Carbon dioxide energy storage system and its gas storage subsystem

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a carbon dioxide energy storage system and a gas storage subsystem thereof, which belong to the field of energy storage technology. The carbon dioxide energy storage system also includes an energy storage component, an energy storage container, and an energy release component connected in sequence; wherein the gas storage subsystem includes a pipeline structure and a plurality of gas storage components; at least one of the energy storage component and the energy release component is connected to the pipeline structure; the pipeline structure is connected to each of the gas storage components to rebalance the airflow and air pressure flowing into or out of each gas storage component. The gas storage subsystem can improve the operating efficiency and maintainability of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a carbon dioxide energy storage system and a gas storage subsystem thereof. Background Art

[0002] In a CO2 energy storage system, the gas storage reservoir needs to provide CO2 gas to the energy storage components of the CO2 energy storage system, or receive CO2 gas delivered by the energy release components. The pipeline arrangement between the gas storage reservoir and the energy storage components or between the gas storage reservoir and the energy release components has a great impact on the energy storage efficiency and safe operation of the CO2 energy storage system.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, provide a carbon dioxide energy storage system and a gas storage subsystem thereof, and improve the operating efficiency and maintainability of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a gas storage subsystem applied to a carbon dioxide energy storage system, wherein the carbon dioxide energy storage system further comprises an energy storage component, an energy storage container and an energy release component connected in sequence; wherein the gas storage subsystem comprises a pipeline structure and a plurality of gas storage components;

[0006] At least one of the energy storage component and the energy release component is connected to the pipeline structure; the pipeline structure is connected to each of the gas storage components to rebalance the air flow rate and air pressure flowing into or out of each gas storage component.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas storage reservoir component includes a gas storage reservoir and a connecting pipe; the first end of the connecting pipe is connected to the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir, and the second end of the connecting pipe is connected to the pipeline structure; the connecting pipe is provided with an exhaust mechanism, and a stop valve is provided between the exhaust mechanism and the second end of the connecting pipe; the exhaust mechanism can connect the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir with the external space when opened; the stop valve can enable each gas storage reservoir component to independently control the shutdown / conduction.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pipeline structure includes at least one trunk pipeline, the trunk pipeline has a plurality of connection ports, and the connection ports are connected to the second end of the connection pipe of the gas storage assembly;

[0009] Wherein, at least two adjacent connecting ports of the trunk pipeline are kept in communication, so that the air inlet / outlet flow and pressure of the gas storage assembly connected to the two adjacent connecting ports are more balanced.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the trunk pipelines is ring-shaped.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the extension direction of the portion of the trunk pipeline connected to the gas storage assembly is perpendicular to the length direction of the gas storage of the connected gas storage assembly, so as to increase the number of gas storage assemblies connected to the trunk pipeline.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage component includes at least one compression energy storage part; the energy release component includes at least one expansion energy release part;

[0013] The pipeline structure also includes a plurality of equipment connecting pipes corresponding to each of the compression energy storage parts and each of the expansion energy release parts;

[0014] The inlet of the compressed energy storage unit is connected to the trunk pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe;

[0015] The outlet of the expansion energy release part is connected to the trunk pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe;

[0016] The equipment connecting pipe simplifies the pipeline layout between the energy storage component, the energy release component and the trunk pipeline.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage component includes at least one compression energy storage part; the energy release component includes at least one expansion energy release part;

[0018] The pipeline structure also includes a dispatching pipeline and a plurality of equipment connecting pipes corresponding to each of the compression energy storage parts and each of the expansion energy release parts;

[0019] The inlet of the compressed energy storage unit is connected to the dispatching pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe;

[0020] The outlet of the expansion energy release part is connected to the dispatching pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe;

[0021] The dispatching pipeline is in communication with the trunk pipeline.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the exhaust mechanism and the shut-off valve are both located outside the gas storage reservoir to facilitate operation and control of each gas storage reservoir component.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the connecting pipe is further provided with a flow regulating mechanism, and the flow regulating mechanism is located outside the range of the gas storage reservoir.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a carbon dioxide energy storage system is provided, comprising the above-mentioned gas storage subsystem.

