Small-section underground excavation tunnel muck transportation device

Abstract

The invention relates to a muck transportation device for a small-section underground excavation tunnel. The muck transportation device comprises a conveying device arranged along the length of the tunnel and increasing along with the length of the tunnel, a driving device used for providing driving force and a supporting device used for supporting the conveying device and the driving device. The muck transportation device has the advantages of efficiently and safely transporting muck, improving the tunnel construction efficiency and being suitable for small-section underground excavation tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel muck transportation, and in particular to a muck transportation device for a small-section dark-dig tunnel. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is a structure built underground, underwater or in a mountain for laying railways or building roads for motor vehicles to pass through. According to their location, they can be divided into three categories: mountain tunnels, underwater tunnels and urban tunnels. Mountain tunnels are those that pass under mountains or hills to shorten the distance and avoid steep slopes; underwater tunnels are those that pass under rivers or seabeds to cross rivers or straits; and urban tunnels are those that pass underground in cities to meet the needs of railways passing through large cities.

[0003] Tunnel excavation methods are divided into open-cut and dark-cut methods. Open-cut methods are mostly used for shallow tunnels or urban railway tunnels, while dark-cut methods are mostly used for mountain railway tunnels. According to the size and location of the excavation section, there are partial excavation and full-section excavation methods. The drilling and blasting method is the most widely used in rocky rock formations, and direct excavation using a tunnel boring machine is also gradually being promoted. Shield excavation is more commonly used in soft geology.

[0004] The drilling and blasting method is a construction method that drills holes in the rock face of the tunnel, loads explosives and blasts them, and uses full-section excavation or partial excavation to shape the tunnel. Full-section excavation and partial excavation are commonly used methods of drilling and blasting, but tunnel construction is very complicated and often encounters various difficult situations, such as large faults, quicksand, expansive strata, karst caves, large amounts of water, etc., and corresponding measures need to be taken.

[0005] The shield method is a tunnel construction method that uses a shield as a construction machine. The shield method is suitable for soft strata, is safe to construct, causes little disturbance to the strata, accurately controls the surrounding rock, and rarely over-excavates.

[0006] The tunnel boring machine method is a construction method that uses a continuous excavation linkage machine on the entire tunnel section.

[0007] At present, when digging tunnels, the excavated soil needs to be transported out through other transportation devices, which requires a lot of manpower and material resources and increases costs. During excavation, the soil falls on the front of the vehicle, causing inconvenience to the vehicle's forward movement. The transportation of this part of the soil is due to the limitation of tunnel space, which brings inconvenience to the operation.

[0008] For example, a tunnel boring machine. The main technical principle of this patent is to use a soil conveying device to transport the soil on the front side of the tunnel boring machine to the rear side for centralized processing, so that the front of the tunnel boring machine always remains clean and the soil will not spill during the transportation process, thereby achieving maintenance and cleaning of the tunnel boring machine.

[0009] The above-mentioned conveying device has poor structural stability and is not suitable for transporting tunnel slag in a narrow cross-section tunnel, and the slag transportation efficiency is poor. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to facilitate the transportation of debris in a small space and improve the efficiency of debris transportation, the present application provides a debris transportation device for a small-section dark-excavated tunnel.

[0011] The present application provides a small-section underground tunnel slag transportation device that adopts the following technical solution: A small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device, comprising: A conveying device, which is arranged along the length of the tunnel and includes a conveying member, which transports the debris in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel, and the length of the conveying member increases with the length of the tunnel; A driving device, the driving device providing driving force to the conveying member; The supporting device is arranged on both sides of the conveying member to support the conveying device and the driving device.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging supporting devices on both sides of the conveying member, the conveying device and the driving device are stably supported, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the device during transportation. After installation, the length of the conveying member can increase with the length of the tunnel, which enables the device to flexibly adapt to tunnels of different lengths, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the device. At the same time, the debris in the tunnel is continuously transported to the outside of the tunnel through the conveying device arranged along the length of the tunnel, thereby avoiding the problem of frequent shutdowns for cleaning debris in traditional methods, thereby improving the efficiency of debris transportation.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying member has a certain degree of ductility.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the conveying parts have a certain degree of ductility. The tunnel may undergo a certain degree of deformation during the construction process. The conveying parts have a certain degree of ductility to better adapt to this deformation and maintain the continuity and stability of the conveying function. During the transportation of slag, the conveying parts will be affected by the dynamic loads from the driving device and the slag. The ductility can buffer these loads to a certain extent and reduce the impact on the conveying device and the supporting device. The conveying parts with ductility can adjust the length more flexibly during installation to adapt to tunnels of different lengths and improve the transportation efficiency of slag.

