Operation control method and system for coupling compressed air energy storage with electrochemical energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage coupled electrochemical energy storage operation control method and system, relates to the technical field of energy storage power station operation control, and mainly aims to solve the problems that the cooperation degree of compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage is low, and the stability and dynamic adjustment requirements of a power grid cannot be met. The electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to be started in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is synchronously controlled to be started in a dynamic control mode; the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is started earlier than the compressed air energy storage subsystem and transmits the electric energy of the battery pack to a target power grid in a constant discharge current manner; after the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started, a generator is driven to operate through an expansion machine, and electric energy output by the generator is sent to a target power grid; and respectively controlling power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to peak regulation and frequency modulation requirements. The method is mainly used for controlling an energy storage power station for coupling compressed air energy storage with electrochemical energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage power station operation control, and in particular to an operation control method and system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. Background Art

[0002] In the new energy storage system, electrochemical energy storage represented by lithium iron phosphate batteries and physical energy storage represented by compressed air have broad application prospects. Electrochemical energy storage can be flexibly deployed on the source, grid, and load sides of the power system according to demand, and the effect of each link is significant. Compressed air energy storage technology is considered to be one of the most promising long-term large-scale power energy storage technologies, with the characteristics of large energy storage scale, long storage cycle, and low environmental pollution.

[0003] At present, electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage are usually used separately in energy storage power stations. That is, different forms of energy storage equipment operate independently according to preset power generation load ratios and charging load ratios. The degree of coordination between the two energy storage methods is low and cannot meet the stability and dynamic regulation needs of the power grid. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an operation control method and system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. The main purpose is to solve the problem that in the operation control process of the existing compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage coupled power station, the degree of coordination between compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage is low and cannot meet the stability and dynamic regulation needs of the power grid.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation control method for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, comprising:

[0006] In response to a power plant power generation operation start-up instruction, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to start in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is synchronously controlled to start in a dynamic control mode;

[0007] The electrochemical energy storage subsystem starts up before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and sends the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current;

[0008] After the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started up, the expander drives the generator to run, and the electric energy output by the generator is sent to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted according to the power load;

[0009] The peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored, and the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are controlled respectively according to the peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of delivering the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current comprises:

[0011] Control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary boosting, and the electric energy after primary boosting is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary boosting, and the electric energy after secondary boosting is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker;

[0012] The step of transmitting the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid comprises:

[0013] Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0014] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0015] Monitor the operating status of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, control the corresponding switch state to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0016] If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0017] In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station;

[0018] In the event of a full-site power outage or full-site startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

[0019] Furthermore, before responding to the power plant power generation operation start instruction, the method further includes:

[0020] In response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge at a maximum charging current, and a second charging load charged to the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem;

[0021] When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and based on the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem, the operating power of the compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted to adjust the fourth charging load for charging the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0022] Furthermore, controlling the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the frequency modulation requirement includes:

[0023] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency increase, determining a first power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0024] Increasing the active power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and when the active power increment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem does not satisfy the first power difference value, synchronously increasing the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station satisfies the first power difference value, until the real-time power increment satisfies the first power difference value, restoring the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the value before the power increase;

[0025] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency reduction, determining a second power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0026] The reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is increased until the real-time frequency of the target power grid is equal to the target frequency.

[0027] Furthermore, controlling the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the peak load demand includes:

[0028] When the peak-shaving demand is short-term peak-shaving, the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand;

[0029] When the peak-shaving demand is long-term peak-shaving, the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation control system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, comprising: a control module, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem and a compressed air energy storage subsystem, wherein the electrochemical energy storage subsystem comprises at least two battery packs, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises an expander and a generator;

[0031] The control module is used to control the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to start in a constant discharge current mode in response to a power station power generation operation start-up instruction, and synchronously control the compressed air energy storage subsystem to start in a dynamic control mode;

[0032] The electrochemical energy storage subsystem is used to complete the startup before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and send the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current;

[0033] The compressed air energy storage subsystem is used to drive the generator to operate through the expander after the startup is completed, and send the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted according to the power load;

[0034] The control module is also used to monitor the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements of the target power grid, and to control the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem respectively according to the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements.

