Electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an electronic device, and relates to the technical field of communication. The electronic device comprises an antenna structure arranged at the frame of the electronic device, and the antenna structure comprises: a first antenna branch; a second antenna branch; and a third antenna branch. The second end of the first antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch, and a first discontinuity is formed. The second end of the second antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch, and a second discontinuity is formed. The first end of the first antenna branch is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch is grounded. The first position on the first antenna branch is grounded through a first tuning matching and a feed source in series. The first end of the second antenna branch is connected to a first device and then grounded. The first end of the third antenna branch is connected to a second device and then grounded. Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna branch is connected to a second tuning matching circuit and then grounded. The second end of the second antenna branch is grounded through a third device and a feed source in series.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are an important component of mobile phones and other terminal electronic devices, used to achieve communication functions. Furthermore, with the increasing demands of complex scenarios, antenna solutions for mobile terminals are constantly being upgraded and iterated.

[0003] In existing technologies, a mid-high band (MHB) antenna is typically designed at the bottom of the phone. This antenna is widely used in free-roaming and head-and-hand scenarios. However, the free-roaming and head-and-handing performance of traditional bottom-mounted MHB antennas cannot be maximized, resulting in insufficient performance for some scenarios with high communication quality requirements, such as outdoor live streaming, highway navigation, and calls on the Sichuan-Tibet Highway in congested or weak signal environments. Therefore, how to further improve the performance of bottom-mounted MHB antennas has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in application scenarios with high communication quality requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an electronic device that can solve the problem of how to further improve the performance of the bottom MHB antenna in application scenarios with high communication quality requirements.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: an antenna structure disposed on the frame of the electronic device, the antenna structure comprising:

[0006] First antenna stub;

[0007] Second antenna stub;

[0008] Third antenna stub;

[0009] The second end of the first antenna stub is opposite to the first end of the second antenna stub, forming a first gap; the second end of the second antenna stub is opposite to the first end of the third antenna stub, forming a second gap; the first end of the first antenna stub is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna stub is grounded.

[0010] Wherein, the first position on the first antenna stub is grounded by connecting the first tuning match and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna stub is grounded after being connected to the first device, the first end of the third antenna stub is grounded after being connected to the second device, and the first position is the position on the first antenna stub between the first end and the second end of the first antenna stub.

[0011] Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna stub is connected to the second tuning matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna stub is grounded through a third device and a feed source connected in series.

[0012] In the embodiments of this application, by improving the antenna structure on the frame of the electronic device, using a three-segment antenna with a gap coupling method, and setting a feed point and tuning matching circuit on the first antenna segment, a tuning point on the second antenna segment, and a tuning point on the third antenna segment, or setting a tuning matching circuit on the first antenna segment and a feed tuning point on the second antenna segment, the return loss of the antenna is reduced, thereby improving the antenna efficiency and enhancing the antenna's transmission performance in each coverage frequency band.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-stub antenna scheme according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stub antenna scheme according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first tuning matching circuit according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the radiation efficiency of the two-segment scheme and the conventional scheme according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 This is an antenna current distribution diagram according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the radiation efficiency of the three-stub and two-stub schemes according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna scheme according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second tuning matching circuit according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0023] Figure 9a This is a current distribution diagram in the MB frequency band according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0024] Figure 9b This is a current distribution diagram of the pit points after the MB frequency band according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0025] Figure 9c This is a current distribution diagram in the HB band according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a comparison chart of radiation efficiency in the MHB band based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0027] Figure 11 This is the initial impedance diagram of the antenna according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0028] Figure 12a This is a comparison diagram of the final impedance matching in the B3 frequency band based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0029] Figure 12b This is a comparison diagram of the final impedance matching in the B41 frequency band according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and do not limit the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] To make the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical background and the purpose of this invention will be briefly introduced below:

[0035] Mobile terminal antennas are an indispensable part of wireless communication systems, and their development is of great significance to the advancement and popularization of communication technology. With the ever-increasing demands of mobile terminals in complex scenarios, antenna solutions are constantly being upgraded and iterated. With the arrival of the 5G era and the rapid development and commercialization of new technologies such as the Internet of Things, smart home wearables, and VR, the importance of mobile terminal antenna technology has become even more prominent.

[0036] Typically, a mobile phone has an MHB (1.71–2.69 GHz, including MB and HB, with MB commonly using B3 and B1 bands, and HB commonly using B40 and B41 bands) antenna at the bottom. This antenna is widely used in free-space and head-and-hand scenarios. On one hand, the bottom of the mobile phone terminal has good clearance, and the bottom MHB usually has good free-space performance, greatly improving communication quality in free-space scenarios. On the other hand, the MHB antennas on the top and sides of the phone are too close to the head, resulting in a high Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) derating, which limits communication in various scenarios. The bottom MHB antenna, being far from the head, does not require SAR derating, giving it a significant advantage in head-and-hand scenarios. Therefore, further improving the performance of the bottom MHB antenna is particularly important.

