An online monitoring device for glacial-lake debris flow

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and particularly relates to an on-line monitoring device for glacier ice lake type debris flow, which comprises a column and a base connected to the bottom of the column; a chute with an opening on one side is arranged in the column along the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the chute, a cross bar is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the cross bar; a sleeve is inserted into the cross bar, and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve to translate horizontally is arranged in the cross bar; a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the end of the sleeve far away from the translation mechanism, and a first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; a first sealed cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve. When the water level of the water flow in the gully rises, the device can timely protect and reinforce the device body, and at the same time, when the debris flow occurs, the impact force of the debris flow on the device can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the monitoring device. In addition, the device can also monitor the rainfall amount in real time through the water discharge frequency of the water collecting cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring. Specifically, it relates to an online monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake debris flow. Background Art

[0002] Glacier-ice-lake debris flow is a special geomorphic landscape containing a large amount of sediment and stones formed by the erosion of snow and ice melt water or glacial lake outburst floods. Compared with rainstorm debris flow, this kind of debris flow has obvious different characteristics. First of all, it has a larger scale and can carry more sediment and stones. Secondly, the flow time of glacier-ice-lake debris flow is also longer because they usually occur on large bedrock mounds where glaciers flow. When the ice layer fails to completely cover the mound, the ice flow abrades the ice-facing slope and both sides, and moraine deposits accumulate at the tail of the ice-back surface, forming a relatively large-scale debris flow. In addition, this kind of debris flow mostly occurs in summer and autumn seasons when temperature increases and melt water is concentrated, and it can occur on sunny, cloudy, rainy days, showing the diversity of its occurrence conditions.

[0003] In the prior art, for the monitoring of debris flow, the monitoring devices are all for rainstorm debris flow. For example, the debris flow real-time monitoring device disclosed in the Chinese invention patent (CN116754009A) sets a turntable, and connecting rods are arranged at equal arc length distances on the rotating surface of the turntable. The end of the connecting rod far away from the turntable is fixedly installed with a rotating blade. When debris flow occurs, the rotating blade is pushed to rotate around the turntable by the flow of debris flow, and a speed sensor monitors the rotating speed of the turntable to calculate the flow velocity of the debris flow. At the same time, a rain gauge is also set to detect the rainfall in real time to predict debris flow in advance.

[0004] However, for glacier-ice-lake debris flow, hydrothermal conditions are the triggering factors of glacier debris flow, which are divided into two aspects: temperature and precipitation. The influence of temperature is a concept on a long time scale, which affects the evolution of glaciers; while the influence of precipitation is a concept on a short time scale, and there is a certain lag in the response of glacier debris flow to hydrothermal conditions. When the temperature rises, the glacier-ice lake melts, and the water level in the gully will rise. Therefore, to predict this type of debris flow in advance, simply setting a rain gauge cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, for the triggering factor of temperature of glacier-ice-lake debris flow, the applicant proposes a monitoring device that can directly monitor the flow velocity of the gully water and the water level height to predict the occurrence of debris flow in advance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake debris flow. When the water level in the gully rises, the device can timely protect and reinforce the device body, and at the same time, when debris flow occurs, it can reduce the impact force of debris flow on the device, improving the safety of the monitoring device. In addition, the device can also monitor the rainfall in real time through the water discharge frequency of the water collecting cylinder.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows. An on-line monitoring device for glacial ice-lake debris flow includes a column and a base connected to the bottom of the column. A chute with an opening on one side is formed in the column along the height direction. A lifting mechanism is arranged in the chute, and a cross bar is sleeved on the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar. A sleeve is inserted into the cross bar, and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve to translate horizontally is arranged in the cross bar. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the end of the sleeve away from the translation mechanism. A first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. A first sealing cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve, and the pressurizing end of the pressurizing mechanism is located in the first sealing cylinder. The end of the rotating shaft away from the sleeve is rotatably installed with a second rotating mechanism.