[0025] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage component in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an energy release component in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gas storage assembly in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gas storage assembly in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gas storage assembly in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig.14 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Fig.15 This is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 100. Gas storage subsystem; 110. Gas storage reservoir component; 111. Gas storage reservoir; 112. Gas distribution pipe; 113. Connecting pipe; 113a. Second end of connecting pipe; 114. Exhaust mechanism; 115. Flow regulating mechanism; 1151. Branch pipe; 1152. First valve; 116. Stop valve; 117. Gas port; 120. Pipeline structure; 121. Trunk pipeline; 122. Equipment connecting pipe; 123. Second valve; 124. Dispatching pipeline; 125. Buffer pipeline; 126. Bypass pipeline; 200. Energy storage component; 201. Compression energy storage unit; 21. Compressor; 22. Energy storage heat exchanger; 23. Condenser; 300. Energy storage container; 400. Energy release component; 401. Expansion energy release unit; 41. Turbine; 42. Energy release heat exchanger; 43. Evaporator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0045] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the illustration to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples described in the drawings. It is understood that if the device of the illustration is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component "lower". When a structure is "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is formed integrally on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0046] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "including" and "having" are used to express an open-ended inclusive meaning and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. are used merely as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0047] The present disclosure provides a carbon dioxide energy storage system. Figure 1 The carbon dioxide energy storage system includes a gas storage subsystem 100, and an energy storage component 200, an energy storage container 300 and an energy release component 400 connected in sequence. The gas storage subsystem 100 is connected to the inlet of the energy storage component 200, the outlet of the energy storage component 200 is connected to the inlet of the energy storage container 300, the outlet of the energy storage container 300 is connected to the inlet of the energy release component 400, and the outlet of the energy release component 400 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. The gas storage subsystem 100 can store gaseous carbon dioxide; the energy storage container 300 can store liquid carbon dioxide. The energy storage component 200 can use electricity to compress the gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage subsystem 100 to achieve energy storage; the energy release component 400 can expand the carbon dioxide from the energy storage container 300 to generate electricity. The energy storage component 200 can also cool down the compressed gaseous carbon dioxide, for example, cool down the compressed gaseous carbon dioxide to condense into liquid carbon dioxide, or allow the cooled gaseous carbon dioxide to enter the energy storage container 300 and be condensed into liquid carbon dioxide. The energy release component 400 can also heat the carbon dioxide, for example, evaporate the liquid carbon dioxide provided by the energy storage container 300 into gaseous carbon dioxide, then heat it up, and expand the heated gaseous carbon dioxide to generate electricity, or heat the gaseous carbon dioxide provided by pre-evaporation in the energy release component 400, and expand the heated gaseous carbon dioxide to generate electricity.

[0048] For example, in the energy storage stage, the energy storage component 200 can compress and condense the gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage subsystem 100, thereby causing the gaseous carbon dioxide to phase-change into liquid carbon dioxide and store it in the energy storage container 300. In the energy release stage, the energy release component 400 can evaporate and expand the liquid carbon dioxide from the energy storage container 300 to generate electricity, thereby causing the generated gaseous carbon dioxide to be stored in the gas storage subsystem 100.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 The energy storage assembly 200 includes at least one compressed energy storage unit 201; the compressed energy storage unit 201 includes a compressor 21 and an energy storage heat exchanger 22, and each compressed energy storage unit 201 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100 and the energy storage container 300. Specifically, the inlet of each compressed energy storage unit 201 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100, and the outlet of each compressed energy storage unit 201 is connected to the energy storage container 300. The compressor 21 can compress the gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage subsystem 100 under electric drive, and the compressed carbon dioxide can be heat exchanged and cooled in the energy storage heat exchanger 22.

[0050] exist Figure 2 In the example, the energy storage assembly 200 includes three compressed energy storage parts 201. It is understood that in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of compressed energy storage parts 201 in the energy storage assembly 200 is not limited to 3, for example, it can be 1, or a plurality of other numbers (for example, 2, 4, 5 or 6).

[0051] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the compressed energy storage unit 201 includes a compressed energy storage unit or a plurality of compressed energy storage units cascaded in sequence. A compressed energy storage unit may include a compressor 21 and an energy storage heat exchanger 22; the outlet of the compressor 21 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the energy storage heat exchanger 22; in this way, after the gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed in the compressor 21, it flows into the energy storage heat exchanger 22 for heat exchange and cooling. When the compressed energy storage unit 201 includes a plurality of compressed energy storage units cascaded in sequence, between two adjacent compressed energy storage units, the carbon dioxide outlet of the energy storage heat exchanger 22 of the upper-stage compressed energy storage unit is connected to the inlet of the compressor 21 of the lower-stage compressed energy storage unit. Figure 2 In the example, the compressed energy storage part 201 includes two compressed energy storage units. It can be understood that, according to needs, the compressed energy storage unit in the compressed energy storage part 201 can be one, or two or more.

[0052] exist Figure 2In the example, the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the carbon dioxide in the compressed energy storage unit 201, and the dotted arrows indicate the flow direction of the cooling medium flowing through the energy storage heat exchanger 22. In the energy storage heat exchanger 22, the compressed carbon dioxide with a higher temperature exchanges heat with the cooling medium with a lower temperature, so that the carbon dioxide is cooled and thus facilitates condensation into liquid carbon dioxide, and the cooling medium absorbs heat and heats up to recover the heat generated during the compression of the carbon dioxide.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the inlet of the first-stage compressor 21 of the compressed energy storage unit 201 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. It is understood that when the compressed energy storage unit 201 has only one compressed energy storage unit, the inlet of the compressor 21 of the compressed energy storage unit 201 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. Further, a valve may be provided between the inlet of the first-stage compressor 21 and the gas storage subsystem 100. Figure 7 to Figure 15 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, only the first-stage compressor 21 of the compression energy storage unit 201 is shown, and each compressor 21 indicates that there is a corresponding compression energy storage unit 201 in the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the compressed energy storage unit 201 may further include a condenser 23, which is disposed between the last stage compressed energy storage unit and the energy storage container 300. In other words, the carbon dioxide outlet of the last stage energy storage heat exchanger 22 may be connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the condenser 23, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the condenser 23 may be connected to the inlet of the energy storage container 300. The condenser 23 may condense the carbon dioxide from the compressed energy storage unit, so that the carbon dioxide from the compressed energy storage unit is condensed into liquid carbon dioxide and stored in the energy storage container 300.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 3 , the energy release assembly 400 includes at least one expansion energy release part 401; the expansion energy release part 401 includes a turbine 41 and an energy release heat exchanger 42, and each expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100 and the energy storage container 300. Specifically, the inlet of each expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the energy storage container 300, and the outlet of each expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. The carbon dioxide from the energy storage container 300 can enter the turbine 41 after absorbing heat in the energy release heat exchanger 42, and then drive the generator G to generate electricity.

