Simulation and life cycle based optimization method and system for mixed refrigerant compositions

Abstract

The application discloses a simulation and life cycle-based optimization method and system for mixed refrigerant components, comprising: generating a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios according to a plurality of refrigerant elements by an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm; calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerants; simulating the mixed refrigerants by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model and calculating the life cycle carbon emission; simulating the mixed refrigerants by a flammability model and calculating a flammability calculation factor; and performing component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function to obtain a target mixed refrigerant. The application is conducive to comprehensively analyzing the carbon emission and flammability of various refrigerant element combinations of the mixed refrigerant, and is conducive to more quickly and reliably determining a suitable mixed refrigerant according to different refrigeration system use requirements, and can be widely applied to the field of computer technology.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of computers, and particularly relates to a simulation and life cycle based optimization method and system for mixed refrigerant components. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the development of new technologies, a new generation of refrigerants will become mainstream. However, the current new compounds cannot balance safety, high energy efficiency and low carbon emissions at the same time, forming a "trilemma". At the same time, natural refrigerants have high operating pressure, low energy efficiency, high risk and other problems. Therefore, mixing different refrigerants to form a mixed refrigerant has become a new technical direction.

[0003] Because the mixed refrigerant has various component choices, the selection range of the original tens of refrigerants is expanded to tens of thousands, and for each different system and operating condition, a suitable refrigerant component needs to be selected. In determining the components of the mixed refrigerant, the related art only analyzes and selects based on a thermodynamic cycle, which has certain limitations. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a simulation and life cycle based optimization method and system for mixed refrigerant components, aiming to realize more comprehensive and reliable optimization of mixed refrigerant components.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, one aspect of the embodiments of the present application proposes a simulation and life cycle based optimization method for mixed refrigerant components, which comprises:

[0006] generating a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios from a plurality of refrigerant elements by an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm;

[0007] calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant;

[0008] simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculating the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential;

[0009] simulating the mixed refrigerant by a flammability model, and calculating the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant;

[0010] performing component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function to obtain a target mixed refrigerant.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the heat pump energy efficiency ratio of the mixed refrigerant comprises the following steps:

[0012] constructing a refrigeration energy efficiency model and a heat pump energy efficiency model comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator based on reverse Carnot cycle;

[0013] determining compressor power consumption according to volumetric efficiency, isentropic efficiency and motor efficiency of the compressor;

[0014] calculating refrigeration energy efficiency ratio according to refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration energy efficiency model, water route heat loss, compressor power consumption, fan power consumption and water pump power consumption;

[0015] calculating heat pump energy efficiency ratio according to heating capacity and compressor power consumption of the heat pump energy efficiency model.

[0016] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant comprises the steps of:

[0017] calculating mass fraction of the refrigerant element according to mass of the refrigerant element and total mass of the mixed refrigerant;

[0018] obtaining second global warming potential of each refrigerant element;

[0019] calculating the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant according to mass fraction and the second global warming potential of each refrigerant element in the mixed refrigerant.

[0020] In some embodiments, the step of simulating the mixed refrigerant by the mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model and calculating life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant comprises the steps of:

[0021] simulating the mixed refrigerant by the mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model;

[0022] calculating whole-year energy consumption of the refrigeration system according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and refrigeration system power;

[0023] calculating energy consumption carbon emission according to whole-year energy consumption of the refrigeration system, carbon emission factor and service life of the refrigeration system;

[0024] calculating mixed refrigerant carbon emission according to mixed refrigerant annual leakage, mixed refrigerant recovery leakage, the first global warming potential, service life of the refrigeration system and refrigerant filling amount;

[0025] determining life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the mixed refrigerant carbon emission and the energy consumption carbon emission.

