Network construction type wind turbine generator hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method and system for a network construction type wind turbine generator. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a pneumatic model, a mechanical model and a control model of the wind turbine generator in Bladed software; building a wind turbine generator electrical part, a power grid short-circuit ratio adjustable device, a load simulation device, an energy storage device and a power grid simulator model in the RT-LAB simulation platform; and secondly, carrying out simulation test on the low-short-circuit-ratio operation characteristics of the network construction type wind turbine generator through the constructed hardware-in-the-loop platform. According to the method, simulation verification can be carried out on the low-short-circuit-ratio operation characteristic control parameters of the grid-forming type wind turbine generator set, and then the optimal control logic is determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of low short-circuit ratio operating characteristic testing of wind turbines, and in particular relates to a hardware-in-the-loop simulation testing method and system for a grid-type wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] At present, most of the conventional wind turbines that have been put into operation are grid-following wind turbines, which use a phase-locked loop to track the phase angle of their AC bus voltage to keep them synchronized with the grid. As the proportion of new energy in the power system increases, the lack of inertial support, improper design of control strategies for power electronic equipment, and long-distance power transmission have resulted in a weak grid environment, i.e. a smaller short-circuit ratio of the grid.

[0004] Grid-connected wind turbines can present voltage source control and self-synchronous grid characteristics to the outside world, directly control their output voltage amplitude and phase, simulate the rotor motion equation of synchronous generator sets, provide inertial support, and reshape their own impedance to reduce the risk of broadband oscillations in new power systems under weak grid environments.

[0005] In order to verify the operating characteristics of grid-connected wind turbines in a low short-circuit ratio operating environment of the power grid, it is necessary to build a hardware-in-the-loop simulation model for the grid-connected wind turbines and their test simulation environment, and determine the optimal control strategy of the grid-connected wind turbines through hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

[0006] Currently, there is a lack of methods for performing hardware-in-the-loop simulation on grid-connected wind turbines to verify the operating characteristics of grid-connected wind turbines in a low short-circuit ratio operating environment of the power grid. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method and system for a grid-type wind turbine generator set, which can simulate and verify the low short-circuit ratio operating characteristic control parameters of the grid-type wind turbine generator set and thus determine the optimal control logic.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method for a grid-type wind turbine generator system, comprising:

[0010] Based on the Bladed simulation platform, a grid-type wind turbine model including the pneumatic part, mechanical part and control part of the wind turbine was built;

[0011] A grid-type wind turbine test environment is built based on the RT-LAB simulation platform; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes an adjustable short-circuit ratio device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device;

[0012] The grid-type wind turbine model outputs the generator speed to the grid-type wind turbine test environment to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-type wind turbine;

[0013] According to the operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio, the grid-type wind turbine generator set test environment sends a control instruction to the converter controller, and receives a feedback signal from the converter controller to perform a simulation test to obtain a simulation test result.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test system for a grid-type wind turbine generator set, comprising: a Bladed simulation platform, an RT-LAB simulation platform and a converter controller;

[0015] The Bladed simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine model including a pneumatic part, a mechanical part and a control part of a wind turbine;

[0016] The RT-LAB simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine test environment; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes a short-circuit ratio adjustable device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device;

[0017] The Bladed simulation platform is also used to output the generator speed to the RT-LAB simulation platform to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-forming wind turbine;

[0018] The RT-LAB simulation platform is also used to send control instructions to the converter controller and receive feedback signals from the converter controller to simulate and test the operating characteristics of the grid-connected wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in the first aspect is performed.

[0020] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the present invention, the pneumatic, mechanical and control models of the wind turbine are built in the Bladed software; the electrical part of the wind turbine, the adjustable short-circuit ratio device of the power grid, the load simulation device, the energy storage device, and the power grid simulator model are built in the RT-LAB simulation platform; secondly, the low short-circuit ratio operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine are simulated and tested through the built hardware-in-the-loop platform. The present invention can simulate and verify the control parameters of the low short-circuit ratio operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine and then determine the optimal control logic.