[0056] exist Figure 3In the example, the energy release component 400 includes three expansion energy release parts 401. It is understandable that in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of expansion energy release parts 401 in the energy release component 400 is not limited to 3, for example, it can be 1, or other numbers (for example, 2, 4, 5 or 6).

[0057] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the expansion energy release section 401 includes one expansion energy release unit or multiple expansion energy release units cascaded in sequence. One expansion energy release unit may include a turbine 41 and an energy release heat exchanger 42; the carbon dioxide outlet of the energy release heat exchanger 42 is connected to the inlet of the turbine 41; in this way, after carbon dioxide absorbs heat in the energy release heat exchanger 42, it flows into the turbine 41 to expand and generate electricity. When the expansion energy release section 401 includes multiple expansion energy release units cascaded in sequence, between two adjacent expansion energy release units, the outlet of the turbine 41 of the upper-stage expansion energy release unit is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the energy release heat exchanger 42 of the lower-stage expansion energy release unit. Figure 3 In the example of , the expansion energy release part 401 includes two expansion energy release units. It can be understood that, according to needs, the expansion energy release unit in the expansion energy release part 401 can be one, or two or more.

[0058] exist Figure 3 In the example, the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the carbon dioxide in the expansion energy release part 401, and the dotted arrows indicate the flow direction of the heating medium flowing through the energy release heat exchanger 42. In the energy release heat exchanger 42, the carbon dioxide that flows out of the energy storage container 300 and expands and cools down exchanges heat with the heating medium with a higher temperature, thereby heating the carbon dioxide, which can recover the cold energy generated by the expansion of the gaseous carbon dioxide.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the outlet of the last stage turbine 41 of the expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. It is understood that when the expansion energy release part 401 has only one expansion energy release unit, the outlet of the turbine 41 of the expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the gas storage subsystem 100. Optionally, a valve is provided between the outlet of the last stage turbine 41 of the expansion energy release part 401 and the gas storage subsystem 100. Figure 7 to Figure 15 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, only the last stage turbine 41 of the expansion energy release part 401 is shown, and each turbine 41 indicates the existence of a corresponding expansion energy release part 401 .

[0060] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the expansion energy release part 401 may further include an evaporator 43, which is disposed between the first-stage expansion energy release unit and the energy storage container 300. In other words, the carbon dioxide inlet of the first-stage energy release heat exchanger 42 may be connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the evaporator 43, and the carbon dioxide inlet of the evaporator 43 may be connected to the outlet of the energy storage container 300. The evaporator 43 may heat the liquid carbon dioxide from the energy storage container 300, so that the liquid carbon dioxide from the energy storage container 300 evaporates into gaseous carbon dioxide and flows into the energy release heat exchanger 42.

[0061] It is understood that in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the carbon dioxide energy storage system may also be provided with other components. In one example, the carbon dioxide energy storage system may also be provided with a heat recovery component, which includes a heat storage tank and a cold storage tank. In the energy storage stage, the energy storage heat exchanger 22 may exchange heat with the low-temperature medium from the cold storage tank (i.e., the cooling medium flowing into the energy storage heat exchanger 22), so that the carbon dioxide in the energy storage heat exchanger 22 is cooled down, and the low-temperature medium is heated to a high-temperature medium and stored in the heat storage tank. In the energy release stage, the energy release heat exchanger may exchange heat with the high-temperature medium from the heat storage tank (i.e., the heating medium flowing into the energy release heat exchanger 42), so that the carbon dioxide in the energy release heat exchanger is heated up, and the high-temperature medium is cooled to a low-temperature medium and stored in the cold storage tank. In this example, the heating medium and the cooling medium are heat exchange media circulating between the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank, and the temperature states of the two are different.

