A device and method for co-processing fly ash and sludge by synergistic ultrahigh-temperature melting

Abstract

The application provides a kind of fly ash and sludge synergic ultrahigh temperature melting resource treatment device and method, it is related to incineration fly ash and sludge technical field, including fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, melting gasification unit and gas treatment unit, fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit is used to pretreat fly ash and sludge, and it is pressed into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel;Melting gasification unit includes conveying system and melting gasification furnace, the top of melting gasification furnace is provided with pressure relief expansion bag, melting gasification furnace utilizes constant-speed constant-quantity high-temperature spiral airflow, satisfies its oxidation reduction to waste-derived fuel;The gas inlet end of gas treatment unit is connected with pressure relief expansion bag, and the gas treatment unit includes the Brown type fluid high-temperature heating cooling waste gas treatment device connected with melting gasification furnace;The application not only has remarkable fly ash and sludge treatment effect, can realize near-zero emission of waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue, and can realize resource recycling, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of incineration fly ash and sludge treatment technology, specifically to a treatment device and method for the synergistic ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization of fly ash and sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (hereinafter referred to as incineration fly ash) is a powdery substance collected by the flue gas purification system for municipal solid waste incineration. It is classified as hazardous waste (coded HW18). Incineration fly ash contains organic pollutants such as benzo[a]pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, and dioxins, as well as heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Ni. It is a highly hazardous solid waste. Dioxins are chlorinated tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with various toxic effects, exhibiting irreversible teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. Hg and its compounds have extremely strong neurotoxicity, causing serious damage to multiple organs in the human body. Furthermore, current municipal solid waste incineration fly ash also exhibits the following characteristics: high chlorine content; acidic substances such as hydrogen chloride produced after the incineration and decomposition of chlorinated plastics in municipal solid waste react with alkaline substances in the flue gas purification system, and the resulting products enter the incineration fly ash; salt and other substances in the waste also eventually accumulate in the incineration fly ash; and the chlorine in the incineration fly ash mainly exists in the form of soluble chloride salts, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride. The composition of fly ash is complex and highly variable. Furthermore, in addition to toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxins, incineration fly ash also contains calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron oxides, chloride salts, and elements such as carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus. Improper disposal of this fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration can cause serious environmental damage. Additionally, fly ash is also produced from the incineration of medical waste, which also requires safe disposal.

[0003] Sludge is a semi-solid organic waste derived from urban sewage treatment. Implementing harmless treatment of sludge, promoting resource utilization, and achieving synergistic effects of pollution reduction and carbon reduction are important measures needed at present.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a treatment device and method that can co-process fly ash and sludge, reduce waste emissions, and realize resource reuse. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a treatment device for the synergistic ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery of fly ash and sludge, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art; the preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this invention can produce many technical effects, as detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery. The device comprises a fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, a melting and gasification unit, and a gas treatment unit arranged sequentially. The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit pretreats the fly ash and sludge and presses them into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel. The melting and gasification unit includes a conveying system and a melting and gasification furnace. The feed end of the conveying system is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, and the discharge end of the conveying system is connected to the melting and gasification furnace. The melting and gasification furnace utilizes a constant-speed, quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to achieve oxidation-reduction of the waste-derived fuel. A pressure-reducing expansion chamber is provided at the top of the melting and gasification furnace, and a high-temperature lava slag outlet is provided at the bottom. The gas treatment unit's inlet is connected to the pressure-reducing expansion chamber, and the gas treatment unit has an exhaust port. The gas treatment unit includes a Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device, which is connected to the melting and gasification furnace.

[0008] Preferably, the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit includes a feeding hopper, a first pretreatment conveying device, a mixing device, a second pretreatment conveying device, and a briquetting machine, wherein: the feeding hopper is used for feeding fly ash and sludge; the feeding end of the first pretreatment conveying device is connected to the feeding hopper; the feeding port of the mixing device is located at the discharging end of the first pretreatment conveying device, the discharging port of the mixing device is connected to the feeding end of the second pretreatment conveying device, and the mixing device is provided with a strong oxidant injection port; the discharging end of the second pretreatment conveying device is connected to the feeding port of the briquetting machine, and the discharging port of the briquetting machine is located above the feeding end of the conveying system.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying system includes a vertical conveying device, a buffer silo, and a horizontal conveying device arranged sequentially along the conveying direction. The feed end of the vertical conveying device is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit; the discharge end of the horizontal conveying device is connected to the melting gasification furnace; and the number of conveying systems is at least two.

