An unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology

Abstract

The application discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on an ecological restoration technology, and belongs to the field of ecological restoration, and solves the problem that a monitoring camera cannot be omnidirectionally covered in the process of monitoring unmanned aerial vehicles by using the existing ecological restoration technology, and comprises the following steps: S1, before ecological restoration, a large range is investigated by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, partial core areas or areas worthy of attention are selected to carry out field detection, and environmental elements (temperature, moisture, soil) are evaluated, in the application, by arranging a monitoring mechanism and a swing mechanism, vegetation conditions and terrain and landform data in the area can be monitored in real time, a three-dimensional model of the area is constructed through subsequent monitoring data, it is convenient to formulate a corresponding ecological restoration plan according to the known data, and in the monitoring process, the angle of the monitoring assembly can be flexibly adjusted, it is convenient for the equipment to clearly and accurately identify the conditions and data of the current area, and the accuracy of equipment monitoring is improved, so that the working quality of the equipment itself is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically relating to a drone detection method based on ecological restoration technology. Background Technology

[0002] In ecological restoration, the selection of plants or plant combinations for restoration often relies on experience or general restoration guidelines. However, in some special areas (such as steep slopes in high mountain valleys and mines), due to topography and local climate, the selected plants have poor adaptability, making it difficult to achieve the expected ecological restoration results. Besides the issue of plant species selection, the lack of accurate monitoring and dynamic assessment data during plant restoration leads to problems that cannot be addressed promptly, and post-restoration maintenance measures lack specificity. Currently, drones are generally used to monitor the surrounding topography in real time, combined with soil conditions, to assess the current ecological restoration status of the area.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN118004424A discloses an ecological restoration zone spraying device and spraying method based on drones. The ecological restoration zone spraying device based on drones in this invention includes a drone body with support legs set at the bottom of both sides of the drone body. The drone body includes a scanning mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a nozzle mechanism. In use, the drone's own scanning mechanism can accurately identify geological features and ecological geological environment. Combined with the subsequent spraying mechanism, the governance efficiency of ecological restoration can be improved.

[0004] The above design, through the design of the scanning and spraying mechanisms, can accurately scan the area to be repaired and then accurately spray the slurry according to the scanned terrain. However, there are some problems in actual use. Specifically, when the UAV scans the terrain of the area, the position of the overall components is fixed, and the shooting angle and position of the detection camera cannot be flexibly adjusted. This makes it easy for some areas to be incompletely scanned, resulting in missing data and affecting the subsequent overall processing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A drone detection method based on ecological restoration technology includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Before ecological restoration, conduct a large-scale survey using drones, select some core areas or areas of concern for on-site investigation, assess environmental factors (light, temperature, water, soil), and select local native ecosystems that are in a stable stage as reference ecosystems to help establish ecological restoration strategies.

[0009] S2. In ecological restoration, drones are used for irregular regional monitoring. The environmental data and dynamic data on the growth of planted plants obtained from the monitoring are used to accurately judge the current restoration status of the area, promptly identify problems in the current area, and solve them in a timely manner (such as through necessary irrigation and plant maintenance).

[0010] S3. In the later stages of ecological restoration, drones are used to observe the growth of planted vegetation and the restoration status in the area to help assess the restoration effect.