[0037] The commonly used bottom-mounted MHB antenna design, also known as the traditional design, features one stub as the main radiating stub of the bottom MHB antenna. The return-to-ground, antenna feed, and tuning matching circuits are installed on this stub. The main radiating stub is coupled to another parasitic radiating stub via a break. In other words, the traditional design is a parasitic connection between the main radiating stub and the parasitic radiating stub. This design exhibits good free-field and head-and-hand performance, with an average efficiency of -3.5dB in simulated free-field scenarios and -10.5dB in head-and-hand scenarios. This design can meet the needs of most communication scenarios.

[0038] However, traditional bottom-mounted MHB antennas cannot achieve optimal freedom and head-and-hand performance. They cannot meet the high-quality communication requirements of certain scenarios, such as outdoor live streaming, high-speed navigation, and communication in congested or weak signal environments such as islands and the Sichuan-Tibet Highway.

[0039] This application embodiment designs a high-performance MHB antenna located at the bottom of an electronic device. This antenna, combined with the radio frequency front-end devices, can further improve the transmission performance of the bottom MHB antenna in free and head-and-hand scenarios, which helps to improve the user experience in many popular scenarios such as outdoor live broadcasts, remote area calls, concerts, etc.

[0040] The electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 7 , Figure 1 and Figure 7 Schematic diagrams of three antenna structure design schemes for electronic devices provided in embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes: an antenna structure disposed on the frame of the electronic device 100, the antenna structure including:

[0042] First antenna stub 10;

[0043] Second antenna stub 20;

[0044] Third antenna stub 30;

[0045] The second end of the first antenna stub 10 is opposite to the first end of the second antenna stub 20, forming a first gap 11; the second end of the second antenna stub 20 is opposite to the first end of the third antenna stub 30, forming a second gap 21; the first end of the first antenna stub 10 is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna stub 30 is grounded.

[0046] Wherein, the first position on the first antenna stub 10 is grounded by connecting the first tuning matching circuit 41 and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna stub 20 is grounded after being connected to the first device, and the first end of the third antenna stub 30 is grounded after being connected to the second device. The first position is the position on the first antenna stub 10 between the first end and the second end of the first antenna stub 10.

[0047] Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna stub 10 is connected to the second tuning matching circuit 42 and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna stub 20 is grounded through a third device and a feed source connected in series.

[0048] In this embodiment, the antenna structure can be disposed on the metal frame of the electronic device 100, specifically on the bottom frame, serving as an MHB antenna for the electronic device to improve the performance of the MHB band in free-roaming and head-and-hand scenarios. The metal frame has three radiating branches, including a main radiating branch and a parasitic radiating branch.

[0049] In other words, the antenna structure includes three radiating stubs: a first antenna stub 10, a second antenna stub 20, and a third antenna stub 30, one of which serves as the main radiating stub, and the other two as parasitic radiating stubs. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first antenna stub 10 and the second antenna stub 20 can be arranged opposite each other, with a first gap 11 between the first antenna stub 10 and the second antenna stub 20. The first end of the first antenna stub 10, i.e., the end furthest from the second antenna stub 20, is grounded. The third antenna stub 30 is arranged on the other side of the second antenna stub 20, furthest from the first antenna stub 10. In other words, the second antenna stub 20 is the middle stub, and the first antenna stub 10 and the third antenna stub 30 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the second antenna stub 20. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the third antenna stub 30 is located to the right of the second antenna stub 20, and there is a second gap 21 between the two. The second end of the third antenna stub 30, that is, the end away from the second antenna stub 20, is grounded.

[0050] In one embodiment, the second end of the first antenna stub 10, i.e. the end near the first gap 11, may not be connected to a tuning matching device and a feed source; the first end of the second antenna stub 20, i.e. the end near the first gap 11, may be provided with a tuning point to connect to a tuning matching device and then grounded for tuning; the second end of the second antenna stub 20, i.e. the end away from the first antenna stub 10, may be provided with an opening to form a second gap 21; the first end of the third antenna stub 30, i.e. the end near the second gap 21, may be provided with a tuning point to connect to a tuning matching device and then grounded for tuning.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main radiating stub can be placed on the first antenna stub 10, i.e., the first antenna stub 10 is the main radiating stub AC, and the second antenna stub 20 is the first parasitic radiating stub DE. There is a first gap CD between the two. The main radiating stub AC is provided with a return point A and a feed tuning point B. The feed tuning point B can be electrically connected to the feed excitation source "Port" (referred to as the feed source) through a tuning matching circuit S1 with a switch, i.e., the first tuning matching circuit 41. The feed tuning point B can be set near the return point A, near the gap C, or in the middle of AC. The specific location can be determined according to the tuning method of the tuning matching circuit S1 at that point. The parasitic radiating stub DE is provided with a tuning point D, which is near the gap CD. This point can be tuned back to ground through a first device such as an inductor L1.

[0052] The third antenna stub 30 is the second parasitic radiating stub FG of the main radiating stub AC. This parasitic radiating stub FG has a tuning point F and a return point G. The tuning point F is close to the break EF and is tuned back to ground through a second device such as capacitor C1. The FG stub and the DE stub are coupled in a parasitic, point-to-point manner through the break EF. The main function of introducing the FG stub is to generate a radiating current in phase with the AC and DE stubs, such as... Figure 5 The three-stub in-phase radiated current shown can improve the efficiency of the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0053] The main function of the tuning matching circuit S1 is to switch different inductors or capacitors to achieve impedance tuning, reduce antenna return loss, and better cover the entire MHB band.