[0007] Both the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism include a turntable, multiple connecting rods and multiple rotating blades. The ends of the multiple connecting rods are fixedly installed along the side surface of the turntable and arranged at equal arc lengths. The ends of the multiple connecting rods away from the turntable are respectively fixedly connected to the multiple rotating blades. The length of the connecting rods of the first rotating mechanism is less than that of the connecting rods of the second rotating mechanism.

[0008] The on-line monitoring device further includes two groups of stabilizing mechanisms. The stabilizing mechanism includes a fixed baffle, an air bag, a diversion plate and multiple supporting units. The fixed baffles of the two stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base and are distributed in a "human" shape. The air bag is arranged between the diversion plate and the fixed baffle. Multiple supporting units are fixedly installed around the base. The air inlet end of the supporting unit is connected to the air bag, and the air flow flowing out of the air bag is used to drive the supporting unit to reinforce the base. A first air leakage hole connected to the air bag is formed in the fixed baffle, and a one-way valve is also arranged in the first air leakage hole.

[0009] An air inlet pipe and an injection pipe are fixedly installed at the end of the first sealing cylinder. One-way valves are installed in both the air inlet pipe and the injection pipe. The end of the injection pipe away from the first sealing cylinder is simultaneously connected to the two air bags.

[0010] A rainfall monitoring mechanism is also arranged on the on-line monitoring device. The rainfall monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the rainfall in real time.

[0011] Further, the pressurizing mechanism includes a semi-gear, a reciprocating ring and a piston. The semi-gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. The top and bottom of the reciprocating ring are both tooth surfaces. When the semi-gear rotates, it can alternately engage with the two tooth surfaces. A piston is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring, and the piston slides sealingly in the first sealing cylinder.

[0012] Further, the supporting unit includes a connecting pipe, a second sealing cylinder, a push rod, a first spring and a reinforcing plate. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively fixedly connected to the air bag and the second sealing cylinder. One end of the push rod is located in the second sealing cylinder and is in sealing sliding contact. The other end of the push rod is located outside the second sealing cylinder and is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate. The first spring is located in the second sealing cylinder, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the push rod and the end of the second sealing cylinder.

[0013] Further, fixing rings are provided around the base, and the sealing cylinders II of multiple support units are fixedly installed on the fixing rings.

[0014] Further, the one-way valve includes a support frame, a limiting ring, a spring III, and a sealing baffle; both ends of the spring III are fixedly connected to the sealing baffle and the support frame respectively; the sealing baffle is in contact with the limiting ring.

[0015] Further, the lifting mechanism and the translational mechanism have the same structure, including a servo motor and a threaded rod. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod. The cross bar is sleeved on the threaded rod of the lifting mechanism, and the sleeve is sleeved on the threaded rod of the translational mechanism.

[0016] Further, the rainfall monitoring mechanism includes a water collecting cylinder, a floating ball, multiple U-shaped rods, a limiting cylinder, and two water discharging units; the water discharging units are installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder. The limiting cylinder is sleeved on the water discharging unit. The floating ball is located inside the water collecting cylinder, and the top of the floating ball is connected to the top of the limiting cylinder through the U-shaped rod; when the limiting cylinder is in contact with the water discharging unit, the water discharging unit is in the closed state, and vice versa; a support rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder.

[0017] Further, the water discharging unit includes a sealing cylinder III, a transmission rod, a support roller, a spring II, and a movable plate; the sealing cylinder III is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water collecting cylinder. The movable plate slides inside the sealing cylinder III. The movable plates of the two water discharging units can be in contact. The end of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the transmission rod. The end of the transmission rod away from the movable plate passes through the sealing cylinder III and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the support roller. The spring II is sleeved on the transmission rod, and both ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder III and the support plate of the support roller respectively; a second air vent hole is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder III, and the second air vent hole is communicated with the inside of the sealing cylinder III when the two movable plates are in contact; a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder is also provided on the sealing cylinder.