[0011] S4. Construct a complete database; construct a complete database by detecting regional environmental data and plant growth data.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drone used in steps S1 and S2 of claim 1 includes an aircraft body, a landing support, and wing assemblies. Multiple sets of wing assemblies are fixedly installed on the side of the aircraft body. The landing support is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the aircraft body. A monitoring mechanism for detecting terrain and plant planting conditions is provided at the bottom of the aircraft body. The monitoring mechanism is equipped with a monitoring component that automatically takes pictures of the current area and detects plant growth. The monitoring component is used to promptly reflect the restoration status of the current area. A swing mechanism for adjusting the angle of the monitoring mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the monitoring mechanism. A defogging mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom of the aircraft body, and a spraying mechanism is provided on the side of the aircraft body.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring mechanism includes a protective frame, a support frame, an upper limit frame, and a monitoring component. The protective frame is disposed at the bottom of the aircraft body, the support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective frame, and the upper limit frame is fixedly installed at the top of the protective frame. The protective frame, the support frame, and the upper limit frame form a semi-enclosed shell with side openings, and the monitoring component is disposed inside the shell.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring component consists of a controller, a detection camera module, and a lidar module. The detection camera module takes pictures of the terrain, landforms, and plant growth of the current area, and the lidar module inputs the detected geological and terrain data into the controller.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the swing mechanism includes a protective chamber, a reciprocating assembly, a rotating link, and a connecting frame. The protective chamber is fixedly installed below the main body of the aircraft, the reciprocating assembly is fixedly installed inside the protective chamber, the rotating link is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the reciprocating assembly, and the connecting frame is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating link. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the monitoring mechanism.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating assembly includes a connecting column, a meshing gear, a sector gear block, a main gear, and a drive motor. The connecting column is symmetrically rotatably installed inside the protective chamber. The meshing gear is fixedly installed outside the connecting column and meshes with each other. The sector gear block is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting column. The main gear is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating connecting rod and meshes with the sector gear block. The drive motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the protective chamber, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the end of one set of connecting columns.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the defogging mechanism includes a hot air blower assembly, a conveying pipe, and an air outlet. The hot air blower assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the aircraft body, the air outlet is fixedly installed on the side of the monitoring mechanism, and a conveying pipe is fixedly installed between the air outlet and the hot air blower assembly.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet includes a guide plate, an additional side plate, and an installation assembly. The additional side plate is fixedly installed on the side of the monitoring mechanism, and the installation assembly is disposed at the end of the additional side plate. The guide plate is fixedly installed on the side of the additional side plate through the installation assembly.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting assembly consists of a threaded rod and a nut, wherein the threaded rod passes through both the guide plate and the side plate, and the nut is threadedly installed at the end of the threaded rod.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drone detection method based on ecological restoration technology further includes a spraying mechanism, which includes a conveying component, a rotating frame and a spraying end. The conveying component is fixedly installed on the side of the aircraft body, the rotating frame is located at the bottom of the aircraft body, and the spraying end is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating frame.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) In this invention, by setting up a monitoring mechanism and a swing mechanism, the vegetation conditions and topographic data of the area can be monitored in real time. Subsequently, the monitoring data is used to construct a three-dimensional model of the area, which is convenient to formulate a corresponding ecological restoration plan based on the known data. In addition, during the monitoring process, the angle of the monitoring components can be flexibly adjusted, which makes it easy for the equipment to clearly and accurately identify the various conditions and data of the current area, thereby improving the accuracy of the equipment monitoring and thus improving the working quality of the equipment itself.

[0023] (2) In this invention, by setting up a defogging mechanism and a spraying mechanism, water mist generated on the lens surface can be removed, preventing water mist from adhering to the lens surface and affecting the accuracy of the lens shooting image and data collection. Subsequently, the vegetation can be irrigated and sprayed with nutrients in different areas according to the collected data, thereby improving the survival rate of plants in the vegetation and allowing the ecological restoration process to proceed steadily. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the bottom structure of the main body of the aircraft of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the monitoring mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring component in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the swing mechanism in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating component in this invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the defogging mechanism in this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet end in this invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism in this invention.

[0033] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows:

[0034] 1. Aircraft body; 2. Landing support; 3. Wing assembly; 4. Monitoring mechanism; 41. Protective frame; 42. Support frame; 43. Upper limit frame; 44. Monitoring component; 441. Controller; 442. Detection camera module; 443. LiDAR module; 5. Swinging mechanism; 51. Protective compartment; 52. Reciprocating assembly; 521. Connecting column; 522. Meshing gear; 523. Sector gear; 524. Main gear; 525. Drive motor; 53. Rotating connecting rod; 54. Connecting frame; 6. Defogging mechanism; 61. Hot air blower assembly; 62. Conveying pipe; 63. Air outlet; 631. Guide plate; 632. Side plate; 633. Mounting assembly; 7. Spraying mechanism; 71. Conveying assembly; 72. Rotating frame; 73. Spraying end. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments. The present invention provides the following embodiments.

[0038] A drone detection method based on ecological restoration technology includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Before ecological restoration, conduct a large-scale survey using drones, select some core areas or areas of concern for on-site investigation, assess environmental factors (light, temperature, water, soil), and select local native ecosystems that are in a stable stage as reference ecosystems to help establish ecological restoration strategies.

[0040] S2. In ecological restoration, drones are used for irregular regional monitoring. The environmental data and dynamic data on the growth of planted plants obtained from the monitoring are used to accurately judge the current restoration status of the area, promptly identify problems in the current area, and solve them in a timely manner (such as through necessary irrigation and plant maintenance).

[0041] S3. In the later stages of ecological restoration, drones are used to observe the growth of planted vegetation and the restoration status in the area to help assess the restoration effect.

[0042] S4. Construct a complete database. A complete database is constructed by analyzing regional environmental and plant growth data.