[0054] Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, different antenna stubs can cover different frequency bands to balance antenna efficiency across different bands. For example, the length AC of the first antenna stub 10 is designed based on the covered frequency band MB to ensure that the antenna stub resonates in the MB band and primarily contributes to the MB band radiation efficiency. The length DE of the second antenna stub 20 is designed based on the covered frequency band HB to ensure that the antenna stub resonates in the HB band and primarily contributes to the HB band radiation efficiency. Of course, the opposite layout design can also be made according to actual conditions. The third antenna stub 30 can generate a radiated current in phase with the first antenna stub 10 and the second antenna stub 20, improving the radiation efficiency of the MB and HB bands.

[0055] In another embodiment, the second end of the first antenna stub 10, i.e., the end closest to the first gap 11, can be connected to a tuning matching circuit for tuning. The first end of the second antenna stub 20, i.e., the end closest to the first gap 11, may not have a tuning point or feed point, but a feed tuning point is provided at the second end of the second antenna stub 20, i.e., the end furthest from the first antenna stub 10, to connect the tuning matching device and the feed ground, for fine-tuning impedance frequency offset and improving tuning band efficiency. The second end of the second antenna stub 20 may have an opening, forming a second gap 21. The third antenna stub 30 may not have a tuning point or feed point, but only the end furthest from the second antenna stub 20 is grounded.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the main radiating stub can be placed on the second antenna stub 20. That is, based on the previous embodiment, this embodiment replaces the main radiating stub AC with DE, i.e., single-pole DE feeding. Specifically, the second antenna stub 20 is the main radiating stub DE, and the first antenna stub 10 is the first parasitic radiating stub AC, with a first gap CD between them. The end point E of the DE stub is the feed tuning point, and point E is electrically connected to the feed source "Port" through a third device such as capacitor C1′. The AC stub is close to the open circuit point D of the DE stub, and the AC stub is provided with a tuning matching circuit S2 with a switch at point C near the gap CD, which is also the second tuning matching circuit 42. The third antenna stub 30 is the second parasitic radiating stub FG of the main radiating stub DE. That is, in this embodiment, the AC stub and the FG stub are the first and second parasitic radiating stubs, respectively, and the parasitic radiating stub FG is provided with a return point G.

[0057] The tuning matching circuit S2 has two main functions: first, to achieve impedance tuning and reduce antenna return loss; and second, to achieve aperture tuning and switch the radiation aperture of different frequency bands.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the DE stub and the AC stub jointly determine the resonance of the MB (mainly B3 and B1) frequency band; through the tuning matching circuit S2, the antenna structure can be tuned to operate in the B3 frequency band, at which point the radiated currents of the DE and AC stubs are in phase, such as... Figure 9a As shown. Furthermore, changing the length of the AC stub allows the antenna structure to operate in other frequency bands of MB, such as the B1 band; tuning via the tuning matching circuit S2 allows the antenna structure to operate in the HB band; similarly, the intermediate stub DE and the radiating stub FG together determine the resonance in the HB band, and the length of the FG stub can be appropriately adjusted to satisfy the resonance in the HB band. When the antenna structure operates in the HB band, the DE and FG stubs will generate in-phase radiated currents, such as... Figure 9c As shown, the antenna thus has high radiation efficiency in the HB band, such as Figure 10As shown, the antenna structure can completely cover the entire B40 and B41 frequency bands.

[0059] Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, different antenna stubs can cover different frequency bands to balance antenna efficiency across different frequency bands. For example, the length AC of the first antenna stub 10 and the length DE of the second antenna stub 20 can be designed based on the common coverage frequency band MB. These two antenna stubs together determine the resonance of the MB frequency band. In addition, by changing the length of the AC stub, the antenna structure can operate in different frequency bands of MB. The length DE of the second antenna stub 20 is also designed based on the coverage frequency band HB to ensure that the antenna stub, or in combination with another parasitic radiating stub, resonates in the HB frequency band.

[0060] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the branches are only "connected" by seam coupling, and there are no other physical connection methods.

[0061] In this embodiment of the application, by implementing the above methods and rationally designing the length of each antenna stub and the feeding tuning method, it is possible to ensure that the final antenna structure has high radiation efficiency in the MHB band and improve the transmission performance of the MHB band in free and head-and-hand scenarios.

[0062] Optionally, the length of the second antenna stub 20 is less than the length of the first antenna stub 10, and the length of the third antenna stub 30 is less than the length of the second antenna stub 20.

[0063] In some embodiments, the three antenna stubs in the antenna structure can be implemented with successively decreasing lengths. For example, the lengths of the first antenna stub 10, the second antenna stub 20, and the third antenna stub 30 can be 19–20 mm, 14–15 mm, and 8–12 mm, respectively. This ensures that each antenna stub covers different MHB frequency bands, thereby improving the antenna performance of each frequency band.