[0035] Furthermore, the system also includes a high-voltage busbar and a grid-connected circuit breaker, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem includes a bidirectional converter, a busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer and an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a generator outlet circuit breaker, a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer and a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker;

[0036] The control module is also used to control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary boosting, and the electric energy after primary boosting is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary boosting, and the electric energy after secondary boosting is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker;

[0037] Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0038] Further, the system also includes a compressed air energy storage plant electronic system, an electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system and a backup power supply subsystem;

[0039] The control module is also used to monitor the operating state of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0040] If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0041] In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station;

[0042] In the event of a full-site power outage or full-site startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

[0043] Furthermore, the compressed air energy storage subsystem also includes a compressor;

[0044] The control system is further used to control the chemical energy storage subsystem to charge with a maximum charging current in response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, and to adjust a second charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem;

[0045] When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and the operating power of the compressor is adjusted according to the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem to adjust the fourth charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0046] Furthermore, the control module is further configured to determine a first power difference value according to a real-time frequency and a target frequency when the frequency modulation requirement is to increase the frequency;

[0047] Increasing the active power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and when the active power increment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem does not satisfy the first power difference value, synchronously increasing the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station satisfies the first power difference value, until the real-time power increment satisfies the first power difference value, restoring the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the value before the power increase;

[0048] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency reduction, determining a second power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0049] The reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is increased until the real-time frequency of the target power grid is equal to the target frequency.

[0050] Furthermore, the control module is also used to keep the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem unchanged when the peak-shaving demand is short-term peak-shaving, and adjust the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem according to the peak-shaving demand;

[0051] When the peak-shaving demand is long-term peak-shaving, the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand.

[0052] By means of the above technical solution, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0053] The present invention provides an operation control method and system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. In an embodiment of the present invention, a control module responds to a power station power generation operation start-up instruction, controls the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to start in a constant discharge current mode, and synchronously controls the compressed air energy storage subsystem to start in a dynamic control mode; the electrochemical energy storage subsystem completes the start-up before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and sends the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid with a constant discharge current; after the compressed air energy storage subsystem completes the start-up, the generator is driven to operate by an expander, and the electric energy output by the generator is sent to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted with the power load; and the peak shaving and frequency modulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored by the control module, and the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are respectively controlled according to the peak shaving and the frequency modulation requirements, thereby greatly increasing the degree of coordinated control of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem, making full use of the respective advantages of compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, achieving complementary advantages, and meeting the requirements of response timeliness and stability of power grid operation.

[0054] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 A flow chart of an operation control method for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0057] Figure 2 An operation control wiring diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0058] Figure 3 A block diagram of the composition of an operation control system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0060] At present, the coordination degree between compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage is low and cannot meet the stability and dynamic regulation requirements of the power grid. The embodiment of the present invention provides an operation control method for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0061] 101. In response to a power plant power generation start-up instruction, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to start in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is synchronously controlled to start in a dynamic control mode.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power station is an energy storage power station equipped with compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. The current execution subject is the operation control system of this power station, including a compressed air energy storage subsystem, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem and a control module. Among them, the control module is used to receive human-computer interaction instructions, and control the coordinated operation of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the instructions. This control module can be an industrial computer, a programmable controller, etc. The power station power generation operation start instruction is used to instruct the start of the power generation operation process of the power station. At this time, the control module sends a start instruction to the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem at the same time. And specify that the electrochemical energy storage subsystem starts in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem starts in a dynamic control mode.

[0063] 102. The electrochemical energy storage subsystem starts up before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and delivers the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the startup response speed of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is higher than that of the compressed air energy storage subsystem. The electrochemical energy storage subsystem can complete startup before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and immediately supply power to the target power grid through the battery pack therein at a constant discharge current. The target power grid is a power grid whose output power of the power station participates in the grid connection. Controlling the battery pack to supply power in a constant discharge current mode can reduce the impact of grid voltage fluctuations on the energy storage system during the grid connection process, so that the energy storage system can provide power support to the grid more stably.

[0065] 103. After the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started up, it drives the generator to run through the expander and sends the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes an expander and a generator. The mechanical energy generated by the expansion of air in the expander drives the generator to operate, thereby generating electrical energy. In the process of the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted with the power load, that is, the output power of the generator is not fixed, but is adjusted in real time by monitoring the changes in the power load in the target power grid to meet the balance between power supply and load.