[0010] Preferably, the melting gasification unit includes an oxygen generator connected to the melting gasification furnace; the furnace wall of the melting gasification furnace is provided with multiple air inlet pipes along the circumferential direction.

[0011] Preferably, the molten gasification unit includes a circulating water cooling tank and a magnetic separator, wherein: the circulating water cooling tank is located at the discharge end of the molten gasification furnace; the magnetic separator is connected to the circulating water cooling tank and is used for the separation of heat-resistant alloys.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure-reducing expansion pack is provided with an exhaust branch, which is connected to a low-temperature plasma filter through a connecting pipe, and a high-frequency filter is provided on the exhaust branch; at least two exhaust branches are provided, each of which is provided with the high-frequency filter, and all the exhaust branches are arranged in parallel.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting pipeline is connected to an internal combustion generator via a connecting branch, and the internal combustion generator provides power to the treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization; the Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device includes a heating section and a cooling section, the heating section is connected to the melting gasification furnace via a hot gas outlet pipeline, and the cooling section is connected to the low-temperature plasma filter via a cold gas outlet pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the gas treatment unit further includes a dust collector, wherein: the low-temperature plasma filter is connected to the dust collector; and the dust collector is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the gas treatment unit further includes a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen extraction device, which includes an adsorber, a hydrogen extraction compressor, and a hydrogen tank. The adsorber is connected to a carbon monoxide inlet pipe and a return pipe. The carbon monoxide inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the return end of the return pipe is connected to the internal combustion generator. The hydrogen extraction compressor is connected to the adsorber, and the hydrogen tank is connected to the hydrogen extraction compressor.

[0016] This invention provides a method for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery, comprising at least the following steps:

[0017] Fly ash and sludge are pretreated by a fly ash and sludge pretreatment device and then compressed into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel.

[0018] The waste-derived fuel is transported to the melting gasifier via a conveying system. A Brownian fluid high-temperature cooling exhaust gas treatment device provides heat energy to the melting gasifier. The melting gasifier uses a constant-speed and quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to meet its oxidation-reduction requirements for the waste-derived fuel, producing liquid high-temperature lava and exhaust gas. The liquid high-temperature lava is discharged through the high-temperature lava slag outlet of the melting gasifier and then undergoes resource recovery treatment.

[0019] The waste gas is treated by a gas treatment unit before being discharged.

[0020] The present invention provides a treatment device and method for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The fly ash and sludge co-processing ultra-high temperature melting resource utilization device includes a fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, a melting gasification unit, and a gas treatment unit arranged in sequence. The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit solidifies toxic and harmful substances such as dioxins, heavy metals, and chloride salts in the fly ash and sludge into the lattice structure of the treated material through pretreatment, and presses them into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel. The waste-derived fuel has high mechanical strength and density, which can slow down the gas release rate at low temperature and ensure that it can smoothly enter the high temperature zone of the melting gasification unit.

[0022] The melting gasification unit includes a conveying system and a melting gasification furnace. The feed end of the conveying system is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, and the discharge end of the conveying system is connected to the melting gasification furnace. A pressure-reducing expansion chamber is installed at the top of the melting gasification furnace, and a high-temperature lava slag outlet is installed at the bottom. The gas treatment unit's inlet is connected to the pressure-reducing expansion chamber, and the gas treatment unit has an exhaust port. The gas treatment unit includes a Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace. When treating waste-derived fuel, the conveying system transports the waste-derived fuel to the melting gasification furnace, where it is heated by a Brownian fluid high-temperature heating process. The cooling exhaust gas treatment device provides stable heat energy to the molten gasification furnace. The molten gasification furnace utilizes a constant-speed and quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to meet its oxidation-reduction requirements for waste-derived fuels, ultimately forming exhaust gas and high-temperature lava. The high-temperature lava is discharged through the slag outlet for resource recovery and reuse, while the exhaust gas enters the gas treatment unit. After treatment, the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust port. The Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device ensures good exhaust gas treatment effect while providing a stable temperature range of 1800℃~2200℃ required for the oxidation-reduction reaction in the molten gasification furnace. This continuous and stable temperature range effectively guarantees the reaction effect. Combined with further gas treatment, the exhaust gas treatment effect is significant.