[0043] From the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this is a structural schematic diagram of the UAV in this embodiment. The UAV used in steps S1 and S2 includes a main body 1, a landing support 2, and wing components 3. Multiple sets of wing components 3 are fixedly installed on the side of the main body 1. The landing support 2 is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the main body 1. A monitoring mechanism 4 for detecting terrain and plant planting is set at the bottom of the main body 1. The monitoring mechanism 4 is equipped with a monitoring component 44 that automatically takes pictures of the current area and detects plant growth. The monitoring component 44 is used to promptly reflect the restoration status of the current area. A swing mechanism 5 for adjusting the angle of the monitoring mechanism 4 is fixedly installed at the top of the monitoring mechanism 4. A defogging mechanism 6 is set on one side of the bottom of the main body 1, and a spraying mechanism 7 is set on the side of the main body 1.

[0044] In use, the aircraft body 1 and wing assembly 3 work together to enable the aircraft body 1 to fly over the area to be inspected. Then, through the use of monitoring mechanism 4, the area is inspected. Monitoring component 44 can detect the vegetation growth and topography of the current area in real time, and collects the detected data in conjunction with the aircraft body 1. This data is used to analyze the current restoration status of the area and formulate corresponding restoration plans. The use of swing mechanism 5 can drive monitoring mechanism 4 to make multi-angle adjustments, so that monitoring mechanism 4 can comprehensively inspect the area. Subsequently, with the cooperation of defogging mechanism 6, the water mist generated on the surface of the internal components of monitoring component 44 at high altitude is cleaned, making the overall detection effect clearer and more accurate, thereby completing the ecological restoration of the area.

[0045] From the appendix Figure 3 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring mechanism 4 in this embodiment. The monitoring mechanism 4 includes a protective frame 41, a support frame 42, an upper limit frame 43, and a monitoring component 44. The protective frame 41 is located at the bottom of the aircraft body 1, the support frame 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective frame 41, and the upper limit frame 43 is fixedly installed at the top of the protective frame 41. The protective frame 41, the support frame 42, and the upper limit frame 43 form a semi-closed shell with side openings. The monitoring component 44 is located inside the shell.

[0046] During use, the protective frame 41, support frame 42, and upper limit frame 43 provide a semi-enclosed shell for the installation of the monitoring component 44, allowing the monitoring component 44 to move stably and synchronously with the main body of the aircraft 1. Subsequently, the monitoring component 44 can better capture various data and images of the current area, assisting in the subsequent steps. The use of the monitoring component 44 can capture images of the vegetation growth in the current area and scan the terrain, facilitating the subsequent construction of a three-dimensional model of the area, making the overall work more efficient.

[0047] From the appendix Figure 4 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring component 44 in this embodiment. The monitoring component 44 consists of a controller 441, a detection camera module 442 and a lidar module 443. The detection camera module 442 takes pictures of the terrain, landform and plant growth of the current area, and the lidar module 443 inputs the detected geological and terrain data into the controller 441.

[0048] During use, the camera module 442 is used to photograph the terrain of the current area. After multiple shooting comparisons, multispectral images of the area are obtained, and key parameters for ecological restoration monitoring such as vegetation index, vegetation coverage, and biomass are generated. Vegetation distribution maps, coverage distribution maps, and biomass distribution maps are also created. The lidar module 443 is used to perform detailed scanning of the terrain of the area, which facilitates the subsequent construction of a three-dimensional model of the area. By combining the measurement of underground soil ecological indicators, key indicators for evaluating the ecological restoration effect of vegetation and soil parameters are formed. Based on the above data, the vegetation index, vegetation coverage, and soil parameters at the worst and best times of vegetation growth in the study area are produced, and a long-term series monitoring dataset is formed to monitor and evaluate the entire ecological restoration process.

[0049] From the appendix Figure 5 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the swing mechanism 5 in this embodiment. The swing mechanism 5 includes a protective chamber 51, a reciprocating assembly 52, a rotating connecting rod 53, and a connecting frame 54. The protective chamber 51 is fixedly installed below the aircraft body 1, the reciprocating assembly 52 is fixedly installed inside the protective chamber 51, the rotating connecting rod 53 is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the reciprocating assembly 52, and the connecting frame 54 is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating connecting rod 53. The connecting frame 54 is fixedly connected to the monitoring mechanism 4.

[0050] During use, the protective chamber 51 and the reciprocating assembly 52 work together to drive the rotating connecting rod 53 to make multi-angle adjustments and changes, so that the monitoring mechanism 4 can rotate in a horizontal state, making the overall detection effect of the monitoring mechanism 4 more efficient and accurate, and expanding the working range of the monitoring mechanism 4 itself.