[0067] It should be noted that during the startup process of the power station's power generation operation, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are started synchronously. In the early stage of startup, the fast startup speed of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem meets the grid's demand for timely response to the power station. After the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started, the dynamic adjustment capability of the compressed air energy storage subsystem can be used to quickly match the output power and output frequency of the power station with the grid connection requirements.

[0068] 104. Monitor the peak load regulation and frequency regulation requirements of the target power grid, and control the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem respectively according to the peak load regulation and frequency regulation requirements.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, after the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the electrochemical energy storage subsystem are both started up, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are operated synchronously. At the same time, the peak load and frequency regulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored, that is, the peak value, valley value and power grid fluctuation frequency data of the target power grid are monitored to control the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to different power grid fluctuation conditions.

[0070] It should be noted that compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage each have their own advantages. By controlling the coordinated operation of the two energy storage methods, the advantages can be complementary. While improving the response speed of the energy storage power station and providing rotational inertia to the power grid, the peak-shaving and frequency-regulating capabilities of the energy storage power station can also be improved, thereby meeting the needs of timely response and stability of power grid operation.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the step of delivering the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current includes:

[0072] Control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar step-up transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary step-up, and the electric energy after primary step-up is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary step-up, and the electric energy after secondary step-up is sent to the target power grid in sequence via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0073] The step of delivering the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid includes:

[0074] Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the operation control system of compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage also includes a high-voltage busbar 2 and a grid-connected circuit breaker 1. The electrochemical energy storage subsystem 7 includes a bidirectional converter, a busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer 4, and an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker 3. The compressed air energy storage subsystem 8 includes a generator outlet circuit breaker, a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer 6, and a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker 5. The compressed air energy storage subsystem and the electrochemical energy storage subsystem are respectively connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer to which they belong. After being boosted to the same voltage level by the main transformer, they are merged into the high-voltage busbar through the main transformer circuit breaker and then merged into the target power grid through the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0076] During the power generation operation of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem 7, the grid-connected circuit breaker 1 and the main transformer circuit breaker 3 of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem are controlled to be closed. At this time, the power output end of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is connected to the target power grid. After the battery pack is connected in series and boosted, it is connected to the bidirectional converter. After the power output of the battery pack is boosted to 35kV by the convergence booster transformer, it is converged to the 35V bus through the 35kV energy storage unit collection bus, and then after being boosted by the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, it is merged into the high-voltage collection bus, and then merged into the target power grid through the electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer 4, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker 3 and the grid-connected circuit breaker 1. Among them, the auxiliary design of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the factory power are taken from the 35kV bus. According to the design capacity of the power station, multiple 35kV energy storage unit collection buses that converge into the 35kV bus can be configured, and branches such as voltage transformers, detuning cabinets, reactive compensation devices and grounding transformers can be configured on the 35kV bus.

[0077] During the power generation operation of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, the generator outlet circuit breaker and the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker are controlled to be closed. At this time, the generator output end is connected to the target power grid. The compressor, motor and its auxiliary systems in the compressed air energy storage subsystem are not running, the motor outlet circuit breaker is disconnected, and the generator outlet circuit breaker is closed (the generator outlet circuit breaker and the motor outlet circuit breaker are interlocked and cannot be closed at the same time). The high-pressure gas enters the expander to drive the generator to generate electricity. The electric energy generated by the generator is boosted to the grid voltage by the main transformer of the compressed air energy storage subsystem through the generator outlet circuit breaker, and then sent to the grid by the grid-connected transmission system (including the grid-connected circuit breaker). Among them, the electric energy generated by the generator is also transmitted to the 10kV insulated tubular busbar on the low-voltage side of the main transformer. The 10kV insulated tubular busbar on the low-voltage side of the main transformer is equipped with a plant transformer branch to supply power to the auxiliary equipment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and an excitation branch is set to provide excitation power to the generator, thereby realizing the continuous operation of the generator. The auxiliary equipment and other plant power of the compressed air energy storage subsystem are also taken from the insulated tubular bus plant transformer branch on the low-voltage side of the main transformer of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the method further includes:

[0079] Monitor the operating status of the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the dispatch utilization rate of the power station. When the power output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is abnormal or the dispatch utilization rate of the power station is less than a preset threshold, if the power output of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, control the corresponding switch state to use the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system;

[0080] Monitor the operating status of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, control the corresponding switch state to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0081] If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0082] In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station;

[0083] In the event of a total power outage or total startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, the operation control system of the power station also includes a compressed air energy storage plant electronic system, an electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system and a backup power supply subsystem. The compressed air energy storage plant electronic system is equipped with 3 power supplies, namely the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem (the 10kV bus plant branch on the low-voltage side of the transformer), the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem (the 35kV bus plant transformer low-voltage side of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem) and the off-site backup power supply subsystem. The electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system is equipped with 4 power supplies, namely the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit 35kV collection bus, the plant branch of the 10kV bus on the low-voltage side of the transformer of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and the backup power supply subsystem. Among them, the backup power supply subsystem consists of a backup line and a circuit breaker, which is taken from an external independent power supply. Each power supply branch is respectively provided with a switch that can be controlled by the control module, and a trolley switch for on-site manual control to realize the mutual switching of different power supplies, while providing flexible operation options for automatic control and manual control.

[0085] In a specific application example, Figure 2 As shown. The compressed air energy storage plant electronic system, during normal operation, the power supply comes from the plant branch of the 10kV busbar on the low-voltage side of the compressed air energy storage subsystem transformer. The access to the plant branch of the 10kV busbar on the low-voltage side of the compressed air energy storage subsystem transformer can be achieved by closing the trolley switch 14. When the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem cannot supply power normally, or when the power station dispatch utilization rate is less than the preset threshold, the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem can be connected to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system as a power supply by controlling the trolley switch 13 to connect to the busbar. If the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is also unable to supply power, that is, when the entire site is out of power or all the equipment is started, it is necessary to control the trolley switch 17 to connect to the busbar to connect the backup power supply subsystem to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system as a power supply. Among them, the preset threshold value can be determined based on the historical power station dispatch utilization distribution data, or it can be customized based on experience, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0086] The electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system, the normal operating power supply comes from the low-voltage side of the 35kV bus plant transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, which can be achieved by closing the trolley switch 12. When the electrochemical energy storage subsystem plant transformer branch cannot supply power, the trolley switch 11 can be controlled to connect to the busbar to connect the low-voltage side of the plant transformer of the 35kV energy storage unit of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system as a power supply. When both of the above-mentioned plant power supplies of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem cannot supply power, the 10kV bus branch on the low-voltage side of the compressed air energy storage transformer is connected to the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system as a power supply by controlling the trolley switch 15 to connect to the busbar. When the entire site is out of power or started, the backup power subsystem is connected to the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system as a power supply by controlling the trolley switch 16 to connect to the busbar.

[0087] When the target power grid loses voltage, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem 8 can provide power to the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the energy storage unit 35kV bus plant transformer through the trolley switch 11, and provide power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system through the bus of the backup plant power system 20 through the trolley switches 16 and 17, so that the energy storage power station can achieve black start.

[0088] It should be noted that the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the electrochemical energy storage subsystem are used as power supplies for the mutual plant electronic system. That is, the low-voltage side of the main transformer of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is used as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system, and the low-voltage side of the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is used as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system. This greatly reduces the loss of plant power energy in the process of being sent into the system through the main transformer and busbar, and improves the overall power utilization rate of the energy storage power station.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, before responding to the power plant power generation operation start instruction, the method further includes:

[0090] In response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge at a maximum charging current, and a second charging load charged to the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem;

[0091] When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and based on the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem, the operating power of the compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted to adjust the fourth charging load for charging the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the power station is charging, the expander, generator and excitation system in the compressed air energy storage subsystem are controlled to stop running, the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected, the motor outlet circuit breaker is closed, and the motor drives the compressor to compress the normal pressure gas into high-pressure gas and store it in the gas storage reservoir to realize the charging process of the compressed air energy storage subsystem. After the grid power supply is stepped down to 35kV by the main transformer, it is transmitted to the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, and the battery pack is charged by the bidirectional converter after being stepped down by the converging step-down transformer. During the charging process, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is charged with the maximum charging current first, and the charging load of the energy storage power station is adjusted by controlling the charging load (second charging load) of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, that is, the second charging load is adjusted according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem. When it is detected that the battery pack reaches the maximum charging voltage of the battery, the compressed air energy storage subsystem is charged first, and the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in constant voltage mode. The compressed air energy storage subsystem can adjust the charging load of the energy storage power station through the compressor power.