[0026] In some embodiments, the simulation of the mixed refrigerant by the flammability model and the calculation of the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant comprise the following steps:

[0027] According to the adiabatic flame temperature and the fluorine substitution rate of the refrigerant element, a single element flammability index is determined;

[0028] The single element flammability index is integrated and normalized to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant;

[0029] Or, the complex effect between the refrigerant elements is simulated to obtain the functional group number of the mixed refrigerant;

[0030] The functional group number is input into a pre-trained artificial neural network for processing to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

[0031] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the life cycle carbon emission is:

[0032] C tot =C grid +G ref ;

[0033] C grid =E sys ×EF grid ×yr;

[0034] C ref =(yr×leak yr +leak re )×GWP×m ref ;

[0035] Wherein, C tot represents the life cycle carbon emission; C grid represents the energy consumption carbon emission; C ref represents the mixed refrigerant carbon emission; E sys represents the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system; EF grid represents the carbon emission factor; yr represents the service life of the refrigeration system; leak yr represents the mixed refrigerant recovery leakage; leak re represents the annual leakage of the mixed refrigerant; GWP represents the first global warming potential; m ref represents the refrigerant filling amount.

[0036] In some embodiments, the expression of the objective function is:

[0037] Π<∏ req ;

[0038] min(C tot), or, C tot <C ref0 ;

[0039] wherein, Π is a flammability calculation factor, Π req is a flammability criterion; C tot is a life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant, C ref0 is a total carbon emission of the refrigeration system applying the original refrigerant.

[0040] To achieve the above object, another aspect of the embodiment of the present application proposes a system for optimizing components of a mixed refrigerant based on simulation and life cycle, which comprises:

[0041] A first module is configured to generate a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios according to a plurality of refrigerant elements by using an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm;

[0042] A second module is configured to calculate a refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, a heat pump energy efficiency ratio and a first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant;

[0043] A third module is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculate a life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential;

[0044] A fourth module is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a flammability model, and calculate a flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant;

[0045] A fifth module is configured to perform component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function, and obtain a target mixed refrigerant.

[0046] To achieve the above object, another aspect of the embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above method when executing the computer program.

[0047] To achieve the above object, another aspect of the embodiment of the present application proposes a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application at least have the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a simulation and life cycle based mixed refrigerant component optimization method and system. According to a plurality of refrigerant elements, the method generates a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios by using an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm. The method calculates the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant. The method simulates the mixed refrigerant by using a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculates the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after using the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential. The method simulates the mixed refrigerant by using a flammability model, and calculates the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant. According to a target function, the method optimizes the component according to the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor, and obtains a target mixed refrigerant. The overall steps of the method combine the simulation and calculation results of system simulation and life cycle carbon emission, which is beneficial to comprehensively analyze the carbon emission and flammability of various component combinations of the mixed refrigerant, and is beneficial to more quickly and reliably determine a suitable mixed refrigerant according to different refrigeration system use requirements. In addition, the simulation method is beneficial to save a large amount of development resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the technical scheme of the present application together with the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application.

[0050] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a simulation and life cycle based mixed refrigerant component optimization method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration energy efficiency model and a heat pump energy efficiency model provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an artificial neural network provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a module schematic diagram of a simulation and life cycle based mixed refrigerant component optimization system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a hardware structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, identical numbers in different drawings represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with embodiments of the present application. They are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0056] Although the functional modules are divided in the system schematic diagram, and the logical sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a manner different from the module division in the system or the sequence in the flowchart. The terms "first / S100", "second / S200", etc. in the description, claims and above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific sequence or order.

[0057] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present application can be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless specifically stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining".

[0058] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc. used in the present application include one, two or more than two, multiple includes two or more than two, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the multiple.

[0059] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive of, or alternative to, other embodiments. It will be explicitly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein are merely for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0061] Before the embodiments of the present application are described in detail, first, some of the terms and terminology involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained, and the terms and terminology involved in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the following explanations.

[0062] (1) GWP: Global Warming Potential. GWP is a value used to evaluate the greenhouse effect of refrigerants, based on the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide, that is, the GWP of carbon dioxide = 1, and the GWP of most third-generation refrigerants is greater than 1000, and the current goal is to control the GWP of the new generation of refrigerants to be within 150;

[0063] (2) R134a: 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane;

[0064] (3) R410A: A refrigerant used in household split air conditioners, which is a mixture of R125 and R32;

[0065] (4) R125: Pentafluoroethane;

[0066] (5) R32: Difluoromethane;

[0067] (6) R1234yf: 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;

[0068] (7) R1234ze(E): 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;

[0069] (8) R227ea: Heptafluoropropane;

[0070] (9) R152a: 1,1-difluoroethane;

[0071] At present, there are various component choices for mixed refrigerants, which expand the selection range of refrigerants from dozens to tens of thousands, and suitable refrigerant components need to be selected for different systems and operating conditions. When determining the components of the mixed refrigerant, the related technology only analyzes and selects based on the thermodynamic cycle, which has certain limitations.