[0023] This invention utilizes a fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, a melting and gasification unit, and a gas treatment unit in tandem to achieve significant fly ash and sludge treatment effects, enabling near-zero emissions of waste gas, waste liquid, and waste residue, while also achieving resource reuse, energy conservation, and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fly ash machine sludge treatment unit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the melting and gasification unit and the gas processing unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the melting gasification furnace of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the melting gasification furnace of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral airflow forming of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a simplified structural diagram of the high-frequency electromagnetic heating device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a front view schematic diagram of the high-frequency filter of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a side view schematic diagram of the high-frequency filter of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorber of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen extraction compressor of the present invention.

[0037] Figure Labels

[0038] 1. Fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit; 11. Feed silo; 12. First pretreatment conveying device; 13. Mixing device; 14. Second pretreatment conveying device; 15. Briquetting machine; 2. Melting and gasification unit; 21. Vertical conveying device; 22. Buffer silo; 23. Horizontal conveying device; 24. Melting and gasification furnace; 241. Air inlet pipe; 25. Pressure reducing expansion tank; 26. Circulating water cooling tank; 27. Magnetic separator; 28. Oxygen generator; 3. Gas treatment unit; 31. Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device; 3 11. Cooling section; 312. Heating section; 313. High-frequency induction power supply; 314. High-frequency coil; 315. Ceramic insulating cylinder; 316. Filter; 317. High-frequency induction electrode plate; 318. Alkali spray; 319. Condenser; 32. Exhaust branch; 33. Connecting pipeline; 34. High-frequency filter; 35. Internal combustion generator; 36. Low-temperature plasma filter; 37. Dust collector; 38. Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device; 381. Adsorber; 382. Hydrogen extraction compressor; 383. Hydrogen tank. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] This invention provides a treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery, as described in the reference. Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization includes a fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1, a melting and gasification unit 2, and a gas treatment unit 3 arranged in sequence.

[0042] The melting gasification unit 2 includes a conveying system and a melting gasification furnace 24. The feed end of the conveying system is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1, and the discharge end of the conveying system is connected to the melting gasification furnace 24. The top of the melting gasification furnace 24 is provided with a pressure-reducing expansion pack 25, and the bottom of the melting gasification furnace 24 is provided with a high-temperature lava slag outlet. The gas treatment unit 3 has an exhaust port and includes a Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device 31, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace 24.

[0043] When treating fly ash and sludge, the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1 first pretreats them and compresses them into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel. Then, the conveying system transports the waste-derived fuel to the melting gasification furnace 24. The Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device 31 provides heat to the melting gasification furnace to meet the temperature required for the oxidation-reduction reaction. The melting gasification furnace 24 generates a high-temperature spiral airflow that acts on the waste-derived fuel, causing it to melt and gasify, producing high-temperature lava and waste gas. The high-temperature lava can be reused after resource recovery and sorting. The waste gas is further treated by the gas treatment unit 3 and discharged harmlessly.

[0044] The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1, the melting and gasification unit 2, and the gas treatment unit 3 of this invention work together to achieve not only significant fly ash and sludge treatment effects, enabling near-zero emissions of waste gas, waste liquid, and waste, but also resource reuse, making it green and environmentally friendly.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Example 2 is based on Example 1:

[0047] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1 includes a feed hopper 11, a first pretreatment conveying device 12, a mixing device 13, a second pretreatment conveying device 14, and a briquetting machine 15.

[0048] The feeding hopper 11 is used for feeding fly ash and sludge. The first pretreatment conveying device 12 adopts a screw conveyor, whose feeding end is connected to the feeding hopper 11 and whose discharging end is connected to the feeding port of the mixing device 13. The mixing device 13 adopts a rotary mixing device, which is equipped with a strong oxidant injection port, and a spraying device is installed at the position of the strong oxidant injection port. The second pretreatment conveying device 14 adopts a screw conveyor, whose feeding end is connected to the discharging port of the mixing device 13 and whose discharging end is connected to the feeding port of the briquetting machine 15. The discharging port of the briquetting machine 15 is connected above the feeding end of the conveying system.