[0064] like Figure 2 In the two-stub scheme shown, stub AC is longer than stub DE. If only the two-stub scheme is used, stub AC can also be shorter than stub DE. The common purpose of the two stubs is to accommodate both the MB and HB bands. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the FG stub needs to be introduced. If the DE stub is the longest stub, the FG stub will be much shorter than its coupled neighboring DE stub. This significant length difference makes it difficult to generate in-phase current at 2.69GHz, hindering performance improvement. Therefore, in this embodiment, the AC, DE, and FG stubs must satisfy a decreasing relationship. Specifically, the FG stub is slightly shorter than the DE stub, effectively creating a long stub parasitizing a short stub, which generates in-phase current in the HB band, thereby improving antenna performance.

[0065] by Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the three stubs AC, DE, and FG must satisfy a decreasing order, such that stubs DE and AC operate in the MB band, and stubs DE and FG operate in the HB band. Furthermore, the longer stubs are farther from the feed end, while the shorter stubs are closer to the feed end. This length and positional relationship results in superior radiation efficiency and broadband impedance characteristics.

[0066] Optionally, the width of the first slit 11 and / or the second slit 21 is 1 to 1.5 mm.

[0067] In some embodiments, the metal frame of the electronic device 100 is provided with a first slit CD and a second slit EF, the width of which can be 1 to 1.5 mm, to ensure good coupling between antenna stubs. In the embodiments of this application, the stubs are only connected by coupling through slits, and there are no other physical connection methods.

[0068] Optionally, the first tuning matching circuit 41 includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and the multiple branches are switched by the second tuning switch 52.

[0069] When the fourth branch of the plurality of branches is activated by the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B1 band of the MB band. The fourth branch includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2, and a third inductor L3 connected in series; or

[0070] When the fifth branch of the plurality of branches is turned on by controlling the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B3 band of the MB band. The fifth branch includes a fourth inductor L4 and a fifth inductor L5 connected in series, and the common terminal of the fourth inductor L4 and the fifth inductor L5 is grounded; or

[0071] When the fifth branch, the sixth branch, and the seventh branch among the plurality of branches are connected by controlling the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B40 band of the HB band. The sixth branch includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2, and a third capacitor C3 connected in series, and the seventh branch includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2, and a fourth capacitor C4 connected in series; or

[0072] When the fifth and sixth branches are connected via the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B41 band of the HB band.

[0073] In one implementation method, the following can be used: Figure 1 The antenna design scheme shown herein, wherein the principle structure of the first tuning matching circuit 41, i.e., the tuning matching circuit S1, can be described as follows: Figure 3As shown, one end of the tuning matching circuit S1 is connected to the feed tuning point B on the main radiating stub AC, and the other end is connected to the feed power supply "Port". The series main circuit of the tuning matching circuit S1 includes matching devices inductor L2 and capacitor C2. The second tuning switch 52, also known as the switching device "Tuner", has one end connected to ground, and the other end connected to the series main circuit through inductors L3 and L4, capacitors C3 and C4, respectively. The main function of the tuning matching circuit S1 is to achieve impedance tuning by switching different inductors or capacitors, thereby controlling the antenna structure to operate in different frequency bands, reducing antenna return loss, and better covering the entire MHB frequency band.

[0074] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the control switches to path ①, the antenna structure operates in the B3 frequency band; when the control switches to path ②, the antenna structure operates in the B1 frequency band; when the control switches to paths ①③④, the antenna structure operates in the B40 frequency band; and when the control switches to path ①③, the antenna structure operates in the B41 frequency band.

[0075] Traditional antennas use an AC stub with an opening to an opening and a parasitic DE stub, meaning coupling between electric field strength points C and D. This coupling method exhibits a rapid decrease in radiation efficiency at the 1.71 GHz and 2.69 GHz sidebands, and is not suitable for covering the entire MHB band. Specifically... Figure 4 The dashed curve represents the traditional scheme. This scheme produces a low-slope efficiency dip "NULL1" before 1.71 GHz, and the sideband efficiency drops rapidly before 1.71 GHz and after 2.69 GHz. It should be noted that "before 1.71 GHz" in this application embodiment refers to frequency bands below 1.71 GHz, and "after a certain frequency" as mentioned below refers to frequency bands above that frequency.

[0076] To better illustrate the two-stub antenna scheme, we first introduce the two-stub antenna of this embodiment, which consists of AC stub and DE stub, as follows: Figure 2 As shown. Optionally, the length of the first antenna stub 10 is 19-20 mm, and the first antenna stub 10 operates in the MB band; the length of the second antenna stub 20 is 14-15 mm, and the second antenna stub 20 operates in the HB band.

[0077] Specifically, the AC stub is 19–20 mm long, resonating in the MB band and primarily contributing to the MB band radiation efficiency. The DE stub is 14–15 mm long, resonating in the HB band and primarily contributing to the HB band radiation efficiency. The feed points of the two stub antennas are located on the AC stub, which is coupled to the DE stub via a gap CD, using an open-to-ground parasitic coupling method. When the electric field strength point C and the current strength point D are electromagnetically coupled, a high-slope efficiency dip "NULL2" is constructed before 1.71 GHz, causing a slow decrease in radiation efficiency in the 1.71 GHz sideband and preceding bands. Figure 4 Chinese representative Figure 2 The dashed curve of the two-stub scheme is shown. This two-stub scheme places the efficiency pit before 1.71 GHz, which can ensure that the current of the two stubs is in phase in the MHB band.