[0072] Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, a method and system for optimizing the components of the mixed refrigerant based on simulation and life cycle are provided. The scheme calculates the energy efficiency, flammability calculation factor, and life cycle carbon emissions of the refrigerant through a general model based on mechanism, thereby optimizing the safety, energy efficiency, and carbon emissions, and screening the optimal mixed refrigerant components.

[0073] The method for optimizing mixed refrigerant components based on simulation and life cycle provided in the embodiments of the present application relates to the technical field of computers. The method for optimizing mixed refrigerant components based on simulation and life cycle provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can also be applied to a server, and can also be software running in the terminal or the server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, a vehicle-mounted terminal, and the like, but is not limited thereto; the server end can be configured as a stand-alone physical server, can also be configured as a server cluster or a distributed system formed by multiple physical servers, can also be configured as a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud service, cloud database, cloud computing, cloud function, cloud storage, network service, cloud communication, middleware service, domain name service, security service, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platform, and the server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; and the software can be an application for implementing the method for optimizing mixed refrigerant components based on simulation and life cycle, and the like, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0074] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, and the like. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as a program module. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected by a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0075] Figure 1 is an optional flowchart of the method for optimizing mixed refrigerant components based on simulation and life cycle provided in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 The method in can include but is not limited to including steps S100-S500.

[0076] Step S100, generating a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios from a plurality of refrigerant elements by an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm.

[0077] Step S200, calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio, and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant.

[0078] Step S300, simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculating a life cycle carbon emission of the mixed refrigerant after the refrigeration system applies the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential.

[0079] Step S400, simulating the mixed refrigerant by a flammability model, and calculating a flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

[0080] Step S500, performing component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function, to obtain a target mixed refrigerant.

[0081] The steps S100 to S500 shown in the embodiments of the present application combine the system simulation and the calculation result of the life cycle carbon emission, which is beneficial to comprehensively analyze the carbon emission and flammability of various refrigerant elements in the mixed refrigerant, and is beneficial to more quickly and reliably determine the mixed refrigerant with appropriate mass proportion according to different refrigeration system use requirements. In addition, the simulation is also beneficial to save a large amount of development resources.

[0082] In some embodiments, step S200 can include but is not limited to steps S210-S240 of calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the heat pump energy efficiency ratio of the mixed refrigerant:

[0083] Step S210, constructing a refrigeration energy efficiency model and a heat pump energy efficiency model including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator based on an inverse Carnot cycle.

[0084] Step S220, determining the compressor power consumption according to the volumetric efficiency, isentropic efficiency and motor efficiency of the compressor.

[0085] Step S230, calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio according to the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration energy efficiency model, water route heat loss, compressor power consumption, fan power consumption and water pump power consumption.

[0086] Step S240, calculating the heat pump energy efficiency ratio according to the heating capacity of the heat pump energy efficiency model and the compressor power consumption.

[0087] In some embodiments, step S200 can also include but is not limited to steps S250-S270 of calculating the first global warming potential:

[0088] Step S250, calculating the mass fraction of the refrigerant element according to the mass of the refrigerant element and the total mass of the mixed refrigerant.

[0089] Step S260, obtaining the second global warming potential of each refrigerant element.

[0090] Step S270, calculating the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant according to the mass fraction of each refrigerant element in the mixed refrigerant and the second global warming potential.

[0091] In some embodiments, step S300 includes, but is not limited to, steps S310-S350.

[0092] Step S310, simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model.

[0093] Step S320, calculating the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the refrigeration system power.

[0094] Step S330, calculating the energy consumption carbon emission according to the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system, the carbon emission factor and the service life of the refrigeration system.

[0095] Step S340, calculating the mixed refrigerant carbon emission according to the annual leakage of the mixed refrigerant, the mixed refrigerant recovery leakage, the first global warming potential, the service life of the refrigeration system and the refrigerant filling amount.

[0096] Step S350, determining the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the mixed refrigerant carbon emission and the energy consumption carbon emission.