[0093] When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the compressed air energy storage subsystem is charged first, and the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode. The compressed air energy storage system can adjust the charging load of the energy storage power station through the compressor power, that is, according to the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem, the operating power of the compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted to adjust the charging load (fourth charging load) to the compressed air energy storage subsystem. Through the above charging method, the charging efficiency of the energy storage power station can be improved, and at the same time, flexible peak regulation can be achieved.

[0094] The factory power system is divided into three parts: the chemical energy storage subsystem is charged in a constant voltage mode, and the operating power of the compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem, so as to adjust the fourth charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0095] In one embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the step of controlling the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the frequency modulation requirement includes:

[0096] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency increase, determining a first power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0097] Increasing the active power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and when the active power increment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem does not satisfy the first power difference value, synchronously increasing the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station satisfies the first power difference value, until the active power increment satisfies the first power difference value, restoring the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the level before the power increase;

[0098] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency reduction, determining a second power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0099] The reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is increased until the real-time frequency of the target power grid is equal to the target frequency.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to cope with the sudden change in the frequency of the power system, it is necessary to monitor the frequency data of the system in real time to determine the frequency modulation demand. When the frequency modulation demand is frequency increase (the real-time frequency is less than the target frequency), the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are increased synchronously. Since the active power adjustment speed of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is slow, when the power adjustment amount of the compressed air energy storage subsystem cannot meet the first power difference value, the power difference is filled with the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station meets the first power difference value, thereby quickly achieving frequency modulation. However, since the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is in an over-rated power operation state at this time, a heating problem will occur for a long time. Therefore, when the power output increment (active power increment) of the compressed air energy storage subsystem meets the first power difference value, it is necessary to restore the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to before the power increase, so as to ensure the timeliness of frequency modulation while ensuring the life and safety of the battery pack. Among them, the frequency increase includes the power system frequency being lower than the set target frequency or adjusting the power to cope with new energy and load. When the frequency regulation requirement is to reduce the frequency (the real-time frequency is greater than the target frequency), the reactive power needs to be increased. At this time, only the reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem can be increased. Since the reactive power of the compressed air energy storage subsystem increases quickly, it can meet the response speed requirement of the frequency regulation.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, controlling the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the peak load demand includes:

[0102] When the peak-shaving demand is short-term peak-shaving, the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand;

[0103] When the peak-shaving demand is long-term peak-shaving, the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, peak shaving includes short-term peak shaving and long-term peak shaving. Short-term peak shaving refers to peak shaving with a period of less than one month, and may even be a day or a week. For example, the need to adjust the daily load changes of the power system, or to cope with load changes caused by emergencies such as natural disasters or equipment failures. In this case, it is possible to adjust only by adjusting the power output load of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to achieve rapid response of peak shaving. Long-term peak shaving refers to peak shaving with a period of up to or exceeding one month. For example, seasonal load changes, and load changes caused by joint scheduling of water resources management. In this case, peak shaving can be achieved only by adjusting the power output load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0105] The present invention provides an operation control method for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. In an embodiment of the present invention, in response to a power station power generation operation start-up instruction, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to start in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is synchronously controlled to start in a dynamic control mode; the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is started before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and the electric energy of the battery pack is sent to the target power grid at a constant discharge current; after the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started, the generator is driven to operate through an expander, and the electric energy output by the generator is sent to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted with the power load; the peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored, and the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are respectively controlled according to the peak shaving and the frequency regulation requirements, which greatly increases the degree of coordinated control of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem, fully utilizes the respective advantages of compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, realizes complementary advantages, and thus meets the requirements of response timeliness and stability of power grid operation.