[0078] Optionally, the first device is a first inductor L1, and the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is 1 to 3 nH. The first inductor L1 is used to control the position of the efficiency pit generated before the MB band.

[0079] In practical implementation, the value of inductor L1 can also be adjusted to control the... Figure 4 The location of the efficiency pit "NULL2" is shown. In this embodiment, the size of the inductor L1 can be between 1 and 3 nH.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, compared to traditional antenna schemes, the two-stub antenna in this embodiment has improved performance across the entire MHB band, with the greatest improvement in radiation efficiency at 1.71 GHz, which is approximately 1 dB.

[0081] Optionally, the length of the third antenna stub 30 is 8 to 12 mm, and the third antenna stub 30 is used to generate a radiated current that is in phase with the first antenna stub 10 and the second antenna stub 20.

[0082] Furthermore, based on the two-stub antenna, Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment introduces a third antenna stub 30, also known as the second parasitic radiation stub FG. The FG stub and the DE stub are coupled via a gap EF in a parasitic coupling manner. The length of the FG stub can be 8–12 mm. The main function of the FG stub is to generate a radiated current in phase with the AC and DE stubs, such as… Figure 5 As shown, the three branches generate in-phase radiated current. This further improves the radiation efficiency and performance of the antenna structure in the MHB band.

[0083] Optionally, the second device is a first capacitor C1, and the value of the first capacitor C1 is 0 to 2 pF. The first capacitor C1 is used to adjust the radiation current intensity of the third antenna stub 30.

[0084] In practical implementation, the radiation current intensity of the FG stub can be adjusted by the ground tuning capacitor C1 at point F. The capacitance value of C1 can be in the range of 0 to 2pF, which can further improve the antenna radiation performance.

[0085] It should be noted that in the two-stub antenna scheme of this application embodiment, the AC stub is longer than the DE stub. If only the two-stub scheme is used, the AC stub can also be shorter than the DE stub. The common purpose of the two stubs is to accommodate both the MB and HB stubs. Figure 1 As shown, after introducing the FG stub, if the DE stub is the longest stub, the FG stub will be much shorter than its coupled adjacent stub DE. The large length difference makes it difficult to generate in-phase current at 2.69GHz, thus hindering performance improvement.

[0086] for Figure 1 In the illustrated implementation, the three stubs AC, DE, and FG must satisfy a decreasing relationship in that order. The length of stub FG is slightly shorter than that of stub DE; this is equivalent to a long stub parasitizing a short stub, which will generate in-phase current in HB, thereby improving antenna performance.

[0087] Consider other length relationships from a different perspective:

[0088] 1) When the DE branch is shorter than the FG branch, it is equivalent to the short root branch parasitizing the long root branch, which is the effect of short parasitizing long. It will be difficult to generate the same phase current effect at 2.69GHz.

[0089] 2) When the lengths of AC, DE, and FG stubs are the same or comparable, the same stub length cannot cover the entire MHB frequency band. Secondly, when the lengths of DE and FG stubs are comparable, it is easier to excite the differential mode with reverse current, resulting in an in-band efficiency dip.

[0090] Therefore, to ensure good antenna efficiency, the three branches AC, DE, and FG must satisfy a decreasing relationship in that order.

[0091] like Figure 6 As shown, compared to the two-stub antenna scheme, Figure 1 The in-phase current generated by the three stub length decreasing sequentially shown can further improve the radiation efficiency of the MHB band, especially at 2.69 GHz and beyond. It is important to note that the FG stub is not the primary contributor to the radiation efficiency near 2.69 GHz; its role is to further improve the performance of the 2.69 GHz band and beyond, building upon the DE stub which primarily generates HB radiation efficiency.

[0092] Finally, by switching the switching path of the tuning matching circuit S1, the antenna structure proposed in this embodiment can cover the entire MHB frequency band. Table 1 below shows a comparison of the overall efficiency of the scheme in this embodiment and the traditional scheme. As can be seen from the table, the average performance of this embodiment can be improved by 1dB compared with the traditional scheme.

[0093] Table 1 compares the overall efficiency of the exemplified solution with the traditional solution (unit: dB).

[0094]

[0095] The antenna scheme in this embodiment has the following advantages compared to traditional antenna schemes:

[0096] 1) Improved the transmission performance of the MHB band in free scenarios, increasing the uplink transmission speed by 26% (i.e., 1dB) in scenarios such as outdoor live streaming and high-speed navigation.

[0097] 2) Improved transmission performance of the MHB band in head-and-hand scenarios. The bottom MHB antenna is far from the head, eliminating the need for head-down SAR. With the support of high freedom performance, the head-and-hand performance of the MHB band is further enhanced, greatly improving call quality in congested and weak signal scenarios such as concerts, popular scenic spots, islands, and the Sichuan-Tibet Highway.

[0098] Optionally, the second end of the first antenna stub 10 is connected to the second tuning matching circuit 42 and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna stub 20 is connected to the third device.

[0099] The second antenna stub 20 is the main radiating stub, the first antenna stub 10 is the first parasitic radiating stub, and the third antenna stub 30 is the second parasitic radiating stub.

[0100] The lengths of the second antenna stub 20 and the first antenna stub 10 are adapted to the intermediate frequency (Middle Band, MB) band, while the lengths of the second antenna stub 20 and the third antenna stub 30 are adapted to the high frequency (High Band, HB) band.