[0097] In step S350 of some embodiments, the calculation formula of the life cycle carbon emission is:

[0098] C tot = C grid + C ref ;

[0099] C grid = E sys × EF grid × yr;

[0100] C ref = (yr × leak yr + leak re ) × GWP × m ref ;

[0101] Wherein, C tot represents the life cycle carbon emission; C grid represents the energy consumption carbon emission; C ref represents the mixed refrigerant carbon emission; E sys represents the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system; EF grid represents the carbon emission factor; yr represents the service life of the refrigeration system; leak yr represents the mixed refrigerant recovery leakage; leak rerepresents the annual leakage amount of the mixed refrigerant; GWP represents the first global warming potential; m ref represents the refrigerant filling amount.

[0102] In some embodiments, the step S400 of calculating the flammability calculation factor includes, but is not limited to, the following steps S410-S420 or steps S430-S440:

[0103] Step S410, according to the adiabatic flame temperature and the fluorine substitution rate of the refrigerant element, the element flammability index is determined.

[0104] Step S420, integrating and normalizing the element flammability index to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

[0105] Alternatively, step S430, the complex effect between the refrigerant elements is simulated to obtain the functional group number of the mixed refrigerant.

[0106] Step S440, inputting the functional group number into the pre-trained artificial neural network for processing to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

[0107] In step S500 in some embodiments, the expression of the target function is:

[0108] Π req ;

[0109] min(C tot ), or C tot <C ref0 ;

[0110] Wherein, Π is the flammability calculation factor, Π req is the flammability standard; C tot is the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant, C ref0 is the total carbon emission of the refrigeration system using the original refrigerant.

[0111] Next, in combination with the drawings and specific mixed refrigerant optimization application scenarios, the scheme of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail and explained:

[0112] In the embodiments of the present application, an optimization method for mixed refrigerant components based on simulation and life cycle is provided. This method can be applied to comprehensive and reliable optimization of mixed refrigerant components. Taking the air conditioning system as an example, the carbon emission needs to be reduced as much as possible while meeting the safety requirements. That is, the performance requirements (target function) of the refrigeration system can be set as:

[0113] Satisfy the flammability requirement: Π<Π req ;

[0114] min(C tot ).

[0115] To take into account other factors, such as the cost of the refrigerant components, etc., the condition of minimum carbon emission can be replaced by a condition of reduced carbon emission, i.e.: tot C ref0 .

[0116] where Π is the calculated factor of flammability, Π req is the required flammability (1st level is satisfied with Π req = 0, 2L standard is satisfied with Π req = 5, or 2nd level standard is satisfied with Π req = 35).

[0117] C tot is the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system, C ref0 is the carbon emission of the original (replaced) refrigerant (ref0).

[0118] Here the carbon emission reduction coefficient

[0119] Based on this, the exhaustive method or genetic algorithm can be used to generate several component combinations of the mixed refrigerant. Specifically, when considering fewer components, the exhaustive method can be used, and all refrigerant elements (candidate components) ref1, ref2, …, refn are listed first, and all components (including binary combinations, ternary combinations, etc.) and all mass fractions (percentage accuracy) are exhausted. The method of the present application has a faster calculation speed, and can give historical experience to screen reliable components. The exhaustive calculation can be completed quickly using a general computer, and several component combinations are obtained.

[0120] If a large number of components need to be considered, the genetic algorithm needs to be used for optimization and selection. Genetic algorithm is an optimization algorithm that simulates the natural evolution process, and gradually approaches the optimal solution through selection, crossover and mutation operations. In the process of optimizing component selection, the genetic algorithm first generates a set of initial solutions, which can be regarded as different combinations of candidate components. In each generation, the algorithm evaluates the fitness of these candidate solutions according to the objective function (such as life cycle carbon emission, flammability, etc.), and then selects individuals with higher fitness for crossover and mutation operations to generate a new generation of candidate solutions. The crossover operation simulates the process of gene recombination in nature, and increases the diversity of solutions by randomly changing a part of the components of a candidate solution.

[0121] As the number of evolutional generations increases, the average fitness of candidate solutions gradually improves, approaching the optimal solution. However, genetic algorithms can also fall into local optima, i.e., the found solution is not the global optimal solution. To solve this problem, some improvement strategies can be introduced, such as increasing the mutation rate, introducing an elite reservation mechanism, using multiple selection strategies, etc., to improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum.