[0049] The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1 utilizes a strong oxidant to activate the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts in the fly ash and sludge, causing them to dissolve and then polymerize, ultimately solidifying and hardening into low-carbon cementitious materials and carbon materials. During the mixing process, waste paper, straw, waste wood, etc., can be added according to the calorific value requirements and pressed into spheres or blocks. After natural curing for 24 hours, the thermomechanical strength is increased to the following indicators: crushing strength M25≧83.0, M40≧72.0; abrasion resistance M10≦10.50; post-reaction strength CSR≧45; moisture content≦12%; the thermomechanical strength CSR of the pretreated and solidified waste-derived fuel is ≥45.

[0050] The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit 1 can solidify dioxins and heavy metals in fly ash into the lattice structure of stabilized soil, so that the comprehensive toxicity removal rate of waste-derived fuel before entering the melting gasifier 24 can reach more than 75%. While increasing the thermomechanical strength of spherical waste-derived fuel, it also increases its density and slows down the gas release rate at low temperatures.

[0051] As an optional implementation, the conveying system includes a vertical conveying device 21, a buffer hopper 22, and a horizontal conveying device 23 arranged sequentially along the conveying direction.

[0052] The vertical conveying device 21 adopts an elevator, and its feed end is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit. The spherical waste-derived fuel formed by the briquetting machine 15 is conveyed to the elevator in an arc manner. The horizontal conveying device 23 adopts a screw conveyor, and its discharge end is connected to the melting gasification furnace 24. The vertical conveying device 21, the buffer silo 22 and the horizontal conveying device 23 work together to achieve a significant effect in conveying waste-derived fuel.

[0053] The vertical conveying device 21, the buffer hopper 22, and the horizontal conveying device 23 are configured as multiple groups, each group being relatively independent and capable of operating independently. Optionally, the number of these groups is set to two, distributed at 90° intervals around the outside of the melting gasification furnace 24. The two groups of conveying systems are used in one and standby in the other, enabling continuous conveying and allowing for non-stop maintenance of the system.

[0054] To prevent gas from flowing out of the pressure-reducing expansion pack 25, a double-layer damping feed plate is installed in the buffer hopper 22.

[0055] As an optional implementation, an oxygen generator 28 is connected to the molten gasification furnace 24.

[0056] The furnace wall of the melting gasification furnace 24 is provided with multiple air inlet pipes 241 along the circumference. The air inlet pipes 241 are inclined at an angle to the furnace wall of the melting gasification furnace 24, so that a spiral airflow can be generated to create a tornado shape.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the melting and gasification unit 2 includes a circulating water cooling tank 26 and a magnetic separator 27. The circulating water cooling tank 26 is located at the discharge end of the melting and gasification furnace 24, and the magnetic separator 27 is connected to the circulating water cooling tank 26.

[0058] After the waste-derived fuel is melted and gasified, the liquid high-temperature lava enters the circulating water cooling tank 26 for cooling, and the magnetic separator 27 separates the heat-resistant alloy for subsequent commercial use.

[0059] During the aforementioned cooling process, the solid material produced is a microcrystalline glass, and the gas produced is carbon monoxide. After purification, the carbon monoxide can be used to extract hydrogen through the subsequent pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device 38 or to power the internal combustion generator 35.

[0060] Meanwhile, a large amount of water vapor will be generated during the cooling process, which can be used to reduce dust during the operation of the molten gasification furnace 24.

[0061] As an optional implementation, the pressure-reducing expansion pack 25 is connected to an exhaust branch 32, which is connected to a low-temperature plasma filter 36 via a connecting pipe 33. A gas shut-off valve is installed on the connecting pipe 33 between the connecting pipe 33 and the low-temperature plasma filter 36. A high-frequency filter 34 is installed on the exhaust branch 32. The high-frequency filter 34 is used to remove harmful substances such as sulfides, dioxins, and trace metal elements. Compared with traditional activated carbon filtration, it has a superior gas purification effect.

[0062] There are at least two exhaust branches 32, and each exhaust branch 32 is equipped with a high-frequency filter 34. All exhaust branches 32 are connected in parallel.