[0015] Preferably, the conveying member is composed of a plurality of conveying segments, and two adjacent conveying segments are detachably connected via a connecting member, and the number of the conveying segments is determined according to the depth of the tunnel.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the conveying member is detachably connected by multiple conveying segments through connecting members, and the number of transmission segments is determined according to the depth of the tunnel. By adjusting the number of transmission segments, it can flexibly adapt to tunnels of different depths, so that the total length of the conveying member matches the tunnel depth. The detachable connection method allows the conveying segments to be transported and installed in sections, which simplifies the operation difficulty in narrow and long tunnels with limited space. At the same time, each conveying segment adopts standardized design and manufacturing to reduce the cost of use.

[0017] Preferably, the connecting member includes a connecting shaft and a fastener, the connecting shaft is arranged along the length direction of the splicing line of two adjacent conveying sections, the fastener has a connecting hole sleeved on the connecting shaft and is detachably connected to the connecting shaft, and the fastener is fastened to the end of the conveying section.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, through the combination of connecting shaft and fastener, a fast and flexible connection between the transmission sections can be achieved, which is convenient for adjusting the transmission configuration according to actual needs. The connecting shaft and the fastener are detachably connected, and the two transmission sections can be quickly connected, which reduces the installation and disassembly time and improves work efficiency and response speed.

[0019] Preferably, the position where the fastener is connected to the conveying section is arranged to be U-shaped and clamped on both sides of the end of the conveying section.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the position where the fastener is connected to the conveying section is set to be U-shaped, and clamped on both sides of the end of the conveying section can fit tightly on both sides of the end of the conveying section, providing a larger contact area, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection, reducing vibration and looseness during the transmission process, and improving the reliability of the entire transmission system.

[0021] Preferably, no less than two fasteners are arranged along the end of the conveying section, and the fasteners are evenly arranged along the end of the conveying section.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution and setting two or more fasteners, double or multiple locking can be achieved, thereby greatly improving the connection stability and reliability between the transmission sections. By setting multiple fasteners at the end of the transmission section, the stress points at the connection can be dispersed to avoid damage or breakage caused by excessive stress at a single point, thereby enhancing the stability of the overall structure.

[0023] Preferably, the driving device includes a driving member and a driven member arranged at both ends of the conveying member, and an auxiliary transmission member arranged in the middle of the conveying member, and the driving member, the driven member and the auxiliary transmission member are all driven by a driving member.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving device is arranged into an active part, a driven part and an auxiliary transmission part. Through the coordinated action of the active part, the driven part and the auxiliary transmission part, it is ensured that the transmission part can obtain a uniform and stable driving force throughout the entire length range, thereby improving the transmission efficiency, and then improving the efficiency of slag transportation. Using one driving part to drive the active part, the driven part and the auxiliary transmission part at the same time simplifies the driving structure and reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0025] Preferably, the supporting device includes a main supporting plate and an extension plate, the main supporting plates are arranged at both ends of the conveying member, a plurality of extension plates are arranged between the main supporting plates, adjacent plates are connected and fixed by fixing members, and the auxiliary transmission members are evenly arranged on the main supporting plates and the extension plates.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution and the design of the extension plate, it is possible to easily increase or decrease the length of the conveyor according to the length requirements, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the length of the support device. The main support plates are arranged at both ends of the conveyor to ensure the overall stability of the conveyor. At the same time, the multiple settings of the extension plates between the main support plates further subdivide the support points, making the support more uniform and stable. The uniform arrangement of the auxiliary transmission parts on the main support plates and the extension plates ensures the uniform distribution of the transmission force, effectively improving the transmission efficiency.

[0027] Preferably, the connection between the main support plate and the extension plate is configured to be wedge-shaped.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the wedge-shaped connection design can utilize its unique shape to achieve a tighter fit, thereby forming a more stable connection between the main support plate and the extension plate.