[0122] The component combination optimized by the genetic algorithm can obtain a set of near-optimal solutions in a short time to meet the various performance requirements of the system. For example, in the processing of complex multi-working fluid systems, the genetic algorithm can effectively reduce the calculation time, improve the calculation efficiency, and find more reliable and efficient component combinations, but it may fall into a local optimum.

[0123] Table 1 is some calculation examples provided by the embodiments of the present application, which shows two different scenarios ("household air conditioner one-pull many, location A city" and "automobile air conditioner, location B city") and optimizes the refrigerants R410A and R134a currently used in these air conditioners to find some optimized configurations.

[0124] Table 1

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] The present application constructs five models for simulation calculation of various indicators of mixed refrigerants, which is conducive to comprehensively and reliably evaluating the component combination of mixed refrigerants, so as to screen out the optimal component scheme meeting the performance requirements of the refrigeration system.

[0128] Further, the introduction of each model is as follows:

[0129] (1) Refrigeration energy efficiency model.

[0130] Referring to Figure 2 , refrigeration is a reverse Carnot cycle, which can be described as a combination of compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator.

[0131] The reverse Carnot cycle is used to calculate the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, and the calculation expression is:

[0132]

[0133] Wherein, Q evap is the refrigeration capacity, i.e., the heat exchange capacity of the evaporator; W comp is the power consumption of the compressor; and COP is the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio.

[0134] (2) Heat pump energy efficiency model.

[0135] Heat pump is also a reverse Carnot cycle, which can also be described as the combination of the above four components.

[0136] The calculation expression of the heat pump COP is calculated by the reverse Carnot cycle:

[0137]

[0138] Where, HPF is the COP of the heat pump; Q cond is the heating capacity, that is, the heat transfer capacity of the condenser; W comp is the power consumption of the compressor.

[0139] For the models of (1) and (2), considering other energy consumptions such as fan (W fan ), water pump (W pump ), etc., when calculating the COP, these items may need to be added to the denominator; similarly, for the refrigeration system with chilled water and cooling water, the heat loss (Q loss ) of the water circuit should be subtracted in the numerator.

[0140] Taking the calculation of the refrigeration COP as an example, the optimization calculation formula is:

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, the summation symbol represents the existence of more than one evaporator, pipe loss, compressor, electronic fan, and water pump in the system.

[0143] Q loss can generally be ignored. If it cannot be ignored, after finite element difference of the refrigeration system pipe, heat balance analysis and fluid mechanics analysis are carried out by modeling each pipe section. This method is similar to the calculation method of heat exchanger, which can be referred to the calculation of heat exchanger.

[0144] The calculation of compressor power W comp involves compressor analysis and three efficiencies of the compressor: volumetric efficiency (η v ), isentropic efficiency (η s ), and motor efficiency (η m ). Any efficiency can be regarded as a function of inlet and outlet pressures:

[0145]

[0146] Where a, n1, n2 are fitting parameters, η is the above three efficiencies, P dis is the discharge pressure of the compressor, P suc is the suction pressure of the compressor, and ω is the rotational speed.

[0147] Through the above efficiencies, the compressor power can be calculated:

[0148] W comp = η v ωV d ρ suc (h dis -h suc );

[0149] where V d is the compressor displacement, ρ suc is the suction density of the compressor, h dis is the enthalpy of the discharge, and h suc is the enthalpy of the suction.

[0150] For the heat transfer of the evaporator, that is, the refrigeration capacity (Q evap ), or the heat transfer of the condenser, that is, the heating capacity (Q cond ), or the heat loss of the pipeline (Q loss ), the heat exchanger or the connecting pipeline needs to be differentiated. In some embodiments, the small pipeline with a differentiation within 15 mm can ensure the calculation accuracy, that is, each differentiation unit needs to be less than 15 mm to ensure the calculation accuracy.

[0151] For each unit, the ∈-NTU can be used to simulate the refrigerant and the heat transfer medium (generally water, ethylene glycol solution, or air).

[0152] (3) GWP calculation model (global warming potential calculation model).