[0051] From the appendix Figure 6 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating assembly 52 in this embodiment. The reciprocating assembly 52 includes a connecting column 521, a meshing gear 522, a sector tooth block 523, a main gear 524, and a drive motor 525. The connecting column 521 is symmetrically rotatably installed inside the protective chamber 51. The meshing gear 522 is fixedly installed outside the connecting column 521 and meshes with each other. The sector tooth block 523 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting column 521. The main gear 524 is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating connecting rod 53 and meshes with the sector tooth block 523. The drive motor 525 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the protective chamber 51, and the output end of the drive motor 525 is fixedly connected to the end of one set of connecting columns 521.

[0052] During use, the start of the drive motor 525 drives one of the connecting columns 521 to rotate. By utilizing the meshing between the two sets of meshing gears 522, the two sets of connecting columns 521 will rotate in different directions, causing the two sets of sector-shaped tooth blocks 523 to mesh with the main gear 524 in turn. Due to the different rotation directions of the two sets of sector-shaped tooth blocks 523 and the difference in the distribution of the tooth blocks themselves, the main gear 524 will operate in a reciprocating 180° rotation manner, thereby causing the overall angle of the monitoring mechanism 4 to change through the rotation of the connecting rod 53 and the connecting frame 54.

[0053] From the appendix Figure 7 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the defogging mechanism 6 in this embodiment. The defogging mechanism 6 includes a hot air blower assembly 61, a conveying pipe 62 and an air outlet 63. The hot air blower assembly 61 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the aircraft body 1, and the air outlet 63 is fixedly installed on the side of the monitoring mechanism 4. A conveying pipe 62 is fixedly installed between the air outlet 63 and the hot air blower assembly 61.

[0054] During use, the main body of the aircraft 1 will fly over the area to be detected. As the overall altitude changes, the outer surface of the monitoring component 44 will be covered with a layer of water mist due to the water vapor in the air. At this time, the hot air component 61 generates hot air at a certain temperature through its use and operation. Then, with the cooperation and delivery of the delivery pipe 62, the air outlet 63 is directed to the lens surface of the monitoring component 44 to clean the water vapor attached to the surface of the monitoring component 44, thereby ensuring the stability of the monitoring component 44 during operation.

[0055] From the appendix Figure 8 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the air outlet 63 in this embodiment. The air outlet 63 includes a guide plate 631, an additional side plate 632, and an installation component 633. The additional side plate 632 is fixedly installed on the side of the monitoring mechanism 4. The installation component 633 is disposed at the end of the additional side plate 632. The guide plate 631 is fixedly installed on the side of the additional side plate 632 through the installation component 633.

[0056] In use, with the addition of side plate 632, the entire air outlet 63 component is installed on one side of the top of the monitoring mechanism 4. Then, with the use of mounting component 633, the angle of guide plate 631 is adjusted so that the output port of guide plate 631 is aligned with the lens surface of monitoring component 44. Then, with the use of guide plate 631, hot air is sprayed out to treat the water mist adhering to the lens surface of monitoring component 44.

[0057] From the appendix Figure 8 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting component 633 in this embodiment. The mounting component 633 consists of a threaded rod and a nut. The threaded rod passes through both the guide plate 631 and the side plate 632. The nut is threaded onto the end of the threaded rod.

[0058] In use, the guide plate 631 is installed at the side opening of the side plate 632, and then the threaded rod is passed through both the guide plate 631 and the side plate 632. At this time, the nut is rotated along the external thread of the threaded rod. As the position of the nut changes, the protruding end of the side plate 632 shifts towards the middle, thus fixing the position and angle of the guide plate 631.

[0059] From the appendix Figure 9 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism 7 in this embodiment. The drone detection method based on ecological restoration technology also includes the spraying mechanism 7. The spraying mechanism 7 includes a conveying component 71, a rotating frame 72 and a spraying end 73. The conveying component 71 is fixedly installed on the side of the aircraft body 1, the rotating frame 72 is set at the bottom of the aircraft body 1, and the spraying end 73 is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating frame 72.

[0060] During use, the pump installed inside the conveying component 71 sprays the stored material through the spraying end 73. Using the spraying end 73, based on the results of the detection data analysis and the differences in terrain, the corresponding dosage of irrigation is applied to the vegetation in different areas to assist the vegetation in the area to grow and complete the ecological restoration of the area.