[0029] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By arranging supporting devices on both sides of the conveying member, the conveying device and the driving device are stably supported to ensure the stability and reliability of the device during transportation. After installation, the length of the conveying member can increase with the length of the tunnel, which enables the device to flexibly adapt to tunnels of different lengths, improving the versatility and flexibility of the device. At the same time, the slag in the tunnel is continuously transported to the outside of the tunnel through the conveying device arranged along the length of the tunnel, avoiding the problem of frequent shutdown for cleaning of slag in traditional methods, thereby improving the efficiency of slag transportation; 2. The conveyor is composed of multiple conveyor segments connected detachably by connecting pieces, and the number of transmission segments is determined according to the depth of the tunnel. By adjusting the number of transmission segments, it can flexibly adapt to tunnels of different depths, so that the total length of the conveyor matches the tunnel depth. The detachable connection method allows the conveyor segments to be transported and installed in sections, simplifying the difficulty of operation in narrow and long tunnels with limited space. At the same time, each conveyor segment adopts standardized design and manufacturing to reduce the cost of use; 3. The driving device is configured to include an active part, a driven part and an auxiliary transmission part. Through the coordinated action of the active part, the driven part and the auxiliary transmission part, it is ensured that the transmission part can obtain a uniform and stable driving force throughout the entire length range, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and further improving the efficiency of soil transportation. Using one driving part to drive the active part, the driven part and the auxiliary transmission part at the same time simplifies the driving structure and reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. 4. The design of the extension plate can be easily increased or decreased according to the length requirements of the conveyor, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the length of the support device. The main support plates are arranged at both ends of the conveyor to ensure the overall stability of the conveyor. At the same time, the multiple settings of the extension plates between the main support plates further subdivide the support points, making the support more uniform and stable. The uniform arrangement of the auxiliary transmission parts on the main support plates and the extension plates ensures the uniform distribution of the transmission force and effectively improves the transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a small-section dark-excavated tunnel slag transportation device of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a small-section dark-excavated tunnel slag transportation device.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor baffle.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support device structure when the tunnel is a curved tunnel.

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view.

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Conveying device; 11. Conveying member; 111. Conveying section; 1111. Baffle; 112. Connecting member; 1121. Connecting shaft; 1122. Fastener; 2. Driving device; 21. Active member; 22. Driven member; 23. Auxiliary transmission member; 3. Supporting device; 31. Main supporting plate; 32. Extension plate; 33. Fixing member; 34. Rotating groove; 35. Positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The present application embodiment discloses a small-section dark-excavated tunnel slag transportation device. Figure 1 The small-section dark-excavated tunnel slag transportation device includes a conveying device 1, a driving device 2 and a supporting device. The conveying device 1 is arranged along the length of the tunnel, and the conveying member 11 transports the slag in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. The length of the conveying member 11 increases with the length of the tunnel. The driving device 2 provides driving force to the conveying member 11, and the supporting device is arranged on both sides of the conveying member 11 to support the conveying device 1 and the driving device 2, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the slag transportation device, ensuring that the slag is continuously transported to the outside of the tunnel, thereby improving the slag transportation efficiency.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 Specifically, the conveying device 1 includes a conveying member 11, which is arranged along the length of the tunnel. The conveying member 11 transports the slag in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. The conveying member 11 is composed of a plurality of conveying sections 111, and the number of conveying sections 111 is determined according to the depth of the tunnel. Two adjacent conveying sections 111 are detachably connected by a connecting member 112. The conveying section 111 can adopt a chain plate type or belt type continuous conveying equipment, which is selected and designed according to the specific conditions of the tunnel and the properties of the slag. For example, in one embodiment, a specific embodiment of a chain plate conveyor belt can be formed by connecting a plurality of chain plates, each chain plate is made of high-strength alloy steel material, and the surface is quenched to enhance wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The chain plate conveyor belt can adopt a chain plate made of high-strength alloy steel, each chain plate is 100 mm wide and 8 mm thick, and the connection between the chain plates adopts a high-strength welding method to ensure the transmission effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, a belt conveyor structure is adopted. The belt conveyor is made of high-strength wear-resistant rubber material with good tensile strength and toughness, which is suitable for long-term use in the tunnel. The material of the conveying member 11 should be wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant to adapt to the harsh environment in the tunnel. A baffle 1111 is set on the conveying surface of each conveying section 111 to facilitate the transportation of slag to the outside of the tunnel. Figure 3 In one embodiment, the baffle 1111 is rotatably connected to the belt. Specifically, mounting plates perpendicular to the belt are fixedly arranged on both sides of the belt. The baffle 1111 is rotatably connected to the mounting plates, which facilitates the transportation of the slag when the tunnel turns. When the baffle 1111 is rotatably connected to the mounting plates, a fixed structure is arranged between them. Specifically, a fixing groove can be arranged between the baffle 1111 and the rotating shaft, and a fixing rod adapted to the fixing groove is arranged at the rotating shaft. Two fixing grooves are vertically opened, one of which is arranged parallel to the height direction of the baffle. When in use, the fixing rod is inserted into the fixing groove to achieve the vertical and flat adjustment of the baffle.