[0101] That is, Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment, the middle second antenna stub 20, i.e. DE stub, can be used as the main radiating stub, and the side first antenna stub 10 and third antenna stub 30 can be used as the first parasitic radiating stub and the second parasitic radiating stub, respectively.

[0102] In this embodiment, the lengths of the three branches AC, DE and FG can still satisfy the relationship of decreasing sequentially. The AC branch is close to the open circuit point D of the DE branch, that is, the long branch is far away from the feed end, and the FG branch is close to the feed point E of the DE branch, that is, the short branch is close to the feed end.

[0103] In the aforementioned scheme of a single pole parasitizing a stub, controlling the lengths of the single pole and the parasitic stub is sufficient to generate in-phase radiated current. In this embodiment, the feed is located on the middle stub DE, the stub further away from the feed is the long stub AC, and the stub closer to the feed is the short stub FG. A scheme is adopted in which the single pole DE parasitizes the stubs on both sides respectively.

[0104] Among them, the middle DE stub and the side AC stub together determine the resonance of the MB band (including B3 and B1), that is, the lengths of the second antenna stub 20 and the first antenna stub 10 can be designed according to the MB band.

[0105] The middle DE stub and the side FG stub together determine the resonance of the HB band (including B40 and B41), that is, the lengths of the second antenna stub 20 and the third antenna stub 30 can be designed according to the HB band.

[0106] This ensures that the antenna structure covers the entire MHB frequency band and achieves good antenna radiation efficiency.

[0107] Optionally, the second tuning matching circuit 42 includes a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch connected in parallel;

[0108] The first branch includes an inductor L1′, the second branch includes an inductor L2′, and the third branch includes a capacitor C2′, an inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor. Both the second branch and the third branch are switched by a first tuning switch 51.

[0109] In one implementation method, the following can be used: Figure 7 The antenna design shown has a second tuning matching circuit 42 (S2) with a switch at point C near the break CD on the AC stub. The principle structure of this tuning matching circuit S2 can be described as follows: Figure 8 As shown, one end of the tuning matching circuit S2 is connected to the AC stub, and the other end is connected to inductor L1′ to ground or to inductor L2′ and capacitor C2′ to the first tuning switch 51, i.e., the switch "Tuner". After being controlled by "Tuner", it is then connected to ground. The tuning matching circuit S2 in this embodiment has two main functions: first, to achieve impedance tuning and reduce antenna return loss; and second, to achieve aperture tuning, switching the radiating aperture of different frequency bands. When the antenna structure operates in the MB band, the main radiating structure is the main radiating stub DE and the first parasitic radiating stub AC; when the antenna structure operates in the HB band, the main radiating structure is the main radiating stub DE and the second parasitic radiating stub FG.

[0110] In this embodiment, the antenna structure can be controlled to cover different frequency bands of MHB by a second tuning matching circuit. In this embodiment, a monopole, i.e., intermediate stub feeding, is used to generate impedance junctions in the MB and HB bands by utilizing its impedance characteristics, thereby expanding the impedance bandwidth and depth of the antenna in each operating frequency band and further improving the overall efficiency of the antenna.

[0111] Optionally, when the second branch and the third branch are not connected under the control of the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the B3 band of the MB band, and the second antenna stub 20 and the first antenna stub 10 generate in-phase radiated currents; or

[0112] When the second branch is activated by the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the B1 band of the MB band; or

[0113] When the third branch is turned on by the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the HB band, and the second antenna stub 20 and the third antenna stub 30 generate in-phase radiated currents.

[0114] Specifically, Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the DE stub and the AC stub together determine the resonance of the MB band (including B3 and B1). When the first tuning switch 51 is not switched on in the branches containing L2 and C2, the AC stub is grounded through the large inductor L1′. At this time, the antenna structure operates in the B3 band, and the radiated currents of the DE and AC stubs are in phase, as shown below. Figure 9a As shown. Additionally, changing the length of the AC stub allows the antenna structure to operate in other frequency bands of the MB. When the large inductor L2′ is switched using the first tuning switch 51, the antenna operating frequency band switches to the B1 band. Figure 9a The diagram illustrates the current distribution of the antenna structure when operating in MB mode. The main radiating stub DE and the first parasitic radiating stub AC are in phase with each other, while the second parasitic radiating stub FG does not participate in radiation or radiates weakly. The presence of in-phase currents in both stubs results in high radiation efficiency for the antenna in the B3 and B1 frequency bands. Figure 10 As shown, however, there is a radiative efficiency dip after the MB operating frequency band (such as 2.35GHz and 2.53GHz). This is because shorter FG stubs (FG stub length is 8-12mm, about 8mm in this embodiment) will generate radiative currents that are out of phase with the DE and AC stubs after the MB frequency band, such as... Figure 9b As shown, this results in an efficiency dip after the MB band.

[0115] Optionally, the length of the third antenna stub 30 is used to control the location of the efficiency dip generated after the MB band.

[0116] In some embodiments, the position of the efficiency pit after the MB band can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the length of the FG stub, thereby optimizing the radiation efficiency of the MB band.