[0018] Further, the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing pipe and a pressurizing pump. The pressurizing pipe is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder III, and the other end of the pressurizing pipe is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump. The pressurizing pump is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the water collecting cylinder.

[0019] Further, it also includes a guide rod and a connecting frame. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the guide rod. The connecting frame is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the water collecting cylinder. The floating ball is sleeved on the guide rod.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Set up the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism. The connecting rod of the first rotating mechanism is shorter than that of the second transmission mechanism. At the same time, both the pressurizing mechanism and the first rotating mechanism are installed on the rotating shaft. Under the normal water level height of the gully water flow, only the second rotating mechanism can be driven to rotate. When the water flow height rises, the first rotating mechanism can rotate. In this way, not only can the occurrence of debris flow be predicted by measuring the change in the water flow level, but also the power of the first rotating mechanism can be used to drive the pressurizing mechanism to pressurize and reinforce the airbag and the support unit, enhancing the protection effect of the monitoring equipment. In addition, the flow velocity of the gully water flow can be monitored in real time through the two groups of rotating mechanisms, providing more parameters for debris flow prediction;

[0022] 2. Arrange the two fixed baffles in a "human" shape, which can divert and decompress the debris flow impacting from the front, improving the protection effect. In addition, an airbag is arranged between the fixed baffle and the diversion plate. The airbag is internally connected to the second sealed cylinder through a connecting pipe. In this way, under the impact of the debris flow, the gas in the airbag will rush into the second sealed cylinder. In this way, not only the buffering effect is achieved through the airbag, but also the reinforcing plate of the support unit uses the internal gas to reinforce and support the equipment body;

[0023] 3. Set up a movable plate in the third sealed cylinder. The movable plate is connected to the support roller through a transmission rod. The support roller is limited by the limiting cylinder. A second spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixed to the support roller and the outer wall of the third sealed cylinder. At the same time, the floating ball is connected to the limiting cylinder through a U-shaped rod. In this way, when the water level in the water collecting cylinder rises, the floating ball floats upward along the water level line. The limiting cylinder is lifted upward through the U-shaped rod. When the limiting cylinder is separated from the support roller, the movable plate moves to both sides under the action of the second spring, thereby releasing the rainwater in the water collecting cylinder. The staff can calculate the amount of rainfall by collecting the time duration from the closing to the opening of the movable plate;

[0024] 4. Set up a guide rod in the water collecting cylinder, and the floating ball is sleeved on the guide rod. In this way, when the water level in the water collecting cylinder rises, the floating ball can move stably along the direction of the guide rod, improving the accuracy and stability of the rainfall monitoring mechanism. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-line monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake type debris flow provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a connection relationship diagram between the pressurizing mechanism and the first sealed cylinder provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A in

[0028] Figure 4 is the top view of the stabilization mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the rainfall monitoring mechanism provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the initial state;

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view of part A in

[0031] Figure 7 is Figure 5 the sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0032] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the rainfall monitoring mechanism provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the open state of the movable plate after the water level rises;

[0033] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of an on-line monitoring device for glacial ice lake type debris flow provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals involved in the above-mentioned drawings:

[0035] 1, column; 2, threaded rod; 3, cross bar; 4, air injection pipe; 5, airbag; 6, diversion plate; 7, fixed baffle; 8, fixed ring; 9, base; 10, reinforcement plate; 11, second sealed cylinder; 12, reciprocating ring; 13, semi-gear; 14, turntable; 15, connecting rod; 16, rotating blade; 17, first sealed cylinder; 18, rotating shaft; 19, sleeve; 20, camera; 21, water collecting cylinder; 22, chute; 23, servo motor; 24, intake pipe; 25, piston; 26, connecting pipe; 27, push rod; 28, first air vent; 29, third spring; 30, sealed baffle; 31, limit ring; 32, support frame; 33, U-shaped rod; 34, limit cylinder; 35, support rod; 36, movable plate; 37, floating ball; 38, third sealed cylinder; 39, transmission rod; 40, pressure pipe; 41, pressure pump; 42, guide rod; 43, connecting frame; 44, support roller; 45, second spring; 46, second air vent; 47, first spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0037] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0038] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation of this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1-8 as shown, it is a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1: An on-line monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake type debris flow, as Figure 1 shown, includes a column 1 and a base 9 connected to the bottom of the column 1; a chute 22 with an opening on one side is formed in the column 1 along the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the chute 22, a cross bar 3 is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar 3; the interior of the cross bar 3 is hollow and the right end is open, a sleeve 19 is inserted into the cross bar 3, and a translational mechanism for driving the sleeve 19 to translate horizontally is installed in the cross bar 3; in this embodiment, the structures of the lifting mechanism and the translational mechanism are the same, and both are composed of a servo motor 23 and a threaded rod 2. The output end of the servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod 2. In the lifting mechanism, the servo motor 23 is fixedly installed at the top of the chute 22, and the other end of the threaded rod 2 is connected to the bottom of the chute 22 by means of a bearing. The cross bar 3 is sleeved on the threaded rod 2. In this way, when the threaded rod 2 rotates, the height of the cross bar 3 can be adjusted; in the translational mechanism, the servo motor 23 is fixedly installed inside the cross bar 3, and the sleeve 19 is directly sleeved on the threaded section of the threaded rod 2. In this way, when the threaded rod 2 rotates, the sleeve 19 can be driven to extend outwards or contract inwards. One end of the sleeve 19 far from the translational mechanism is connected to a rotating shaft 18, and the rotating shaft 18 is connected to the sleeve 19 by means of a bearing. A first rotating mechanism and a pressing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 18; a sealing cylinder 17 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve 19, and the pressing end of the pressing mechanism is located inside the sealing cylinder 17; the end of the rotating shaft 18 far from the sleeve 19 is rotatably installed with a second rotating mechanism;

[0041] The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism have the same structure, as Figure 1As shown, it specifically includes a turntable 14, 8 connecting rods 15, and 8 rotating blades 16; the ends of the 8 connecting rods 15 are all fixedly installed along the side surface of the turntable 14 and are arranged at equal arc lengths; the ends of the 8 connecting rods 15 far from the turntable 14 are fixedly connected to multiple rotating blades 16 respectively, and the length of the connecting rod 15 of the first rotating mechanism is less than the length of the connecting rod 15 of the second rotating mechanism; the way to judge whether the water level of the flowing water in the water channel rises through the two rotating mechanisms is that in the normal state, the height of the cross bar 3 is adjusted by the servo motor 23 so that the rotating blade 16 of the second rotating mechanism is just below the water level line, so that the second rotating mechanism can be driven to rotate when the water flows. In this embodiment, in order to measure the flow rate, a speed sensor can be set in the rotating shaft 18, and the speed sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the turntable 14, and the water flow rate can be obtained through the rotation speed and the length of the connecting rod 15. Under normal conditions, the first rotating mechanism is not in contact with the water flow. If a large area of the upstream glacier ice lake melts, such as when the temperature rises, the water flow in the water channel will become larger and the water level will become higher. At this time, if the water flow impacts the first rotating mechanism and causes the first rotating mechanism to start rotating, plus the weather is sunny, it can be judged that a large amount of melting has started in the upstream glacier ice lake.