[0040] The connecting piece 112 between the transmission sections 111 includes a connecting shaft 1121 and a fastener 1122. The connecting shaft 1121 is arranged along the length direction of the splicing line of the two transmission sections 111. The fastener 1122 has a connecting hole sleeved on the connecting shaft 1121 and is detachably connected to the connecting shaft 1121. The fastener 1122 is fastened to the end of the transmission section 111. The connecting shaft 1121 is made of high-strength alloy steel and can withstand high tension and shear forces to ensure the reliability of the connection. The fastener 1122 can be a nut or a buckle. The nut has a simple structure and a reliable connection; the buckle is more convenient and quick, and is suitable for frequent disassembly and assembly scenarios. Specifically, the connecting shaft 1121 can be cylindrical or hexagonal, and the appropriate shape can be selected according to needs; in this embodiment, the connecting shaft 1121 is cylindrical.

[0041] The combination of the connecting shaft 1121 and the fastener 1122 makes the connection quick and firm, and is also very convenient when it needs to be disassembled, which significantly improves the operating efficiency. The position where the fastener 1122 is connected to the transmission section 111 is set to be U-shaped and clamped on both sides of the end of the transmission section 111. No less than two fasteners 1122 are set along the end of the transmission section 111 and are evenly distributed. This design makes the connection more stable and reliable. The fastener 1122 can be made of stainless steel or high-strength alloy to ensure the strength and durability of the connection part. The connection of the transmission section 111 is completed by at least two fasteners 1122, which can effectively disperse the stress points and avoid damage caused by single-point stress. The evenly distributed fasteners 1122 make the connection of the entire transmission section 111 more uniform and stable.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the driving device 2 uses a sprocket and chain to transmit the driving force. The driving device 2 includes an active member 21 and a driven member 22 arranged at both ends of the conveying member 11, and an auxiliary transmission member 23 arranged in the middle of the conveying member 11. The active member 21, the driven member 22 and the auxiliary transmission member 23 are driven by a driving member respectively, forming an efficient driving force transmission system. The driving member can be an electric motor or an engine, the active member 21 uses a sprocket made of high-strength alloy steel, the driven member 22 also uses a sprocket made of the same material, and the auxiliary transmission member 23 can be an idler wheel or a transition wheel. For example, the motor power can be 5kW, the sprocket diameter is 200mm, and the chain uses highly wear-resistant alloy steel links. The motor is a three-phase AC motor with a frequency of 50Hz, which can generate sufficient torque to ensure the normal operation of the conveying member 11. The sprocket is made of high-strength alloy steel material, and the surface is carburized to improve wear resistance and fatigue resistance. The chain consists of high-strength alloy steel links and chain shafts, and the link spacing can be adjusted according to the size of the conveying member 11.

[0043] Reference Figure 1The support device 3 includes a main support plate 31 and an extension plate 32. The main support plate 31 is arranged at both ends of the conveying member 11. A plurality of extension plates 32 are arranged and arranged between the main support plates 31. The two adjacent plates are connected and fixed by a fixing member 33. The auxiliary transmission member 23 is evenly arranged on the main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32. The connection between the main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32 is set in a wedge shape to make the connection tighter and more stable. The main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32 are both made of steel plates. The thickness of the main support plate 31 is 10 mm, and the thickness of the extension plate 32 is 8 mm. The fixing member 33 includes bolts and nuts. The diameter of the bolt is 12 mm, and the length can be adjusted as needed. In this way, the length of the support device 3 can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby improving the adaptability of the device.