[0117] Similarly, the intermediate stub DE and the short stub FG together determine the resonance of the HB band. While controlling the position of the recess after the MB band, the length of the FG stub must also meet the resonance requirements of the HB band. Switching the antenna structure from the MB band to the HB band requires switching capacitor C2′ using the first tuning switch 51. The principle of the antenna operating in the HB band is to prevent the AC stub from participating in HB band radiation or to prevent it from affecting HB band radiation. Therefore, the first tuning switch 51 can be used to switch to the large capacitor C2′, preventing the long AC stub from participating in radiation. C2′ can be a large capacitor, a small inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor; anything that achieves a similar effect is acceptable.

[0118] When the antenna structure operates in the HB band, the DE and FG stubs will generate in-phase radiated currents, such as... Figure 9c As shown, the antenna structure thus has high radiation efficiency in the HB band, such as Figure 10 As shown, the antenna structure can completely cover the entire B40 and B41 frequency bands.

[0119] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the main radiating stub DE is a monopole, and its initial feed impedance starts from the open circuit point. The end D of the DE stub and the end C of the AC stub form electromagnetic coupling, generating the first effective impedance junction "J1" near 1.71 GHz, in the second and third quadrants and their boundary. Specifically, as shown... Figure 11 As shown. It's important to note that the antenna also generates an impedance junction at 1.05 GHz. This impedance junction operates outside the MHB band and cannot be considered effective. Furthermore, electromagnetic coupling is formed between the beginning E of the DE stub (near the feed end) and the end F of the FG stub, generating a second effective impedance junction "J2" near 2.69 GHz, at the boundary between the first and second quadrants. From the initial impedance, it can be seen that by using monopole feeding and adding parasitic stubs on both sides, two impedance junctions "J1" and "J2" can be achieved within the target frequency band. These two impedance junctions respectively extend the impedance bandwidth of the MB and HB bands. Figure 12a and Figure 12b The following is an example of this embodiment and Figure 1 The final impedance matching diagrams for the B3 and B41 frequency bands shown in the embodiment clearly demonstrate that the matching impedance bandwidth and depth of this embodiment are superior to those of the previous embodiment. Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment.

[0120] Optionally, the third device is a capacitor, an inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor, and the third device is used to fine-tune the impedance frequency deviation.

[0121] The device connected to the power supply point E can be a capacitor C1′, an inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor. It is mainly used to fine-tune the impedance frequency deviation and generate an impedance junction in the required frequency band.

[0122] It should be noted that the three branches AC, DE, and FG in this embodiment must satisfy a decreasing order, such that branches DE and AC operate in the MB band, and branches DE and FG operate in the HB band, with the longer branches farther from the feed end and the shorter branches closer to the feed end. The radiation efficiency characteristics and broadband impedance characteristics resulting from this length and positional relationship have been described above.

[0123] Consider other length and positional relationships from a different perspective:

[0124] 1) If the DE stub is the longest of the three stubs, then capacitors or inductors need to be connected in series on the gaps CD and EF to tune the entire antenna, which is difficult to implement and requires a lot of space. Furthermore, in this case, the longest stub DE is unlikely to have a large difference in length from the shortest stub, making it difficult to excite the in-phase current mode of the HB band between them.

[0125] 2) Similarly, the DE branch is the shortest of the three branches.

[0126] 3) When the three stubs are of the same or similar length, the stub length cannot cover the entire MHB frequency band. Secondly, the FG stub will generate currents that are opposite in phase to the AC and DE stubs, introducing an efficiency dip.

[0127] 4) When the long stub is close to the feed end and the short stub is far from the feed end, the antenna cannot generate two impedance junctions, making impedance tuning difficult.

[0128] Therefore, in order to ensure good antenna efficiency and reduce implementation difficulty, the three branches AC, DE and FG need to satisfy a decreasing relationship in sequence.

[0129] In addition, as mentioned above Figure 1 Unlike the illustrated embodiment, this embodiment uses the middle stub as the main radiating stub, feeding power at its beginning and parasitic stubs on both sides. The longer stubs are farther from the feed end, while the shorter stubs are closer to it. This embodiment utilizes a switch to switch the antenna to different operating frequency bands through aperture tuning. For example... Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment and Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment exhibits comparable radiation efficiency in the MHB band. This embodiment employs a monopole (intermediate stub) feed, utilizing its impedance characteristics to generate impedance junctions in the MB and HB bands, thereby extending the antenna's impedance bandwidth and depth across all operating frequency bands. Figure 12a and Figure 12b As shown. This embodiment mainly improves the overall efficiency by reducing antenna return loss. Table 2 below shows the results of this embodiment and... Figure 1The illustrated embodiment shows an average improvement of 0.76 dB in overall efficiency across the MHB band.

[0130] Table 2 Comparison of overall efficiency between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 (unit: dB)

[0131]

[0132] Compared to Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment optimizes antenna impedance by using parasitic stubs on both sides of a single pole, further improving the efficiency of the MHB antenna and providing better support for uplink communication in free-roaming and head-and-hand scenarios. Currently, the performance of this solution is among the best in the industry, which can improve user experience, ensure communication competitiveness, and enhance brand influence to a certain extent.