[0153] The GWP of the mixed refrigerant is the mass fraction weighted number of the component refrigerants, that is:

[0154]

[0155] GWP mixture is the GWP of the mixed refrigerant, w i is the mass of the refrigerant element i, w tot is the total mass of the mixed refrigerant, is the mass fraction of the refrigerant element i, GWP i is the GWP of the refrigerant element i. The value of GWP should refer to the latest Intergovernmental Meteorological Agreement (IPCC) report or the responding refrigerant national standard.

[0156] (4) Mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model.

[0157] The expression of the model is: C tot = C grid + C ref ;

[0158] First, the use of the refrigeration system needs to be statistically simulated, for example, for refrigeration and heating air conditioning, the refrigeration and heating load of the air conditioner for a whole year needs to be calculated through meteorological data (typical meteorological year), and then the COP and power of the air conditioner are calculated through meteorological data and load. Accumulate the data of a year to obtain the annual energy consumption (E sys ) of the air conditioner.

[0159] For example, for industrial refrigeration systems, the COP and power should be calculated according to the production shift and the refrigeration capacity of each shift, and then the annual refrigeration system energy consumption (E sys ) is obtained by accumulation.

[0160] According to the carbon emission factor (EF grid ) of the power system, the carbon emission (C grid ) of the energy consumption is calculated: C geid = E sys × EF grid × yr.

[0161] The carbon emission factor should be calculated according to the latest official data; yr is the service life of the system.

[0162] Another key part of carbon emission is the carbon emission C ref of the refrigerant. Generally, there are two parts of refrigerant carbon emission, annual leakage and recovery leakage.

[0163] C ref = (yr × leak yr + leak re ) × GWP × m ref ;

[0164] Wherein, leak yr is the annual leakage of the system, generally about 2-6%, depending on the refrigeration system. leak re is the recovery leakage, generally 15-100%, generally depending on the proficiency of the operator. GWP is the carbon emission potential value of the mixed refrigerant. m ref is the refrigerant filling amount of the system, which depends on the refrigeration system, and generally each refrigeration system has its corresponding recommended value.

[0165] (5) Combustibility model.

[0166] The flammability of the mixed refrigerant can be judged by the flammability of the components themselves or the flammability influence between the components.

[0167] In some embodiments, the flammability calculation factor can be calculated by the flammability of the components themselves. Each component as a single element, its flammability can be simply quantified as Π. By calculating the adiabatic flame temperature, fluorine substitution rate of each component, the flammability index can be calculated, and the flammability index is integrated and normalized, and finally the flammability calculation factor Π can be obtained.

[0168] In some embodiments, the flammability calculation factor can be calculated by calculating the flammability influence between components. In order to consider the complex action between components, the embodiments of the present application simulate according to the functional groups of the molecules. Specifically, the number of each functional group is counted and then input into an artificial neural network for calculation, as shown in Figure 3 The structure of an artificial neural network is shown.

[0169] First, collect and prepare the training set containing the number of functional groups of various mixed refrigerants and their corresponding flammability data. These data can be obtained by experimental measurement or reference. The input layer includes the number of each functional group in each refrigerant mixture. For example, if considering functional groups such as fluorine, chlorine, hydrocarbon, etc., the input layer should have corresponding nodes, each node representing the number of a certain functional group. The number of hidden layers and the number of neurons in each layer is selected. The number of hidden layers and the number of neurons need to be determined by experiment to find the best network structure. The common practice is to determine it through cross-validation and hyperparameter optimization. The output layer usually has only one node, which is used to predict the total flammability of the mixed refrigerant. This node outputs a flammability index (Π) representing the overall flammability level of the mixed refrigerant. The model performance is evaluated using the validation set to ensure its good generalization ability. Adjust the model structure and parameters according to the validation results. Finally, evaluate the final performance of the model using the test set. The trained neural network model can be used to predict the flammability of new refrigerant mixtures. Input the number of each functional group, and the neural network outputs the predicted flammability index. Through the above steps, the artificial neural network can effectively simulate and predict the flammability complex action between components in mixed refrigerants, thereby providing an important reference for the safety evaluation and formula optimization of refrigerants.