[0063] Preferably, the number of exhaust branches 32 is set to two, one for use and one for standby, which can realize the continuous treatment of fly ash and sludge.

[0064] Furthermore, the high-frequency filter 34 is equipped with a pressure sensor, which can provide the internal airflow pressure to the control system in real time. When the high-frequency filter 34 is clogged, it is heated to 600°C by electricity to pyrolyze and vaporize the oil and asphalt and other sticky substances that are clogging the high-frequency filter 34, thereby playing an automatic unclogging role.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the connecting pipe 33 is connected to an internal combustion generator 35 via a connecting branch. The internal combustion generator 35 provides electrical energy to the Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device 31 by burning exhaust gas.

[0066] The exhaust end of the internal combustion generator 35 is connected to the Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device 31 through a pipeline. The Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device 31 includes a heating section 312 and a cooling section 311.

[0067] The heating section 312 has a first accommodating cavity inside, and a high-frequency electromagnetic heating device is installed within the first accommodating cavity. The high-frequency electromagnetic heating device includes a high-frequency induction power supply 313, a high-frequency coil 314, a ceramic insulating cylinder 315, and a high-frequency induction electrode 317. The high-frequency induction power supply 313 is electrically connected to the high-frequency coil 314 via a cable. The high-frequency coil 314 is wound around the outside of the ceramic insulating cylinder 315. The ceramic insulating cylinder 315 has a high-frequency heating cavity and a Brownian motion reaction cavity inside. The section of the ceramic insulating cylinder 315 corresponding to the high-frequency coil 314 forms the high-frequency heating cavity. The insulating cylinder 315 isolates the high-frequency coil 314 from the outside of the heating flow, which can prevent coil aging, avoid a decrease in its heat insulation capacity, and improve its service life. The high-frequency heating chamber is equipped with a filter 316, which is made of stainless steel. Its air inlet is connected to the exhaust end of the internal combustion generator 35 through a pipeline. The high-frequency induction electrode 317 is embedded in the outer wall of the filter 316. Induction-type synchronous resonance heating is adopted. The outer wall of the ceramic insulating cylinder 315 does not have a heat conduction effect. The Brownian motion reaction chamber is connected to a hot gas outlet pipeline, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace 24.

[0068] When the subsequent pressure swing adsorption process for hydrogen extraction is not performed, the gas shut-off valve is closed, and the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion generator 35 enters the high-frequency heating chamber. The high-frequency electromagnetic heating device generates high frequency, forming a high-frequency electromagnetic field. By utilizing the resonance of the high-frequency electromagnetic field, the molecules inside the exhaust gas undergo intense collisions and random diffusion within the Brownian motion reaction chamber, thereby achieving instantaneous heating and completing high-temperature thermal decomposition. Subsequently, a portion of the hot gas at a temperature of around 1000°C enters the melting gasification furnace 24 through the hot gas outlet pipe, providing it with stable thermal energy.

[0069] The high-frequency electromagnetic heating device, equipped with a high-frequency heating chamber and a Brownian motion reaction chamber, instantaneously heats the exhaust gas in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. On the one hand, this leads to more complete thermal decomposition of the exhaust gas, efficiently decomposing butadiene, ethylene glycol polymers, and benzo(a)pyrene (VOCs) volatile organic compounds, reducing the emission of unburned PM2.5 particles, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and other pollutants. On the other hand, the high-frequency electromagnetic field's resonance can break down dioxin molecular clusters in the oxygen-deficient atmosphere, significantly lowering the decomposition temperature of dioxins and resulting in significant energy savings and consumption reduction. Furthermore, compared to existing exhaust gas incineration chambers, this device has a simpler structure, lower space occupancy, and lower construction and operating costs.

[0070] In addition, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion generator 35 is usually at 450℃~500℃, which has a preheating effect, can shorten the heating time of the exhaust gas in the high-frequency heating chamber, and also has the effect of improving efficiency and saving energy.

[0071] An annular fresh air channel is provided between the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity and the outer wall of the ceramic insulating cylinder 315. A fresh air mixing inlet is provided on the heating section 312 in communication with the fresh air channel. The fresh air mixing inlet and the annular fresh air channel are used for heat dissipation of the high-frequency electromagnetic heating device.