[0133] In addition, in some embodiments, the short stubs of the MHB antenna, such as the FG stub, can be shared with the low-frequency band (LowBand, LB, 700-960MHz) antenna to further save space at the bottom of electronic devices such as mobile phones, and to construct a high-performance antenna system with shared MHB+LB stubs by using a switch-switching method.

[0134] It should also be noted that Embodiment 1 in the accompanying drawings of this application may refer to... Figure 1 The antenna scheme shown in Embodiment 2 may refer to... Figure 7 The antenna scheme shown.

[0135] An electronic device according to an embodiment of this application includes: an antenna structure disposed on the frame of the electronic device, the antenna structure including: a first antenna stub; a second antenna stub; a third antenna stub; a second end of the first antenna stub facing the first end of the second antenna stub to form a first gap; a second end of the second antenna stub facing the first end of the third antenna stub to form a second gap; a first end of the first antenna stub being grounded, and a second end of the third antenna stub being grounded; wherein, a first position on the first antenna stub is connected in series with a first tuning matching circuit and a feed source and grounded, the first end of the second antenna stub is connected to a first device and then grounded, and the first end of the third antenna stub is connected to a second device and then grounded, the first position being a position on the first antenna stub between the first end and the second end of the first antenna stub; or, the second end of the first antenna stub is connected in series with a second tuning matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna stub is connected in series with a third device and a feed source and then grounded. In this way, by improving the antenna structure on the frame of the electronic device, using a three-segment antenna with a slot coupling method, and setting a feed point and tuning matching circuit on the first antenna segment, a tuning point on the second antenna segment, and a tuning point on the third antenna segment, or setting a tuning matching circuit on the first antenna segment and a feed tuning point on the second antenna segment, the return loss of the antenna is reduced, thereby improving the antenna efficiency and enhancing the antenna's transmission performance in various coverage frequency bands.

[0136] Other components of the electronic device according to the embodiments of this application, such as radio frequency modules and control modules, as well as their operation, are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0137] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0138] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes an antenna structure disposed on the frame of the electronic device, the antenna structure comprising: First antenna stub; Second antenna stub; Third antenna stub; The second end of the first antenna stub is opposite to the first end of the second antenna stub, forming a first gap; the second end of the second antenna stub is opposite to the first end of the third antenna stub, forming a second gap; the first end of the first antenna stub is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna stub is grounded; the length of the second antenna stub is less than the length of the first antenna stub, and the length of the third antenna stub is less than the length of the second antenna stub. Wherein, the first position on the first antenna stub is grounded by connecting the first tuning matching circuit and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna stub is grounded after being connected to the first device, the first end of the third antenna stub is grounded after being connected to the second device, and the first position is the position on the first antenna stub between the first end and the second end of the first antenna stub. Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna stub is connected to the second tuning matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna stub is grounded through a third device and a feed source connected in series.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the first antenna stub is connected to the second tuning matching circuit and then grounded; the second end of the second antenna stub is connected in series with the third device and the feed source and then grounded. The second antenna stub is the main radiating stub, the first antenna stub is the first parasitic radiating stub, and the third antenna stub is the second parasitic radiating stub. The lengths of the second antenna stub and the first antenna stub are adapted to the intermediate frequency (MB) band, and the lengths of the second antenna stub and the third antenna stub are adapted to the high frequency (HB) band.

3. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The third device is a capacitor, an inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor, and is used to fine-tune the impedance frequency deviation.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The second tuning matching circuit includes a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch connected in parallel; The first branch includes an inductor, the second branch includes an inductor, and the third branch includes a capacitor, an inductor, or a 0-ohm resistor. Both the second branch and the third branch are switched by a first tuning switch.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the second branch and the third branch are not connected by the first tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B3 band of the MB band, and the second antenna stub and the first antenna stub generate in-phase radiated current. or When the second branch is turned on by the first tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B1 band of the MB band; or When the third branch is switched on by the first tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the HB band, and the second antenna stub and the third antenna stub generate in-phase radiated current.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first device is a first inductor, and the inductance value of the first inductor is 1~3nH.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second device is a first capacitor, and the value of the first capacitor is 0~2pF.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first tuning matching circuit includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and the multiple branches are switched by a second tuning switch; When the fourth branch of the plurality of branches is activated by the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B1 band of the MB band, and the fourth branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, and a third inductor connected in series; or When the fifth branch of the plurality of branches is turned on by controlling the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B3 band of the MB band. The fifth branch includes a fourth inductor and a fifth inductor connected in series, and the common terminal of the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor is grounded; or When the fifth branch, the sixth branch, and the seventh branch are connected via the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B40 band of the HB band. The sixth branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, and a third capacitor connected in series, and the seventh branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, and a fourth capacitor connected in series; or When the fifth and sixth branches are connected via the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B41 band of the HB band.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1, 6 to 8, characterized in that, The length of the first antenna stub is 19~20mm, and the first antenna stub operates in the MB band; The length of the second antenna stub is 14~15mm, and the second antenna stub operates in the HB band.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1, 6 to 8, characterized in that, The length of the third antenna stub is 8~12mm, and the third antenna stub is used to generate a radiated current that is in phase with the first antenna stub and the second antenna stub.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1, 6 to 8, characterized in that, The width of the first and / or the second fracture is 1 to 1.5 mm.

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