[0022] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a grid-type wind turbine generator set and its test simulation environment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a power grid simulator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a load impedance simulation device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0029] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0030] Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) is a semi-physical simulation developed on the basis of physical simulation and digital simulation. It is a typical semi-physical simulation method based on the device under test and the environment, which realizes the function of a certain device or external environment. In the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test, the actual device or environment is replaced by a simulation model, which forms a closed-loop test system together with the real controller through an interface. Components that are difficult to establish mathematical models (such as the inverter system) can be retained in the closed-loop system, so that the controller can be tested in a laboratory environment, and limit tests, fault tests, and tests that are expensive or impossible to carry out in the actual environment can be carried out.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] This embodiment discloses a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method for a grid-type wind turbine generator system, including:

[0033] Based on the Bladed simulation platform, a grid-type wind turbine model including the pneumatic part, mechanical part and control part of the wind turbine was built;

[0034] A grid-type wind turbine test environment is built based on the RT-LAB simulation platform; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes an adjustable short-circuit ratio device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device;

[0035] The grid-type wind turbine model outputs the generator speed to the grid-type wind turbine test environment to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-type wind turbine;

[0036] According to the operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio, the grid-type wind turbine generator set test environment sends a control instruction to the converter controller, and receives a feedback signal from the converter controller to perform a simulation test to obtain a simulation test result.

[0037] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 A hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method for a grid-connected wind turbine set proposed in this embodiment is described in detail, specifically including:

[0038] Step 1: First, build the wind turbine aerodynamic model, mechanical part and control part in the Bladed software; build the wind turbine electrical part, power grid part, power grid short-circuit ratio adjustable device, load simulation device, energy storage device, and power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform.

[0039] Among them, the adjustable short-circuit ratio device of the power grid in the RT-LAB simulation platform has the ability to dynamically adjust the impedance value, and the impedance variation range covers the short-circuit ratio range of the test.

[0040] The energy storage device in the RT-LAB simulation platform is used to test the black start capability of grid-connected wind turbines when the power grid is out of power. The energy storage device can also be a generator or UPS.

[0041] The power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform includes voltage drop and increase devices for impedance voltage division and resistance-capacitance voltage boosting, as well as devices with the functions of generating voltage deviation, frequency deviation, frequency change rate, three-phase voltage unbalance, voltage fluctuation and flicker, harmonic voltage, phase angle voltage, and impedance scanning.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the power grid simulator includes a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel, the first branch is connected in series with a disturbance device such as voltage and frequency, and the second branch is connected in series with a current-limiting reactance; the disturbance device and the current-limiting reactance are respectively provided with bypass switches CB4 and CB5; the third branch and the fourth branch are respectively connected to the second branch at one end and grounded at the other end, the third branch is connected in series with a switch CB3 and a voltage-dividing reactance, and the fourth branch is connected in series with a switch CB2 and a boost capacitor.

[0043] The load simulation device in the RT-LAB simulation platform includes passive loads and active loads, and the capacity ratio of passive loads and active loads needs to meet the requirements.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the load simulation device includes a first branch, a switch CB6 is connected in series on the first branch, a passive load is connected to the first branch through a switch CB7, and an active load is connected to one end of the switch CB6 close to the power grid and the other end of the switch CB6 through switches CB9 and CB8 respectively.

[0045] The test items of grid-connected wind turbines in a low short-circuit ratio environment mainly include starting and connecting to the grid, stable operation capability, transient voltage support, inertia response and primary frequency regulation test, active damping control, mode switching, independent load operation, and black start.

[0046] The short-circuit ratio adjustable device, power grid simulator and load simulation device in the RT-LAB simulation platform have a bypass switch. When the bypass switch is needed, it is disconnected, and when it is not needed, the bypass switch is closed.

[0047] Step 2: Communicate, start and connect the grid-connected wind turbines to the Bladed simulation platform, RT-LAB simulation platform and converter controller in the test simulation environment.

[0048] The Bladed simulation platform can simulate the aerodynamics, mechanics and control of grid-type wind turbines, and output the generator speed to the RT-LAB simulation platform to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of grid-type wind turbines.

[0049] The grid-building wind turbine converter controller has the grid-following control capability and can switch freely between grid-building and grid-following according to instructions.

[0050] The Bladed simulation platform and the grid-type wind turbine converter controller transmit speed, torque, voltage, current, frequency and other signals to each other, so that the control part of the Bladed simulation platform can send control and torque instructions to the converter controller and receive the status, voltage, current, frequency and torque feedback of the converter controller.

[0051] Step 3: Based on the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test platform, the operation characteristics of the grid-connected wind turbine under low short-circuit ratio are simulated. The test items mainly include starting and connecting to the grid, stable operation capability, transient voltage support, inertia response and primary frequency regulation test, active damping control, mode switching, independent load operation, and black start.

[0052] In step 3, the steps to start the grid connection test are:

[0053] Step 311: disconnect the bypass switch CB1 of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform and set different short-circuit ratios.