[0062] exist Figure 1~Figure 3 In the example, the number of energy storage containers 300 is one. It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of energy storage containers 300 may also be multiple. When the number of energy storage containers 300 is multiple, these energy storage containers 300 may be connected in series, or in parallel, or may be connected in a mixed manner of series and parallel.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 The gas storage subsystem 100 includes a pipeline structure 120 and a plurality of gas storage reservoir components 110 connected to the pipeline structure 120. The pipeline structure 120 is connected to at least one of the energy storage component 200 and the energy release component 400. For example, Figure 1 In the example, the pipeline structure 120 is connected to the inlet of the energy storage assembly 200 and the outlet of the energy release assembly 400 at the same time. In this way, during the energy storage stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide stored in the gas storage assembly 110 can flow into the energy storage assembly 200 through the pipeline structure 120; during the energy release stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide flowing out of the energy storage container 300 can flow into the gas storage assembly 110 through the pipeline structure 120.

[0064] In this embodiment, multiple gas storage reservoir components 110 are connected to the pipeline structure 120. Therefore, when multiple gas storage subsystems 100 provide gaseous carbon dioxide to the energy storage component 200, the pipeline structure 120 can rebalance the airflow rate and air pressure, which is conducive to maintaining a stable airflow output of the gas storage subsystem 100 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is conducive to balancing the airflow rate of each gas storage reservoir component 110, so that the airflow rate of each gas storage reservoir component 110 is generally consistent. This helps to improve the overall efficiency of the carbon dioxide energy storage system. Similarly, when the energy release component 400 provides gaseous carbon dioxide to multiple gas storage reservoir components 110, the pipeline structure 120 can rebalance the airflow rate and air pressure, which is conducive to balancing the air intake flow of each gas storage reservoir component 110, so that the air intake flow of each gas storage reservoir component 110 is generally consistent.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 4~Figure 15 The gas storage reservoir assembly 110 includes a gas storage reservoir 111 and a connecting pipe 113; the first end of the connecting pipe 113 is connected to the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111, and the second end 113a of the connecting pipe is connected to the pipeline structure 120; the connecting pipe 113 is provided with an exhaust mechanism 114, and a stop valve 116 is provided between the exhaust mechanism 114 and the second end 113a of the connecting pipe; when the exhaust mechanism 114 is opened, the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111 can be connected to the external space. At least one of the energy storage assembly 200 and the energy release assembly 400 is connected to the pipeline structure 120.

[0066] In this embodiment, the stop valve 116 can be opened or closed. When the stop valve 116 is opened, the gas distribution pipe 112 can be connected to the pipeline structure 120 through the connecting pipe 113, so that the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 can flow into or out of the gaseous carbon dioxide. When the stop valve 116 is turned off, the connecting pipe 113 can be cut off, so that the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111 is disconnected from the pipeline structure 120. In particular, when the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 needs maintenance, the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 can be isolated from the carbon dioxide energy storage system by turning off the stop valve 116, so that the operation of the carbon dioxide energy storage system is not affected during the maintenance of the gas storage reservoir assembly 110. Optionally, the stop valve 116 is arranged outside the scope of the gas storage reservoir 111 to facilitate the control and maintenance of the stop valve 116, and further improve the maintainability of the gas storage reservoir assembly 110.

[0067] In this embodiment, on the gas path, the stop valve 116 is located between the exhaust mechanism 114 and the second end 113a of the connecting pipe. When the exhaust mechanism 114 is opened, the connecting pipe 113 can be directly connected to the outside, for example, to the external air space; at this time, if there is gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111, the gaseous carbon dioxide can be discharged through the exhaust mechanism 114. As an application mode, when the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 needs maintenance, the stop valve 116 can be closed to isolate the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 from the gas path of the carbon dioxide energy storage system, and the exhaust mechanism 114 can be opened to discharge the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111 or replace the gas in the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111. Optionally, in the normal working mode of the gas storage reservoir assembly 110, the exhaust mechanism 114 can remain closed. Further, the exhaust mechanism 114 can be set outside the range of the gas storage reservoir 111.

[0068] Therefore, in this embodiment, the gas storage subsystem 100 can not only balance the inlet flow or outlet flow of each gas storage assembly 110 through the pipeline structure 120, but also isolate each gas storage assembly 110 from the carbon dioxide energy storage system during maintenance without affecting the operation of the carbon dioxide energy storage system. In this way, the gas storage subsystem 100 can have higher operating efficiency and higher maintainability.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 includes a gas storage reservoir 111, a gas distribution pipe 112 and a connecting pipe 113. The gas distribution pipe 112 has a plurality of gas ports 117 connected to the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111; the first end of the connecting pipe 113 is connected to the gas distribution pipe 112, and the second end 113a of the connecting pipe is used to connect to the pipeline structure 120. Optionally, the second end 113a of the connecting pipe is located outside the range of the gas storage reservoir 111. In this embodiment, the gas distribution pipe 112 has a plurality of gas ports 117 connected to the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111. During the energy storage stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111 can enter the gas distribution pipe 112 through the gas port 117, and then flow into the energy storage assembly 200 through the gas distribution pipe 112, the connecting pipe 113, and the pipeline structure 120. In the energy release stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide provided to the pipeline structure 120 by the energy release component 400 can enter the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111 through the connecting pipe 113, the gas distribution pipe 112 and the gas port 117. In one example, the distance between the connection position a between the gas distribution pipe 112 and the connecting pipe 113 and one end of the gas distribution pipe 112 is 45% to 50% of the length of the gas distribution pipe 112, and in particular, can be 48% to 50%.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas distribution pipe 112 may be located below the gas storage reservoir 111, for example, the gas distribution pipe 112 may be buried below the gas storage reservoir 111. The lower end of the gas outlet 117 is connected to the gas distribution pipe 112, and the upper end passes through the ground membrane of the gas storage reservoir 111 and extends into the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111. In one example, the gas outlet may be a riser, the lower end of which is connected to the gas distribution pipe 112, and the upper end of which extends into the gas storage space. On the one hand, the main structure of the gas distribution pipe 112 and the gas outlet 117 (i.e., the main part of the riser) is located below the gas storage reservoir 111, for example, buried below the ground membrane of the gas storage reservoir 111, which is conducive to the fastening and shock absorption of the gas distribution pipe 112 and the gas outlet 117. On the other hand, this can reduce the support and fixation of the gas distribution pipe 112 in the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir 111, which is conducive to improving the air tightness of the gas storage reservoir 111.