[0106] Furthermore, as a response to the above Figure 1 The implementation of the method shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention provides an operation control system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, such as Figure 3 As shown, the system includes: a control module 31, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem 32 and a compressed air energy storage subsystem 33, wherein the electrochemical energy storage subsystem includes at least two battery packs, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes an expander and a generator;

[0107] The control module 31 is used to control the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to start in a constant discharge current mode in response to the power station power generation operation start instruction, and synchronously control the compressed air energy storage subsystem to start in a dynamic control mode;

[0108] The electrochemical energy storage subsystem 32 is used to complete the startup before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and send the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current;

[0109] The compressed air energy storage subsystem 33 is used to drive the generator to operate through the expander after the startup is completed, and send the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted according to the power load;

[0110] The control module 31 is also used to monitor the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements of the target power grid, and control the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem respectively according to the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements.

[0111] Furthermore, the system also includes a high-voltage busbar and a grid-connected circuit breaker, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem includes a bidirectional converter, a busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer and an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a generator outlet circuit breaker, a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer and a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker;

[0112] The control module 31 is also used to control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary boosting, and the electric energy after primary boosting is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary boosting, and the electric energy after secondary boosting is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker;

[0113] Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

[0114] Further, the system also includes a compressed air energy storage plant electronic system, an electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system and a backup power supply subsystem;

[0115] The control module 31 is also used to monitor the operating state of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0116] If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system;

[0117] In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station;

[0118] In the event of a full-site power outage or full-site startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

[0119] Furthermore, the compressed air energy storage subsystem 33 also includes a compressor;

[0120] The control system is further used to control the chemical energy storage subsystem to charge with a maximum charging current in response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, and to adjust a second charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem;

[0121] When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and the operating power of the compressor is adjusted according to the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem to adjust the fourth charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0122] Furthermore, the control module 31 is further configured to determine a first power difference value according to a real-time frequency and a target frequency when the frequency modulation requirement is to increase the frequency;

[0123] Increasing the active power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and when the active power increment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem does not satisfy the first power difference value, synchronously increasing the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station satisfies the first power difference value, until the real-time power increment satisfies the first power difference value, restoring the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the value before the power increase;

[0124] When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency reduction, determining a second power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency;

[0125] The reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is increased until the real-time frequency of the target power grid is equal to the target frequency.

[0126] Furthermore, the control module 31 is also used to keep the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem unchanged when the peak-shaving demand is short-term peak-shaving, and adjust the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem according to the peak-shaving demand;

[0127] When the peak-shaving demand is long-term peak-shaving, the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand.

[0128] The present invention provides an operation control system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage. In an embodiment of the present invention, a control module responds to a power station power generation operation start-up instruction, controls the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to start in a constant discharge current mode, and synchronously controls the compressed air energy storage subsystem to start in a dynamic control mode; the electrochemical energy storage subsystem completes the start-up before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and sends the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid with a constant discharge current; after the compressed air energy storage subsystem completes the start-up, the generator is driven to operate by an expander, and the electric energy output by the generator is sent to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted with the power load; and the peak shaving and frequency modulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored by the control module, and the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are respectively controlled according to the peak shaving and the frequency modulation requirements, thereby greatly increasing the degree of coordinated control of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem, making full use of the respective advantages of compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, achieving complementary advantages, and thus meeting the requirements of response timeliness and stability of power grid operation.

[0129] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing system, they can be concentrated on a single computing system, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing systems, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing system, so that they can be stored in a storage system and executed by the computing system, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0130] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the operation of compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, characterized in that: include: In response to a power plant power generation operation start-up instruction, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to start in a constant discharge current mode, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is synchronously controlled to start in a dynamic control mode; The electrochemical energy storage subsystem starts up before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and sends the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current; After the compressed air energy storage subsystem is started up, the expander drives the generator to run, and the electric energy output by the generator is sent to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted according to the power load; The peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements of the target power grid are monitored, and the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem are controlled respectively according to the peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of delivering the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current comprises: Control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary boosting, and the electric energy after primary boosting is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary boosting, and the electric energy after secondary boosting is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker; The step of transmitting the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid comprises: Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: Monitor the operating status of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, control the corresponding switch state to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system; If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system; In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station; In the event of a full-site power outage or full-site startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before responding to the power plant power generation operation start instruction, the method further includes: In response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge at a maximum charging current, and a second charging load charged to the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem; When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and based on the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem, the operating power of the compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted to adjust the fourth charging load for charging the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlling the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the frequency modulation requirement includes: When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency increase, determining a first power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency; Increasing the active power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and when the active power increment of the compressed air energy storage subsystem does not satisfy the first power difference value, synchronously increasing the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem so that the total output power of the power station satisfies the first power difference value, until the real-time power increment satisfies the first power difference value, restoring the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to the value before the power increase; When the frequency modulation requirement is frequency reduction, determining a second power difference value according to the real-time frequency and the target frequency; The reactive power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is increased until the real-time frequency of the target power grid is equal to the target frequency.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The controlling the power supply output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the peak load demand includes: When the peak-shaving demand is short-term peak-shaving, the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand; When the peak-shaving demand is long-term peak-shaving, the power output of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is kept unchanged, and the power output of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is adjusted according to the peak-shaving demand.

