between the first stop post (15) and the second plate (12). A spring (9) is provided between the second stop post (16) and the second arc-shaped plate (14). A spring (9) is also provided between the second stop post (16) and the first plate (11).

3. The combined debris flow protection and barrier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (3) includes several support beams (31) arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the retaining wall (2) and a support mesh plate (32) arranged on the support beams (31). The support beams (31) are connected to the debris flow channel. The support mesh plate (32) covers several support beams (31) and is connected to the diversion barrier (1). A guide plate (19) is arranged at the end of the adjacent diversion barrier (1) away from the retaining wall (2). The guide plate (19) is connected to the support mesh plate (32).

4. A combined debris flow protection and barrier structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of first plates (11) and first arc-shaped plates (13) in a diversion barrier (1) form a first side barrier (10), and a plurality of second plates (12) and second arc-shaped plates (14) form a second side barrier (101). An adjustment component (102) for adjusting the distance between the first side barrier (10) and the second side barrier (101) is provided on the support frame (3). The first side barrier (10) and the second side barrier (101) are disposed on the inner surface of the guide plate (19) near the barrier wall (2). The first side barrier (10) and the second side barrier (101) are slidably connected to the guide plate (19).

5. A combined debris flow protection barrier structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly (102) includes an adjusting rod (1021) fixedly inserted through a plurality of first side stops (10), a slider (1022) fixedly connected to the adjusting rod (1021), an adjusting screw (1023) threaded through the slider (1022), a driving member (1024) for driving the adjusting screw (1023) to rotate, and two sliding sleeves (1025) respectively disposed on both sides of the adjusting rod (1021). The adjusting rod (1021) is slidably inserted through a plurality of second side stops (101), and the two ends of the adjusting rod (1021) are respectively slidably inserted into the sliding sleeves on both sides. 1025), the sliding sleeve (1025) is fixedly connected to the support frame (3); slots for the sliding sleeve (1025) to be fixedly inserted are provided on both sides of the debris flow channel; an installation sleeve (1026) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding sleeve (1025); the slider (1022) is built into the installation sleeve (1026) and slides along the length direction of the installation sleeve (1026); the adjusting screw (1023) slides through one end of the installation sleeve (1026) and is rotatably connected to the other end; an installation groove for the installation of the driving component (1024) is provided on one side of the debris flow channel.

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