[0071] exist Figure 4 In the example, the connecting pipe 113 of the gas storage assembly 110 extends out of the gas storage 111 from the short side edge side of the gas storage 111. It is understandable that in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the connecting pipe 113 of the gas storage assembly 110 may also extend out of the gas storage 111 from the long side edge side of the gas storage 111.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 4~Figure 15 A flow regulating mechanism 115 may also be provided on the connecting pipe 113, and the flow regulating mechanism 115 may control the flow of gaseous carbon dioxide flowing through the connecting pipe 113. In particular, when the carbon dioxide energy storage system has multiple gas storage assemblies 110, the inlet flow rate or outlet flow rate of each gas storage assembly 110 may be regulated by regulating the flow regulating mechanism 115 of each gas storage assembly 110, so that the inlet flow rate or outlet flow rate of each gas storage assembly 110 is substantially consistent. Optionally, the flow regulating mechanism 115 may be located outside the range of the gas storage 111 to facilitate the control and maintenance of the flow regulating mechanism 115.

[0073] In one example, the flow regulating mechanism 115 may be a flow regulating valve, such as a shutter valve.

[0074] For other examples, see Figure 6, the flow regulating mechanism 115 may have a plurality of branch pipes 1151 arranged side by side, and each branch pipe 1151 is provided with a first valve 1152. The connecting pipe 113 is divided into two sections at the flow regulating mechanism 115, and one section is connected to the other section through each branch pipe 1151. Among them, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of each branch pipe 1151 is not less than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting pipe 113. In this way, when the first valve 1152 on the branch pipe 1151 is closed, the branch pipe 1151 is turned off; when the first valve 1152 on the branch pipe 1151 is opened, the branch pipe 1151 is turned on. The flow of gaseous carbon dioxide flowing through the connecting pipe 113 can be controlled by controlling the number of branch pipes 1151 that are turned on. Optionally, the diameter of the branch pipe 1151 is 0.4 to 0.5 times the diameter of the connecting pipe 113 , and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the branch pipes 1151 is 1.2 to 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting pipe 113 .

[0075] exist Figure 4~Figure 15 In the example of , the flow regulating mechanism 115 is disposed between the stop valve 116 and the exhaust mechanism 114. It is understood that in other examples of the present disclosure, the flow regulating mechanism 115 may also be disposed at other positions, such as on a side of the exhaust mechanism 114 away from the stop valve 116, or on a side of the stop valve 116 away from the exhaust mechanism 114.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 7 to Figure 15 (The energy storage container 300 is not shown, and only part of the compressor 21 of the energy storage assembly 200 and part of the turbine 41 of the energy release assembly 400 are shown), the pipeline structure 120 includes at least one trunk pipeline 121, the trunk pipeline 121 has a plurality of connection ports, and the connection ports are connected to the second end 113a of the connection pipe of the gas storage assembly 110; wherein at least two adjacent connection ports of the trunk pipeline 121 are connected. In this way, two adjacent gas storage assemblies 110 can be connected to each other through the trunk pipeline 121; the two adjacent gas storage assemblies 110 can achieve re-balancing of the gas outlet flow and pressure with the help of the trunk pipeline 121 during the energy storage stage, and improve the synchronization of the inner membrane descent of the adjacent gas storages 111; the two adjacent gas storage assemblies 110 can achieve re-balancing of the gas intake flow and pressure with the help of the trunk pipeline 121 during the energy release stage, and improve the synchronization of the inner membrane lifting of the adjacent gas storages 111.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one trunk pipeline 121 is annular. Figure 7 to Figure 15In the example, the pipeline structure 120 includes an annular trunk pipeline 121, and the second end 113a of the connecting pipe of each gas storage assembly 110 is connected to the annular trunk pipeline 121. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of trunk pipelines 121 is not limited to one, and can also be set to multiple as needed, such as two, three, four or five. It can also be understood that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the trunk pipeline 121 is not limited to annular, for example, it can be linear or topological. For example, in one example, the pipeline structure 120 can include two or three trunk pipelines 121 arranged in a straight line, and each trunk pipeline 121 is connected to multiple gas storage assemblies 110; the shapes of the multiple trunk pipelines 121 can be the same or different, and can be either a straight line or a ring or a broken line; the extension directions of the multiple straight line trunk pipelines 121 can also be different; the multiple trunk pipelines 121 are connected to each other in a branched, radial or meshed shape.