7. An operation control system for compressed air energy storage coupled with electrochemical energy storage, characterized in that: include: A control module, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem and a compressed air energy storage subsystem, wherein the electrochemical energy storage subsystem includes at least two battery packs, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes an expander and a generator; The control module is used to control the electrochemical energy storage subsystem to start in a constant discharge current mode in response to a power station power generation operation start-up instruction, and synchronously control the compressed air energy storage subsystem to start in a dynamic control mode; The electrochemical energy storage subsystem is used to complete the startup before the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and send the electric energy of the battery pack to the target power grid at a constant discharge current; The compressed air energy storage subsystem is used to drive the generator to operate through the expander after the startup is completed, and send the electric energy output by the generator to the target power grid, wherein during the operation of the generator, the output power of the generator is dynamically adjusted according to the power load; The control module is also used to monitor the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements of the target power grid, and to control the power supply outputs of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem and the compressed air energy storage subsystem respectively according to the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation requirements.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The system also includes a high-voltage busbar and a grid-connected circuit breaker, the electrochemical energy storage subsystem includes a bidirectional converter, a busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit, an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer and an electrochemical energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a generator outlet circuit breaker, a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer and a compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker; The control module is also used to control the closing of the main transformer circuit breaker and the grid-connected circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so that the electric energy of the battery pack is output to the busbar booster transformer of the energy storage unit via the bidirectional converter for primary boosting, and the electric energy after primary boosting is output to the main transformer of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem for secondary boosting, and the electric energy after secondary boosting is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the main transformer circuit breaker of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker; Control the closing of the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker and the generator output circuit breaker so that the electric energy output by the generator is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer via the generator output circuit breaker for boosting. The boosted electric energy output by the generator is sequentially sent to the target power grid via the compressed air energy storage subsystem main transformer circuit breaker, the high-voltage busbar and the grid-connected circuit breaker.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The system also includes a compressed air energy storage plant electronic system, an electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system and a backup power subsystem; The control module is also used to monitor the operating state of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system. When the power supply of the plant transformer branch of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, if the power supply output of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem as the power supply of the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system; If the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection busbar of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem is abnormal, and the power supply output of the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is normal, the corresponding switch state is controlled to use the plant transformer branch of the compressed air energy storage subsystem as the power supply for the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system; In the case of a loss of pressure in the target power grid, the corresponding switch state is controlled to supply power to the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system through the plant transformer branch of the energy storage unit collection bus of the electrochemical energy storage subsystem, so as to complete the black start of the power station; In the event of a full-site power outage or full-site startup, the corresponding switch status is controlled to enable the backup power subsystem to serve as the power supply for the compressed air energy storage plant electronic system and the electrochemical energy storage plant electronic system.

10. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The compressed air energy storage subsystem also includes a compressor; The control system is further used to control the chemical energy storage subsystem to charge with a maximum charging current in response to a charging operation instruction of the power station, and to adjust a second charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem according to the total charging load of the power station and the first charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem; When the battery pack of the chemical energy storage subsystem reaches the maximum charging voltage, the chemical energy storage subsystem is controlled to charge in a constant voltage mode, and the operating power of the compressor is adjusted according to the total charging load and the third charging load of the chemical energy storage subsystem to adjust the fourth charging load of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

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