[0170] For example: C-O, C=O, C-H, C-F, C-Br, O-H, etc. The number of functional groups is used as input to calculate the complex flammable effect Π. According to the analysis, when Π is less than 0, it is not flammable, meeting the ASHRAE 1st level standard; when Π is less than or equal to 5, it is slightly flammable, meeting the ASHRAE 2L standard, Π is less than or equal to 35, it is flammable, meeting the ASHRAE 2nd level standard; when Π is greater than 35, it is easily flammable, in the ASHRAE 3rd level.

[0171] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0172] 1. The combination of system simulation and calculation of life cycle carbon emissions is conducive to comprehensive analysis of carbon emissions and flammability of various component combinations of mixed refrigerants, and is conducive to more rapid and reliable determination of suitable mixed refrigerants for different refrigeration system use requirements.

[0173] 2. The simulation method is conducive to saving a large amount of development resources.

[0174] See Figure 4 The embodiment of the present application also provides a mixed refrigerant component optimization system based on simulation and life cycle, which can implement the mixed refrigerant component optimization method based on simulation and life cycle, and the system comprises:

[0175] A first module 101 is configured to generate a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios from a plurality of refrigerant elements by using an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm.

[0176] A second module 102 is configured to calculate the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio, and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant.

[0177] A third module 103 is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculate the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after the mixed refrigerant is applied according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential.

[0178] A fourth module 104 is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a flammability model, and calculate the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

[0179] A fifth module 105 is configured to perform component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function, and obtain a target mixed refrigerant.

[0180] It can be understood that the contents in the above method embodiments are applicable to the system embodiments, the system embodiments specifically implement the same functions as the above method embodiments, and achieve the same beneficial effects as the above method embodiments.

[0181] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above mixed refrigerant component optimization method based on simulation and life cycle when executing the computer program. The electronic device can be any intelligent terminal such as a tablet computer or a vehicle-mounted computer.

[0182] It can be understood that the contents in the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the present device embodiments specifically implement the functions same as those of the above method embodiments, and achieve the same beneficial effects as those of the above method embodiments.

[0183] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The hardware structure of the electronic device of another embodiment is illustrated, and the electronic device comprises:

[0184] The processor 201 can be implemented in a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute related programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0185] The memory 202 can be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a RAM (Random Access Memory). The memory 202 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are implemented by software or firmware, the related program codes are stored in the memory 202 and are called and executed by the processor 201 to implement the simulation and life cycle based mixed refrigerant component optimization method of the embodiments of the present application.

[0186] The input / output interface 203 is used to realize information input and output.

[0187] The communication interface 204 is used to realize the communication interaction between the present device and other devices. The communication can be realized by a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0188] The bus 205 is used to transmit information between various components (such as the processor 201, the memory 202, the input / output interface 203, and the communication interface 204) of the device.

[0189] The processor 201, the memory 202, the input / output interface 203, and the communication interface 204 are connected to each other through the bus 205 to realize the communication connection between them inside the device.

[0190] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the optimization method of the mixed refrigerant component based on simulation and life cycle.

[0191] It can be understood that the contents in the method embodiments are applicable to the storage medium embodiments, the storage medium embodiments specifically realize the functions of the method embodiments, and achieve the same beneficial effects as the method embodiments.

[0192] The memory is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer executable programs. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-transitory memory, for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state memory device. In some embodiments, the memory can optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and the remote memory can be connected to the processor through a network. Examples of the network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof.

[0193] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of technology and the appearance of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0194] Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and can include more or fewer steps than the figures, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0195] The system embodiments described above are only schematic, and the units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed on multiple network units. According to actual needs, part or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments.

[0196] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or some steps in the method disclosed above, the function modules / units in the system and the device can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and their appropriate combinations.

[0197] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", and the like in the description and in the claims of this application, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of the terms so termed is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of orderly or chronological mundane operation, reverse order operation, based on circuitry availability, based on stated preference or the like, and that "default" or other orderings are thus permissible. Further, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like, are specifically intended to be open-ended. That is, references to individual steps and the like do not suhstantially exclude the presence of two or more of a given step or its integral presence in the process, method, system, article, or apparatus having been made with a wider scope. The use of notation such as "first", "second", "third", etc. does not generally limit the areas, but is used to connect like elements or to distinguish one claim from another. These terms can be used interchangeably when appropriate. Terms concerning the relative position of elements can be interpreted such that their use adheres to their normal meaning, but they can also be interpreted to mean the opposite according to specific claims.