[0078] exist Figure 7 to Figure 15 In the example of the embodiment, the trunk pipeline 121 of the pipeline structure 120 is a rectangular ring, which includes two long side pipelines arranged oppositely and two short side pipelines arranged oppositely. It is understood that in other examples of the present disclosure, when the trunk pipeline 121 is in a ring shape, it can be presented as a ring of other shapes, such as a hexagon, a pentagon or an irregular ring.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the trunk pipeline 121 can be adjusted according to the shape of at least part of the gas storage assembly 110. For example, the extension direction of the portion of the trunk pipeline 121 connected to the gas storage assembly 110 is perpendicular to the length direction of the gas storage 111 of the connected gas storage assembly 110. In this way, the trunk pipeline 121 can be connected to more gas storage assemblies 110, thereby reducing the cost of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pipeline structure 120 also includes a device connecting pipe 122 corresponding to each compression energy storage part 201 and expansion energy release part 401. The inlet of the compression energy storage part 201 is connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the corresponding device connecting pipe 122; the outlet of the expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the corresponding device connecting pipe 122. In this embodiment, the compression energy storage part 201 and the expansion energy release part 401 can be directly connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the device connecting pipe 122, and the pipeline is simple and convenient to construct, which is conducive to reducing the pipeline layout cost of the pipeline structure 120. Furthermore, a second valve 123 is provided on the device connecting pipe 122. When the second valve 123 is opened, the device connecting pipe 122 is turned on, and the compression energy storage part 201 or the expansion energy release part 401 connected to the device connecting pipe 122 can be connected to the trunk pipeline 121. When the second valve 123 is closed, the equipment connecting pipe 122 is cut off, and the compression energy storage part 201 or the expansion energy release part 401 connected to the equipment connecting pipe 122 can be disconnected from the trunk pipeline 121. In this way, according to the actual working conditions, an appropriate number of compression energy storage parts 201 can be selected to work for energy storage in the energy storage stage, or an appropriate number of expansion energy release parts 401 can be selected to work for power generation in the energy release stage; this can more finely adjust the energy storage power and the power generation power.

[0081] For example, in Figure 7 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the compression energy storage part and the expansion energy release part are connected to the short side pipes of the trunk pipeline 121 through corresponding equipment connecting pipes 122 respectively. The energy storage assembly 200, the energy storage container 300 and the energy release assembly 400 are arranged relatively concentratedly and effectively isolated from the gas storage reservoir assembly 110, which is beneficial to the maintenance and operation of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0082] For example, in Fig.14 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the compression energy storage unit and the expansion energy release unit are connected to the long side pipes of the trunk pipeline 121 through corresponding equipment connecting pipes 122. Fig.14 In the example, the energy storage assembly 200 and the energy release assembly 400 are arranged near the middle of the long side pipe of the trunk pipeline 121, and the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 is arranged on both sides thereof. It can be understood that the energy storage assembly 200 and the energy release assembly 400 can also be arranged near the end of the long side pipe of the trunk pipeline 121 as needed.

[0083] For example, in Fig.15In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the pipeline structure 120 further includes a bypass pipeline 126, which connects the middle parts of the two long side pipelines of the main pipeline 121. In this way, the main pipeline 121 and the bypass pipeline 126 are interconnected to form a pipeline network, further improving the rebalancing capability of the gas pressure and gas flow of the pipeline structure 120, and can effectively reduce the gas resistance of the pipeline structure 120.