[0042] To improve the safety of the monitoring equipment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the on-line monitoring equipment of this embodiment further includes 2 groups of stabilizing mechanisms; the stabilizing mechanism includes a fixed baffle 7, an airbag 5, a deflector 6, and 2 support units; the fixed baffles 7 of the 2 stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base 9 and are distributed in a "human" shape. It should be noted that when installing this detection equipment, the contact ends of the two fixed baffles 7 need to face the upstream of the gully. Referring to Figure 4 , the airbag 5 is arranged between the deflector 6 and the fixed baffle 7 and is connected to them at the same time. 4 support units are fixedly installed around the base 9, and the air inlet ends of the support units are connected to the airbag 5. The air flow flowing out of the airbag 5 is used to drive the support units to reinforce the base 9; a first air vent 28 connected to the airbag 5 is opened on the fixed baffle 7, and a one-way valve is installed in the first air vent 28; it should be noted that the base 9 of this detection equipment is installed in the same way as a conventional monitoring equipment, which is directly fixed on the ground on one side of the gully, and the fixed baffle 7 of this embodiment is also fixedly installed on the ground.

[0043] In this embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the support unit includes a connecting pipe 26, a second sealing cylinder 11, a push rod 27, a first spring 47 and a reinforcing plate 10; both ends of the connecting pipe 26 are fixedly connected to the airbag 5 and the second sealing cylinder 11 respectively, one end of the push rod 27 is located inside the second sealing cylinder 11 and is in sealed sliding contact, and the other end of the push rod 27 is located outside the second sealing cylinder 11 and is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate 10; the first spring 47 is located inside the second sealing cylinder 11, and both ends are fixedly connected to the push rod 27 and the end of the second sealing cylinder 11 respectively. When a debris flow occurs, the debris flow impacts the diversion plate 6, and the diversion plate 6 squeezes the airbag 5 so that a part of the gas in the airbag 5 enters into the second sealing cylinder 11 and pushes the push rod 27 and the reinforcing plate 10 to move forward. The reinforcing plate 10 will be in close contact with the base 9, so that the impact force of the debris flow can be directly used to stabilize the detection device, further improving the safety and stability of the device. During specific installation, fixing rings 8 are fixedly installed around the base 9, the fixing rings 8 are fixedly installed on the ground, and the second sealing cylinders 11 of the 4 support units are all fixedly installed on the fixing rings 8.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, an air inlet pipe 24 and an injection pipe 4 are fixedly installed at the end of the first sealing cylinder 17. Check valves are installed in both the air inlet pipe 24 and the injection pipe 4. The end of the injection pipe 4 away from the first sealing cylinder 17 is connected to the two airbags 5 at the same time. The check valve in the air inlet pipe 24 only allows external gas to flow into the first sealing cylinder 17 unidirectionally, while the check valve in the injection pipe 4 allows the gas in the first sealing cylinder 17 to flow into the airbag 5 unidirectionally. In this way, when pumping air, the air flow enters into the first sealing cylinder 17 through the air inlet pipe 24, and when exhausting air, due to the function of the check valve, the air flow is discharged into the airbag 5 through the injection pipe 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the check valve is as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it specifically includes a support frame 32, a limit ring 31, a third spring 29, and a sealing baffle 30. The two ends of the third spring 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing baffle 30 and the support frame 32. The sealing baffle 30 is in contact with the limit ring 31. It should be noted that the elastic coefficient of the third spring 29 of the one-way valve in the injection pipe 4 is less than the elastic coefficient of the first spring 47 in the second sealing cylinder 11, and the elastic coefficient of the first spring 47 in the second sealing cylinder 11 is less than the elastic coefficient of the third spring 29 in the first vent hole 28. In this way, when air flows into the airbag 5 and the airbag 5 reaches a certain expansion amount, it will preferentially enter the second sealing cylinder 11. At this time, some reinforcing plates 10 will push forward to support and reinforce the base 9. Especially when a debris flow impacts the diversion plate 6, the airbag 5 is squeezed, and the air flow in the airbag 5 also preferentially enters the second sealing cylinder 11. If the reinforcing plate 10 has already contacted the base 9, the squeezed part of the gas will then be discharged from the one-way valve of the first vent hole 28. By adopting the one-way valve of this embodiment, it not only has the function of one-way diversion but also can achieve the effect of pressure relief, avoiding the airbag 5 from being squeezed and ruptured.