[0198] It should be understood that, in the application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0199] In several embodiments provided in the application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described system embodiments are only illustrative, for example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed each other can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0200] The units described above as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0201] In addition, each function unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function unit.

[0202] When the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application, essentially or in part, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes multiple instructions used to cause a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other media that can store programs.

[0203] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimization of a mixed refrigerant composition based on simulation and life cycle, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: generating a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass ratios from a plurality of refrigerant elements by an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm; calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio, and the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant; simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculating the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential; simulating the mixed refrigerant by a flammability model, and calculating the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant; performing component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function to obtain a target mixed refrigerant; the step of simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model and calculating the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential comprises the following steps: simulating the mixed refrigerant by a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model; calculating the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the power of the refrigeration system; calculating the energy consumption carbon emission according to the annual energy consumption of the refrigeration system, a carbon emission factor, and the service life of the refrigeration system; calculating the mixed refrigerant carbon emission according to the annual leakage amount of the mixed refrigerant, the recovery leakage amount of the mixed refrigerant, the first global warming potential, the service life of the refrigeration system, and the refrigerant filling amount; determining the life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant according to the mixed refrigerant carbon emission and the energy consumption carbon emission; the step of simulating the mixed refrigerant by a flammability model and calculating the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant comprises the following steps: determining the element flammability index according to the adiabatic flame temperature and the fluorine substitution rate of the refrigerant element; integrating and normalizing the element flammability index to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant; or, simulating the complex effect among the refrigerant elements to obtain the number of functional groups of the mixed refrigerant; inputting the number of functional groups into a pre-trained artificial neural network for processing to obtain the flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the heat pump energy efficiency ratio of the mixed refrigerant comprises the following steps: based on the inverse Carnot cycle, constructing a refrigeration energy efficiency model and a heat pump energy efficiency model comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator; determining the compressor power consumption according to the volumetric efficiency, isentropic efficiency, and motor efficiency of the compressor; calculating the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio according to the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration energy efficiency model, water route heat loss, compressor power consumption, fan power consumption, and water pump power consumption; calculating the heat pump energy efficiency ratio according to the heating capacity of the heat pump energy efficiency model and the compressor power consumption.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant comprises the following steps: calculating the mass fraction of the refrigerant element according to the mass of the refrigerant element and the total mass of the mixed refrigerant; obtaining the second global warming potential of each refrigerant element; A first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant is calculated according to a mass fraction of each refrigerant element in the mixed refrigerant and the second global warming potential.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The formula for calculating the life cycle carbon emission is: ； ； ； wherein, represents a life cycle carbon emission; represents an energy consumption carbon emission; represents a mixed refrigerant carbon emission; represents a whole year energy consumption of a refrigeration system; represents a carbon emission factor; represents a service life of a refrigeration system; represents a mixed refrigerant recovery leakage amount; represents a mixed refrigerant annual leakage amount; represents a first global warming potential; represents a refrigerant filling amount.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The expression of the target function is: ； , or ; wherein, is a flammability calculation factor, is a flammability standard; is a life cycle carbon emission of the refrigeration system after applying the mixed refrigerant, is a total carbon emission of the refrigeration system applying the original refrigerant.

6. A system for implementing the method of optimization of hybrid refrigerant compositions based on simulation and life cycle as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A first module is configured to generate a plurality of mixed refrigerants with different component mass proportions by using an exhaustive method or a genetic algorithm according to a plurality of refrigerant elements; A second module is configured to calculate a refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, a heat pump energy efficiency ratio and a first global warming potential of the mixed refrigerant; A third module is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a mixed refrigerant life cycle carbon emission model, and calculate a life cycle carbon emission of a refrigeration system after the mixed refrigerant is applied according to the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio and the first global warming potential; A fourth module is configured to simulate the mixed refrigerant by using a flammability model, and calculate a flammability calculation factor of the mixed refrigerant; A fifth module is configured to perform component optimization on the life cycle carbon emission and the flammability calculation factor according to a target function, and obtain a target mixed refrigerant.

7. An electronic device, comprising: The method comprises the following steps: The processor executes the program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The program executable by the processor, when executed by the processor, is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a program that is executable by a processor, the program comprising instructions for causing the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7. ​

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