[0084] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the compression energy storage unit 201 and the expansion energy release unit 401 may also be directly connected to the trunk pipeline 121 without passing through the equipment connection pipe 122. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the equipment connection pipes 122 (the equipment connection pipes 122 are provided with second valves 123) corresponding to each compression energy storage unit 201 and each expansion energy release unit 401, the pipeline structure 120 may also be provided with a scheduling pipeline 124 and a buffer pipeline 125. The scheduling pipeline 124 is connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the buffer pipeline 125, and each equipment connection pipe 122 is connected to the scheduling pipeline 124. In this way, the influence of the position difference of each compressed energy storage unit 201 on the dispatching pipeline 124 and the influence of the position difference of each gas storage assembly 110 on the trunk pipeline 121 are isolated by the buffer pipeline 125; the influence of the position difference of each expansion energy release unit 401 on the dispatching pipeline 124 and the influence of the position difference of each gas storage assembly 110 on the trunk pipeline 121 are isolated by the buffer pipeline 125. In this embodiment, in the energy storage stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide from each gas storage assembly 110 is collected to the buffer pipeline 125 through the trunk pipeline 121, and then distributed to the compressed energy storage unit 201 that needs gaseous carbon dioxide through the dispatching pipeline 124; in this process, the buffer pipeline 125 isolates the difference in gas supply flow and position distribution of each gas storage assembly 110 on the trunk pipeline 121 through the collection effect, and can provide a relatively uniform intake air flow to the dispatching pipeline 124, thereby facilitating a more uniform intake air flow of each compressed energy storage unit 201. In other words, the setting of the buffer pipe 125 makes it possible to filter out the position differences and air resistance differences between different compressed energy storage parts 201 and each gas storage assembly 110, which is beneficial to the control of each compressed energy storage part 201 and the balance of the outlet flow of each gas storage assembly 110. Similarly, in the energy release stage, the gaseous carbon dioxide from each expansion energy release part 401 is first collected into the buffer pipe 125 through the dispatching pipe 124, and then flows into the trunk pipe 121 through the buffer pipe 125 and is distributed to each gas storage assembly 110; the setting of the buffer pipe 125 makes it possible to filter out the position differences and air resistance differences between different expansion energy release parts 401 and each gas storage assembly 110, which is beneficial to the balance of the inlet flow of each gas storage assembly 110.

[0085] For example, in Figure 8In the carbon dioxide energy storage system illustrated, in addition to the equipment connecting pipes 122 (equipment connecting pipes 122 are provided with second valves 123) corresponding to each compression energy storage unit and each expansion energy release unit, the pipeline structure 120 may also be provided with a dispatching pipeline 124 and a buffer pipeline 125. The dispatching pipeline 124 is connected to the short side pipeline of the trunk pipeline 121 through the buffer pipeline 125, and each equipment connecting pipe 122 is connected to the dispatching pipeline 124.

[0086] For example, in Fig.12 In the carbon dioxide energy storage system illustrated, in addition to the equipment connecting pipes 122 (equipment connecting pipes 122 are provided with second valves 123) corresponding to each compression energy storage unit and each expansion energy release unit, the pipeline structure 120 may also be provided with a dispatching pipeline 124 and a buffer pipeline 125. The dispatching pipeline 124 is connected to the long side pipeline of the trunk pipeline 121 through the buffer pipeline 125, and each equipment connecting pipe 122 is connected to the dispatching pipeline 124.

[0087] For example, in Fig.13 In the carbon dioxide energy storage system illustrated, in addition to the equipment connecting pipes 122 (equipment connecting pipes 122 are provided with second valves 123) corresponding to each compression energy storage unit and each expansion energy release unit, the pipeline structure 120 may also be provided with a dispatching pipeline 124, a buffer pipeline 125 and a bypass pipeline 126. The dispatching pipeline 124 is connected to the long side pipeline of the trunk pipeline 121 through the buffer pipeline 125, and each equipment connecting pipe 122 is connected to the dispatching pipeline 124. The bypass pipeline 126 is connected to the two long side pipelines of the trunk pipeline 121.

[0088] In the above example, the energy storage assembly 200 and the energy release assembly 400 are directly connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the equipment connection pipe 122, or are connected to the trunk pipeline 121 through the equipment connection pipe 122, the dispatching pipeline 124 and the buffer pipeline 125. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, when the pipeline structure 120 is provided with a bypass pipeline 126, the energy storage assembly 200 and the energy release assembly 400 can be directly connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the equipment connection pipe 122, or are connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the equipment connection pipe 122, the dispatching pipeline 124 and the buffer pipeline 125. Specifically, the pipeline structure 120 includes a trunk pipeline 121, an equipment connection pipe 122, and a bypass pipeline 126; wherein the two long side pipelines of the trunk pipeline 121 are connected by the bypass pipeline 126; each compression energy storage unit 201 is directly or indirectly connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the corresponding equipment connection pipe 122; each expansion energy release unit 401 is connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the corresponding equipment connection pipe 122. Compared with the trunk pipeline 121, the position difference between each gas storage assembly 110 and the bypass pipeline 126 is smaller, which is conducive to more uniform gas supply flow or gas outlet flow of each gas storage assembly 110.

[0089] Furthermore, the connection position between the long side pipe of the main pipe 121 and the bypass pipe 126 is 40% to 60% of the length of the long side pipe of the main pipe 121, especially 45 to 55%, preferably 50%, from one end point of the long side pipe of the main pipe 121.

[0090] For example, in Fig.10 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the pipeline structure 120 includes a trunk pipeline 121, an equipment connecting pipe 122, a second valve 123, and a bypass pipeline 126; wherein the two long side pipelines of the trunk pipeline 121 are connected by the bypass pipeline 126; each compression energy storage part 201 is connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe 122; and each expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the bypass pipeline 126 through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe 122.