[0054] Step 312: Close the bypass switch CB4 of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform.

[0055] Step 313: The Bladed simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller activates the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation.

[0056] If the grid-connected wind turbine is disconnected from the grid, adjust the simulation parameters.

[0057] In step 3, the stable operation capability test steps are:

[0058] Step 321: disconnect the bypass switch CB1 of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform, and set the short-circuit ratio to 1.2;

[0059] Step 322: disconnect the bypass switch CB4 of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform;

[0060] Step 323: repeat step 313;

[0061] Step 324: Change the voltage deviation, frequency deviation, three-phase voltage imbalance, flicker, and harmonics on the high-voltage side of the grid-connected wind turbine generator set through the voltage, frequency, and other disturbance devices in the grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform.

[0062] If the grid-connected wind turbine is disconnected from the grid, adjust the simulation parameters.

[0063] In step 3, the transient voltage support test steps are:

[0064] Step 331: Repeat steps 321 to 323.

[0065] Step 332: Disconnect the bypass switch CB5 of the current-limiting reactor in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform, close the series switch CB3 of the voltage-sharing reactor, reduce the three-phase voltage on the high-voltage side of the electrical part, and after the test is completed, disconnect CB3 first and then close CB5, and record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part.

[0066] Step 333: Disconnect the bypass switch CB5 of the current-limiting reactor in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform, close the series switch CB2 of the boost capacitor, increase the three-phase voltage on the high-voltage side of the electrical part, and after the test is completed, disconnect CB2 first and then close CB5, and record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part.

[0067] Step 334: Calculate active power, reactive power, positive-sequence voltage, negative-sequence voltage, positive-sequence reactive current, and negative-sequence reactive current based on the recorded high-voltage side and low-voltage side voltage and current data, and adjust the transient voltage support capacity of the grid-type wind turbine under different simulation parameters to meet the requirements of GB / T19963.1.

[0068] In step 3, the inertia response test steps are:

[0069] Step 341: Repeat steps 321 to 323.

[0070] Step 342: Set the frequency of the voltage, frequency and other disturbance devices in the RT-LAB simulation platform power grid simulator from 50Hz to 48Hz or from 50Hz to 51.5Hz, the frequency change rate is 0.5Hz / s, the holding time is not less than 30s, and record the voltage and current data of the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part

[0071] Step 343: Calculate the response time, adjustment amount, control error, etc. of active power from the recorded high-voltage side and low-voltage side voltage and current data, and adjust the control parameters according to the calculation results to meet the requirements of GB / T36994.

[0072] In step 3, the steps for a frequency modulation test are:

[0073] Step 351: Repeat steps 321 to 323.

[0074] Step 352: Set the frequencies of disturbance devices such as voltage and frequency in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform to 50Hz→48Hz, 50Hz→49.8Hz, 50Hz→48Hz, 50Hz→50.02Hz, 50Hz→50.3Hz, 50Hz→51.5Hz, respectively. The frequency change rate is 0.5Hz / s, and the holding time is not less than 30s. Record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part.

[0075] Step 353: Calculate the response time, adjustment amount, control error, etc. of active power from the recorded high-voltage side and low-voltage side voltage and current data, and adjust the control parameters according to the calculation results to meet the requirements of GB / T36994.

[0076] In step 3, the active damping test steps are:

[0077] Step 361: close the bypass switch CB1 of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform to cut off the short-circuit ratio adjustable device.

[0078] Step 362: Repeat steps 322 and 323.

[0079] Step 363: Adjust the power grid simulator to inject positive sequence disturbance voltage with a frequency of fp, and record the voltage and current data of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the electrical part.

[0080] Step 364: Use the Fourier transform algorithm to extract the corresponding voltage and current disturbance components from the recorded high-voltage side and low-voltage side voltage and current data, and calculate the positive-sequence admittance value.

[0081] Step 365: adjust the grid disturbance simulation device to inject a negative sequence disturbance voltage with a frequency of fp-2fN, and record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the electrical part.

[0082] Step 366: Use the Fourier transform algorithm to extract the corresponding voltage and current disturbance components from the recorded high-voltage side and low-voltage side voltage and current data, and calculate the negative-sequence admittance value.

[0083] In step 3, the mode switching test steps are:

[0084] Step 371: disconnect the bypass switch CB1 of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform, and set the short-circuit ratio to 1.5;

[0085] Step 372: closing the bypass switch CB4 of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform;

[0086] Step 373: repeat step 323;

[0087] Step 374: after the grid-building wind turbine generator set has been running for 10 minutes, it switches to the grid-following operation mode;

[0088] Step 375: If the wind turbine is off-grid, adjust the control parameters so that the two modes of grid construction and grid following can be switched freely.