[0061] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted herein.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, before ecological restoration, through large-scale investigation by unmanned aerial vehicle, select some core areas or areas worth attention to carry out field investigation, evaluate the environmental elements, and select the original ecological system in the stable stage as the reference ecological system to assist in establishing the ecological restoration strategy; S2, during the ecological restoration, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for irregular regional monitoring, and the environmental data obtained by monitoring and the growth data of the planted plants are used to accurately judge the current regional restoration situation, timely find out the problems in the current region, and solve the problems in time; S3, in the later period of ecological restoration, the growth of the planted plants and the restoration situation in the region are observed by the unmanned aerial vehicle to assist in judging the restoration effect; S4, a complete database is constructed by detecting the environmental data and plant growth data of the region to construct a complete database; The unmanned aerial vehicle used in steps S1 and S2 comprises a flying vehicle body (1), a landing support (2) and a wing assembly (3), a plurality of wing assemblies (3) are fixedly installed on the side of the flying vehicle body (1), the landing support (2) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the bottom end of the flying vehicle body (1), the bottom end of the flying vehicle body (1) is provided with a monitoring mechanism (4) for detecting the terrain and the planting situation of plants, the monitoring mechanism (4) is provided with a monitoring assembly (44) for automatically taking pictures of the current region and detecting the growth of plants, the monitoring assembly (44) is used to timely reflect the restoration situation of the current region, the top end of the monitoring mechanism (4) is fixedly installed with a swinging mechanism (5) for adjusting the angle of the monitoring mechanism (4) itself, one side of the bottom end of the flying vehicle body (1) is provided with a demisting mechanism (6), and the side of the flying vehicle body (1) is provided with a spraying mechanism (7); The swinging mechanism (5) comprises a protection bin (51), a reciprocating assembly (52), a rotating connecting rod (53) and a connecting frame (54), the protection bin (51) is fixedly installed below the flying vehicle body (1), the reciprocating assembly (52) is fixedly installed in the protection bin (51), the rotating connecting rod (53) is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the reciprocating assembly (52), and the connecting frame (54) is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating connecting rod (53), and the connecting frame (54) is fixedly connected with the monitoring mechanism (4); The reciprocating assembly (52) comprises a connecting rotating column (521), a meshing gear (522), a sector tooth block (523), a main gear (524) and a driving motor (525), the connecting rotating column (521) is rotatably installed in the protection bin (51), the meshing gears (522) are fixedly installed outside the connecting rotating column (521), the meshing gears (522) are meshed with each other, the sector tooth block (523) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting rotating column (521), the main gear (524) is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating connecting rod (53), the main gear (524) is meshed and connected with the sector tooth block (523), and the driving motor (525) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the protection bin (51). 2.The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology of claim 1, wherein: The monitoring mechanism (4) comprises a protective frame (41), a support frame (42), an upper limiting frame (43) and a monitoring assembly (44), the protective frame (41) is arranged at the bottom end of the aircraft body (1), the support frame (42) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the protective frame (41), the upper limiting frame (43) is fixedly installed at the top end of the protective frame (41), the protective frame (41), the support frame (42) and the upper limiting frame (43) form a semi-closed shell with a side opening, and the monitoring assembly (44) is arranged in the shell. 3.The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology of claim 2, wherein: The monitoring assembly (44) comprises a controller (441), a detection camera module (442) and a laser radar module (443), the detection camera module (442) shoots pictures of the topography, landform and plant growth conditions of the current area, and the laser radar module (443) inputs the detected geological and topographical data into the controller (441).

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defogging mechanism (6) comprises a hot air blower assembly (61), a conveying pipe (62) and an air outlet (63), the hot air blower assembly (61) is fixedly installed at one side of the bottom end of the aircraft body (1), the air outlet (63) is fixedly installed at the side of the monitoring mechanism (4), and the conveying pipe (62) is fixedly installed between the air outlet (63) and the hot air blower assembly (61).

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air outlet (63) comprises a guide plate (631), an additional side plate (632) and a mounting assembly (633), the additional side plate (632) is fixedly installed at the side of the monitoring mechanism (4), the mounting assembly (633) is arranged at the end of the additional side plate (632), and the guide plate (631) is fixedly installed at the side of the additional side plate (632) through the mounting assembly (633). 6.The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology of claim 5, wherein: The mounting assembly (633) comprises a threaded rod and a nut, the threaded rod penetrates the guide plate (631) and the additional side plate (632) at the same time, and the nut is threadedly installed at the end of the threaded rod. 7.The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on ecological restoration technology of claim 1, wherein: The unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on the ecological restoration technology further comprises a spraying mechanism (7), the spraying mechanism (7) comprises a conveying assembly (71), a rotating frame (72) and a spraying end (73), the conveying assembly (71) is fixedly installed at the side of the aircraft body (1), the rotating frame (72) is arranged at the bottom end of the aircraft body (1), and the spraying end (73) is fixedly installed at the side of the rotating frame (72).

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