[0091] For example, in Fig.11In the carbon dioxide energy storage system illustrated, the pipeline structure 120 includes a trunk pipeline 121, an equipment connecting pipe 122, a second valve 123, a dispatching pipeline 124, a buffer pipeline 125, and a bypass pipeline 126; wherein the two long side pipelines of the trunk pipeline 121 are connected by the bypass pipeline 126; each compression energy storage part 201 is connected to the dispatching pipeline 124 by a corresponding equipment connecting pipe 122; each expansion energy release part 401 is connected to the dispatching pipeline 124 by a corresponding equipment connecting pipe 122; and the dispatching pipeline 124 is connected to the bypass pipeline 126 by a buffer pipeline 125. Furthermore, the distance between the connection position of the bypass pipeline 126 and the buffer pipeline 125 and one end point of the bypass pipeline 126 is 40% to 60% of the length of the bypass pipeline 126, and in particular, it can be 45 to 55%, and preferably 50%.

[0092] exist Figure 8 In the exemplary embodiment, the structure of the pipeline structure 120 is exemplarily described by taking the example that the connecting pipe 113 of the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 extends out of the gas storage reservoir 111 from the short side edge side of the gas storage reservoir 111. Further, in these embodiments, the pipeline structure 120 may not pass through the range of the gas storage reservoir 111, for example, the trunk pipeline 121 is located outside the short side of the gas storage reservoir 111. Of course, when necessary, the trunk pipeline 121 or other pipelines of the pipeline structure 120 may also pass through the range of the gas storage reservoir 111. It is understandable that in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the connecting pipe 113 of the gas storage reservoir assembly 110 may also pass through the long side of the gas storage reservoir 111, and the trunk pipeline 121 may also pass through the range of the gas storage reservoir 111 (for example, pass under the gas storage reservoir 111).

[0093] For example, in Fig. 9 In the illustrated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the connecting pipe 113 of the gas storage assembly extends from the long side of the gas storage 111 to the range of the gas storage 111, and the trunk pipeline 121 passes through the range of the gas storage 111 and is connected to the second end 113a of the connecting pipe outside the range of the gas storage 111, thereby connecting the gas storage assembly 110 to the pipeline structure 120. Furthermore, the long side pipeline of the trunk pipeline 121 is perpendicular to the length direction of the gas storage 111 and passes through the range of the gas storage 111.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas storage subsystem applied to a carbon dioxide energy storage system, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide energy storage system also includes an energy storage component, an energy storage container and an energy release component connected in sequence; wherein the gas storage subsystem includes a pipeline structure and a plurality of gas storage components; At least one of the energy storage component and the energy release component is connected to the pipeline structure; The pipeline structure is connected to each of the gas storage components to rebalance the airflow and air pressure flowing into or out of each gas storage component; the pipeline structure includes at least one trunk pipeline, the trunk pipeline has a plurality of connection ports, and the connection ports are connected to the gas storage components; Wherein, at least two adjacent connection ports of the trunk pipeline are kept in communication, so that the inlet / outlet flow and pressure of the gas storage assembly connected to the two adjacent connection ports are more balanced; The gas storage reservoir component includes a gas storage reservoir and a connecting pipe; the first end of the connecting pipe is connected to the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir, and the connecting port is connected to the second end of the connecting pipe of the gas storage reservoir component; the connecting pipe is provided with an exhaust mechanism, and a stop valve is provided between the exhaust mechanism and the second end of the connecting pipe; when the exhaust mechanism is opened, the gas storage space of the gas storage reservoir can be connected to the external space; the stop valve can enable each gas storage reservoir component to independently control the shutdown / conduction.

2. The gas storage subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the trunk pipes is annular.

3. The gas storage subsystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extension direction of the portion of the trunk pipeline connected to the gas storage reservoir assembly is perpendicular to the length direction of the gas storage reservoir of the connected gas storage reservoir assembly, so as to increase the number of gas storage reservoir assemblies connected to the trunk pipeline.

4. The gas storage subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage component includes at least one compression energy storage part; the energy release component includes at least one expansion energy release part; The pipeline structure also includes a plurality of equipment connecting pipes corresponding to each of the compression energy storage parts and each of the expansion energy release parts; The inlet of the compressed energy storage unit is connected to the trunk pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe; The outlet of the expansion energy release part is connected to the trunk pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe; The equipment connecting pipe simplifies the pipeline layout between the energy storage component, the energy release component and the trunk pipeline.

5. The gas storage subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage component includes at least one compression energy storage part; the energy release component includes at least one expansion energy release part; The pipeline structure also includes a dispatching pipeline and a plurality of equipment connecting pipes corresponding to each of the compression energy storage parts and each of the expansion energy release parts; The inlet of the compressed energy storage unit is connected to the dispatching pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe; The outlet of the expansion energy release part is connected to the dispatching pipeline through the corresponding equipment connecting pipe; The dispatching pipeline is in communication with the trunk pipeline.

6. The gas storage subsystem according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism and the stop valve are both located outside the gas storage reservoir to facilitate operation and control of each gas storage reservoir component.

7. The gas storage subsystem according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The connecting pipe is also provided with a flow regulating mechanism, and the flow regulating mechanism is located outside the range of the gas storage reservoir.

8. A carbon dioxide energy storage system, characterized in that: Comprising the gas storage subsystem as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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