[0089] In step 3, the independent load test steps are:

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, step 381: connect the load simulation device, close CB6, and open CB7, CB8, and CB9;

[0091] Step 382: The Bladed simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers are turned on to reach the grid-connected speed, a grid-connected instruction is issued to the converter controller. The converter controller operates the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid.

[0092] Step 383: Set the capacity of the load simulation device to be equivalent to the actual output power of the grid-type wind turbine generator set, and close switches CB7, CB8, and CB9;

[0093] Step 384: disconnect CB6 in the RT-LAB simulation platform, and the grid-type wind turbine sets operate independently with load;

[0094] Step 385: If the grid-type wind turbine generator system is shut down, adjust the control parameters according to the recorded data.

[0095] In step 3, the black start test steps are:

[0096] Step 391: disconnect CB6 in the RT-LAB simulation platform, and the grid-connected wind turbine generator set loses power;

[0097] Step 392: Close CB10 in the RT-LAB simulation platform and put the energy storage device into operation to supply power to the wind turbine generator set;

[0098] Step 393: The Bladed simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers are turned on to reach the grid-connected speed, a grid-connected instruction is issued to the converter controller. The converter controller operates the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid.

[0099] Step 394: Close CB7 and CB8 in the RT-LAB simulation platform and put the load device into operation;

[0100] Step 395: If the grid-type wind turbine generator set is not started or stops after being started, adjust the control parameters according to the recorded data.

[0101] This embodiment first builds the pneumatic, mechanical and control models of the wind turbine in the Bladed software; builds the electrical part of the wind turbine, the adjustable short-circuit ratio device of the power grid, the load simulation device, the energy storage device, and the power grid simulator model in the RT-LAB simulation platform; the converter controller actually controls the electrical part of the grid-type wind turbine and completes the active adjustment of the voltage and frequency; secondly, the low short-circuit ratio operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine are simulated and tested through the built hardware-in-the-loop platform. The present invention can simulate and verify the control parameters of the low short-circuit ratio operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine and then determine the optimal control logic.

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test system, including: a Bladed simulation platform, an RT-LAB simulation platform and a converter controller;

[0104] The Bladed simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine model including a pneumatic part, a mechanical part and a control part of a wind turbine;

[0105] The RT-LAB simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine test environment; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes a short-circuit ratio adjustable device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device;

[0106] The Bladed simulation platform is also used to output the generator speed to the RT-LAB simulation platform to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-forming wind turbine;

[0107] The RT-LAB simulation platform is also used to send control instructions to the converter controller and receive feedback signals from the converter controller to simulate and test the operating characteristics of the grid-connected wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio.

[0108] In further embodiments, there is also provided:

[0109] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in Embodiment 1 is performed. For the sake of brevity, no further description is given here.

[0110] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application-specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0111] The memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

[0112] A computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method described in embodiment 1 is completed.

[0113] The method in the first embodiment can be directly embodied as a hardware processor, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0114] A computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first embodiment is implemented.

[0115] The present invention also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer executable instructions, such as instructions included in a program module, which are executed in a device on a real or virtual processor of the target to perform the process / method as described above. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or divided between program modules as needed. Machine executable instructions for program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0116] The computer program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in one or more programming languages. These computer program codes can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the computer or other programmable data processing device, causes the function / operation specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed completely on a computer, partially on a computer, as an independent software package, partially on a computer and partially on a remote computer or completely on a remote computer or server.

[0117] In the context of the present invention, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any appropriate carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, etc. Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, acoustic or other forms of propagation signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, etc.

[0118] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with this embodiment can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0119] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method for a grid-connected wind turbine generator system, characterized in that: include: Based on the Bladed simulation platform, a grid-type wind turbine model including the pneumatic part, mechanical part and control part of the wind turbine was built; A grid-type wind turbine test environment is built based on the RT-LAB simulation platform; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes an adjustable short-circuit ratio device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device; The grid-type wind turbine model outputs the generator speed to the grid-type wind turbine test environment to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-type wind turbine; According to the operating characteristics of the grid-type wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio, the grid-type wind turbine generator set test environment sends a control instruction to the converter controller, and receives a feedback signal from the converter controller to perform a simulation test to obtain a simulation test result.

2. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-connected wind turbine generator set is started and connected to the grid, specifically: Disconnect the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform and set different short-circuit ratios; Close the bypass switch of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; If the grid-connected wind turbine is disconnected from the grid, adjust the simulation parameters.

3. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable operation capability test of the grid-type wind turbines is carried out as follows: Disconnect the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform and the bypass switch of the power grid simulator; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; The disturbance device in the grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform is used to change the voltage deviation, frequency deviation, three-phase voltage imbalance, flicker and harmonics on the high-voltage side of the grid-connected wind turbine; If the grid-connected wind turbine is disconnected from the grid, adjust the simulation parameters.

4. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conduct transient voltage support tests on grid-connected wind turbines, specifically: Disconnect the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform and the bypass switch of the power grid simulator; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; Disconnect the bypass switch of the current-limiting reactor in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform, and close the switch of the voltage-dividing reactor. After the test is completed, first disconnect the switch of the voltage-dividing reactor, and then close the bypass switch of the current-limiting reactor, and record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part; Disconnect the bypass switch of the current-limiting reactor in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform, and close the switch of the boost capacitor. After the test is completed, first disconnect the switch of the boost capacitor, and then close the bypass switch of the current-limiting reactor, and record the voltage and current data on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part; According to the recorded voltage and current data of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side, the active power, reactive power, positive-sequence voltage, negative-sequence voltage, positive-sequence reactive current and negative-sequence reactive current are calculated, and the transient voltage support capacity of the grid-type wind turbine under different simulation parameters is adjusted to meet the test requirements.

5. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conduct inertia response test or primary frequency modulation test on grid-type wind turbines, specifically: Disconnect the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform and the bypass switch of the power grid simulator; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; Set the frequency of the disturbance device in the power grid simulator of the RT-LAB simulation platform and record the voltage and current data of the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the electrical part; The response time, regulation amount and control error of active power are calculated based on the recorded voltage and current data of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side, and the control parameters are adjusted according to the calculation results to meet the test requirements.

6. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Active damping test is carried out on the grid-type wind turbine, specifically: Close the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform; Disconnect the bypass switch of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; The power grid simulator is adjusted to inject positive-sequence disturbance voltage and negative-sequence disturbance voltage respectively, and the voltage and current data of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the electrical part are recorded respectively; According to the recorded voltage and current data of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side, the corresponding voltage and current disturbance components are extracted using the Fourier transform algorithm, and the positive-sequence admittance value and the negative-sequence admittance value are calculated respectively.

7. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mode switching test of the grid-type wind turbine is carried out as follows: Disconnect the bypass switch of the short-circuit ratio adjustable device in the RT-LAB simulation platform; Close the bypass switch of the power grid simulator in the RT-LAB simulation platform; The RT-LAB simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected instruction to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid for power generation; After the grid-connected wind turbines have been running for a set period of time, they will switch to the grid-connected operation mode; If the wind turbine is disconnected from the grid, the control parameters are adjusted so that the two modes of grid building and grid following can be switched freely.

8. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black start test of the grid-type wind turbine is carried out as follows: Disconnect the switch CB6 of the load simulation device of the RT-LAB simulation platform to de-energize the grid-type wind turbine generator set; Close the switch between the energy storage device and the generator converter in the RT-LAB simulation platform to enable the energy storage device to supply power to the wind turbine. The Bladed simulation platform loads the turbulent wind file, and after the wind and propellers reach the grid-connected speed, it sends a grid-connected command to the converter controller. The converter controller acts on the grid-connected switch of the RT-LAB electrical part, and the wind turbine is connected to the grid. Put the load device into the RT-LAB simulation platform; If the grid-type wind turbine fails to start or stops after starting, adjust the control parameters according to the recorded data.

9. A grid-type wind turbine hardware-in-the-loop simulation test system, characterized in that: include: Bladed simulation platform, RT-LAB simulation platform and converter controller; The Bladed simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine model including a pneumatic part, a mechanical part and a control part of a wind turbine; The RT-LAB simulation platform is used to build a grid-type wind turbine test environment; wherein the grid-type wind turbine test environment includes a short-circuit ratio adjustable device, a power grid simulator, and a load simulation device; The Bladed simulation platform is also used to output the generator speed to the RT-LAB simulation platform to control the propeller opening, yaw and grid connection of the grid-forming wind turbine; The RT-LAB simulation platform is also used to send control instructions to the converter controller and receive feedback signals from the converter controller to simulate and test the operating characteristics of the grid-connected wind turbine generator set under low short-circuit ratio.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is completed.

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