[0046] In this embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism serves to convert the water flow impact force into elastic potential energy and store it in the airbag 5. The specific structure of the pressurizing mechanism is as Figure 2 shown, and it includes a semi-gear 13, a reciprocating ring 12, and a piston 25. The semi-gear 13 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 18. The top and bottom of the reciprocating ring 12 are tooth surfaces, and when the semi-gear 13 rotates, it can alternately engage with the two tooth surfaces. A piston 25 is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring 12, and the piston 25 slides sealingly along the inside of the first sealing cylinder 17. After the semi-gear 13 engages with a section of the tooth surface in the reciprocating ring 12, it will immediately engage with the other section of the tooth surface. In this way, when the semi-gear 13 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 18, the reciprocating ring 12 can achieve left and right reciprocating translation. When moving to the left, the piston 25 discharges the gas in the first sealing cylinder 17 into the airbag 5 through the injection pipe 4. When moving to the right, the piston 25 creates a negative pressure in the first sealing cylinder 17, allowing external air flow to enter the first sealing cylinder 17. In this way, as long as the rotating shaft 18 is rotating, air can be continuously pumped into the airbag 5.

[0047] In this embodiment, by setting two rotating mechanisms, it is mainly designed according to the characteristics of glacial ice lake type debris flows. Even without rainfall, once the water level in the gully rises, debris flows are very likely to occur. Therefore, as long as the first rotating mechanism rotates, it can remind the staff of the risk of debris flow occurrence.

[0048] Embodiment 2: An on-line monitoring device for glacial ice lake type debris flows. Since glacial ice lakes are also prone to debris flows under rainfall conditions, the monitoring device of this embodiment also fixedly installs a rainfall monitoring mechanism on the cross bar 3. Specifically, as Figures 5-8As shown in the figure. Specifically, it includes a water collecting cylinder 21, a floating ball 37, two U-shaped rods 33, a limiting cylinder 34, and two water discharging units; the water discharging units are installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21 to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21, the limiting cylinder 34 is sleeved on the water discharging units, the floating ball 37 is located inside the water collecting cylinder 21, and the top of the floating ball 37 is connected to the top of the limiting cylinder 34 through the U-shaped rod 33; when the limiting cylinder 34 contacts the water discharging unit, the water discharging unit is in the closed state, otherwise it is open; a support rod 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21, and the support rod 35 is used to support the entire rainfall monitoring mechanism, and the support rod 35 is installed on the cross bar 3; in this embodiment, for the stability of the device, a guide rod 42 is also arranged in the water collecting cylinder 21, and a connecting frame 43 is installed on the side wall of the top of the guide rod 42, as Figure 7 shown. The connecting frame 43 fixes the guide rod 42, and the floating ball 37 is sleeved on the guide rod 42. In this way, when the water level rises, the floating ball 37 will move along the direction of the guide rod 42.

[0049] As Figure 6 shown, the water discharging unit includes a sealing cylinder three 38, a transmission rod 39, a support roller 44, a spring two 45, and a movable plate 36; the sealing cylinder three 38 is fixedly installed on the side wall at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21, the movable plate 36 is hermetically slidable inside the sealing cylinder three 38, and the movable plates 36 of the two water discharging units are in contact to close. The end of the movable plate 36 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 39, and the end of the transmission rod 39 away from the movable plate 36 passes through the sealing cylinder three 38 and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the support roller 44. The spring two 45 is sleeved on the transmission rod 39, and both ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder three 38 and the support plate of the support roller 44 respectively; a second air vent 46 is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder three 38, and the second air vent 46 is communicated with the inside of the sealing cylinder three 38 when the two movable plates 36 are in contact; a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder is also provided on the sealing cylinder.

[0050] As Figure 5 shown, the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing pipe 40 and a pressurizing pump 41. The pressurizing pipe 40 is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder three 38, and the other end of the pressurizing pipe 40 is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump 41. The pressurizing pump 41 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the water collecting cylinder 21.