[0072] A second accommodating cavity is provided within the cooling section 311. The hot gas outlet pipe is connected to the second accommodating cavity via a pipe. The second accommodating cavity includes a spray chamber and a cooling chamber. The spray chamber is connected to the hot gas outlet pipe via a corresponding pipe. An alkaline spray 318 is provided within the spray chamber. The alkaline spray 318 is used to neutralize or remove acidic gases, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, etc. A condenser pipe 319 is provided within the cooling chamber. The cooling chamber is connected to a low-temperature plasma filter 36 via a cold gas outlet pipe. The condenser pipe 319 is S-shaped, which can increase the heat exchange area and extend the heat exchange time, so that the exhaust temperature is maintained at 30-40℃.

[0073] As an optional implementation, the gas treatment unit 3 also includes a dust collector 37, a low-temperature plasma filter 36 connected to the dust collector 37, and an exhaust pipe connected to the dust collector 37. The dust collector 37 and the low-temperature plasma filter 36 cooperate with each other to purify the gas.

[0074] As an optional implementation, the gas processing unit 3 further includes a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device 38, which includes an adsorber 381, a hydrogen extraction compressor 382, ​​and a hydrogen tank 383.

[0075] The adsorber 381 is connected to a carbon monoxide inlet pipe and a return pipe. The carbon monoxide inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the return end of the return pipe is connected to the internal combustion generator 35. The hydrogen extraction compressor 382 is connected to the adsorber 381. The hydrogen tank 383 is connected to the hydrogen extraction compressor 382.

[0076] The adsorber 381, hydrogen extraction compressor 382, ​​and hydrogen tank 383 work together to effectively extract and store hydrogen, facilitating subsequent resource utilization. At the same time, the reflux pipe can also transport the extracted hydrogen to the internal combustion generator 35 for power generation.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] This invention provides a method for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge through ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery. The method includes at least the following steps:

[0079] Fly ash and sludge are pretreated by a fly ash and sludge pretreatment device and then compressed into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel.

[0080] The waste-derived fuel is transported to the melting gasifier 24 via a conveying system. A Brownian fluid high-temperature cooling exhaust gas treatment device provides heat energy to the melting gasifier 24. The melting gasifier 24 uses a constant-speed and quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to meet its oxidation-reduction requirements for the waste-derived fuel, producing liquid high-temperature lava and exhaust gas. The liquid high-temperature lava is discharged through the high-temperature lava slag outlet of the melting gasifier 24 and undergoes resource recovery treatment.

[0081] The waste gas is treated by the gas treatment unit 3 and then discharged.

[0082] During the process of treating the waste gas through the gas treatment unit 3, hydrogen can be extracted and stored through the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device 38, which facilitates the subsequent resource reuse of hydrogen.

[0083] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0084] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0085] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A treatment device for the synergistic ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery of fly ash and sludge, characterized in that, It includes a fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, a melting and gasification unit, and a gas treatment unit arranged sequentially, wherein: The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit is used to pretreat fly ash and sludge and compress them into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel. The melting gasification unit includes a conveying system and a melting gasification furnace. The feed end of the conveying system is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit, and the discharge end of the conveying system is connected to the melting gasification furnace. The melting gasification furnace uses a constant-speed and quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to meet its oxidation-reduction requirements for the waste-derived fuel. A pressure-reducing expansion tank is provided at the top of the melting gasification furnace, and a high-temperature lava slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the melting gasification furnace. The gas treatment unit is connected to the pressure-reducing expansion pack at its inlet end. The gas treatment unit is provided with an exhaust port. The gas treatment unit includes a Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling waste gas treatment device, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace. The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit includes a mixing device, which is equipped with a strong oxidant injection port. The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit utilizes a strong oxidant to activate the activity of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts in fly ash and sludge. The pressure-reducing expansion pack is connected to an exhaust branch, which is connected to a low-temperature plasma filter via a connecting pipe. The connecting pipeline is connected to an internal combustion generator via a connecting branch, and the internal combustion generator provides power to the treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery. The Brownian fluid high-temperature heating and cooling exhaust gas treatment device includes a heating section and a cooling section. The heating section is connected to the melting gasification furnace through a hot gas outlet pipeline, and the cooling section is connected to the low-temperature plasma filter through a cold gas outlet pipeline. The heating section has a first accommodating cavity, within which a high-frequency electromagnetic heating device is installed. This device includes a high-frequency induction power supply, a high-frequency coil, a ceramic insulating cylinder, and a high-frequency induction electrode. The high-frequency induction power supply is electrically connected to the high-frequency coil via a cable. The high-frequency coil is wound around the outside of the ceramic insulating cylinder. The ceramic insulating cylinder contains a high-frequency heating chamber and a Brownian motion reaction chamber. The section of the ceramic insulating cylinder corresponding to the high-frequency coil forms the high-frequency heating chamber. The ceramic insulating cylinder isolates the high-frequency coil from the outside of the heating flow. A filter, made of stainless steel, is installed within the high-frequency heating chamber. Its inlet is connected to the exhaust end of the internal combustion generator via a pipe. The high-frequency induction electrode is embedded in the outer wall of the filter. The Brownian motion reaction chamber is connected to a hot gas outlet pipe, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace.

2. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit includes a feed hopper, a first pretreatment conveying device, a second pretreatment conveying device, and a briquetting machine, wherein: The feed hopper is used for feeding fly ash and sludge; The feed end of the first pretreatment conveying device is connected to the feed hopper; The inlet of the mixing device is located at the outlet of the first pretreatment conveying device, and the outlet of the mixing device is connected to the inlet of the second pretreatment conveying device. The discharge end of the second pretreatment conveying device is connected to the inlet of the briquetting machine; The outlet of the briquetting machine is located above the feed end of the conveying system.

3. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying system includes a vertical conveying device, a buffer silo, and a horizontal conveying device arranged sequentially along the conveying direction. The feed end of the vertical conveying device is connected to the fly ash and sludge pretreatment unit; the discharge end of the horizontal conveying device is connected to the melting gasification furnace. The number of the conveying systems is set to at least two.

4. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting gasification unit includes an oxygen generator, which is connected to the melting gasification furnace. The furnace wall of the molten gasification furnace is provided with multiple air inlet pipes along the circumference.

5. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting and gasification unit includes a circulating water cooling tank and a magnetic separator, wherein: The circulating water cooling tank is located at the discharge end of the molten gasification furnace; The magnetic separator is connected to the circulating water cooling tank and is used for sorting heat-resistant alloys.

6. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, A high-frequency filter is installed on the exhaust branch; The number of exhaust branches is at least two, and each exhaust branch is equipped with the high-frequency filter. All exhaust branches are connected in parallel.

7. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas processing unit further includes a dust collector, wherein: The low-temperature plasma filter is connected to the dust collector; The dust collector is connected to an exhaust pipe.

8. The treatment device for the co-processing of fly ash and sludge at ultra-high temperature melting and resource utilization according to claim 7, wherein the gas treatment unit further includes a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen extraction device, the PSA hydrogen extraction device comprising an adsorber, a hydrogen extraction compressor, and a hydrogen tank, wherein: The adsorber is connected to a carbon monoxide inlet pipe and a return pipe. The carbon monoxide inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the return end of the return pipe is connected to the internal combustion generator. The hydrogen extraction compressor is connected to the adsorber. The hydrogen tank is connected to the hydrogen extraction compressor.

9. A treatment method using a treatment device for the synergistic ultra-high temperature melting and resource recovery of fly ash and sludge as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, At least the following steps are included: Fly ash and sludge are pretreated by a fly ash and sludge pretreatment device and then compressed into spherical or block-shaped waste-derived fuel. The waste-derived fuel is transported to the melting gasifier via a conveying system. A Brownian fluid high-temperature cooling exhaust gas treatment device provides heat energy to the melting gasifier. The melting gasifier uses a constant-speed and quantitative high-temperature spiral airflow to meet its oxidation-reduction requirements for the waste-derived fuel, producing liquid high-temperature lava and exhaust gas. The liquid high-temperature lava is discharged through the high-temperature lava slag outlet of the melting gasifier and then undergoes resource recovery treatment. The waste gas is treated by a gas treatment unit before being discharged.

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