[0044] The wedge-shaped connection can be designed with a bevel or a plane. For example, in a specific embodiment of the wedge-shaped connection, the contact surface between the main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32 is designed as a bevel with a certain angle, and a stable connection is achieved by wedge clamping. This wedge-shaped connection has good stress distribution characteristics and effectively improves the structural rigidity of the entire support device 3. For example, the main support plate 31 is made of a 10mm thick steel plate, and is wedge-shapedly connected with the extension plates 32 on both sides by a bevel matching design. The extension plates 32 are made of an 8mm thick steel plate. The wedge-shaped connection is fixed by bolts to ensure the tightness of the connection.

[0045] In this embodiment, the wedge shape is plane-matched, and the fixing member 33 is arranged as a fixing steel plate away from the side of the conveying member 11 , and the fixing steel plate fixes the main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32 by screws.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 In another embodiment, the tunnel is bent. In this case, the main support plate 31 and the extension plate 32 are rotatably arranged. In this case, the driving device adopts belt transmission, and the extension plate is provided with a wheel for belt transmission.

[0047] refer to Figure 5 Specifically, a rotation axis is set between two adjacent extension plates 32, and is fixed by a rotation groove 34 set on the top of the plate. In this embodiment, the rotation groove can be set into three grooves. Specifically, one groove is set parallel to the length direction of the plate, and the other two grooves are set symmetrically with the first groove. The angle between the two grooves is set to 60-90°. A positioning rod 35 is set on the plate opposite to the rotation groove. The positioning rod 35 is slidably connected to the plate through a compression spring. When the extension plate is adjusted to the corresponding groove, it is fixed by the positioning rod.

[0048] The implementation principle of a small-section underground tunnel slag transportation device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: by arranging support devices 3 on both sides of the conveying member 11, the conveying device 1 and the driving device 2 are stably supported to ensure the stability and reliability of the device during transportation. After installation, the length of the conveying member 11 can increase with the length of the tunnel, which enables the device to flexibly adapt to tunnels of different lengths, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the device. At the same time, the slag in the tunnel is continuously transported to the outside of the tunnel through the conveying device 1 arranged along the length of the tunnel, thereby avoiding the problem of frequent shutdowns for cleaning slag in traditional methods, thereby improving the efficiency of slag transportation.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A small-section underground tunnel muck transportation device, characterized in that: include: A conveying device (1), the conveying device (1) is arranged along the length of the tunnel, and comprises a conveying member (11), the conveying member (11) transports the slag in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel, and the length of the conveying member (11) increases with the length of the tunnel; A driving device (2), wherein the driving device (2) provides a driving force for the conveying member (11); A supporting device (3) is arranged on both sides of the conveying member (11) to support the conveying device (1) and the driving device (2).

2. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The conveying member (11) has a certain degree of ductility.

3. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The transmission member (11) is composed of a plurality of transmission sections (111), two adjacent transmission sections (111) are detachably connected via a connecting member (112), and the number of transmission sections is determined according to the depth of the tunnel.

4. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The connecting member (112) comprises a connecting shaft (1121) and a fastener (1122); the connecting shaft (1121) is arranged along the length direction of the splicing line of two adjacent conveying sections (111); the fastener (1122) has a connecting hole sleeved on the connecting shaft (1121) and is detachably connected to the connecting shaft (1121); and the fastener (1122) is fastened to the end of the conveying section (111).

5. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The position where the fastener (1122) is connected to the conveying section (111) is arranged in a U shape and is clamped on both sides of the end of the conveying section (111).

6. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 5 is characterized by: No less than two of the fasteners (1122) are arranged along the end of the conveying section (111), and the fasteners (1122) are evenly arranged along the end of the conveying section (111).

7. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving device (2) comprises a driving member (21) and a driven member (22) arranged at both ends of the transmission member (11), and an auxiliary transmission member (23) arranged in the middle of the transmission member (11); the driving member (21), the driven member (22) and the auxiliary transmission member (23) are all driven by a driving member.

8. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The supporting device (3) comprises a main supporting plate (31) and an extension plate (32); the main supporting plate (31) is arranged at both ends of the conveying member (11); a plurality of extension plates (32) are arranged between the main supporting plates (31); two adjacent plates are connected and fixed by a fixing member (33); and the auxiliary transmission member (23) is evenly arranged on the main supporting plate (31) and the extension plate (32).

9. The small-section dark-excavated tunnel muck transportation device according to claim 8 is characterized by: The connection between the main support plate (31) and the extension plate (32) is configured to be wedge-shaped.

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