[0051] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor (not marked in the figure) is also arranged on the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder three 38, and the sensing end of the pressure sensor is connected to the spring two 45. In this way, the amount of rainfall is determined by judging the pressure change of the pressure sensor.

[0052] The specific working principle is as follows: During rainfall, the liquid level in the water collection cylinder 21 rises, and the floating ball 37 moves upward under the action of buoyancy. At this time, it will drive the U-shaped rod 33 and the limit cylinder 34 to move upward synchronously. At this time, the second spring 45 is in a compressed state, and the elastic force sensed by the pressure sensor is at a relatively large value. When the limit cylinder 34 separates from the support roller 44, under the elastic force of the second spring 45, the support roller 44, the transmission rod 39, and the movable plate 36 move to both sides. At this time, all the rainwater in the water collection cylinder 21 flows out; the staff only needs to know the time period between the two elastic force changes of the second spring 45 from being squeezed to being finally released to calculate the average rainfall. After all the water is drained, the pressure pump 41 pressurizes and injects air into the pressure pipe 40, so that the two movable plates 36 are in contact. At this time, since the liquid level in the water collection cylinder 21 is the lowest, at this time, the limit cylinder 34, the U-shaped rod 33, and the floating ball 37 will all fall, and finally the limit cylinder 34 will be in contact with the support roller 44 again by extrusion, so as to monitor the rainfall size in real time.

[0053] Embodiment 3: An on-line monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake type debris flow. Since a large amount of dust will fall on the camera 20 during debris flow, in this embodiment, the collected rainwater is directly used to clean the lens of the camera 20, as Figure 9 shown. The difference from Embodiment 2 is that the entire rainfall monitoring mechanism is arranged directly above the camera 20. In this way, when the movable plate 36 is opened, the rainwater can directly clean the lens position of the camera 20, and at the same time, it can also block the non-lens position of the camera 20 to avoid affecting the shooting of the camera 20 when the rainfall is large.

[0054] It should be noted that the monitoring device in this embodiment can be powered by a conventional external power supply or a solar panel for components such as the pressure pump 41.

[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring device for glacier-ice lake debris flow, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a column (1) and a base (9) connected to the bottom of the column (1); a slide groove (22) with one side opening is opened in the column (1) along the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the slide groove (22), a cross bar (3) is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar (3); a sleeve (19) is inserted in the cross bar (3), and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve (19) to translate in the horizontal direction is arranged in the cross bar (3); a rotating shaft (18) is rotatably arranged at the end of the sleeve (19) away from the translation mechanism, and a first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (18); a sealing cylinder (17) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve (19), and the pressurizing end of the pressurizing mechanism is located in the sealing cylinder (17); a second rotating mechanism is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating shaft (18) away from the sleeve (19); The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism both comprise a rotating disk (14), a plurality of connecting rods (15) and a plurality of rotating blades (16); the ends of the plurality of connecting rods (15) are fixedly installed along the side of the rotating disk (14) and are arranged with equal arc lengths; the ends of the plurality of connecting rods (15) away from the rotating disk (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating blades (16), and the length of the connecting rod (15) of the first rotating mechanism is less than the length of the connecting rod (15) of the second rotating mechanism; The online monitoring device also includes two groups of stabilizing mechanisms; the stabilizing mechanisms include a fixed baffle (7), an airbag (5), a guide plate (6) and a plurality of support units; the fixed baffles (7) of the two stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base (9) and are distributed in a "human" shape, and the airbag (5) is arranged between the guide plate (6) and the fixed baffle (7); the plurality of support units are fixedly installed around the base (9), the air inlet end of the support unit is connected to the airbag (5), and the airflow flowing out of the airbag (5) drives the support unit to reinforce the base (9); the fixed baffle (7) is provided with an air leakage hole (28) connected to the airbag (5), and a one-way valve is also arranged in the air leakage hole (28); An air intake pipe (24) and an air injection pipe (4) are fixedly installed at the end of the sealing cylinder body (17), and a one-way valve is installed in the air intake pipe (24) and the air injection pipe (4). The end of the air injection pipe (4) away from the sealing cylinder body (17) is connected to two air bags (5) at the same time; The online monitoring device is also provided with a rainfall monitoring mechanism, which is used to monitor the rainfall in real time.

2. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism comprises a half gear (13), a reciprocating ring (12) and a piston (25); the half gear (13) is fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft (18), the top and bottom of the reciprocating ring (12) are both tooth surfaces, and the half gear (13) can alternately mesh with the two tooth surfaces when rotating; a piston (25) is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring (12), and the piston (25) slides along the inner seal of a sealing cylinder (17).

3. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support unit comprises a connecting tube (26), a second sealing cylinder (11), a push rod (27), a spring (47) and a reinforcing plate (10); the two ends of the connecting tube (26) are respectively fixedly connected to the airbag (5) and the second sealing cylinder (11); one end of the push rod (27) is located inside the second sealing cylinder (11) and is in sealing sliding contact; the other end of the push rod (27) is located outside the second sealing cylinder (11) and is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate (10); the spring (47) is located inside the second sealing cylinder (11), and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the push rod (27) and the end of the second sealing cylinder (11).

4. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A fixing ring (8) is arranged around the base (9), and the sealing cylinder bodies (11) of the plurality of supporting units are all fixedly mounted on the fixing ring (8).

5. The online monitoring device for glacier-glacial lake debris flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The one-way valve comprises a support frame (32), a limiting ring (31), a spring three (29) and a sealing baffle (30); the two ends of the spring three (29) are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing baffle (30) and the support frame (32); and the sealing baffle (30) is in contact with the limiting ring (31).

6. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism and the translation mechanism have the same structure, comprising a servo motor (23) and a threaded rod (2), wherein the output end of the servo motor (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod (2), the cross bar (3) is sleeved on the threaded rod (2) of the lifting mechanism, and the sleeve (19) is sleeved on the threaded rod (2) of the translation mechanism.

7. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall monitoring mechanism comprises a water collecting cylinder (21), a floating ball (37), a plurality of U-shaped rods (33), a limiting cylinder (34) and two water discharge units; the water discharge unit is installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21) to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21); the limiting cylinder (34) is sleeved on the water discharge unit; the floating ball (37) is located in the water collecting cylinder (21); the top of the floating ball (37) is connected to the top of the limiting cylinder (34) via the U-shaped rod (33); when the limiting cylinder (34) contacts the water discharge unit, the water discharge unit is in a closed state, otherwise it is opened; a support rod (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21).

8. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water discharge unit comprises a sealing cylinder body (38), a transmission rod (39), a supporting roller (44), a spring (45) and a movable plate (36); the sealing cylinder body (38) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the water collecting cylinder (21); the movable plate (36) is located in the sealing cylinder body (38) and slides; the movable plates (36) of the two water discharge units can touch each other; the end of the movable plate (36) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (39); the end of the transmission rod (39) away from the movable plate (36) passes through the sealing cylinder body (38); ) and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the support roller (44); the second spring (45) is sleeved on the transmission rod (39), and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cylinder body (38) and the support plate of the support roller (44); a second air leakage hole (46) is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder body (38), and the second air leakage hole (46) is connected to the inside of the sealing cylinder body (38) when the two movable plates (36) are in contact; and a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder body (38) is also provided on the sealing cylinder body (38).

9. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressurizing device comprises a pressurizing pipe (40) and a pressurizing pump (41). The pressurizing pipe (40) is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder body (38), and the other end of the pressurizing pipe (40) is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump (41). The pressurizing pump (41) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collecting cylinder (21).

10. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a guide rod (42) and a connecting frame (43), wherein the connecting frame (43) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (42), the connecting frame (43) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the water collecting cylinder (21), and the floating ball (37) is sleeved on the guide rod (42).

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